CN102925637A - Spheroidizing annealing process of cold-finished and extruded gear blank - Google Patents
Spheroidizing annealing process of cold-finished and extruded gear blank Download PDFInfo
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- CN102925637A CN102925637A CN2012103998311A CN201210399831A CN102925637A CN 102925637 A CN102925637 A CN 102925637A CN 2012103998311 A CN2012103998311 A CN 2012103998311A CN 201210399831 A CN201210399831 A CN 201210399831A CN 102925637 A CN102925637 A CN 102925637A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a spheroidizing annealing process of a cold-finished and extruded gear blank, which is completed in a roller bottom type pre-vacuumized protective atmosphere all-electric heating, spheroidizing and annealing furnace, and an annealing heating furnace, a discharge push-pull vehicle, a front-chamber vacuum air change chamber and vacuumizing system, an electric control and temperature control system, a liquid nitrogen storage tank, a methanol low-temperature cracking machine, a carbon heat display system and the like are comprised. An operation procedure of a production line comprises the steps of loading the gear blank into a box, loading to a material preparation table (a hydraulic lifting table) and hoisting, which are completed manually, as well as the steps of vacuumizing and filling nitrogen before annealing of the gear blank, annealing, preheating, increasing the temperature for heating, performing heat preservation, rapidly cooling, keeping constant temperature, slowly cooling and rapidly cooling, which are all controlled and automatically completed by a programmable logic controller (PLC) according to the technological procedure. According to the spheroidizing annealing process disclosed by the invention, the production cost is reduced, the efficiency is improved, and the spheroidizing annealing process of the cold extruded gear blank can ensure that a product has no oxidation and no decarburization in the annealing furnace and realize excellent stability in product quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat treating method of steel part, particularly be applicable to the non-oxidation of cold smart extruding gear blank, without the decarburization carbide annealing process.
Background technology
The main purpose of Spheroidizing Annealing is: make to be uniform-distribution with tiny spherulitic carbide on the ferrite matrix, reduce the hardness of metal, improve the plasticity of metal, thereby reduce the resistance to deformation of metal, make metal stock be easy to viscous deformation.The cold extrusion shaped form of gear tooth does not need again mechanical workout after moulding.So, must guarantee not decarburization of not oxidation to the Spheroidizing Annealing of gear blank.The carbide annealing process that is used for the cold extrusion workpiece: be that workpiece is heated to Ac
1Again isothermal cooling after ℃ insulation of+(20～40), thus soft, the effective uniform perlite+ferritic structure of nodularization, moulding when being beneficial to cold extrusion obtained.Present Spheroidizing Annealing is the generation that prevents oxidation and decarbonization, usually uses: 1, in annealing furnace, pass into the high protective atmosphere of carbon atoms, but the composition of protective atmosphere is adjusted difficult, and high to operator's technical requirements.This technique is wayward, and misoperation is slightly arranged, and easily makes workpiece surface produce the carburetting layer, causes the difficulty of follow-up cold extrusion technology, also to environment generation pollution in various degree.2, adopt vacuum annealing furnace, utilize to be evacuated to≤condition of high vacuum degree of 50Pa, and in haveing suffered the Spheroidizing Annealing process, keep this vacuum tightness to reach the purpose of anti-oxidation, but guarantee not demonstrate,prove not decarburization of surface, rate of heating is slow under vacuum simultaneously, and the process time is long, wastes energy.3, adopt forvacuum then to recharge the method that rare gas element reheats, though improved like this rate of heating, but still can not guarantee not decarburization of workpiece surface.The shortcoming of above-mentioned three kinds of methods is: process cycle is long, and cost is high, and productivity is low, and environmental pollution is in various degree arranged, and the quality of product is also stable not, is difficult to satisfy the technical requirements of cold extrusion shaped blank.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the prior art weak point, provides a kind of and reduces production costs, raises the efficiency, guarantee product in annealing furnace non-oxidation, without decarburization, make the stable cold extrusion wheel blank carbide annealing process of good quality of product.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The carbide annealing process of cold smart extruding wheel blank includes following steps:
A, charging, with pack into hopper and hanging on the roller rod of hydraulic elevator platform of cold extrusion blank, hopper is moved on the push-and-pull vehicle by the push-and-pull vehicle sprocket wheel with the roller rod, takes out of, moves into operation by controller control;
B, gear blank enter the initial vacuum air-exchanging chamber, by controller control vacuum pump vacuum chamber are vacuumized, and when vacuum reached 133.32Pa, vacuum pump was shut down, and automatically is filled with high-purity nitrogen, stops inflated with nitrogen when air pressure reaches normal atmosphere (An);
C, gear blank hopper are moved into Annealing furnace, respectively will be through preheating zone, heating zone, heat preservation zone, fast cold-zone, isothermal region, slow cooling district, come out of the stove with turning water cooling chamber's process, in process furnace, pass into High Purity Nitrogen, guarantee nitrogen gas purity 〉=99.99%, and pass into an amount of dissociated methanol gas, guarantee that positive pressure is (1.003～1.005) * 10 in the stove
5Pa;
E, gear blank hopper are pulled out fire door when outer by push-and-pull vehicle, and door of annealing furnace is closed thereupon, rapidly the gear blank of coming out of the stove is moved into the cleaning machine water cooling chamber, and purpose is to make gear tapping temperature≤200 ℃, the oxidation after can avoiding like this coming out of the stove;
After f, gear blank hopper entered the vacuum cleaning machine water cooling chamber, the vacuum cleaned gate was airtight, and by controller control single chamber biliquid, alkali lye, clear water are realized spraying 3 minutes with alkali lye first, then spray 5 minutes with clear water, use vacuum pump vacuum-drying 5 minutes again;
G, open the vacuum cleaned gate, quickly discharging, the vacuum cleaned gate is closed, and waits for that next hopper enters, and has avoided air to contact with workpiece and produces oxidation, and the gear blank hopper has arrived on the push-and-pull vehicle, automatically moves into hydraulic elevator platform by push-and-pull vehicle; The circulation that above-mentioned action goes round and begins again.
The present invention adopts the carbide annealing process of cold extrusion wheel blank, concrete treatment process is: carry out successively by the thermal treatment process flow process in the Annealing furnace of sealing, its improvements are to be filled with high-purity nitrogen and dissociated methanol gas in the Annealing furnace, guarantee that furnace pressure is in (1.003～1.005) * 10
5Pa vacuumizes in the Annealing furnace and is filled with high pure nitrogen to normal atmosphere after reaching 133.32Pa again.Thermal treatment process step and processing parameter are followed successively by in the stove: preheating: normal temperature rises to 250 ℃; Heat up: 250 ℃ rise to 760 ℃ ~ 780 ℃, 3 ~ 4h; Cold soon: as to be down to 680 ℃ ~ 700 ℃, 0.5 ~ 0.7h for 760 ℃ ~ 780 ℃; 680 ℃ ~ 700 ℃ of isothermals, 10 ~ 12h; Slow cooling: be down to 400 ℃ by isothermal temperature, 4 ~ 5h, water-cooled:
Be down to below 200 ℃ for 400 ℃.
Thermal treatment process flow process in the described Annealing furnace and vacuum nitrogen filling gas all carry out under computer program control continuously, and the fast cold of described workpiece is to adopt topping up nitrogen.
The present invention finishes in the full electrically heated spheroidizing annealing furnace of roller bottom type forvacuum protective atmosphere, Annealing furnace, discharging push-and-pull vehicle; cup vacuum air-changing chamber and pumped vacuum systems; automatically controlled and temperature control system, liquid nitrogen storage tank, the compositions such as methanol low-temperature decomposing machine and the thermal discharge system of carbon.This production line working procedure is cased except gear blank, on expect that material preparing table (hydraulic elevator platform) lifting is by outside manually finishing, vacuum nitrogen filling gas before the annealing of gear blank, the annealing preheating, the heating that heats up, insulation, cold soon, isothermal, slow cooling and quick cooling can be controlled automatically by programming logic controller (PLC) and finish all by processing sequence.
Black furnace by original periodic anealing furnace heats up, the process operation of hot stove cooling, both wastes energy, and reduces again production efficiency, makes the quality of Spheroidizing Annealing not reach assurance, and the part non-oxidation after particularly being difficult to guarantee to anneal is without decarburization.Adopt gear blank carbide annealing process of the present invention, the initial vacuum air-exchanging chamber is filled with high pure nitrogen and an amount of dissociated methanol gas is protected in stove, has thoroughly removed the possibility of workpiece oxidation and decarbonization.Because process furnace good seal performance, both saved the energy, improved again production efficiency, and gear blank carbide annealing process standard, reasonable, good quality of product is stable, processes hardness error≤15HBW with stove different positions part and Same Part different positions, and metallographic structure is the tiny spherical carbide of point that evenly distributes on ferrite matrix, be beneficial to follow-up cold-forming, improved the work-ing life of cold extrusion mould.Whole production line has adopted programmable logic controller (PLC) control, has both realized automated operation, has shortened the production cycle again, has alleviated labor strength, has reached the high request target of thermal treatment factory building environment-protecting clean.
Embodiment
The carbide annealing process of cold smart extruding wheel blank includes following steps:
A, charging, with pack into hopper and hanging on the roller rod of hydraulic elevator platform of cold extrusion blank, hopper is moved on the push-and-pull vehicle by the push-and-pull vehicle sprocket wheel with the roller rod, takes out of, moves into operation by controller control;
B, gear blank enter the initial vacuum air-exchanging chamber, by controller control vacuum pump vacuum chamber are vacuumized, and when vacuum reached 133.32Pa, vacuum pump was shut down, and automatically is filled with high-purity nitrogen, stops inflated with nitrogen when air pressure reaches normal atmosphere (An);
C, gear blank hopper are moved into Annealing furnace, respectively will be through preheating zone, heating zone, heat preservation zone, fast cold-zone, isothermal region, slow cooling district, come out of the stove with turning water cooling chamber's process, in process furnace, pass into High Purity Nitrogen, guarantee nitrogen gas purity 〉=99.99%, and pass into an amount of dissociated methanol gas, guarantee that positive pressure is (1.003～1.005) * 10 in the stove
5Pa;
B, gear blank hopper are pulled out fire door when outer by push-and-pull vehicle, and door of annealing furnace is closed thereupon, rapidly the gear blank of coming out of the stove is moved into the cleaning machine water cooling chamber, and purpose is to make gear tapping temperature≤200 ℃, the oxidation after can avoiding like this coming out of the stove;
After e, gear blank hopper entered the vacuum cleaning machine water cooling chamber, the vacuum cleaned gate was airtight, and by controller control single chamber biliquid, alkali lye, clear water are realized spraying 3 minutes with alkali lye first, then spray 5 minutes with clear water, use vacuum pump vacuum-drying 5 minutes again;
F, open the vacuum cleaned gate, quickly discharging, the vacuum cleaned gate is closed, and waits for that next hopper enters, and has avoided air to contact with workpiece and produces oxidation, and the gear blank hopper has arrived on the push-and-pull vehicle, automatically moves into hydraulic elevator platform by push-and-pull vehicle; The circulation that above-mentioned action goes round and begins again.
In above-described embodiment, gear blank when the Annealing furnace processing step and processing parameter as
Following table (example one is to example three):
Claims (1)
1. the carbide annealing process of cold smart extruding wheel blank is characterized in that, includes following steps:
A, charging, with pack into hopper and hanging on the roller rod of hydraulic elevator platform of cold extrusion blank, hopper is moved on the push-and-pull vehicle by the push-and-pull vehicle sprocket wheel with the roller rod, takes out of, moves into operation by controller control;
B, gear blank enter the initial vacuum air-exchanging chamber, by controller control vacuum pump vacuum chamber are vacuumized, and when vacuum reached 133.32Pa, vacuum pump was shut down, and automatically is filled with high-purity nitrogen, stops inflated with nitrogen when air pressure reaches normal atmosphere (An);
C, gear blank hopper are moved into Annealing furnace, respectively will be through preheating zone, heating zone, heat preservation zone, fast cold-zone, isothermal region, slow cooling district, come out of the stove with turning water cooling chamber's process, in process furnace, pass into High Purity Nitrogen, guarantee nitrogen gas purity 〉=99.99%, and pass into an amount of dissociated methanol gas, guarantee that positive pressure is (1.003～1.005) * 10 in the stove
5Pa;
E, gear blank hopper are pulled out fire door when outer by push-and-pull vehicle, and door of annealing furnace is closed thereupon, rapidly the gear blank of coming out of the stove is moved into the cleaning machine water cooling chamber, and purpose is to make gear tapping temperature≤200 ℃, the oxidation after can avoiding like this coming out of the stove;
After f, gear blank hopper entered the vacuum cleaning machine water cooling chamber, the vacuum cleaned gate was airtight, and by controller control single chamber biliquid, alkali lye, clear water are realized spraying 3 minutes with alkali lye first, then spray 5 minutes with clear water, use vacuum pump vacuum-drying 5 minutes again;
G, open the vacuum cleaned gate, quickly discharging, the vacuum cleaned gate is closed, and waits for that next hopper enters, and has avoided air to contact with workpiece and produces oxidation, and the gear blank hopper has arrived on the push-and-pull vehicle, automatically moves into hydraulic elevator platform by push-and-pull vehicle; The circulation that above-mentioned action goes round and begins again.
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| CN2012103998311A CN102925637A (en) | 2012-10-19 | 2012-10-19 | Spheroidizing annealing process of cold-finished and extruded gear blank |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103084812A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-05-08 | 重庆路畅汽车配件有限公司 | Cold extrusion molding manufacture method for planet wheel at side of automobile wheel |
| CN115094206A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-23 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Cold extrusion inner gear ring induction normalizing treatment method and inner gear ring |
| CN115178753A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-10-14 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Crack suppression device and method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101363077A (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2009-02-11 | 江苏太平洋精密锻造有限公司 | Isothermal spheroidizing technology of cold precision forging gear blank |
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- 2012-10-19 CN CN2012103998311A patent/CN102925637A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101363077A (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2009-02-11 | 江苏太平洋精密锻造有限公司 | Isothermal spheroidizing technology of cold precision forging gear blank |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103084812A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-05-08 | 重庆路畅汽车配件有限公司 | Cold extrusion molding manufacture method for planet wheel at side of automobile wheel |
| CN103084812B (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2015-06-24 | 重庆路畅汽车配件有限公司 | Cold extrusion molding manufacture method for planet wheel at side of automobile wheel |
| CN115094206A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-23 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Cold extrusion inner gear ring induction normalizing treatment method and inner gear ring |
| CN115094206B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-11-14 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Cold extrusion annular gear induction normalizing treatment method and annular gear |
| CN115178753A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-10-14 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Crack suppression device and method |
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Application publication date: 20130213 |