CN115191343A - Method for producing seeds of hybrid pepper variety - Google Patents

Method for producing seeds of hybrid pepper variety Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115191343A
CN115191343A CN202210829791.3A CN202210829791A CN115191343A CN 115191343 A CN115191343 A CN 115191343A CN 202210829791 A CN202210829791 A CN 202210829791A CN 115191343 A CN115191343 A CN 115191343A
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China
Prior art keywords
seeds
peppers
pepper
dried
steps
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Application number
CN202210829791.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张尊沛
霍子壮
卢鹏
卢国强
许展
卢旭
王传涛
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Xuzhou Yuanbo Pepper Industry Technology Research Institute Co ltd
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Xuzhou Yuanbo Pepper Industry Technology Research Institute Co ltd
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Application filed by Xuzhou Yuanbo Pepper Industry Technology Research Institute Co ltd filed Critical Xuzhou Yuanbo Pepper Industry Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Priority to CN202210829791.3A priority Critical patent/CN115191343A/en
Publication of CN115191343A publication Critical patent/CN115191343A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/02Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing seeds of hybrid pepper varieties, which relates to the technical field of pepper breeding and comprises the following steps of firstly, screening fruits, picking mature peppers, secondly, collecting seeds, splitting dried peppers, collecting seeds in the peppers, thirdly, producing seeds, and carrying out hybrid breeding on the dried seeds. According to the invention, the selected high-quality peppers are dried, and the peppers with defects or insect eyes are removed, so that the high-quality rate of the selected peppers can be ensured, meanwhile, the high-quality pepper seeds are cultured in a classified manner, the plants with different heights can be ensured to be hybridized, and the water and nutrition can be controlled in the culture process of the high-quality seeds, so that the adaptability of the seedlings to the environment after field planting can be improved, and the plants are watered periodically, so that the plants can grow stably, and the condition that the plants are waterlogged or over-drought is avoided.

Description

Method for producing seeds of hybrid pepper variety
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pepper breeding, in particular to a method for producing seeds of a hybrid pepper variety.
Background
Pepper, a herbaceous plant of the genus capsicum of the family solanaceae, is generally cultivated in various countries around the world, the stem of the pepper is nearly hairless or micro-hair-softening, the leaves are intergrowth, the top nodes of the branches are not elongated to form a geminate or cluster shape, the top ends of the branches are in a rectangular round shape, an oval shape or an oval shape and are in a needle shape, and the top ends of the branches are short and gradually sharp or sharp; the root part is narrow wedge-shaped, the flower is single, the calyx is cupped, the corolla is white, the anther is grayish purple, the fruit stem is thicker, the fruit is long finger-shaped, the seed is flat kidney-shaped, and the color is faint yellow. The pepper has strict requirements on the moisture of the conditions, is neither drought-resistant nor waterlogging-resistant, and is liked to be in drier air conditions, annual or limited perennial plants with the height of 40-80 cm. The stem is nearly hairless or slightly velvety, and the branches are slightly bent in a zigzag manner. The leaves are intergrown, the top nodes of the branches do not extend to form a twining or cluster shape, the rectangular round oval shape, the oval shape or the oval shape are in a needle shape, the length is 4-13 cm, the width is 1.5-4 cm, the whole edge is short, tapered or sharp at the top end, the base part is in a narrow wedge shape, the leaf stem is 4-7 cm in length, the flower is single-grown, the flower is prolapsed, the flower is cupped, and 5 teeth are not significant; white corolla, split flake, oval, purple anther, thick fruit stem, prolapsing, long finger-like fruit, tapered and often curved top, green when immature, red, orange or purplish red after mature, spicy taste. The following problems exist in the prior art:
during the seed production process of the pepper variety, the growth process of the pepper cannot be controlled, so that the situation that the pepper plant is easy to necrose during the growth process is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for producing seeds of hybrid pepper varieties comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and (4) screening fruits, and picking the mature peppers.
Step two: collecting seeds, splitting the dried peppers, and collecting the seeds in the peppers.
Step three: and (4) seed production, namely carrying out hybrid cultivation on the dried seeds.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the first step, picked peppers are dried, the shapes of the surfaces of the peppers are detected, the peppers with defects or wormholes are removed, the peppers are arranged and placed in the sun, and the drying time is 6-8 hours, so that the peppers are dried.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the seed collection in the second step comprises the following steps:
a: the surface of the seed is cleaned.
B: and screening the plumpness of the seeds, removing defective particles in the seeds, and collecting the residual plumpness particles.
C: classifying the collected screened seeds, and classifying according to different sizes of the seeds so as to classify and package the classified seeds.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the hybridization cultivation in the third step comprises the following steps:
d: and (5) seedling raising of seeds.
E: and (5) separating the seedlings of the seeds.
F: and (4) collecting seeds.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the seed seedling raising further comprises the following steps:
d1: spreading a paper towel or gauze on the bottom of the culture dish, placing the seeds on the paper towel or gauze, adding purified water into the culture dish, wherein the water level is higher than the height of the seeds, soaking for 7-9h, covering the surface of the culture dish with a plastic film, and keeping the interior of the film at 26-30 ℃.
D2: and (3) fishing out the seeds in the culture dish, putting the seeds in a 10% trisodium phosphate solution, killing viruses, taking out the seeds after 20-25 minutes, washing the seeds for a plurality of times by using clear water until the seed coats are not greasy by holding, and accelerating germination.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the seed seedling separation further comprises the following steps:
e1: the seeds are classified, sowed on a soft disk, a layer of coconut residue or fine soil with the thickness of about 0.5 cm is covered after sowing, then the surface of the soil is covered with crushed straws with the length of about one inch, and finally a sun-shading net or a plastic mulching film is covered.
E2: after seedlings emerge, all covering objects are uncovered, light irradiation and sun drying are increased, watering is controlled, humidity is reduced, root systems of the seedlings are promoted to deeply prick downwards, water is sprayed once every day, 0.1% -0.2% of Norway compound fertilizer nutrient solution can be sprayed for 2-3 times in combination with water spraying, water and nutrition control are started after 20 days, adaptability to the environment after seedling planting is improved, the seedling returning green time is shortened, the seedling transplanting and planting are carried out after about 25 days, and when 6 true leaves grow on the seedlings.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the seed collection further comprises the following steps:
f1: after the pepper seedlings are normally transplanted, daily water and fertilizer management is carried out, meanwhile, plant diseases and insect pests are prevented, and the pepper plants are subjected to hybridization cultivation.
F2: after the pepper plants are fruited, the peppers are picked, the picked peppers are dried in the sun, and the seeds in the air-dried peppers are taken out and collected.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical progress that:
through carrying out the drying to the high-quality hot pepper of choosing, the hot pepper that has the defect or wormhole of appearance is got rid of, thereby can guarantee the high-quality rate of seed selection hot pepper, carry out categorised cultivation to high-quality hot pepper seed simultaneously, can ensure to hybridize between the plant of co-altitude not, through carrying out accuse water, accuse nutrition in cultivating the in-process to high-quality seed, thereby can improve the adaptability to the environment after the seedling field planting, and carry out periodic watering to the plant, thereby can make the plant can grow steadily, avoid the plant to appear the condition of waterlogging or drought, through the daily management to the hot pepper plant, can ensure that the plant after the pollination can the back fruit of hanging, and air-dry to the hot pepper, and collect air-dried seed.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples: the invention provides a method for producing seeds of hybrid pepper varieties, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: screening fruits, and picking mature peppers;
step two: collecting seeds, splitting the dried peppers, and collecting the seeds in the peppers;
step three: and (4) seed production, namely carrying out hybrid cultivation on the dried seeds.
The method comprises the following steps of drying picked peppers, detecting the shape of the surface of the peppers, removing the peppers with defects or bugles, arranging the peppers, placing the peppers in the sun, and drying for 6-8 hours.
The seed collection in the second step comprises the following steps:
a: cleaning the surface of the seeds;
b: screening the plumpness of the seeds, removing defective particles in the seeds, and collecting the residual plumpness particles;
c: the seed after the screening of collecting is categorised, classifies according to the volume variation of seed to classifying the seed after categorised and packing through drying the high-quality hot pepper of choosing, getting rid of the hot pepper that appears the defect or have the insect eye, thereby can guaranteeing the high-quality rate of kind hot pepper, classifying the cultivation to high-quality hot pepper seed simultaneously, can ensure to carry out the hybridization between the plant of co-altitude not.
Example 1
The hybridization cultivation in the third step comprises the following steps:
d: raising seedlings of seeds;
e: separating the seeds;
f: and (4) collecting seeds.
The seed seedling raising further comprises the following steps:
d1: spreading a paper towel or gauze on the bottom of the culture dish, placing the seeds on the paper towel or gauze, adding purified water into the culture dish, wherein the water level is higher than the height of the seeds, soaking for 7-9h, covering the surface of the culture dish with a plastic film, and keeping the interior of the film at 26-30 ℃.
D2: and (3) fishing out the seeds in the culture dish, putting the seeds in a 10% trisodium phosphate solution, killing viruses, taking out the seeds after 20-25 minutes, washing the seeds for a plurality of times by using clear water until the seed coats are not greasy by holding, and accelerating germination.
The seed seedling separation further comprises the following steps:
e1: classifying seeds, sowing on soft disk, covering a layer of coconut dregs (about 0.5 cm) or fine soil, covering with one inch of broken rice straw, and covering with sun-shading net or plastic film.
E2: after seedlings emerge, all covering objects are uncovered, light sunshine is increased, watering is controlled simultaneously, humidity is reduced, root systems of the seedlings are promoted to deeply prick downwards, water spraying is carried out once every day, 0.1% -0.2% Norway compound fertilizer nutrient solution can be sprayed for 2-3 times in combination with water spraying, water and nutrient control are started after 20 days, adaptability of the seedlings to the environment after field planting is improved, seedling returning green returning time is shortened, transplanting and planting are carried out when 6 true leaves grow on the seedlings, water and nutrient control are carried out in the cultivation process through high-quality seeds, accordingly, adaptability of the seedlings to the environment after field planting can be improved, the plants are watered periodically, accordingly, the plants can stably grow, and the situation that waterlogging or drought occurs to the plants is avoided.
Example 2
The seed collection further comprises the following steps:
f1: after the pepper seedlings are normally transplanted, daily water and fertilizer management is carried out, meanwhile, plant diseases and insect pests are prevented, and the pepper plants are subjected to hybridization cultivation.
F2: after the pepper plant is hung, the pepper is picked, the picked pepper is dried in the sun, seeds in the air-dried pepper are taken out and collected, the plant after pollination can be ensured to be hung after fruits are hung through daily management of the pepper plant, the pepper is air-dried, and the air-dried seeds are collected.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through carrying out the drying to the high-quality hot pepper of choosing, the hot pepper to appearance defect or there is the insect eye gets rid of, thereby can guarantee the high-quality rate of selective sort hot pepper, carry out categorised cultivation to high-quality hot pepper seed simultaneously, can ensure to hybridize between the plant of co-altitude not, through carrying out accuse water at the cultivation in-process to high-quality seed, accuse nutrition, thereby can improve the adaptability to the environment after the seedling field planting, and carry out periodic watering to the plant, thereby can make the plant grow steadily, avoid the plant the condition that waterlogging or drought appears, through the daily management to the hot pepper plant, can ensure that the plant after the pollination can the back string fruit, and air-dry the hot pepper, and collect air-dried seed.
The present invention has been described in general terms in the foregoing, but it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the present invention. Therefore, modifications or improvements are within the scope of the invention without departing from the spirit of the inventive concept.

Claims (7)

1. A method for producing seeds of hybrid pepper varieties is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: screening fruits, and picking mature peppers;
step two: collecting seeds, splitting the dried peppers, and collecting the seeds in the peppers;
step three: and (4) seed production, namely carrying out hybrid cultivation on the dried seeds.
2. The method for producing seeds of a hybrid pepper variety as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the picked peppers are dried, the shapes of the surfaces of the peppers are detected, the peppers with defects or insect eyes are removed, the peppers are arranged and placed in the sun, and the drying time is 6-8 hours.
3. The method for producing seeds of a hybrid pepper variety as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the seed collection in the second step comprises the following steps:
a: cleaning the surface of the seeds;
b: screening the plumpness of the seeds, removing defective particles in the seeds, and collecting the residual plumpness particles;
c: classifying the collected screened seeds, and classifying according to the size difference of the seeds so as to classify and package the classified seeds.
4. The method for producing seeds of a hybrid pepper variety as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hybridization cultivation in the third step comprises the following steps:
d: raising seedlings of seeds;
e: separating the seeds;
f: and (5) collecting seeds.
5. The method for producing seeds of a hybrid pepper variety as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the seed seedling raising further comprises the following steps:
d1: paving a paper towel or gauze at the bottom of the culture dish, placing the seeds on the paper towel or gauze, adding purified water into the culture dish, enabling the height of the added water level to exceed the height of the seeds, soaking for 7-9h, covering the surface of the culture dish with a plastic film, and keeping the interior of the film at 26-30 ℃;
d2: and (3) fishing out the seeds in the culture dish, putting the seeds in a 10% trisodium phosphate solution, killing viruses, taking out the seeds after 20-25 minutes, washing the seeds for a plurality of times by using clear water until the seed coats are not greasy by holding, and accelerating germination.
6. The method for producing seeds of a hybrid pepper variety as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the seed seedling separation further comprises the following steps:
e1: classifying seeds, sowing on a soft disk, covering a layer of coconut residue or fine soil of about 0.5 cm after sowing, covering the surface of the soil with crushed straws of about one inch long, and finally covering a sunshade net or a plastic mulching film;
e2: after the seedlings emerge, all the covering materials are uncovered, the light irradiation and the sunshine are increased, the watering is controlled, the humidity is reduced, the downward deep pricking of the root systems of the seedlings is promoted, the water spraying is carried out once every day, 0.1% -0.2% of Norway compound fertilizer nutrient solution can be sprayed for 2-3 times in combination with the water spraying, the water control and the nutrient control are started after 20 days, the adaptability to the environment after the seedling planting is improved, the seedling returning and green returning time is shortened, the transplanting and the planting are carried out after about 25 days, and when the seedlings grow 6 true leaves.
7. The method for producing seeds of a hybrid pepper variety as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the seed collection further comprises the following steps:
f1: after the pepper seedlings are normally transplanted, performing daily water and fertilizer management, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, and performing hybrid cultivation on pepper plants;
f2: after the pepper plants are fruited, the peppers are picked, the picked peppers are dried in the sun, and seeds in the air-dried peppers are taken out and collected.
CN202210829791.3A 2022-07-14 2022-07-14 Method for producing seeds of hybrid pepper variety Pending CN115191343A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105309163A (en) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-10 李忠久 Chili planting method
CN106212003A (en) * 2016-07-29 2016-12-14 陈丽丽 A kind of implantation methods of potted plant Fructus Capsici
CN106212004A (en) * 2016-07-29 2016-12-14 陈丽丽 A kind of implantation methods of Fructus Capsici
US20200008386A1 (en) * 2018-07-03 2020-01-09 Rijk Zwaan Zaadteelt En Zaadhandel B.V. Hybrid pepper variety 35-1145 rz
CN111226774A (en) * 2020-03-31 2020-06-05 赤峰和润农业高新科技产业开发有限公司 Pepper cultivation method for solar greenhouse in northern cold area
CN113785741A (en) * 2021-11-18 2021-12-14 山东寿光蔬菜种业集团有限公司 Seed production method for pepper breeding

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105309163A (en) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-10 李忠久 Chili planting method
CN106212003A (en) * 2016-07-29 2016-12-14 陈丽丽 A kind of implantation methods of potted plant Fructus Capsici
CN106212004A (en) * 2016-07-29 2016-12-14 陈丽丽 A kind of implantation methods of Fructus Capsici
US20200008386A1 (en) * 2018-07-03 2020-01-09 Rijk Zwaan Zaadteelt En Zaadhandel B.V. Hybrid pepper variety 35-1145 rz
CN111226774A (en) * 2020-03-31 2020-06-05 赤峰和润农业高新科技产业开发有限公司 Pepper cultivation method for solar greenhouse in northern cold area
CN113785741A (en) * 2021-11-18 2021-12-14 山东寿光蔬菜种业集团有限公司 Seed production method for pepper breeding

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山春;: "浅谈辣椒大棚杂交制种技术" *
李凤霞: "温室辣椒杂交育种技术" *
陆松静: "设施栽培辣椒病毒病以农业措施为主的综合防治技术" *

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Application publication date: 20221018