CN115181151A - 一种鸡胆中提取鹅去氧胆酸的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种鸡胆中高收率提取鹅去氧胆酸的方法。本方法的基本特征在于，其鸡胆汁通过酰胺键水解酶，在1‑2h内基本完全水解TCDCA成CDCA；通过少量片碱水解蛋白质；然后通过溶剂萃取CDCA，再成盐，将胆汁中的大部分胆酸类物质全部分离。其水解速度快、彻底、提取率高、操作简单、污染小，适合于工业化。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域，涉及从鸡胆中提取鹅去氧胆酸的新方法
背景技术
鹅去氧胆酸(CDCA)，中文名：鹅去氧胆酸，英文名Chenodeoxycholic acid。化学名：3α,7 α-二羟基-5β-胆烷酸。其结构如下：
鹅去氧胆酸(CDCA)主要作用是降低胆汁内胆固醇的饱和度，也是熊去氧胆酸(UDCA)合成的主要原料，鹅去氧胆酸目前主要来源是从鸡胆、鸭蛋、猪胆中提取，在鸡胆胆汁中CDCA 主要以和甘氨酸结合形式纯在。
发明内容
本发明另一方面，提供了一种从鸡胆中提取鹅去氧胆酸的新方法。
本发明包含以下内容：
鸡胆——>鸡胆汁——>酶解——>碱解——>萃取——>成盐
本发明中所述的鸡胆为新鲜鸡胆或冷冻鸡胆。
本发明中所述的酶解中酶为专属性的酰胺水解酶、酶添加量为胆汁的0.5-1.0％，反应pH在 4.0-6.0之间，反应温度在25-45℃之间，反应时间1-5h，调节pH的酸为稀硫酸、磷酸、洗盐酸或浓盐酸。优选酶添加量0.6％，反应pH在5.0-5.5之间，反应温度为30-35℃，反应时间为2h，pH调节优选浓盐酸。
本发明中所述的碱解中碱为NaOH、KOH，温度80-120℃，水解时间为4-14h。优选NaOH，反应温度95℃，碱量为胆汁重量的2％，水解时间优选8h。
本发明中所述的萃取所用溶剂为乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸异丙酯、甲基异丁基酮、戊酮，酸化用硫酸、磷酸、稀盐酸或浓盐酸。优选溶剂为乙酸乙酯，酸化优选浓盐酸或磷酸。
本发明中所述的成盐中所用的溶剂为乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸异丙酯、甲基异丁基酮、戊酮、丙酮，有机胺为仲丁胺、叔丁胺、乙二胺、三乙醇胺，析晶时间1-4h；有机胺的添加量为胆汁质量的1.0％-2.0％。优选溶剂为乙酸乙酯，有机胺为仲丁胺，析晶时间2h，胺用量为胆汁质量的的1.6％。
附图说明：
图1为实施例1中酶水解液RID图谱；
图2为实施例2中酶水解液RID图谱；
图3为实施例1中成品胺盐RID图谱；
图4为实施例2中成品胺盐RID图谱。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域技术人员可以更好地理解本发明，以下通过具体实施例对本发明技术方案进行进一步说明。需要理解的是，下属实施例只为更好地说明本发明而给出，并不是对本发明内容的限制。
实施例1：
取冷冻鸡胆500g，切碎，加热至70℃解冻，过滤胆皮，胆汁降温至30℃，用浓盐酸调节pH至5.0，保持温度30-35℃，加入水解酶2.5g，继续调节pH保持在5.0-5.5，反应1h，检测转化率，其酶水解液RID图谱如图1。继续保温反应1h，用盐酸调节pH至2-3，静置，分去上层水，下层泥状物加入12.5g片碱，升温至95℃，反应8h。降温，加入500ml乙酸乙酯，继续加入浓盐酸，调节pH至3-4，萃取2h，静置，分去水相，有机相加入9g仲丁胺，搅拌析晶2h。过滤，烘干，得粗鹅去氧胆酸胺盐25.1g，鹅去氧胆酸提取率92.3％，RID检测，其成品胺盐RID图谱如图3。
实施例2：
取冷冻鸡胆10kg，切碎，加热至70℃解冻，过滤胆皮，胆汁降温至30℃，用浓盐酸调节pH 至5.0，保持温度30-35℃，加入水解酶50g，继续调节pH保持在5.0-5.5，反应1h，检测转化率，其酶水解液RID图谱如图2，继续保温反应1h，用盐酸调节pH至2-3，静置，分去上层水，下层泥状物加入200g片碱，升温至100℃，反应8h，降温，加入10000ml乙酸乙酯，继续加入浓盐酸，调节pH至3-4，萃取2h，静置，分去水相，有机相加入160g叔丁胺，搅拌析晶2h。过滤，烘干，得粗鹅去氧胆酸胺盐537g，鹅去氧胆酸提取率98.4％，RID检测，其成品胺盐RID图谱如图4。
实施例3：
取鲜鸡胆500g，放出胆汁，胆汁加热至30℃，用浓盐酸调节pH至5.0，保持温度30-35℃，加入水解酶2.5g，继续调节pH保持在5.0-5.5，反应1h，继续保温反应1h，用盐酸调节pH 至2-3，静置，分去上层水，下层泥状物加入12.5g片碱，升温至95℃，反应8h，降温，加入500ml 2-戊酮，继续加入浓盐酸，调节pH至3-4，萃取2h，静置，分去水相，有机相加入 9g仲丁胺，搅拌析晶2h。过滤，烘干，得淡黄色鹅去氧胆酸胺盐粗品36g，鹅去氧胆酸提取率97.8％。
Claims (8)
1.一种鸡胆中提取鹅去氧胆酸的方法，其基本特征在于，其鸡胆汁通过酶水解，通过少量片碱碱解，然后通过溶剂萃取CDCA，再成胺盐。
2.如权利要求1所述的酶水解过程为，将胆汁调节pH和温度，加入适量的水解酶，水解过程用酸调节pH，至反应结束。
3.上述权利要求中所述的酶解其基本特征在于，酶添加量为胆汁的0.5-1.0％，反应pH在4.0-6.0之间，反应温度在25-45℃之间，反应时间1-5h。
4.如权利要求1所述的碱解过程是将酶解结束后的胆汁静置，下层胆酸加入碱，高温水解。
5.上述权利要求中所述的碱为NaOH、KOH，水解温度为80-120℃，水解时间为4-14h。
6.权利要求1所述萃取所用的溶剂为乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸异丙酯、甲基异丁基酮、戊酮，所用溶剂倍数为1-5倍。
7.权利要求1所述的胺盐制备过程方法为，在溶解了胆酸的溶剂中，加入一定比例的有机胺，搅拌析晶，过滤。
8.上述权利要求中所述的有机胺为叔丁胺、仲丁胺、三乙醇胺、二乙胺等；成盐用溶剂为乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸异丙酯、甲基异丁基酮、丙酮、戊酮、丁酮；析晶时间1-4h；有机胺的添加量为胆汁质量的1.0％-2.0％。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4277408A (en) * | 1978-12-11 | 1981-07-07 | Roussel Uclaf | Novel purification process |
| CN111334553A (zh) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-26 | 山东中京生物科技有限公司 | 一种酶法胆膏生产工艺 |
| CN112062802A (zh) * | 2019-06-11 | 2020-12-11 | 四川澄华生物科技有限公司 | 鹅去氧胆酸乙酸丁酯提取液和制备方法、以及鹅去氧胆酸铵盐和鹅去氧胆酸的制备方法 |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4277408A (en) * | 1978-12-11 | 1981-07-07 | Roussel Uclaf | Novel purification process |
| CN112062802A (zh) * | 2019-06-11 | 2020-12-11 | 四川澄华生物科技有限公司 | 鹅去氧胆酸乙酸丁酯提取液和制备方法、以及鹅去氧胆酸铵盐和鹅去氧胆酸的制备方法 |
| CN111334553A (zh) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-26 | 山东中京生物科技有限公司 | 一种酶法胆膏生产工艺 |
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