CN115195346A - Bogie wheel pair for changing track gauge - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a wheel set for a variable-gauge bogie, and relates to the technical field of locomotive production and manufacturing. This be used for gauge-variable bogie wheel pair includes: the inner wall of the axle box beam is provided with a plurality of locking taper grooves arranged along the axial direction of the axle; the axle box front cover is arranged outside the axle end of the axle and connected to the axle box beam; the axle box body is arranged in the axle box beam, the outer wall of the axle box body is provided with a locking frustum, one of the sides, close to each other, of the axle box body and the axle box front cover is provided with a limiting flange, the other side of the axle box body and the axle box front cover is provided with a limiting part, and the limiting flange is used for limiting the limiting part; the sliding mechanism is respectively arranged on the axle box body and the wheels in a penetrating way; the sliding mechanism is configured to drive the wheels and the axle box body to move along the axial direction of the axle, so that the locking frustum is selectively clamped in one of the locking taper grooves to switch between an unlocking mode and a locking mode, and the wheels are used for changing track gauges. This be used for variable gauge bogie wheel pair, bearing effect is good, the good reliability.

Description

Bogie wheel pair for changing track gauge

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of locomotive production and manufacturing, in particular to a wheel pair for a track-pitch-variable bogie.

Background

Because various countries in the world adopt different railway gauge standards, for example, the railway in China is a standard rail with the gauge of 1435mm, the railway in Russia and most countries in east Europe and Central Asia is a wide rail with the gauge of 1520mm. In the process of transnational intermodal transportation, domestic passenger transport and freight transport railway vehicles cannot pass through the wide-rail line from the standard rail line and need to be stopped to replace bogies which meet different rail gauge requirements.

The conventional locomotive wheel pair or motor train unit power wheel pair is formed by assembling wheels and axles together in an interference fit mode, so that the inner side distance of the wheel pair is kept unchanged, and the running requirement of one track distance can be met. When passing through different gauge circuits, need park and go back storehouse and change and just can continue the operation after the bogie that adapts to the new gauge, have manpower, material resources cost-push, it is long consuming time, a great deal of problems such as operating efficiency low.

The existing technology of variable-gauge wheel sets at home and abroad can only be applied to motor train units or passenger locomotives with smaller axle weights and traction forces, and although the structure of the rail-changing mechanism can be designed to be smaller and exquisite so as to reduce the difficulty of spatial arrangement, the high-power and large-axle-weight locomotives have very large load in all directions, and all the rail-changing mechanisms at present can not meet the strength requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

The wheel set for the variable-gauge bogie has the advantages of good bearing effect and good reliability.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pair of bogie wheels for variable gauge comprising an axle, a wheel and an axle-box assembly, the axle passing through the wheel and the axle-box assembly, the axle-box assembly comprising:

the inner wall of the axle box beam is provided with a plurality of locking conical grooves arranged along the axial direction of the axle;

a front axle box cover disposed outside an axle end of the axle and connected to the axle box beam;

the axle box body is arranged in the axle box beam, a locking frustum is arranged on the outer wall of the axle box body, one of the sides, close to each other, of the axle box body and the axle box front cover is provided with a limiting flange, the other side of the axle box body and the axle box front cover is provided with a limiting part, and the limiting flange is used for limiting the limiting part;

the sliding mechanisms are respectively arranged in the axle box body and the wheels in a penetrating manner;

the sliding mechanism is configured to drive the wheels and the axle box body to move along the axial direction of the axle, so that the locking frustum is selectively clamped in one of the locking taper grooves to realize switching between an unlocking mode and a locking mode, and the wheel is used for changing the track gauge.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the limiting bearing is sleeved outside the shaft end of the axle and arranged between the axle and the axle box front cover;

and the shaft end gland is arranged at the end part of the axle, and the shaft end gland and the axle box front cover are respectively abutted against two ends of the limiting bearing along the axial direction of the axle.

In some embodiments, a bearing mount is disposed in the axle box front cover, the bearing mount is in a slotted hole structure, the bearing mount is used for mounting the limit bearing, and the limit bearing is configured to move in the bearing mount along a radial direction of the axle.

In some embodiments, the inner wall of the bearing mounting seat is provided with a vertical rib, and the vertical rib abuts against the outer ring of the limiting bearing and is used for limiting the limiting bearing.

In some of these embodiments, the glide mechanism comprises:

the sliding sleeves are respectively arranged in the axle box body and the wheels in a penetrating manner;

the spline hub is arranged in the sliding sleeve, and the spline hub is sleeved outside the axle and connected with the axle;

and the spline is arranged on the spline hub and arranged between the spline hub and the sliding sleeve.

In some of these embodiments, the end face of the splined hub is used for the stop of the slipping sleeve; or the end surface of the spline is used for limiting the sliding sleeve.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the axle box bearing is sleeved outside the sliding sleeve and arranged between the sliding sleeve and the axle box body;

the bearing gland is arranged at one end, close to the axle box front cover, of the sliding sleeve, and can abut against the axle box bearing and is used for limiting the axle box bearing.

In some embodiments, the skid mechanism comprises a needle assembly comprising:

a needle roller retainer disposed between the axle and the slipping sleeve;

the needle roller body is arranged on the needle roller retainer and is arranged between the needle roller retainer and the sliding sleeve;

and the limiting seat is sleeved outside the axle and arranged between the axle and the needle roller retainer.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

the driven gear is sleeved on the axle and positioned between the two wheels which are arranged oppositely;

the driving mechanism comprises an axle suspension box and a driving source, wherein the axle suspension box is sleeved on the axle, the driving source is arranged on the axle suspension box, the output end of the driving source is provided with a driving gear, and the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear.

In some embodiments, the axle box girder is provided with an axle hole, and the locking cone groove is arranged on the inner wall of the axle hole;

wherein, follow the radial direction of axletree, the shaft hole with be provided with the clearance between the axle box body, the shaft hole is provided with vertical portion, vertical portion is used for the restriction the axle box body rotates.

The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

according to the bogie wheel set for variable gauge provided by the embodiment of the invention, the locking conical grooves are arranged in the axle box beam, the axle box body is arranged in the axle box beam, and the locking frustum is arranged on the outer wall of the axle box body, so that the locking frustum and the locking conical grooves are equivalently locked at the side where the axial beam and the axle box body are close to each other, and the positioning and locking along the axial direction of the axle are realized. Because the axle box roof beam can cooperate with axle box body and glide machanism to transmit the effort along axletree axial direction, can bear the load great, can satisfy the intensity user demand of high-power, big axle load locomotive.

When the locomotive or the vehicle runs, the locking frustum is clamped in the locking taper groove and used for transmitting acting force along the axial direction of the axle to ensure the bearing effect of the wheel; when the track gauge of the locomotive or the vehicle is switched, the sliding mechanism can drive the wheels to move along the axial direction of the axle, so that the wheels are unlocked. At this moment, locking frustum no longer joint in the locking taper groove, the locking frustum breaks away from the locking taper groove, can not realize the transmission along axletree axial direction's effort, realizes the uninstallation effect of wheel, realizes adapting to the demand that the gauge changes under the condition of not stopping to change the bogie, changes manpower, material resources cost that the bogie caused when reducing transnational intermodal transportation, improves operation efficiency.

Set up in the axle head of axletree outside through the axle box protecgulum, the axle box protecgulum plays the effect of carrying out the encapsulation to the axletree tip, connect in axle box roof beam through the axle box protecgulum, the axle box roof beam plays the effect fixed to the axle box protecgulum, through spacing flange and spacing cooperation in axle box and the axle box protecgulum, when the inboard side of wheel apart from when too big, when changing to wide gauge promptly, spacing flange and spacing portion contactless realization are spacing, avoid the condition that the variable gauge in-process arouses wheel slippage or locking because of the wheel sideslip volume is too big, reliability and stability around the assurance variable gauge.

Drawings

For a better understanding of the present disclosure, reference may be made to the embodiments illustrated in the following drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and related elements may be omitted in order to emphasize and clearly illustrate the technical features of the present disclosure. In addition, the relevant elements or components may be arranged differently as is known in the art. Further, in the drawings, like reference characters designate the same or similar parts throughout the several views. The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings.

Wherein:

fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a wheel set for a variable gauge bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of a first wheel set for a variable gauge bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates a second partial cross-sectional view of a pair of variable gauge trucks in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a construction for a variable gauge bogie wheel-centering axle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a wheel for a variable gauge bogie wheel pair according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an axle-hung box for a wheel-centered variable gauge bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a driven gear for a variable gauge bogie wheel pair according to an embodiment of the present invention;

figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a pair of variable gauge trucks according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a center axle box beam for a variable gauge bogie wheel set in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a construction for a variable gauge bogie wheel alignment axle housing in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a construction for a variable gauge bogie wheel centering limit bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of a construction for a variable gauge bogie wheel centering stub cover in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a front cover of an axlebox for a wheel-centered variable gauge bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of an end cap for a wheel centering of a variable gauge bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a first schematic structural view of a wheel centering sleeve for a variable gauge bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a second schematic structural view of a wheel centering sleeve for a variable gauge bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of a splined hub for use in a wheel centering of a variable gauge bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic illustration of the construction of the needle cage and needle body for the wheel centering of a variable gauge bogie in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a wheel centering spacer for a variable gauge bogie according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 20 is a schematic illustration of a configuration for a variable gauge bogie wheel-centered journal box bearing in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 21 shows a schematic of the construction of a wheel centering stub cover for a variable gauge bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:

100. assembling the axle box; 200. an axle; 300. a wheel; 400. a driven gear; 500. axle suspension boxes;

1. a axle box beam; 101. locking the taper groove; 102. a shaft hole; 103. a vertical portion; 104. a first mounting interface; 105. a second mounting interface; 106. a third mounting interface;

2. a shaft box body; 21. locking the frustum; 22. a limiting part; 23. a vertical limit edge;

3. a sliding mechanism; 31. a slipping sleeve; 311. a wheel mounting interface; 312. a bearing mounting interface; 313. a spline groove; 314. a raceway;

32. a splined hub; 33. a spline; 34. a needle roller assembly; 341. a needle roller retainer; 342. a needle rolling body; 343. a limiting seat;

4. an axle box front cover; 41. limiting and blocking edges; 42. a bearing mount; 421. a vertical flange;

5. a limit bearing; 6. a shaft end gland bush; 7. an axle box bearing; 8. a bearing gland; 10. and (4) end covers.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The example embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and it is, therefore, to be understood that various modifications and changes may be made to the example embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

In the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "first", "second", and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more; the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. In particular, reference to "the" object or "an" object is also intended to mean one of many such objects possible.

The terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and encompass, for example, a fixed connection, a removable connection, an integral connection, an electrical connection, or a signal connection; "connected" may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood as a specific case by a person skilled in the art.

Further, in the description of the present disclosure, it is to be understood that the directional words "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc., which are described in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, are described at the angles shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. It will also be understood that, in this context, when an element or feature is referred to as being "on", "under", or "inner", "outer" with respect to another element(s), it can be directly on "," under ", or" inner "," outer "with respect to the other element(s), or indirectly on", "under", or "inner", "outer" with respect to the other element(s) via intervening elements.

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

The embodiment provides a wheel set for a variable-gauge bogie, as shown in fig. 1-5, the wheel set for the variable-gauge bogie comprises an axle 200, a wheel 300 and an axle box assembly 100, the axle 200 is arranged through the wheel 300 and the axle box assembly 100, and the axle box assembly 100 is used for changing the gauge of the wheel 300 along the axial direction of the axle 200 so as to realize the change of the inner side gauge of the wheel set.

It should be particularly noted that the number of the wheels 300 is two, the two wheels 300 are symmetrically disposed at two ends of the axle 200 and are opposite to each other, and the wheels 300 can rotate on the steel rail, so as to drive the locomotive to move forward. The two axle box assemblies 100 are symmetrically arranged at the axle end positions of two sides of the axle 200, do not occupy the space on the inner side of the wheel 300, save occupied space, meet the requirement of the power wheel pair, particularly the requirement of the high-power heavy-duty locomotive wheel 300 on the structural arrangement on the inner side, and meet the requirement of the unpowered wheel pair on track transfer.

It should be particularly noted that the wheel set for the variable gauge bogie adopts the wheel set with synchronously rotating wheel shafts, and the problems that the automatic centering capability of the independently rotating wheels 300 is poor, the eccentric wear of the wheel rims is serious, a guide mechanism needs to be designed and the like are solved, so that the service life of the wheels 300 is prolonged.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6-7, the pair of variable gauge bogie wheels further comprises a driven gear 400 and a driving mechanism, the driven gear 400 is sleeved on the axle 200 and is positioned between two wheels 300 which are arranged opposite to each other. The driving mechanism comprises an axle suspension box 500 and a driving source, the axle suspension box 500 is sleeved on the axle 200, the driving source is arranged on the axle suspension box 500, the output end of the driving source is provided with a driving gear, and the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear 400.

The driving mechanism is fitted around the axle 200, and plays a role in transmitting torque while bearing the weight of the driving source. On axle 200 is located through axle suspension box 500 cover, axle 200 plays the effect fixed to axle suspension box 500, sets up on axle suspension box 500 through the driving source, and axle suspension box 500 plays fixed support's effect for the driving source provides the installation interface. The driving source is a traction motor, a driving gear is arranged at the output end of the driving source and meshed with the driven gear 400, the driving source drives the driving gear to rotate and drives the driven gear 400 to rotate, and the driven gear 400 is mounted on the axle 200 to transmit the output torque of the driving source and drive the wheels 300 to rotate.

It can be understood that the driven gear 400, the driving mechanism and the like can be arranged in the inner space of the wheel 300, the shaft disc braking device and the like of the unpowered wheel pair can also be arranged, the space arrangement is reasonable, the space utilization rate is high, the problem that the inner side structure of the powered wheel pair is tense is solved, and the requirement of rail transfer on the basis that the existing motor suspension mode of the locomotive is not changed can be met. Because the axle box assembly 100 is arranged on the outer side of the wheel 300, the axle box assembly 100 is used as a rail transfer structure and does not interfere with the inner space of the wheel 300, and therefore rail transfer requirements of different suspension modes can be met. The axle box assembly 100 is arranged on the outer side of the wheel 300, so that the requirements of powered and unpowered wheel pairs are met, and the structural arrangement requirements of the wheel pairs of the high-power large-torque heavy-load locomotive are met.

It can be understood that one of the most critical rings for track gauge change of rail transit locomotives or vehicles is the switching of the inner side gauge of the wheel set, and the axle box assembly 100 is one of the most central components for realizing the switching of the inner side gauge of the wheel set and ensuring the accuracy of rail change for the variable-gauge bogie. By using the axle box assembly 100, the problem that the different track gauges of railways of various countries obstruct transnational railway transportation can be solved, namely, the track gauges of railways of other countries are adapted by adjusting the inner side distance of the wheels 300.

The existing track-variable locomotive wheel pair can only be generally suitable for a motor train unit or a passenger locomotive with smaller axle load and traction force, and cannot meet the strength requirement of the existing track-variable locomotive wheel pair due to the fact that the loads of the high-power large-axle-load locomotive in all directions are very large and the loads of the high-power large-axle-load locomotive in all directions are very large.

In order to solve this problem, as shown in fig. 8, the axle box assembly 100 of the present embodiment includes an axle box beam 1, an axle box front cover 4, an axle box body 2, and a sliding mechanism 3, wherein a plurality of locking tapered slots 101 are formed in an inner wall of the axle box beam 1 along an axial direction of an axle 200. The pedestal front 4 is disposed outside the axial end of the axle 200 and is connected to the axle frame 1. The axle box body 2 is arranged in the axle box beam 1, the outer wall of the axle box body 2 is provided with a locking frustum 21, one of the sides, close to each other, of the axle box body 2 and the axle box front cover 4 is provided with a limiting rib 41, the other side is provided with a limiting part 22, and the limiting rib 41 is used for limiting the limiting part 22. The sliding mechanism 3 is respectively arranged on the axle box body 2 and the wheel 300 in a penetrating way. The sliding mechanism 3 is configured to drive the wheel 300 and the axle box body 2 to move along the axial direction of the axle 200, so that the locking frustum 21 is selectively clamped in one of the locking taper grooves 101 to switch between an unlocking mode and a locking mode, and the wheel 300 is used for changing the track gauge.

The variable gauge bogie wheel pair that this embodiment provided is provided with locking taper groove 101 through setting up being provided with in the axle box roof beam 1, and axle box body 2 sets up in axle box roof beam 1, and the outer wall of axle box body 2 is provided with locking frustum 21, is equivalent to and locks through locking frustum 21 and locking taper groove 101 in the one side that axle beam and axle box body 2 are close to each other, plays and fixes a position and the locking along axletree 200 axial direction. Because the axle box beam 1 can be matched with the axle box body 2 and the sliding mechanism 3 to transfer acting force along the axial direction of the axle 200, the bearing load is larger, and the strength use requirements of high-power and large-axle-weight locomotives can be met.

When the locomotive or the vehicle runs, the locking frustum 21 is clamped in the locking taper groove 101 and used for transmitting acting force along the axial direction of the axle 200 and ensuring the bearing effect of the wheel 300; when the track gauge of the locomotive or the vehicle is switched, the sliding mechanism 3 can drive the wheel 300 to move along the axial direction of the axle 200, so that the wheel 300 is unlocked. At this moment, locking frustum 21 no longer joints in locking taper groove 101, and locking frustum 21 breaks away from locking taper groove 101, can not realize transmitting along the effort of axletree 200 axial direction, realizes the uninstallation effect of wheel 300, realizes adapting to the demand that the gauge changes under the condition of not stopping to change the bogie, reduces the manpower, material resources cost that the bogie caused is changed when cross country's intermodal transportation, improves operation efficiency.

It will be appreciated that the number of locking taper slots 101 matches and accommodates the number of gauge tracks. Specifically, if the number of the track gauges is two, the number of the locking taper grooves 101 is also two. The two gauges can be respectively called as a wide gauge and a narrow gauge, and when the two gauges are in the wide gauge, the locking frustum 21 is clamped with the locking taper groove 101 located on the outer side; when the gauge is narrow, the locking cone platform 21 is clamped with the locking cone groove 101 positioned on the inner side.

Because the prior track gauge changing mechanism is generally provided with a complex unlocking or locking device, when the track gauge changing mechanism passes through the ground track gauge changing device, the track gauge changing mechanism can be matched with an unlocking and locking track on the ground track gauge changing device to unlock and lock, the structure is complex, the track gauge changing process is complex, the reliability is poor, the situation of locking and unlocking cannot be frequently caused, the requirement on the ground track gauge changing device is high, and the track gauge changing mechanism becomes a restriction factor for hindering the development of a track gauge changing train.

Therefore, the axle box assembly 100 provided in this embodiment simplifies the rail transfer process into three processes of unloading and unlocking the wheel 300, switching the track gauge, and bearing and locking the wheel 300, which is equivalent to the process of synchronously unlocking the wheel 300 and unloading the wheel 300, and synchronously locking the wheel 300 and the bearing process of the wheel 300, and the whole rail transfer process does not require the arrangement of the unlocking rail and the locking rail in the ground axle box assembly 100, and cancels the complex unlocking and locking procedures in the track gauge transfer process, thereby simplifying the rail transfer process, and saving the design and manufacturing cost of the ground axle box assembly 100.

Since the wheel 300 may be moved excessively during the track-changing process, the wheel 300 may slip or be locked with difficulty. In order to solve this problem, as shown in fig. 8, the axle box assembly 100 of the present embodiment further includes a front axle box cover 4, the front axle box cover 4 is disposed outside an axle end of the axle 200 and connected to the axle box beam 1, one of sides of the axle box body 2 and the front axle box cover 4 close to each other is provided with a limiting rib 41, and the other side is provided with a limiting portion 22, and the limiting rib 41 is used for limiting the limiting portion 22.

Set up in the axle head outside of axletree 200 through axle box protecgulum 4, axle box protecgulum 4 plays the effect of going on encapsulating to axletree 200 tip, connect in axle box roof beam 1 through axle box protecgulum 4, axle box roof beam 1 plays the fixed effect of axle box protecgulum 4, through spacing flange 41 and spacing portion 22's cooperation in axle box 2 and the axle box protecgulum 4, when the inboard distance of wheel 300 is too big, when changing to the wide gauge promptly, spacing flange 41 and spacing portion 22 contact each other and realize spacingly, avoid the condition that causes wheel 300 slippage or locking because of the wheel 300 sideslip volume is too big in the variable gauge in-process, reliability and stability around the assurance gauge change.

In particular, a limit rib 41 is provided on a side of the axle box front cover 4 close to the axle box body 2, and an end cap bolt, that is, the limit portion 22, is provided on a side of the axle box body 2 close to the axle box front cover 4. The arrangement positions and specific structures of the limiting rib 41 and the limiting portion 22 can be adjusted according to actual production conditions, and the limitation along the axial direction of the axle 200 is within the protection range of the embodiment.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the axlebox 1 is one of the primary load bearing members for a variable gauge bogie wheelset, primarily carrying locomotive loads and performing lateral force transfer. The inner ring of the axle box beam 1 is provided with a locking taper groove 101, and the locking taper groove 101 is clamped on the locking taper platform 21 of the axle box body 2, so that the axle box beam 1 and the axle box body 2 are locked and fixed.

The locking taper groove 101 and the locking taper table 21 are of tapered structures, under the matching effect of the locking taper groove 101 and the locking taper table 21, the positioning effect between the axle box beam 1 and the axle box body 2 along the axial direction of the axle 200 is realized, and the axial acting force is transferred in the running process of a locomotive or a vehicle.

It should be noted that a first mounting interface 104 and a second mounting interface 105 are provided on the exterior of the pedestal beam 1, the first mounting interface 104 being used for mounting a primary suspension device, and the second mounting interface 105 being used for mounting a pedestal stay. The first mounting interface 104 can be adjusted according to the parameters and application requirements of the whole locomotive or vehicle, can arrange spring seats on two sides, and can also arrange the spring seats on the top of the axle box beam 1 to form a rotating arm type axle box. The third mounting interface 106 can be arranged outside the axle box girder 1, the third mounting interface 106 is used for mounting a vertical shock absorber, and the vertical shock absorber can be arranged on the axle box front cover 4, so that the structure adjustment is flexible and various, and various axle box types in the market can be replaced at present.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the pedestal girder 1 is provided with a shaft hole 102, and the locking cone groove 101 is provided at an inner wall of the shaft hole 102. Wherein, along the radial direction of the axle 200, a movable gap is provided between the axle hole 102 and the axle box body 2.

The axle hole 102 is provided in the pedestal beam 1, and the axle hole 102 is used for accommodating the axle housing 2 to provide a mounting position for the axle housing 2. A play is provided between the shaft hole 102 and the axle housing 2 in the radial direction of the axle 200 to provide the axle housing 2 with a movable play space. Specifically, when the axle housing 2 moves in the radial direction of the axle 200 and in a direction away from the locking taper groove 101, the locking frustum 21 and the locking taper groove 101 are disengaged from each other to achieve the unloading process of the wheel 300; the axle box body 2 moves in the radial direction of the axle 200 and in the direction close to the locking taper groove 101, so that the locking taper platform 21 and the locking taper groove 101 are engaged with each other, and the bearing process of the wheel 300 is realized.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 8, the shaft hole 102 is provided with a vertical portion 103, and the vertical portion 103 is used for restricting the rotation of the shaft housing 2.

The vertical portion 103 is provided through the shaft hole 102, the shaft hole 102 is not a circular hole structure, and the shaft hole 102 is similar to an oblong hole or a kidney-shaped hole structure. The vertical portion 103 may also be referred to as a vertical gear edge or a force transmission limit stop edge, and mainly has the following functions: firstly, the vertical part 103 plays a limiting role, so that the axle box beam 1 and the axle box body 2 are prevented from rotating relatively; secondly, after the wheels 300 are unlocked, the axle box body 2 is ensured not to rotate, so that the axle box assembly 100 cannot be failed due to phase change of the locking frustum 21 and the corresponding locking cone groove 101, and the reliability of the axle box assembly 100 is ensured; third, during operation of the locomotive or vehicle, forces in the radial direction of the axle 200 are transmitted using the vertical portion 103.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 10, the axle housing 2 is a main load-bearing component for the track-variable bogie wheel set, and mainly bears the load of the locomotive and is a key part for transmitting transverse force, and a locking cone 21 is arranged at the upper part of the outer part of the axle housing 2, and the locking cone 21 and the locking cone groove 101 of the axle box beam 1 are matched with each other to transmit acting force along the axial direction of the axle 200. On the outside of the axle housing 2 there is a stop cooperating with the vertical portion 103 of the axle housing beam 1 for transmitting forces in the radial direction of the axle 200.

It should be particularly noted that a vertical limit edge 23 is further disposed on the outer wall of the axle box body 2, and the vertical limit edge 23 is matched with the vertical portion 103 on the inner side of the axle box beam 1, so as to prevent failure in the rail transfer process, and ensure reliability in the rail transfer process.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and fig. 11-12, the pair of track-variable bogie wheels further comprises a limit bearing 5 and a shaft end cover 6, wherein the limit bearing 5 is sleeved outside the shaft end of the axle 200 and is arranged between the axle 200 and the axle box front cover 4, the shaft end cover 6 is arranged at the end part of the axle 200, and the shaft end cover 6 and the axle box front cover 4 respectively abut against two ends of the limit bearing 5 along the axial direction of the axle 200.

Wherein, the limit bearing 5 is specifically a tapered roller bearing, and the number of the limit bearing 5 is two, that is, two tapered roller bearings are installed at the shaft end of the axle 200. The axle 200 and the axle box front cover 4 are arranged between each other through the limiting bearing 5, the axle box front cover 4 plays a role in installing the limiting bearing 5, and the axle end gland 6 and the axle box front cover 4 are respectively abutted to two ends of the limiting bearing 5 along the axial direction of the axle 200. Under the compression action of the shaft end gland 6 and the axle box front cover 4, the limit of the limit bearing 5 is realized, so that the acting force of the axle box assembly 100 on one side in the axial direction of the axle 200 is transmitted to the axle box assembly 100 on the other side through the axle 200, and the distance between the inner sides of wheel pairs is kept unchanged in the running process of the locomotive. The mechanical structure is utilized to ensure the accurate orbital transfer position, thereby realizing the precision and reliability of the orbital transfer process.

It should be noted that the shaft end cover 6 and the axle 200 can be connected by bolts, that is, the bolts are respectively inserted through the shaft end cover 6 and the axle 200.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 13, a bearing mounting seat 42 is provided in the axle box front cover 4, the bearing mounting seat 42 is of an oblong hole structure, the bearing mounting seat 42 is used for mounting a limit bearing 5, and the limit bearing 5 is configured to move in the radial direction of the axle 200 in the bearing mounting seat 42.

The bearing mounting seat 42 is provided in the axle box front cover 4, and the bearing mounting seat 42 plays a role of mounting the limit bearing 5. Because the axle 200 needs to drive the limit bearing 5 to move in the unlocking and locking processes of the locking frustum 21 and the locking taper groove 101, the bearing mounting seat 42 is of a long circular hole structure, and the long circular hole structure provides a moving space for the limit bearing 5 along the radial direction of the axle 200.

In one embodiment, the inner wall of the bearing mounting seat 42 is provided with a vertical rib 421, and the vertical rib 421 abuts against the outer ring of the limit bearing 5 for limiting the limit bearing 5. When the limit bearing 5 moves up and down along the radial direction of the axle 200, the vertical rib 421 of the inner wall of the bearing mounting seat 42 always contacts with the outer ring of the limit bearing 5, so as to play the role of limiting and stopping.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 14, the pair of bogie wheels for variable track gauge further comprises an end cap 10, wherein the end cap 10 is covered outside the end of the axle 200 and connected to the axle head 4 for protection. The end cover 10 and the axle box front cover 4 may be connected by bolts.

In particular, a first end cap mounting interface is provided at an end face of the end cap 10, and the first end cap mounting interface is used for mounting a grounding device or a shaft end speed sensor.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and fig. 15-17, the sliding mechanism 3 includes a sliding sleeve 31, a spline hub 32 and a spline 33, the sliding sleeve 31 is respectively disposed through the axle housing 2 and the wheel 300, the spline hub 32 is disposed in the sliding sleeve 31, the spline hub 32 is disposed outside the axle 200 and connected thereto, and the spline 33 is disposed on the spline hub 32 and disposed between the spline hub 32 and the sliding sleeve 31.

Wherein, slip sleeve 31 is main slip and torque transmission mechanism, wears to locate wheel 300 through slip sleeve 31, and slip sleeve 31 can drive wheel 300 and remove along the axial direction of axletree 200, realizes the wheel 300 and becomes the rail process. Specifically, a wheel mounting interface 311 is arranged on the outside of the slipping sleeve 31, the wheel mounting interface 311 is used for mounting the wheel 300, the spline hub 32 is sleeved on the outside of the axle 200 and arranged in the slipping sleeve 31, the spline hub 32 plays a role of bearing the spline 33, the spline hub 32 is in interference fit with the axle 200 to ensure a fixing effect between the spline hub 32 and the axle 200, a spline groove 313 is arranged in the spline hub 32, the spline groove 313 is used for accommodating the spline 33, the spline 33 is arranged between the spline hub 32 and the slipping sleeve 31 through the spline 33, and the spline 33 plays a role of transmitting torque in a normal working process and also ensures the smoothness of sliding in a track transfer process.

It should be particularly noted that the spline hub 32 needs to be processed by a special process, so that the spline hub 32 meets the strength requirement, at this time, the axle 200 does not need to be specially reinforced, the processing process is completely the same as that of the existing locomotive axle 200, the spline hub 32 can be replaced in time according to the use condition, the replacement cost is low, the axle 200 does not need to be replaced, and the axle 200 can be used in a full life cycle.

It should be noted that the spline 33 can be replaced by multiple spline forms such as an involute spline and a rectangular spline, and can be integrated with the sliding sleeve 31 as required and be matched with the spline hub 32 for torque transmission, or the spline 33 can be integrated with the spline hub 32 and be matched with the sliding sleeve 31 for torque transmission.

In one embodiment, the end face of the splined hub 32 is used for the limit of the slipping sleeve 31; or, the end surface of the spline 33 is used for limiting the sliding sleeve 31.

It should be noted that when the distance inside the wheel 300 is reduced too much, the sliding sleeve 31 contacts with the end surface of the spline hub 32 to realize the limit function, or the sliding sleeve 31 contacts with the end surface of the spline 33 to realize the limit function. By adopting the mechanical limiting mode, the condition that the track gauge variation of the wheel 300 is smaller in the track gauge changing process is avoided, and the track changing process is more accurate and reliable.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 18, the glide mechanism 3 further includes a needle roller assembly 34, the needle roller assembly 34 including a needle roller cage 341 and a needle roller body 342, the needle roller cage 341 being disposed between the axle 200 and the glide sleeve 31. The needle body 342 is provided on the needle roller holder 341 and between the needle roller holder 341 and the sliding sleeve 31.

It is understood that the needle roller holders 341 and the needle roller bodies 342 are main components between the wheel 300 and the axle 200 that receive loads in the radial direction of the axle 200, such as the mass of each suspension system, the wheel-rail vertical impact force, and the like. With the needle roller cage 341 disposed between the axle 200 and the slipping sleeve 31, the needle roller cage 341 provides a bearing position for the needle roller 342, and accordingly, the raceway 314 is provided inside the slipping sleeve 31 to provide an accommodation space for the needle roller 342. Under the mutual cooperation of the needle roller holder 341 and the needle roller body 342, the needle roller holder can move along with the wheel 300 along the axial direction of the axle 200 during track gauge switching, so that the center of the needle roller holder 341 is always overlapped with the rolling circle of the tread of the wheel 300, the whole needle roller assembly 34 is not subjected to unbalance loading, no clamping stagnation is generated when the wheel 300 slides, and the smoothness of the sliding mechanism 3 in the track changing process is further ensured.

It should be noted that the needle roller assemblies 34 bear loads in the radial direction of the axle 200, and compared with sliding bearings, the needle roller assemblies 34 have strong bearing capacity, small occupied space, and reduced risk of jamming of the wheel 300 during the rail changing process, so as to improve the reliability of rail changing, but according to the technical requirements, in some other embodiments, the needle roller assemblies 34 may be replaced by sliding bearings.

It should be noted that in some other embodiments, the needle roller assembly 34 may be replaced by a needle roller bearing or a sliding bearing.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 19, the needle roller assembly 34 further includes a limiting seat 343, the limiting seat 343 is disposed outside the axle 200 and between the axle 200 and the needle roller holder 341, the limiting seat 343 is mainly used for bearing the load transmitted by the needle roller assembly 34 in the radial direction of the axle 200, one end face of the limiting seat 343 can perform a limiting function when the track gauge is changed, and the other end face can be used for limiting the sealing ring of the axle suspension housing 500 of the locomotive.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 20, the bogie wheel set for variable track gauge further includes an axle box bearing 7, a mounting hole is provided inside the axle box body 2, the axle box bearing 7 is disposed in the mounting hole, the mounting hole provides a mounting position for the axle box bearing 7, the axle box bearing 7 is sleeved outside the slipping sleeve 31 and is disposed between the slipping sleeve 31 and the axle box body 2, and the axle box bearing 7 ensures the smoothness of rotation of the axle 200 during the normal operation of the locomotive.

It should be noted that the journal bearing 7 is an entirely maintenance-free fully-sealed tapered roller bearing, and may also be a double-row cylindrical roller bearing, or other bearings that perform the same load-bearing function.

It should be noted that, a bearing mounting interface 312 is disposed outside the slipping sleeve 31, the bearing mounting interface 312 is used for mounting the axle box bearing 7, and the axle box bearing 7 is press-fitted onto the bearing mounting interface 312 of the slipping sleeve 31 by interference fit, and is used for transmitting the force along the axial direction of the axle 200 and the force along the radial direction of the axle 200, so as to ensure that the axle box body 2 does not rotate with the rotation of the axle 200.

It should be noted that the position of the axle box bearing 7 is fixed when the track gauge is changed, the center line of the axle box bearing 7 is always overlapped with the bearing centers of the axle box body 2 and the axle box beam 1, and the axle box assembly 100 is not unbalanced under various track gauges, so as to ensure the service life and reliability of the axle box bearing 7. In addition, the axle box bearing 7 is relatively easy to select, the existing axle box bearing 7 of the locomotive or the vehicle can be selected, redevelopment is not needed, local materials are used, and the production cost is saved.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 21, the track-variable bogie wheel set further includes a bearing cover 8, the bearing cover 8 is disposed at one end of the sliding sleeve 31 close to the axle box front cover 4, and the bearing cover 8 can abut against the axle box bearing 7 for limiting the axle box bearing 7. The bearing gland 8 is utilized to realize the press mounting and limiting effect on the end part of the axle box bearing 7, and meanwhile, the axle box bearing 7 is ensured to move along with the movement of the sliding sleeve 31.

In one embodiment, the wheel set for the track-variable bogie further comprises a bearing shoe, the bearing shoe is arranged at the lower part of the axle box beam 1, the bearing shoe and the axle box beam 1 are fastened together through bolts, and the bearing shoe mainly plays a role in bearing loads along the radial direction of the axle 200 when the locomotive or the vehicle changes track.

It should be noted that the load shoe can be structurally modified and replaced according to the interface requirements of the ground rail transfer apparatus.

The working process for the variable-gauge bogie wheel set provided by the embodiment is as follows:

1. after the locomotive or the vehicle enters the unloading area of the ground rail transfer device, the bearing shoe arranged at the lower part of the axle box beam 1 is contacted with the bearing rail of the ground rail transfer device, the wheel 300 gradually sinks along the sinking rail of the ground rail transfer device, and all parts except the axle box beam 1 for the variable-gauge bogie wheel pair sink along with the wheel 300. At this time, the locking taper groove 101 of the axle box girder 1 and the locking taper platform 21 of the axle box body 2 are gradually separated until the axle box body 2 is contacted with the lower semi-arc of the inner ring of the axle box girder 1, namely, unloading is completed, at this time, the bearing shoe at the lower part of the axle box girder 1 bears all loads on the vehicle, the wheel 300 is completely unloaded, and the locking taper groove 101 of the axle box girder 1 and the locking taper platform 21 of the axle box body 2 are completely separated, namely, the wheel 300 is completely unlocked while the wheel 300 is unloaded.

2. When the locomotive or the vehicle reaches a rail transfer area, the wheel 300 transversely moves to a fixed track distance under the action of a guide rail, the sliding sleeve 31 drives the axle box bearing 7, the axle box body 2 and the wheel 300 to synchronously move, and the locking cone table 21 of the axle box body 2 moves to the locking cone groove 101 corresponding to the track distance in the axle box beam 1;

in order to prevent the wheel 300 from slipping or being difficult to lock due to the overlarge transverse displacement of the wheel 300 in the track gauge changing process, the invention has a mechanical limiting function, namely when the increased distance of the inner side of the wheel 300 is overlarge, the limiting part 22 of the axle box body 2 is contacted with the limiting flange 41 of the axle box front cover 4 to realize limiting; when the reduction of the inner side distance of the wheel 300 is too large, the end surface of the spline hub 32 is in contact with the sliding sleeve 31, or the end surface of the spline 33 is in contact with the sliding sleeve 31, so that the limiting is realized.

3. When the locomotive or the vehicle reaches a loading area, the tread of the wheel 300 begins to ascend along the ascending rail of the ground rail transfer device, after the locomotive is inert until the bearing shoes are separated from the bearing rails, the wheel 300 ascends and is gradually loaded until the locking cone frustum 21 of the axle box body 2 is completely embedded into the locking cone groove 101 corresponding to the track gauge in the axle box beam 1, and the wheel 300 is synchronously locked while the wheel 300 is loaded.

It is to be noted here that the wheel set for a variable gauge bogie shown in the drawings and described in the present specification is only one example employing the principles of the present invention. It will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that the principles of the present invention are not limited to any of the details or any of the components of the apparatus shown in the drawings or described in the specification.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the present description. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. The foregoing variations and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention. It will be understood that the invention disclosed and defined in this specification extends to all alternative combinations of two or more of the individual features mentioned or evident from the text and/or drawings. All of these different combinations constitute alternative aspects of the present invention. The embodiments described in this specification illustrate the best mode known for carrying out the invention and will enable those skilled in the art to utilize the invention.

Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and example embodiments be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A pair of wheels for a variable gauge bogie, comprising an axle (200), wheels (300) and an axle box assembly (100), said axle (200) passing through said wheels (300) and said axle box assembly (100), characterized in that said axle box assembly (100) comprises:

the axle box beam comprises an axle box beam (1), wherein a plurality of locking taper grooves (101) arranged along the axial direction of the axle (200) are formed in the inner wall of the axle box beam (1);

a front axle box cover (4) that is provided outside the axle end of the axle (200) and is connected to the axle box beam (1);

the axle box body (2) is arranged in the axle box beam (1), a locking frustum (21) is arranged on the outer wall of the axle box body (2), one of the sides, close to each other, of the axle box body (2) and the axle box front cover (4) is provided with a limiting flange (41), the other side is provided with a limiting part (22), and the limiting flange (41) is used for limiting the limiting part (22);

the sliding mechanisms (3) are respectively arranged on the axle box body (2) and the wheels (300) in a penetrating way;

the sliding mechanism (3) is configured to drive the wheel (300) and the axle box body (2) to move along the axial direction of the axle (200), so that the locking frustum (21) is selectively clamped in one of the locking conical grooves (101) to realize switching between an unlocking mode and a locking mode, and the switching is used for changing the track gauge of the wheel (300).

2. The pair of wheels for a variable gauge bogie according to claim 1, further comprising:

the limiting bearing (5) is sleeved outside the shaft end of the axle (200) and is arranged between the axle (200) and the axle box front cover (4);

and the shaft end gland (6) is arranged at the end part of the axle (200), and the shaft end gland (6) and the axle box front cover (4) are respectively abutted against the two ends of the limiting bearing (5) along the axial direction of the axle (200).

3. The pair of wheels for a variable-gauge bogie according to claim 2, characterized in that a bearing mount (42) is provided in the axlebox front cover (4), the bearing mount (42) being of an oblong hole structure, the bearing mount (42) being used for mounting the limit bearing (5), the limit bearing (5) being configured to move within the bearing mount (42) in a radial direction of the axle (200).

4. The pair of wheels for a variable gauge bogie according to claim 3, characterized in that the inner wall of the bearing mount (42) is provided with a vertical rib (421), the vertical rib (421) abutting against the outer ring of the spacing bearing (5) for spacing the spacing bearing (5).

5. The pair of wheels for a variable gauge bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that said skid mechanism (3) comprises:

the sliding sleeves (31) are respectively arranged on the axle box body (2) and the wheels (300) in a penetrating way;

the spline hub (32) is arranged in the sliding sleeve (31), and the spline hub (32) is sleeved outside the axle (200) and connected with the axle;

a spline (33) disposed on the spline hub (32) and disposed between the spline hub (32) and the slip sleeve (31).

6. The pair of wheels for a variable gauge bogie according to claim 5, characterized in that the end face of the splined hub (32) is used for the limit of the slipping sleeve (31); or the like, or a combination thereof,

the end face of the spline (33) is used for limiting the sliding sleeve (31).

7. The pair of wheels for a variable gauge bogie according to claim 5, further comprising:

the axle box bearing (7) is sleeved outside the sliding sleeve (31) and arranged between the sliding sleeve (31) and the axle box body (2);

the bearing gland (8) is arranged at one end, close to the axle box front cover (4), of the sliding sleeve (31), and the bearing gland (8) can abut against the axle box bearing (7) and is used for limiting the axle box bearing (7).

8. The pair of wheels for a variable-gauge bogie according to claim 7, characterized in that the skid mechanism (3) comprises a needle assembly (34), the needle assembly (34) comprising:

a needle roller cage (341) provided between the axle (200) and the slipping sleeve (31);

a needle body (342) provided on the needle roller holder (341) and provided between the needle roller holder (341) and the sliding sleeve (31);

the limiting seat (343) is sleeved outside the axle (200) and arranged between the axle (200) and the needle roller retainer (341).

9. The pair of variable gauge bogie wheels according to claim 1, further comprising:

the driven gear (400) is sleeved on the axle (200) and is positioned between the two wheels (300) which are arranged oppositely;

actuating mechanism, including axle-hang box (500) and driving source, axle-hang box (500) cover is located on axletree (200), the driving source set up in on axle-hang box (500), the output of driving source is provided with the driving gear, the driving gear mesh in driven gear (400).

10. The pair of wheels for a variable gauge bogie according to any of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the axle box beam (1) is provided with an axle hole (102), the locking cone groove (101) being provided on the inner wall of the axle hole (102);

the axle box is characterized in that a movable gap is arranged between the axle hole (102) and the axle box body (2) along the radial direction of the axle (200), the axle hole (102) is provided with a vertical part (103), and the vertical part (103) is used for limiting the axle box body (2) to rotate.

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