CN115228965A - Production method of large-diameter copper pipe - Google Patents
Production method of large-diameter copper pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN115228965A CN115228965A CN202210909205.6A CN202210909205A CN115228965A CN 115228965 A CN115228965 A CN 115228965A CN 202210909205 A CN202210909205 A CN 202210909205A CN 115228965 A CN115228965 A CN 115228965A
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- blank
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of a large-diameter copper pipe, which solves the technical problem that the large-diameter copper pipe cannot be processed in the prior art. The method comprises a blank preparation stage, a blank heating stage, an oblique rolling and piercing stage, a hollow billet inspection and polishing stage, a hollow billet heating stage, a periodic pipe rolling stage, an annealing stage and a finished product machining stage; the blank is a forged round blank with the outer diameter of 300-850mm, the forged round blank is heated and subjected to oblique rolling and punching to obtain a primary processed tubular billet, the tubular billet is subjected to inspection, grinding and polishing to eliminate the defects on the inner surface and the outer surface of the tubular billet, then the tubular billet is heated again, subjected to periodic rolling after heating, annealed after rolling, and finally machined to obtain a finished product pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of large-diameter seamless copper pipes, in particular to a production method of a large-diameter copper pipe.
Background
The crystallizer copper pipe is a core component on a continuous casting machine and plays a role in solidifying and forming molten steel, and the quality of the crystallizer copper pipe not only has great influence on the yield and quality of a casting blank, but also has greater influence on the service life of the copper pipe; in the continuous casting production process, the coating on the inner surface of the crystallizer copper pipe is in contact with high-temperature molten steel and is comprehensively influenced by chemical corrosion of the molten steel, thermal erosion, friction between the crystallizer copper pipe and a blank shell and the like, the crystallizer copper pipe is easy to generate thermal deformation and scratch of the surface coating, the normal operation of a continuous casting machine is influenced, the continuous casting efficiency is reduced, and the quality of a casting blank is reduced; because the steel grade of the casting blank is different from the technological parameters of the continuous casting machine, the service life of the crystallizer copper pipe is also different; therefore, better copper tube preparation methods and manufacturing levels are needed to improve the service life of crystallizer copper tubes.
The service life of the crystallizer copper pipe mainly depends on the material of the crystallizer copper pipe and the manufacturing level of the copper pipe, and the crystallizer copper pipe has relatively higher quality requirement due to certain complexity of the section of a continuous casting billet; at present, a copper pipe of a crystallizer mostly adopts silver-copper alloy as a production material of the copper pipe of the crystallizer, although the copper pipe of the crystallizer is limited by the material performance of the copper pipe, the service life of the crystallizer is also limited; therefore, a better preparation method and a better process flow are needed to improve the service performance and the service life of the crystallizer copper pipe.
The applicant has found that the prior art has at least the following technical problems:
1. the production method of the large-caliber copper pipe in the prior art can not meet the manufacturing requirement of the continuous casting crystallizer, and has low working efficiency and higher cost;
2. in the prior art, the production method of the large-diameter copper pipe enables the crystallizer copper pipe to be easily subjected to thermal deformation, and the service life of the copper pipe is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing a large-diameter copper pipe, which aims to solve the technical problems that the production efficiency is low, a large amount of manpower is consumed when copper pipes with different diameters are produced, and the thermal deformation of the copper pipe of a crystallizer is caused in the prior art.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a production method of a large-diameter copper pipe, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a blank, selecting the blank with a required size, and removing the defects on the outer surface of the blank, wherein a through hole is formed in the center of the blank, and the diameter of the through hole is 80-120mm;
step 2, heating the blank, namely heating the blank prepared in the step 1 to 820-840 ℃ through a heating furnace for 10-18h;
3, performing cross piercing, namely piercing the blank prepared in the step 2 through a piercing mill to obtain a capillary;
step 4, checking and polishing the capillary, namely checking and polishing the inner surface and the outer surface of the capillary obtained by perforating in the step 3 to eliminate the defects of the inner surface and the outer surface;
step 5, heating the capillary, namely heating the ground capillary in the step 4 to 800-820 ℃ through a heating furnace, and preserving heat for 4-8 hours after the temperature reaches 800-820 ℃;
step 6, periodically rolling the heated tubular billet in the step 5 through a periodic tube rolling mill, wherein when the periodic tube rolling mill rolls, the feeding amount of each time or each period is 20-50mm according to the size and the material of the tubular billet, and finally obtaining a pierced billet with a set size;
step 7, annealing, namely annealing the pierced billet prepared in the step 6 by a heating furnace at the annealing temperature of 520-540 ℃, and naturally cooling to normal temperature after discharging;
and 8, machining a finished product, namely straightening the pierced billet prepared in the step 7 by using a straightening machine, turning or boring the straightened pierced billet and meeting the size requirement of the finished product.
Optionally or preferably, the blank is a forged round blank with the outer diameter of 300-850mm, and the forged round blank is copper or copper-silver alloy.
Optionally or preferably, in the step 2, when the diameter of the blank is greater than 500mm, the oblique rolling perforation needs to be performed twice, and when the oblique rolling perforation is performed for the second time, the temperature of the tubular billet after the first oblique rolling perforation needs to be supplemented, the temperature supplementing temperature is 820-840 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4-5h.
Based on the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention can at least produce the following technical effects:
(1) According to the production method of the large-diameter copper pipe, provided by the invention, the blank is heated to a certain temperature, and then is subjected to oblique rolling and punching, so that the service life of the copper pipe of the continuous casting crystallizer is prolonged, and the service life of the copper pipe is prolonged;
(2) The production method of the large-diameter copper pipe provided by the invention can meet the performance requirements of the continuous casting crystallizer copper pipe, is suitable for the production of the large-diameter copper pipe, and has the advantages of lower production cost and controllable quality.
(3) The production method of the large-diameter copper pipe provided by the invention can reduce the thermal deformation of the crystallizer copper pipe and effectively prolong the service life of the copper pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1A production method for preparing a D360/D300mm pure copper pipe with a product material of T2 comprises the following steps:
step 1, adopting the outer diameter of a round billet to be 530mm, turning off an oxide layer of the round billet through a lathe, enabling the surface of the round billet to have no defects such as black skin, pits, cracks, impurities and the like, effectively reducing or eliminating the outward folding defect generated in the perforation process of the forged round billet, arranging a through hole in the center of the forged round billet, wherein the diameter of the through hole is 80mm, effectively reducing or perforating the folding defect in the capillary and improving the uniformity of the wall thickness of the capillary, and facilitating the processing of subsequent steps.
And 2, heating the forged round blank with the hole prepared in the step 1 to 820-840 ℃ through an electric furnace, wherein the heating time is 12 hours, the heating speed of the electric furnace is high, the temperature difference in the furnace is small, the control precision is high, the forged round blank with the hole can reach an ideal deformation temperature range in the electric furnace, and the service life of a final product is prolonged. Meanwhile, the electric furnace is far superior to a gas furnace in the aspects of comprehensive energy efficiency and heating quality, is necessary equipment for processing nonferrous metals, and can effectively save resources and improve the product quality.
And 3, performing two times of cross rolling and perforation on the forged round billet with the holes prepared in the step 2, wherein the wall thickness of the tubular billet with the holes punched by the two times of cross rolling is more uniform relative to the wall thickness of the tubular billet with the holes punched by the one time of cross rolling, the specification of the tubular billet after the first time of cross rolling and perforation is D520/D200mm, the specification of the tubular billet after the second time of cross rolling and perforation is D535/D310mm, the tubular billet after the first time of cross rolling and perforation is returned to an electric furnace for heat compensation and preservation, the heating temperature is 820-840 ℃, and the total heating time is 4h. And (5) performing air cooling on the lower line of the hollow billet after the two times of perforation.
And 4, grinding the inside and the outside of the cooled capillary tube to eliminate the defects on the inner surface and the outer surface of the capillary tube, so that the probability of defects generated after the capillary tube is processed by other procedures can be better reduced, and waste products are prevented from being generated.
And step 5, heating the tubular billet prepared in the step 4 to 800-820 ℃ by using an electric furnace for 5 hours, so as to ensure the uniform temperature of the tubular billet and ensure the quality of the copper pipe after periodic rolling.
And 6, periodically rolling the heated tubular billet through a periodic tube rolling mill, wherein the specification of a circumferentially rolled pierced billet is D375/D285mm, reasonable feeding amount is designed according to the section ratio of the tubular billet and a finished product and the material of the product, the feeding amount of the embodiment 1 is 30 mm/period, and the quality and the service life of the finished product can be ensured to reach the optimal balance by controlling the reasonable feeding amount of the circumferentially rolled billet.
And 7, annealing the pierced billet prepared in the step 6 by using an electric furnace, wherein the annealing can reduce the stress in the copper pipe and prevent the copper pipe from generating cracks in the machining process, the annealing temperature set in the embodiment 1 is 520-540 ℃, the heating time is 3h, and the pierced billet is cooled to normal temperature by air after being discharged, so that better machining performance is obtained.
Step 8, straightening the pierced billet prepared in the step 7 by using a roller straightening machine to obtain better straightness of the pierced billet, facilitating subsequent machining of the copper pipe, turning to a machining process, and achieving the final required finished product size by machining (inner boring and outer turning), wherein the finished product specification of the embodiment 1 is D360/300mm, and the tolerance of the outer diameter thereof is as follows: 0 to +2mm; the tolerance of the inner diameter is as follows: -2 to 0mm; surface roughness: 6.3; the design machining allowance is 7.5mm.
Thus, the manufacture and processing of example 1 were completed.
Example 2 production method of phosphorus deoxidized pure copper pipe with D580/D520mm and TP2 product material:
step 1, the outer diameter of the round billet is 680mm, an oxide layer of the round billet is turned by a lathe, so that the surface of the round billet has no defects such as black skin, pits, cracks, impurities and the like, the outward bending defect generated in the perforation process of the forged round billet can be effectively reduced or eradicated, a through hole is formed in the center of the forged round billet, the diameter of the through hole is 120mm, the inward bending defect of the blank pipe can be effectively reduced or radically perforated, the uniformity of the wall thickness of the blank pipe is improved, and the processing of subsequent steps is facilitated.
And 2, heating the round forging blank with holes prepared in the step 1 to 820-840 ℃ through an electric furnace, wherein the heating time is 14 hours, the heating speed of the electric furnace is high, the temperature difference in the furnace is small, the control precision is high, the round forging blank with holes can reach an ideal deformation temperature range in the electric furnace, and the service life of a final product is prolonged. Meanwhile, the electric furnace is far superior to a gas furnace in the aspects of comprehensive energy efficiency and heating quality, is necessary equipment for processing nonferrous metals, and can effectively save resources and improve the product quality.
And 3, carrying out twice inclined roll punching on the forged round blank with the hole prepared in the step 2, wherein the wall thickness of the tubular billet which is punched by twice inclined roll punching is more uniform relative to the wall thickness of the tubular billet which is punched by once inclined roll punching, the specification of the tubular billet after the first inclined roll punching is D670/D260mm, the specification of the tubular billet after the second inclined roll punching is D690/D620mm, the tubular billet which is punched by the first time is returned to an electric furnace for heat compensation and heat preservation, the heating temperature is 820-840 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4h. And (5) performing air cooling on the lower line of the hollow billet after the two times of perforation.
And 4, grinding the inside and the outside of the cooled capillary tube to eliminate the defects on the inner surface and the outer surface of the capillary tube, so that the probability of defects generated after the capillary tube is processed by other procedures can be better reduced, and waste products are prevented from being generated.
And 5, heating the capillary prepared in the step 4 to 800-820 ℃ by using an electric furnace, wherein the heating time is 7 hours, so that the temperature of the capillary is ensured to be uniform, and the quality of the copper tube after periodic rolling is ensured.
And 6, periodically rolling the heated capillary tube by using a periodic tube rolling mill, wherein the specification of a circumferentially rolled pierced billet is D595/D505mm, a reasonable feeding amount is designed according to the section ratio of the capillary tube and a finished product and the material of the product, the feeding amount set in the embodiment 2 is 26 mm/period, and the quality and the service life of the final product can be ensured to be optimally balanced by controlling the reasonable feeding amount of the circumferentially rolled tube.
And 7, annealing the pierced billet prepared in the step 6 by using an electric furnace, wherein the annealing can reduce the stress in the copper pipe and prevent the copper pipe from generating cracks in the machining process, the annealing temperature set in the embodiment 2 is 520-540 ℃, the heating time is 5 hours, and the pierced billet is cooled to normal temperature by air after being discharged, so that better machining performance is obtained.
Step 8, straightening the pierced billet prepared in the step 7 by using a roller straightening machine to obtain better straightness of the pierced billet, facilitating subsequent machining of the copper pipe, turning to a machining process, and achieving the final required finished product size by machining (inner boring and outer turning), wherein the finished product specification of the embodiment 2 is D580/520mm, and the tolerance of the outer diameter thereof is as follows: 0 to +2.5mm; the tolerance of the inner diameter is as follows: -2.5 to 0mm; surface roughness: 6.3; the design machining allowance is 7.5mm.
To this end, the production and processing of example 2 were completed
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art may modify the present invention or modify it into an equivalent technical solution by using the technical solution described above. Therefore, any simple modifications or equivalent replacements made according to the technical solution of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A production method of a large-diameter copper pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing a blank, selecting the blank with a required size, and removing the defects on the outer surface of the blank, wherein a through hole is formed in the center of the blank, and the diameter of the through hole is 80-120mm;
step 2, heating the blank, namely heating the blank prepared in the step 1 to 820-840 ℃ by a heating furnace, wherein the heating time is 10-18h according to the material and the size of the tube blank;
3, performing oblique piercing, namely piercing the blank prepared in the step 2 through a piercing mill, polishing the round blank after piercing, and obtaining a hollow billet;
step 4, the capillary is inspected and polished, and the inner surface and the outer surface of the capillary obtained by punching in the step 3 are inspected and polished to eliminate the defects of the inner surface and the outer surface;
step 5, heating the capillary, namely heating the ground capillary in the step 4 to 800-820 ℃ through a heating furnace, and preserving heat for 4-8 hours after the temperature reaches 800-820 ℃;
step 6, periodically rolling the heated tubular billet in the step 5 through a periodic tube rolling mill, wherein when the periodic tube rolling mill performs rolling operation, the feeding amount per time or per period is 20-50mm, and finally obtaining a pierced billet with a set size;
step 7, annealing, namely annealing the hollow billet prepared in the step 6 by a heating furnace at the annealing temperature of 520-540 ℃, and naturally cooling to the normal temperature after discharging; (ii) a
And 8, machining a finished product, namely straightening the capillary prepared in the step 7 by using a straightening machine, turning and boring the straightened capillary and meeting the size requirement of the finished product.
2. A method for producing a large diameter copper tube as claimed in claim 1 wherein said billet is a round forged billet having an outer diameter of 300-850mm, said round forged billet being a round billet of copper or copper alloy.
3. A method for producing a large-diameter copper pipe according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the blank is greater than 500mm in the step 2, the blank is subjected to cross piercing twice, and the blank pipe subjected to the first cross piercing is subjected to temperature compensation in the second cross piercing, wherein the temperature compensation temperature is 820-840 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 4-5 hours.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210909205.6A CN115228965A (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Production method of large-diameter copper pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210909205.6A CN115228965A (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Production method of large-diameter copper pipe |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115228965A true CN115228965A (en) | 2022-10-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210909205.6A Pending CN115228965A (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Production method of large-diameter copper pipe |
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| CN (1) | CN115228965A (en) |
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- 2022-07-29 CN CN202210909205.6A patent/CN115228965A/en active Pending
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