CN115178753A - Crack suppression device and method - Google Patents

Crack suppression device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115178753A
CN115178753A CN202210847171.2A CN202210847171A CN115178753A CN 115178753 A CN115178753 A CN 115178753A CN 202210847171 A CN202210847171 A CN 202210847171A CN 115178753 A CN115178753 A CN 115178753A
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blank
processed
heating coil
additive
temperature
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
兰博
方爽
于秋颖
林莺莺
张学军
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AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials
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AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials
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Priority to CN202210847171.2A priority Critical patent/CN115178753A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/50—Treatment of workpieces or articles during build-up, e.g. treatments applied to fused layers during build-up
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
    • B22F12/13—Auxiliary heating means to preheat the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
    • B22F12/37—Rotatable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/70—Gas flow means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/80—Plants, production lines or modules
    • B22F12/88—Handling of additively manufactured products, e.g. by robots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/04—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of turbine blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a crack inhibiting device and method, wherein the crack inhibiting device comprises: a chamber filled with an inert gas; the rotary driving end of the rotary driving component is used for connecting a blank to be processed; the heating coil is detachably arranged in the cavity, a part to be formed of the blank to be processed is arranged in the heating coil, and the heating coil surrounds a part of the part to be formed along the circumferential direction of the blank to be processed; and the additive material outlet of the additive material piece is opposite to the part of the part to be formed, which is not surrounded by the heating coil. According to the invention, in the process of additive forming of the blank to be processed, the blank to be processed is heated by the heating coil all the time, and the blank to be processed is in a rotating state, so that all areas of the blank to be processed are heated uniformly all the time in the process of additive forming, the temperature gradient in the additive manufacturing process is reduced, the generation and superposition of residual stress in the forming process are reduced, and the generation of large-size cracks is inhibited.

Description

Crack suppression device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a device and a method for inhibiting cracks.
Background
The titanium alloy blisk is a novel structural component of a modern aircraft engine compressor part, and a tenon, a mortise and a locking device adopted in a traditional connection mode are omitted, so that the structural quality is reduced, the number of parts is reduced, the air flow loss of the tenon is avoided, and the thrust-weight ratio and the reliability are obviously improved.
The working environments and technical requirements (such as temperature, bearing and the like) of different parts of the blisk are different, and the blade is required to have higher working temperature, good high-temperature durability, creep and fatigue crack propagation resistance; the hub region (hub) is ensured to have sufficient tensile strength and fatigue resistance. According to the working condition characteristics of different parts of the blade and the disk core, different materials are combined to manufacture the double-alloy blisk, the performance characteristics of the materials and the structural design advantages of the blisk are fully exerted, and the structural weight is further reduced.
At present, the manufacturing method of the dual-alloy blisk made of foreign materials at home and abroad mainly connects the blades and the hub together through the technologies of linear friction welding, diffusion welding, hot isostatic pressing and the like. With the rapid development of additive manufacturing technology in recent years, the adoption of laser powder feeding additive manufacturing technology to prepare the double-alloy part made of different materials becomes a new technical approach, and the method has wide application prospects. However, laser powder feeding additive manufacturing has the characteristics of large temperature gradient, repeated remelting, high cooling speed and the like, so that the residual stress in a formed part is high, particularly, a Ti-Al intermetallic compound with poor weldability easily generates crack defects in the forming process or after forming, and the challenge is brought to the formed high-quality manufactured part.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, a first object of the present invention is to provide a crack-inhibiting device capable of reducing the number of cracks generated during the forming of a dual alloy blisk.
It is a second object of the present invention to provide a method of inhibiting cracking.
In order to achieve the first object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a crack suppression device, comprising:
a chamber filled with an inert gas;
the rotary driving end of the rotary driving assembly is used for connecting a blank to be processed;
the heating coil is detachably mounted in the cavity, a part to be formed of the blank to be processed is arranged in the heating coil, and the heating coil surrounds a part of the part to be formed along the circumferential direction of the blank to be processed;
and the additive piece is arranged in the cavity, an additive outlet of the additive piece is opposite to the part of the part to be formed, which is not surrounded by the heating coil, and when the core temperature and the surface temperature of the blank to be processed are both greater than or equal to a first preset temperature, the additive piece is started to perform additive forming on the part to be formed.
In a specific embodiment, the crack suppression device further comprises an infrared thermometer mounted within the cavity;
and the infrared thermometer is used for measuring the core temperature and the surface temperature of the blank to be processed.
In another specific embodiment, the crack suppression device further comprises a heating furnace filled with inert gas;
the heating furnace is used for preheating the blank to be processed to a second preset temperature;
and the blank to be processed in the heating coil is the blank to be processed after being preheated by the heating furnace.
In another specific embodiment, the crack suppression device further comprises a vacuum annealing furnace;
the vacuum annealing furnace is used for carrying out vacuum annealing treatment on the blank to be processed which is subjected to additive forming and taken down from the heating coil.
The various embodiments according to the invention can be combined in any desired manner, and the embodiments obtained after such combination are also within the scope of the invention and are part of the specific embodiments of the invention.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a method of inhibiting cracking using an apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising:
step S1: preparing a blank to be processed;
step S2: and connecting the blank to be processed with a driving end of a rotary driving assembly, placing the blank to be processed in the heating coil, starting the rotary driving assembly and the heating coil, and starting the material adding piece to perform material adding forming on the part to be formed when the core temperature and the surface temperature of the blank to be processed are both greater than or equal to a first preset temperature so as to increase the preset thickness.
In another specific embodiment, between step S1 and step S2, a step S3 is further included: and (3) placing the blank to be processed in a heating furnace of the crack inhibiting device, heating and preheating the blank to a second preset temperature, and keeping the temperature for a first preset time T = Hx (0.8-1.2) min/mm, wherein H is the thickness of the largest section of the blank to be processed.
In another specific embodiment, said step S2 is followed by a step S4: and taking the blank to be processed down from the rotary driving assembly, putting the blank into a vacuum annealing furnace of the crack inhibiting device for annealing, preserving heat for the first preset time, and cooling the blank to a third preset temperature along with the furnace for discharging and air cooling.
In another specific embodiment, step S4 is followed by step S5: and judging whether the blank to be processed is molded or not, if not, turning to the step S3, and if so, carrying out heat treatment and processing on the formed part after additive manufacturing.
In another specific embodiment, in the step S2, a distance between an inner wall of the heating coil and an outer surface of the portion to be formed is a preset distance.
In another specific embodiment, in step S1, the blank to be processed is a hub blank prepared from a titanium alloy hot isostatic pressing powder ingot or a titanium alloy bar prepared by an isothermal forging process.
When the crack inhibiting device provided by the invention is used, a blank to be processed is prepared, then the blank to be processed is placed in the cavity filled with inert gas and is connected with the driving end of the rotary driving assembly, the blank to be processed is placed in the heating coil, the rotary driving assembly and the heating coil are started, and when the core temperature and the surface temperature of the blank to be processed are both greater than or equal to the first preset temperature, the additive part is started to perform additive forming on the part to be formed. According to the invention, in the process of additive forming of the blank to be processed, the blank to be processed is heated by the heating coil all the time, and the blank to be processed is in a rotating state, so that all areas of the blank to be processed are heated uniformly all the time in the process of additive forming, the temperature gradient in the additive manufacturing process is reduced, the generation and superposition of residual stress in the forming process are reduced, and the generation of large-size cracks is inhibited.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without novelty work.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser powder feeding additive manufacturing process of a blade blank according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows an example of the method of the present invention for laser powder feeding additive manufacturing of Ti 2 Microscopic morphology of AlNb blade.
Wherein, in fig. 1-2:
laser beam 1, additive powder 2, protective gas 3, blank to be processed 4 and heating coil 5.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to fig. 2 in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the position or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a first aspect of the present invention provides a crack suppression apparatus for reducing the number of cracks generated during the formation of a dual alloy blisk.
The crack inhibiting device comprises a cavity, a rotary driving assembly, a heating coil 5 and an additive, wherein the cavity is filled with inert gas, specifically, the inert gas is argon gas and the like, the inert gas is argon gas, the cavity is a vacuum glove box as an example, and the argon gas is used for replacing the vacuum glove box until the oxygen content is lower than 20ppm and the water content is lower than 50ppm.
The rotary driving component is positioned in the cavity, and the rotary driving end of the rotary driving component is used for connecting the blank 4 to be processed. It should be noted that, the rotation driving assembly may be a structure for arbitrarily driving the blank to be processed 4 to rotate, for example, the rotation driving assembly includes a motor and a speed reducer, an output shaft of the motor is connected to an input shaft of the speed reducer, an output shaft of the speed reducer is connected to one end of the blank to be processed 4, specifically, the two may be connected in any form, a flange may be mounted on the output shaft of the speed reducer, the flange is connected to the blank to be processed 4 by bolts, etc., or flanges may be respectively disposed on the blank to be processed 4 and the output shaft of the speed reducer, and the two are connected by flanges, etc.
The heating coil 5 is detachably installed in the cavity, specifically, the heating coil 5 is connected with the intermediate frequency induction heater, it should be noted that the arrangement of the intermediate frequency induction heater connected with the heating coil 5 is only one embodiment of the present invention, and in practical application, a low frequency induction heater or a high frequency induction heater may be arranged instead of the intermediate frequency induction heater.
The portion to be formed of the work slug 4 is placed in the heating coil 5, and the heating coil 5 surrounds a part of the portion to be formed along the circumference of the work slug 4. Specifically, the heating coil 5 is arranged in an arc structure with an unsealed circumferential direction, and further, the invention discloses that the heating coil 5 covers more than 3/4 of the blank 4 to be processed, the heating temperature range is 500-800 ℃, and the heating coil 5 is in an unsealed spiral structure.
The additive piece is arranged in the cavity, the additive outlet of the additive piece is opposite to the part, not surrounded by the heating coil 5, of the part to be formed, and when the core temperature and the surface temperature of the blank 4 to be processed are both greater than or equal to a first preset temperature, the additive piece starts the part to be formed to be subjected to additive forming.
Specifically, the additive part is a laser and can emit a laser beam 1, the protective gas 3 is argon, namely laser coaxial argon powder feeding, and the additive powder 2 is Ti with the thickness of 50-120 m 2 AlNb dried spherical powder, as shown in FIG. 1.
When the crack inhibiting device is used, a blank 4 to be processed is prepared, then the blank 4 to be processed is placed in a cavity filled with inert gas and is connected with the driving end of the rotary driving assembly, the blank 4 to be processed is placed in the heating coil 5, the rotary driving assembly and the heating coil 5 are started, and when the core temperature and the surface temperature of the blank 4 to be processed are both greater than or equal to a first preset temperature, the additive part is started to perform additive forming on a part to be formed. According to the invention, in the process of additive forming of the blank 4 to be processed, the blank 4 to be processed is heated through the heating coil 5 all the time, and the blank 4 to be processed is in a rotating state, so that all areas of the blank 4 to be processed are heated uniformly all the time in the process of additive forming, the temperature gradient in the additive manufacturing process is reduced, the generation and superposition of residual stress in the forming process are reduced, and the generation of large-size cracks is inhibited.
In some embodiments, the crack-inhibiting device further comprises an infrared thermometer installed in the cavity, and the infrared thermometer is used for measuring the core temperature and the surface temperature of the blank 4 to be processed.
Specifically, the infrared thermometer is a laser infrared thermometer.
In some embodiments, the crack-inhibiting device further comprises a heating furnace filled with inert gas, the heating furnace is used for preheating the blank 4 to be processed to the second preset temperature, and the blank 4 to be processed in the heating coil 5 is the blank 4 to be processed after being preheated by the heating furnace.
The method comprises the steps of preheating a blank 4 to be processed by a heating furnace with inert gas protection before induction heating, and then continuously carrying out induction heating on the blank 4 to be processed by a heating coil 5, so that the phenomenon that the surface and the center of the blank 4 to be processed have large temperature gradients due to the skin effect in the induction heating process is avoided, and the generation and the superposition of residual stress in the forming process are reduced.
In some embodiments, the crack suppression device further comprises a vacuum annealing furnace for performing vacuum annealing treatment on the blank 4 to be processed, which is formed by additive forming and removed from the heating coil 5.
Through stress relief annealing, the residual stress in the part is gradually relaxed and continuously reduced, the generation of cracks in the material increase manufacturing process is effectively inhibited, particularly the generation of cracks in the forming process of Ti-Al series intermetallic compounds with poor welding performance is effectively inhibited, and the comprehensive mechanical performance of a formed part is improved.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a crack inhibiting method using the crack inhibiting device as in any one of the above embodiments, including:
step S1: a blank 4 to be processed is prepared.
Specifically, the blank 4 to be processed is a disk hub blank prepared from a titanium alloy hot isostatic pressing powder ingot blank or a titanium alloy bar prepared by adopting an isothermal forging process so as to prepare a double-alloy titanium alloy blisk, and the disk hub part of the double-alloy titanium alloy blisk is Ti60 or Ti 2 AlNb, the titanium alloy used in the blade part is Ti 2 AlNb or TiAl.
Step S2: connecting the blank 4 to be processed with the driving end of the rotary driving component, placing the blank in the heating coil 5, starting the rotary driving component and the heating coil 5, and starting the material adding piece to perform material adding forming on the part to be formed when the core temperature and the surface temperature of the blank 4 to be processed are both greater than or equal to a first preset temperature so as to increase the preset thickness.
The method comprises the following steps of selecting 50-120 m dry spherical powder to manufacture a titanium alloy blade body part, wherein the laser spot diameter of laser additive manufacturing is 1-10 mm, the power is 100-2000W, the scanning speed is 500-2000 mm/min, argon gas is replaced in a vacuum glove box until the oxygen content is lower than 20ppm, the water content is lower than 50ppm, a heater with 20-50kW and 1kHz-10 kHz is adopted for heating by a medium-frequency induction heater, the first preset temperature is 600 +/-30 ℃, the rotating speed of a blank 4 to be processed is 5-50 r/min, and the rotating speed of the blank 4 to be processed is matched with the laser powder feeding speed.
Further, the invention discloses that step S3 is also included between step S1 and step S2: and (3) placing the blank 4 to be processed in a heating furnace of a crack inhibiting device, heating and preheating to a second preset temperature, and keeping the temperature for a first preset time T = Hx (0.8-1.2) min/mm, wherein H is the thickness of the maximum section of the blank 4 to be processed.
Specifically, the second preset temperature is 500-800 ℃.
Further, the invention discloses that after the step S2, the method also comprises a step S4: and taking the blank 4 to be processed down from the rotary driving assembly, putting the blank into a vacuum annealing furnace of a crack inhibiting device for annealing, keeping the temperature for a first preset time, cooling the blank to a third preset temperature along with the furnace, and discharging the blank out of the furnace for air cooling.
It should be noted that, when the additive thickness reaches the preset thickness in step S2, the process goes to step S4 to perform annealing treatment on the whole blank 4 to be processed.
Specifically, the preset thickness is 5mm, and the first preset time T = Hx (0.8-1.2) min/mm, wherein H is the thickness of the maximum section of the blank 4 to be processed.
The annealing temperature in the vacuum annealing furnace is 600 +/-10 ℃, the furnace cooling is carried out after the heat preservation is finished, the cooling rate is more than or equal to 20 ℃/h and less than 50 ℃/h, and the annealing furnace is taken out of the furnace for air cooling when the annealing furnace is cooled to be below 200 ℃.
Further, the invention discloses that step S4 is followed by step S5: and judging whether the blank 4 to be processed is formed or not, if not, turning to the step S3, and if so, carrying out heat treatment and processing on the formed part after additive manufacturing.
When the blank 4 to be processed is not formed, the blank is placed into the heating furnace protected by inert gas again for heating and preheating, and then the blank is placed into the heating coil 5 for repeatedly heating, material increase manufacturing and vacuum stress relief annealing until the part is formed. The method combines the alternative stress relief annealing in the additive manufacturing process, so that the residual stress in the part is gradually relaxed and continuously reduced, the generation of cracks in the additive manufacturing of the dual-alloy titanium alloy blisk is effectively inhibited, particularly the generation of cracks in the forming process of Ti-Al intermetallic compounds with poor welding performance and the like is effectively inhibited, and the comprehensive mechanical property of a formed part is improved.
Further, the present invention discloses that the distance between the inner wall of the heating coil 5 and the outer surface of the portion to be molded in the step S2 is a preset distance.
Specifically, the preset distance is 8mm to 12mm, and it should be noted that, as the size of the blank 4 to be processed is continuously increased in the additive manufacturing process, the heating coil 5 with a proper size needs to be replaced after each time of the alternative stress relief annealing.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, words indicating orientation, such as upper and lower, are set forth in the direction of fig. 1, and are used for convenience of description only, and have no other specific meanings.
In the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A crack suppression device, comprising:
a chamber filled with an inert gas;
the rotary driving end of the rotary driving assembly is used for connecting a blank to be processed;
the heating coil is detachably mounted in the cavity, a part to be formed of the blank to be processed is arranged in the heating coil, and the heating coil surrounds a part of the part to be formed along the circumferential direction of the blank to be processed;
and the additive piece is arranged in the cavity, an additive outlet of the additive piece is opposite to the part of the part to be formed, which is not surrounded by the heating coil, and when the core temperature and the surface temperature of the blank to be processed are both greater than or equal to a first preset temperature, the additive piece is started to perform additive forming on the part to be formed.
2. The crack suppression apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an infrared thermometer mounted within the cavity;
and the infrared thermometer is used for measuring the core temperature and the surface temperature of the blank to be processed.
3. The crack suppression device of claim 1, further comprising a furnace filled with an inert gas;
the heating furnace is used for preheating the blank to be processed to a second preset temperature;
and the blank to be processed in the heating coil is preheated by the heating furnace.
4. The crack suppression device of any one of claims 1-3, further comprising a vacuum annealing furnace;
the vacuum annealing furnace is used for carrying out vacuum annealing treatment on the blank to be processed which is subjected to additive forming and taken down from the heating coil.
5. A method for suppressing cracking, using the crack suppressing apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
step S1: preparing a blank to be processed;
step S2: and connecting the blank to be processed with a driving end of the rotary driving component, placing the blank to be processed in the heating coil, starting the rotary driving component and the heating coil, and starting the additive piece to perform additive forming on the part to be formed when the core temperature and the surface temperature of the blank to be processed are both greater than or equal to a first preset temperature so as to increase the preset thickness.
6. The method of suppressing cracking according to claim 5, further comprising, between the step S1 and the step S2, a step S3: and placing the blank to be processed in a heating furnace of the crack inhibiting device, heating and preheating the blank to a second preset temperature, and keeping the temperature for a first preset time T = Hx (0.8-1.2) min/mm, wherein H is the thickness of the largest section of the blank to be processed.
7. The method according to claim 6, further comprising step S4 after the step S2: and taking the blank to be processed down from the rotary driving assembly, putting the blank into a vacuum annealing furnace of the crack inhibiting device for annealing, preserving heat for the first preset time, and cooling the blank to a third preset temperature along with the furnace for discharging and air cooling.
8. The crack suppression method according to claim 7, further comprising step S5 after the step S4: and judging whether the blank to be processed is molded or not, if not, turning to the step S3, and if so, carrying out heat treatment and processing on the formed part after additive manufacturing.
9. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step S2, a distance between an inner wall of the heating coil and an outer surface of the portion to be formed is a predetermined distance.
10. The method of any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein in step S1, the blank to be processed is a hub blank prepared from a titanium alloy hot isostatic pressing powder ingot or a titanium alloy bar prepared by an isothermal forging process.
CN202210847171.2A 2022-07-19 2022-07-19 Crack suppression device and method Pending CN115178753A (en)

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