CN108909763B

CN108909763B - Axle box for variable-gauge wheel set and variable-gauge bogie

Info

Publication number: CN108909763B
Application number: CN201810732809.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李恒奎; 黄运华; 徐健; 殷奇; 魏家麒
Original assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University; CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Current assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University; CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-07-05
Filing date: 2018-07-05
Publication date: 2020-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-05
Also published as: CN108909763A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of rail vehicle variable track distance, and discloses an axle box for a variable track distance wheel pair, which comprises an axle box body, wherein a channel is arranged in the axle box body along the axial direction of the axle box body, a bearing outer sleeve in sliding fit with the channel and a locking rod for locking or unlocking the bearing outer sleeve are arranged in the channel, and the inner periphery of the bearing outer sleeve is provided with a locking working surface; the locking working surface is provided with a plurality of inner ring grooves at intervals along the axial direction, and is provided with a sliding groove which axially penetrates through the inner ring grooves, the bottom of the shaft box body is provided with a matching hole which is opposite to and matched with the sliding groove in position, the locking rod comprises a locking head and an unlocking head, and the locking head is clamped into the inner ring grooves to lock the bearing outer sleeve relative to the shaft box body; the unlocking head extends out of the sliding groove and the matching hole, and the locking head can leave the inner annular groove under the action of external force, so that the bearing outer sleeve is unlocked relative to the shaft box body. The invention also discloses a track pitch changing bogie. The invention fully utilizes the internal space of the axle box and provides guarantee for the track pitch change of the wheel set.

Description

Axle box for variable-gauge wheel set and variable-gauge bogie

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicle track pitch changing, in particular to an axle box for a track pitch changing wheel pair and a track pitch changing bogie.

Background

With the rapid development of global economy integration, the transnational passenger and cargo transportation is rapidly increased in recent years, but due to different rail gauges of railways of different countries, the transnational railway transportation is seriously hindered. In order to solve the problem that different track gauges of railways of various countries obstruct transnational railway transportation, a variable-gauge train is proposed, namely, when the train runs to railways of other countries, the track gauge of the railways of other countries is adapted by changing the distance between wheels on the wheel pair of the train.

For the track-variable wheel set, a track-variable mechanism needs to be additionally arranged, which puts higher design requirements on the original space in terms of a very compact bogie, and in order to fully utilize the existing space of the bogie, the utilization of the space in the axle box is an optimal choice. However, the conventional axle box structure cannot meet the installation requirements of the track-pitch changing mechanism.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art or the related art.

The invention aims to provide an axle box for a track-variable wheel set, which improves the axle box structure to fully utilize the internal space of the axle box and meet the installation requirement of a track-variable mechanism.

(II) technical scheme

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an axle box for a track-variable wheel pair, which comprises an axle box body, wherein a channel is arranged in the axle box body along the axial direction of the axle box body, a bearing outer sleeve in sliding fit with the channel and a locking rod for locking or unlocking the bearing outer sleeve are arranged in the channel, and a locking working surface is arranged on the inner periphery of the bearing outer sleeve; the locking working surface is provided with a plurality of inner annular grooves at intervals along the axial direction, and is provided with a sliding groove which axially penetrates through the inner annular grooves, the bottom of the shaft box body is provided with a matching hole which is opposite to and matched with the sliding groove in position, the locking rod comprises a locking head and an unlocking head, and the locking head is clamped into the inner annular grooves, so that the bearing outer sleeve is locked relative to the shaft box body; the unlocking head extends out of the sliding groove and the matching hole, and can enable the locking head to leave the inner annular groove under the action of external force, so that the bearing outer sleeve is unlocked relative to the shaft box body.

The axial length of the channel is larger than that of the bearing outer sleeve, and the length larger than that is equal to half of the required variable gauge.

The channel is a round hole matched with the outer surface of the bearing outer sleeve.

The inner circumference of the bearing outer sleeve is provided with an annular positioning boss, and the annular positioning boss divides the inner circumference of the bearing outer sleeve into a press-fitting working surface and a locking working surface;

a bearing assembly and a connecting sleeve are arranged in the bearing outer sleeve, an inner ring of the bearing assembly is pressed on the periphery of the connecting sleeve, and an outer ring of the bearing assembly is pressed on the pressing working surface; the connecting sleeve is used for being fixedly connected with the outer side of the wheel hub of the wheel.

The shaft box body is provided with an outer end cover detachably connected with the shaft box body, and the inner end cover of the shaft box body is provided with a through hole for the connecting sleeve to penetrate through.

The bearing outer sleeve is arranged on one side of the inner end cover facing the shaft box body, and the locking working surface of the bearing outer sleeve is arranged on one side of the outer end cover facing the shaft box body.

The bottom of the shaft box body is provided with a supporting plate, and the supporting plate is coated with wear-resistant materials.

The locking rod comprises a rod body, one end of the rod body is provided with an arc section to form the locking head, the unlocking head is arranged at the other end of the rod body, and the radian and the width of the arc section are matched with those of the inner annular groove; the rod body is followed sliding tray and mating holes wear out in proper order, be equipped with the spring cushion cap on the rod body, lie in on the rod body the spring cushion cap with the cover is equipped with locking spring between the axle box body.

The sliding groove and the matching hole are square, and the width of the sliding groove is equal to that of the rod body.

The distance between the two inner ring grooves is equal to half of the required variable track gauge.

The invention also provides a track-pitch-variable bogie which comprises the axle box for the track-pitch-variable wheel pair; and the variable-gauge wheel pair is arranged on the variable-gauge bogie through the axle box body.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the invention provides an axle box for a track-distance-variable wheel pair, which comprises an axle box body, wherein a channel is arranged in the axle box body along the axial direction of the axle box body, a bearing outer sleeve in sliding fit with the channel and a locking rod for locking or unlocking the bearing outer sleeve are arranged in the channel, and a locking working surface is arranged on the inner periphery of the bearing outer sleeve; the locking working surface is provided with a plurality of inner annular grooves at intervals along the axial direction, and is provided with a sliding groove which axially penetrates through the inner annular grooves, the bottom of the shaft box body is provided with a matching hole which is opposite to and matched with the sliding groove in position, the locking rod comprises a locking head and an unlocking head, and the locking head is clamped into the inner annular grooves, so that the bearing outer sleeve is locked relative to the shaft box body; the unlocking head extends out of the sliding groove and the matching hole, and can enable the locking head to leave the inner annular groove under the action of external force, so that the bearing outer sleeve is unlocked relative to the shaft box body; through this axle box structural design, the space in the make full use of axle box can provide the installation space of matching for bearing overcoat, check lock lever etc. in the variable gauge mechanism, provides the guarantee for the wheel set becomes the gauge, has saved exterior space for the bogie simultaneously, has made things convenient for variable gauge wheel set and bogie installation for overall structure is compacter.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of the mounting relationship between a variable gauge wheel set and an axle box of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a bearing outer sleeve according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the locking lever of the present invention;

in the figure: 1: a wheel; 11: connecting sleeves; 2: an axle; 3: a shaft box body; 4: a bearing housing; 41: an annular positioning boss; 42: an inner ring groove; 43: a sliding groove; 44: locking the working surface; 45: press-fitting the working surface; 5: a bearing assembly; 6: a locking lever; 61: a rod body; 62: a spring bearing platform; 63: a locking spring; 64: a locking head; 65: an unlocking head.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality", and "a plurality" mean two or more unless otherwise specified.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an axle box for a track-variable wheel set, which includes an axle box body 3, a channel is provided in the axle box body 3 along an axial direction thereof, the channel is provided therein for installing a bearing housing 4 in sliding fit therewith and a locking rod 6 for locking or unlocking the bearing housing 4, as shown in fig. 3, an inner circumference of the bearing housing 4 is provided with an annular positioning boss 41, and the annular positioning boss 41 divides the inner circumference of the bearing housing 4 into a press-fitting working surface 45 and a locking working surface 44; a bearing assembly 5 and a connecting sleeve 11 are arranged in the bearing outer sleeve 4, the inner ring of the bearing assembly 5 is pressed on the periphery of the connecting sleeve 11, and the outer ring of the bearing assembly 5 is pressed on the pressing working surface 45; the connecting sleeve 11 is used for being fixedly connected with the outer side of the hub of the wheel 1; the locking working surface 44 is provided with a plurality of inner annular grooves 42 at intervals along the axial direction thereof, and is provided with a sliding groove 43 axially penetrating through the plurality of inner annular grooves 42, the bottom of the shaft box body 3 is provided with a matching hole opposite to and matched with the sliding groove 43, preferably, the shape and size of the matching hole are consistent with those of the sliding groove 43, the locking rod 6 specifically comprises a locking head 64 and an unlocking head 65, the locking head 64 is used for being clamped into the inner annular grooves 42, and the unlocking head 65 extends out of the sliding groove 43 and the matching hole, so that the bearing housing 4 is locked relative to the shaft box body 3; the unlocking head 65 extending out of the sliding groove 43 and the matching hole can enable the locking head 64 to leave the inner annular groove 42 under the action of external force, so that the bearing outer sleeve 4 is unlocked relative to the shaft box body 3; through this axle box 3 structural design, the space in the make full use of axle box 3 can provide installation space and the variable track pitch space of matching for bearing overcoat 4, check lock lever 6 etc. in the variable track pitch mechanism, provides the guarantee for the wheel set becomes the track pitch, has saved the exterior space for the bogie simultaneously, has made things convenient for the variable track pitch wheel to install with the bogie for overall structure is compacter. Specifically, before changing the track gauge, the wheel 1 is kept in a locked state, the unlocking head 65 extends out of the sliding groove 43 and the matching hole, when the track gauge needs to be changed, the unlocking head 65 moves upwards under the action of an external force, preferably an upward thrust force, so that the locking head 64 leaves the inner annular groove 42, at this time, the outward or inward thrust force is applied to the wheel 1, so that the wheel 1, the bearing assembly 5 and the bearing outer sleeve 4 move integrally inward or outward, in the moving process, the sliding groove 43 and the matching hole move relative to the locking rod 6, until the other inner annular groove 42 is reached, the external force is cancelled, the locking head 64 descends and is clamped into the corresponding inner annular groove 42 again to realize locking, the locking head 64 is guaranteed to be switched among the inner annular grooves 42, and therefore the track gauge changing of the wheel 1 is completed, the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.

In order to ensure that the wheels 1 have enough space for changing the track pitch when unlocked, the axial length of the channel is greater than the axial length of the bearing outer sleeve 4, and the greater length is equal to half of the required track pitch, and when the wheels 1 on both sides move by half of the required track pitch, the total moving distance is the required track pitch.

Wherein, the channel is a round hole matched with the outer surface of the bearing outer sleeve 4; the bearing housing 4 is in clearance fit with the axle housing 3, so that the wheel 1, the connecting sleeve 11, the bearing assembly 5 and the bearing housing 4 are tightly connected together, and the whole body can move relative to the axle housing 3. In order to ensure sufficient strength, the connecting sleeve 11 is integrally formed with the hub of the wheel 1 to form an elongated hub. The inner periphery of the hub of the wheel 1 and/or the inner periphery of the connecting sleeve 11 are/is provided with internal splines, that is, the internal splines can be provided only on the inner periphery of the hub of the wheel 1 or only on the inner periphery of the connecting sleeve 11, or the internal splines can be provided on both the inner periphery of the hub of the wheel 1 and the inner periphery of the connecting sleeve 11, in this embodiment, for convenience of arrangement, it is preferable that the inner periphery of the hub of the wheel 1 and the inner periphery of the connecting sleeve 11 are simultaneously provided with an internal spline penetrating both, the two ends of the axle 2 are respectively provided with an external spline matched with the internal spline, the wheel 1 and the axle 2 are connected with the external spline through the internal spline, for transmitting the torque of the rotation of the axle 2 to the wheels 1 on both sides and also facilitating the sliding of the wheels 1 along the axle 2, preferably, external splines are provided on the wheel 1 mounting seats, the length of the mounting seat of the wheel 1 is greater than the length of the lengthened wheel hub, and the lengthening distance is equal to half of the variable gauge; bearing housing 4 is in through bearing assembly 5 pressure equipment respectively the periphery of the adapter sleeve 11 of wheel 1, and is located in the axle box 3 at 2 both ends of axletree, locate locking mechanism in the outside axle box 3 of wheel 1 respectively, the axletree 2 of 1 inside parts of wheel keeps unanimous with traditional axletree 2, leaves sufficient design space for parts such as motor, the gear box of installing on 1 inboard axletree 2 of wheel on the one hand, and on the other hand can keep unanimous with the interface of existing car, and the existing car of being convenient for reforms transform in batches, locking Assembly is used for driving wheel 1 is followed axle box 3's axial displacement or locking to realize wheel 1 and change the gauge, with the gauge transform demand of adaptation difference.

In order to facilitate the installation of components such as a bearing assembly 5, a bearing outer sleeve 4, a locking rod 6 and the like from the outer end of the shaft box body 3, the shaft box body 3 is provided with an outer end cover which is detachably connected with the shaft box body, after all the components are installed in the shaft box body 3, the outer end cover is covered to protect all the components in the shaft box body 3, the inner end cover of the shaft box body 3 is provided with a through hole for the connecting sleeve 11 to pass through, and when the wheel 1 moves, the connecting sleeve 11 moves together.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the press-fitting working surface 45 of the bearing housing 4 is disposed toward one side of the inner end cap of the shaft housing 3, and the locking working surface 44 of the bearing housing 4 is disposed toward one side of the outer end cap of the shaft housing 3, so that after installation, the locking rod 6 is relatively located outside the bearing housing 4, and the bearing assembly 5 is relatively located inside the bearing housing 4, so as to reasonably arrange the space inside the shaft housing 3.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the locking rod 6 includes a rod body 61, one end of the rod body 61 is provided with an arc section to form the locking head 64, the unlocking head 65 is provided at the other end of the rod body 61, and the radian and the width of the arc section are matched with those of the inner annular groove 42; the rod body 61 penetrates out of the sliding groove 43 and the matching hole in sequence, a spring bearing platform 62 is arranged on the rod body 61, and a locking spring 63 is sleeved between the spring bearing platform 62 and the shaft box body 3 on the rod body 61. One end of the locking spring 63 abuts against the lower end of the shaft box body 3, and the other end abuts against the upper surface of the spring bearing platform 62; when the wheel 1 is in a locked state, the locking spring 63 is in a natural precompression state, the locking head 64 is clamped in the corresponding inner annular groove 42 by means of the spring force, the locking of the wheel 1 is realized, when the wheel 1 needs to be unlocked, the unlocking head 65 bears upward acting force, the rod body 61 compresses the locking spring 63 and rises, the locking head 64 leaves the inner annular groove 42, inward or outward thrust is applied to the wheel 1 at the moment, when the wheel 1 moves to the position of the inner annular groove 42 corresponding to the track gauge, the upward acting force of the unlocking head 65 is cancelled, and the inward or outward thrust of the wheel 1 is stopped, at the moment, the locking spring 63 moves downwards under the action of the spring force, so that the rod body 61 is driven to move downwards, the locking head 64 is clamped in the inner annular groove 42 after the track gauge is changed, the locking is carried out again, and the track gauge changing.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the sliding groove 43 and the fitting hole are both square, and the width thereof is equal to the width of the rod body 61. So that the rod body 61 can only move along the length direction of the sliding groove 43 and the matching hole, but not move along the width direction, thereby ensuring that the unlocked and locked wheel 1 and the axle box body 3 do not longitudinally shake. The length of the sliding groove 43 and the fitting hole is equal to half of the varied track pitch plus the thickness of the two locking bars 6. In the embodiment of the invention, in order to ensure that the axle box body 3 has enough wear resistance, a support plate is arranged at the bottom of the axle box body 3, and the support plate is coated with a wear-resistant material.

In the embodiment of the invention, in order to ensure that the bearing outer sleeve 4 and the axle box body 3 have proper lengths, the number of the inner annular grooves 42 is two, the distance between the two inner annular grooves 42 is equal to half of the required track gauge, the structure is simple, the track gauge change is convenient to realize, and of course, more than two inner annular grooves 42 can be arranged according to needs.

The invention also provides a track-pitch-variable bogie which comprises the axle box for the track-pitch-variable wheel pair; the track gauge-variable wheel pair is arranged on the track gauge-variable bogie through the axle box body 3, a connecting sleeve 11 of the wheel 1 extends into the axle box body 3, an inner ring of a bearing assembly 5 is pressed on the periphery of the connecting sleeve 11, an outer ring of the bearing assembly 5 is pressed on a press-fitting working surface 45 of a bearing outer sleeve 4, and the bearing outer sleeve 4 is in clearance fit with the axle box body 3; thereby make full use of the inner space of the axle box body 3, being convenient for the variable gauge wheel pair to be connected with the bogie, and saving the outer space of the bogie.

The working principle and the operation process of the invention are as follows: the vehicle is provided with track gauge conversion when the running speed is not more than 15km/h, and the track gauge is from 1435mm to 1520mm as an example.

In order to realize the track gauge change of the wheel pair, the wheel 1 does not bear any load in the track gauge change process, and the function is realized by supporting the bearing surface of the axle box body 3 on an axle box supporting rail of the ground track changing device, specifically, the axle box supporting rail adopts a roller supporting structure to reduce the abrasion of the bearing surface of the axle box, the unlocking rail is of a lifting rail surface structure, the lifting amount of the unlocking rail is preferably 35mm in the unlocking process, namely, the load of the wheel 1 is borne by the axle box body 3 in the process.

The unloading of the wheel 1 is carried out in a continuous and smooth manner, lowering the standard rail before it breaks, while the load of the wheel 1 is taken up by the axle housing 3.

Once the wheel 1 is unloaded, the unlocking device must realize the unlocking function, and the T-shaped unlocking head 65 at the lower end of the locking rod 6 is matched with the corresponding unlocking rail with the ascending slope, so that the locking rod 6 compresses the locking spring 63 to move upwards to realize the unlocking of the wheel 1 and the axle 2.

The wheel 1 is freed from lateral freedom and the wheel 1 is forced to move to the new gauge in the corresponding sliding center rail, at which point the bearing assembly 5, which is pressed onto the wheel 1, and the bearing housing 4, which is pressed onto the outer race of the bearing, move laterally together with the wheel 1 under the action of the sliding center rail to accommodate the new gauge.

When the wheel 1 is locked, the locking rod 6 moves downwards under the action of the restoring force of the locking spring 63, and the locking head 64 is fitted into the inner annular groove 42 of the bearing outer sleeve 4 where the new gauge is located.

The vehicle continues to move forward with a new wide rail on an ascending incline so that the load is reapplied to wheel 1, the axle box support rail ends, the overall track gauge change is complete, and wheel 1 begins to move forward with a new track gauge of 1520 mm.

The reverse process of transitioning from a larger gauge track to a smaller gauge track is accomplished in the same way.

According to the embodiment, the space in the axle box body is fully utilized, the matched installation space can be provided for the bearing outer sleeve, the locking rod and the like in the track-distance changing mechanism, the track distance of the wheel set is guaranteed, the external space of the bogie is saved, the track-distance changing wheel set and the bogie are conveniently installed, and the integral structure is more compact.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. An axle box for a track-distance-variable wheel pair is characterized by comprising an axle box body, wherein a channel is arranged in the axle box body along the axial direction of the axle box body, a bearing outer sleeve in sliding fit with the channel and a locking rod for locking or unlocking the bearing outer sleeve are arranged in the channel, and a locking working surface is arranged on the inner periphery of the bearing outer sleeve; the locking working surface is provided with a plurality of inner annular grooves at intervals along the axial direction, and is provided with a sliding groove which axially penetrates through the inner annular grooves, the bottom of the shaft box body is provided with a matching hole which is opposite to and matched with the sliding groove in position, the locking rod comprises a locking head and an unlocking head, and the locking head is clamped into the inner annular grooves, so that the bearing outer sleeve is locked relative to the shaft box body; the unlocking head extends out of the sliding groove and the matching hole, and can enable the locking head to leave the inner annular groove under the action of external force, so that the bearing outer sleeve is unlocked relative to the shaft box body; the inner circumference of the bearing outer sleeve is provided with an annular positioning boss which divides the inner circumference of the bearing outer sleeve into a press-fitting working surface and a locking working surface; a bearing assembly and a connecting sleeve are arranged in the bearing outer sleeve, an inner ring of the bearing assembly is pressed on the periphery of the connecting sleeve, and an outer ring of the bearing assembly is pressed on the pressing working surface; the connecting sleeve is used for being fixedly connected with the outer side of the wheel hub of the wheel.

2. The variable-gauge axlebox of claim 1, wherein the channel has an axial length greater than an axial length of the bearing housing and equal to one-half of a desired gauge.

3. The axlebox for a variable gauge wheelset according to claim 1 wherein the passage is a circular hole conforming to an outer surface of the bearing housing.

4. The axle box for a pair of track-varying wheels according to claim 1, wherein the axle box body is provided with an outer end cap detachably connected thereto, and an inner end cap of the axle box body is provided with a through hole for the connection sleeve to pass through.

5. The axle box for a variable-gauge wheel pair according to claim 1, wherein a press-fitting working surface of the bearing housing is disposed toward a side of an inner end cap of the axle box body, and a locking working surface of the bearing housing is disposed toward a side of an outer end cap of the axle box body.

6. The axlebox for a variable gauge wheelset according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the axlebox body is provided with a support plate coated with a wear resistant material.

7. The axlebox for variable-gauge wheelsets according to any of claims 1-6, wherein the locking bar comprises a bar body, one end of which is provided with an arc segment forming the locking head, and the other end of which is provided with an unlocking head, the arc segment having an arc degree and a width matching the inner annular groove; the rod body is followed sliding tray and mating holes wear out in proper order, be equipped with the spring cushion cap on the rod body, lie in on the rod body the spring cushion cap with the cover is equipped with locking spring between the axle box body.

8. The axlebox for a variable-gauge wheelset according to claim 7, wherein the sliding slot and the mating hole are each square and have a width equal to the width of the rod body.

9. The axlebox for variable-gauge wheelsets according to claim 7, characterized in that said inner annular grooves comprise two, the distance between two of said inner annular grooves being equal to half the required variable gauge.

10. A track-changing bogie comprising a variable-track wheelset axlebox according to any one of claims 1 to 9; and the variable-gauge wheel pair is arranged on the variable-gauge bogie through the axle box body.