CN115167586A - Greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system based on Unity3D - Google Patents

Greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system based on Unity3D Download PDF

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CN115167586A
CN115167586A CN202210921431.6A CN202210921431A CN115167586A CN 115167586 A CN115167586 A CN 115167586A CN 202210921431 A CN202210921431 A CN 202210921431A CN 115167586 A CN115167586 A CN 115167586A
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greenhouse
simulation
equipment
simulated
real
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CN115167586B (en
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石艳
赵黎
廖映华
赵练
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Sichuan University of Science and Engineering
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Sichuan University of Science and Engineering
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D27/00Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
    • G05D27/02Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means

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  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system based on Unity3D, which is based on a Unity3D platform and can simulate the environment, the full-period simulated growth of crops and the simulated operation of equipment which are the same as those of a real greenhouse; the roaming module can be used for roaming the greenhouse in the virtual space, observing the operation of the simulation equipment and the full-period simulated growth of crops, so that a user can participate in the greenhouse in an immersive manner in a virtual interaction manner; the temperature, illumination and CO of a real greenhouse are realized by combining the Arduino development board with a Unity3D platform and combining the characteristics of virtuality and reality 2 The real-time monitoring of concentration to show the data of dynamic change in real time visually, carry out adaptability to the equipment of emulation warmhouse booth simultaneously and adjust the equipment of real warmhouse booth correspondingly.

Description

Greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system based on Unity3D
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse environment monitoring and simulation, in particular to a Unity 3D-based greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system.
Background
The greenhouse is a typical high-yield and high-efficiency agriculture, and the construction and development of the greenhouse increasingly receive high attention. The greenhouse can realize the production of out-of-season vegetables, and the temperature in the greenhouse can be manually adjusted, so that the spring vegetables can be put on the market in advance. The vegetables in the greenhouse can realize uninterrupted vegetable supply all the year round by staggering the vegetable production season, so that people all over the country can eat fresh vegetables at any time.
At present, the greenhouse is managed by manual experience or a single measurement and control system formed by a single chip microcomputer, the degree of automation is low, the efficiency is low, and the management is inconvenient.
It is urgent to solve the above problems
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system based on Unity 3D.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides a warmhouse booth emulation and environmental data monitoring system based on Unity3D which the main points lie in, includes:
the system user login module is used for receiving input user information and controlling the login authority of the user;
the system UI design module is used for carrying out UI design on the login interface and the main operation control interface;
warmhouse booth emulation operation module, it is used for carrying out real warmhouse booth's environment and equipment 1:1, simulation, namely controlling the environmental parameters of the simulation greenhouse by controlling the starting and stopping of equipment in the simulation greenhouse, so as to realize the full-period growth simulation of crops;
a roaming module which roams the greenhouse by operating a role;
an environmental monitoring module that is connected to the temperature sensor (503), the illumination sensor (502) and the CO of the real greenhouse through the Arduino development board 2 The concentration sensors (504) are connected to obtain the temperature, illumination and CO of the greenhouse 2 The environmental parameters are concentrated, and the temperature, the illumination and the CO of the simulation greenhouse are adjusted in real time according to the acquired environmental parameters 2 And (4) concentration.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. based on the Unity3D platform, the environment, the full-period simulation growth of crops and the simulation operation of equipment which are the same as those of a real greenhouse can be simulated;
2. the roaming module can be used for roaming the greenhouse in the virtual space, observing the operation of the simulation equipment and the full-period simulation growth of crops, so that a user can participate in the greenhouse in an immersive manner in a virtual interaction manner;
3. the temperature, illumination and CO of a real greenhouse are realized by combining the Arduino development board with a Unity3D platform and combining the characteristics of virtuality and reality 2 The real-time monitoring of concentration to show the data of dynamic change in real time visually, carry out adaptability to the equipment of emulation warmhouse booth simultaneously and adjust the equipment of real warmhouse booth correspondingly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction of an environment model of a simulated greenhouse;
FIG. 2 shows an Arduino development board, a temperature sensor, an illumination sensor, and CO 2 Schematic diagrams of a concentration sensor and a liquid crystal display screen;
FIG. 3 is CO 2 A wiring schematic diagram of the concentration sensor and the Arduino development board;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the wiring of the temperature sensor to the Arduino development board;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the wiring of the illumination sensor to the Arduino development board
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
A greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system based on Unity3D mainly comprises a system user login module, a system UI design module, a greenhouse simulation operation module, a roaming module and an environment monitoring module.
The system user login module is used for receiving input user information and controlling the login authority of the user. After the user inputs an account and a password, the system sends the input account and password information for sending the login information input by the user to the server for user permission verification. The user authority verification is divided into three types: general user rights, administrative personnel rights, and no rights.
And the system receives the verification information returned by the server and judges whether the current user has the system login authority or not according to the verification information. And when the current user is judged to have the system login authority, the system jumps to the simulation operation main interface from the user login interface. And when the current user does not have the system login authority, controlling to quit the login interface of the current user.
The user can put the data of the needed personnel on the server in advance, the server interacts with the server, compares the login information sent by the system with the stored personnel data when receiving the login information, verifies whether the sent personnel information is on the personnel data or the list stored by the server, and sends the personnel verification information back to the system, and the system receives the verification information and then quits the login interface according to the condition or controls the normal optional interface for successfully verifying the login system.
When the current user is judged to have the login authority of the common user, the system has buttons such as device simulation operation, plant simulation growth and the like, corresponding button click events are added, and the system also has a first-person roaming function of the greenhouse. When the current user is judged to have the login authority of the manager, the system has the functions of device simulation operation, display of control buttons of the environment parameter visual interface, simulation of plant growth and the like, addition of corresponding button click events, display of the environment parameter visual interface and first-person roaming of the greenhouse.
And the system UI design module is used for carrying out UI design on the login interface and the main operation control interface. The system UI design module comprises a login interface UI design and a main operation control interface UI design.
The login interface is provided with an input box capable of inputting an account number and a password, login and registration buttons, corresponding click events, a greenhouse LOGO, user protocol descriptions, some prompting information and the like. And an equipment start and stop control button is arranged on the main operation control interface, a visual interface display control button and a system exit button are arranged on the main operation control interface, and a corresponding click event and greenhouse environment parameter visual interface are added.
The greenhouse simulation operation module is used for carrying out 1 on the environment and the equipment of the real greenhouse: 1 simulation, controlling the environmental parameters of the simulation greenhouse by controlling the starting and stopping of equipment in the simulation greenhouse, thereby realizing the full-period growth simulation of crops.
Referring to fig. 1, the greenhouse simulation operation module, based on the Unity3D platform, can simulate the same environment as a real greenhouse, the full-period simulation growth of crops, and the simulation operation of equipment, and operates according to the following steps:
s1, establishing a three-dimensional environment model of a simulation greenhouse, and performing the following steps:
s11, measuring the skeleton and equipment of the real greenhouse, and recording the size and color change of the crop in the whole period.
And S12, drawing a three-dimensional structure model of the simulated greenhouse and the equipment and different models of crop full-period growth by using three-dimensional modeling software. In this embodiment, the three-dimensional modeling software may be common three-dimensional modeling software such as SolidWorks.
Wherein, the different models of the crop full-period growth comprise a germination period model, a seedling period model, a fruiting period model, a maturation period model and a dyeing period model.
S2, rendering the three-dimensional environment model of the simulated greenhouse, and performing the following steps:
s21, drawing an interior decoration drawing, an equipment appearance drawing and an equipment layout drawing of the real greenhouse.
S22, materials of the simulated greenhouse and the equipment are created by utilizing the interior decoration drawing, the equipment appearance drawing and the equipment layout drawing of the real greenhouse, and therefore the three-dimensional structure model of the simulated greenhouse and the equipment is rendered. In this embodiment, the rendering of the three-dimensional structure model may adopt 3D Max, and the mapping before rendering may adopt Photoshop. The whole environment is rendered through materials such as trees, material maps, terrain maps and the like, and the environment is rendered into an environment similar to a real greenhouse.
S3, establishing a three-dimensional scene of the simulated greenhouse and the equipment on the Unity3D platform, and performing the following steps:
s31, taking the original point of the simulated greenhouse frame as the original point (0, 0) of the three-dimensional scene, and taking the inlet and the outlet of the simulated greenhouse as the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional scene. The greenhouse framework comprises a structural frame of the greenhouse and planting grooves, and the planting grooves are arranged on the ground and used for planting plants. The germination period model, the seedling period model, the fruiting period model, the mature period model and the dyeing period model of the crop in the whole period growth are arranged on the planting groove, and the like, and are constructed in a mode layout, so that the self-generating origins of the models are in the same position. Putting the crop models with different growth periods into an empty father object, sequencing according to periods, using a For cycle to activate the crop models in sequence, setting the model of the previous period as inactive after activating the model of the next period, and taking the number of the child objects as a termination cycle, thereby realizing the process of simulating the full-period growth of the crops.
S32, placing simulation equipment at a set position of the simulation greenhouse, wherein the simulation equipment at least comprises CO 2 Storage tank, automatic irrigation machine, fan, skylight, lamp and automatic curtain machine of rolling up.
The fan is arranged at the middle-upper position of the greenhouse. The skylight is arranged at the top of the greenhouse and is integrated with the greenhouse. The automatic curtain rolling machine is arranged outside the top of the greenhouse. CO 2 2 The storage tank is arranged on the left side of the inlet and the outlet of the greenhouse. The automatic irrigation machine comprises a reservoir, a water pump, a pipeline and a spraying device, wherein the spraying device is arranged right above the planting groove, and the simulation is used for supplying water to crops in proper time.
S33, arranging the original points of different models for the crop full-period growth at the same position in the simulated greenhouse, sequencing the original points according to the period, sequentially activating the crop models, and setting the crop model in the previous period as inactive when the crop model in the next period is activated.
S34, compiling CO 2 Storage tank, automatic irrigation machine, fan, skylight, lamp and automatic rolling shutter machine to make CO 2 The storage tank, the automatic irrigation machine, the fan, the skylight and the automatic rolling shutter machine are operated according to the environment parameters collected by the Arduino development board 506 to be adjusted in real timeAnd (6) finishing.
S4, verifying whether the scene of the simulation greenhouse is consistent with the scene of the real greenhouse: if yes, entering the next step; otherwise, the process returns to step S3.
And S5, optimizing the scene of the simulation greenhouse, so that the operation speed of the simulation operation module of the greenhouse can be increased.
S6, testing whether the performance meets the requirements: if so, completing; otherwise, the process returns to step S5.
The roaming module operates the roles to roam the greenhouse. In the roaming module, a capsule is created in the three-dimensional scene of the simulated greenhouse and the equipment established by the Unity3D platform to simulate a person, a camera is placed in the capsule to be used as a sub-object of the capsule, the movement of the capsule is controlled, and a scene image is collected by the camera, so that the first-person roaming scene function is realized in the three-dimensional scene of the simulated greenhouse and the equipment established by the Unity3D platform.
The capsule and the camera are programmed with a C # program, and the left, back, right and up movements are controlled by pressing an A/S/D/W key, so that the function of roaming scenes by a first person is realized.
And in the three-dimensional scene of the simulated greenhouse and the equipment established by the Unity3D platform, collision bodies for preventing the capsule from penetrating through the mould are added to the models of the simulated greenhouse and the equipment.
The Light component on the Unity3D self-contained directive Light object simulates the natural phenomenon of sundown and sunrise, and the weather change is simulated by replacing the sky boxes in different weathers, so that the virtual greenhouse is more realistic.
Referring to fig. 2-5, the environmental monitoring module is connected to the temperature sensor 503, the illumination sensor 502 and the CO of the real greenhouse through the Arduino development board 2 The concentration sensors 504 are connected to obtain the temperature, illumination and CO of the greenhouse 2 The environmental parameters are concentrated, and the temperature, the illumination and the CO of the simulation greenhouse are adjusted in real time according to the acquired environmental parameters 2 And (4) concentration.
CO 2 The RX terminal, the TX terminal, the Vin terminal and the GND terminal of the concentration sensor 504 are respectively connected to the D11 terminal of the Arduino development board 506The D10 end, the end of 5V and GND, temperature sensor 503 ' S S end, the D3 end that Arduino development board 506 was connected respectively to VCC end and GND end, the end of 5V and GND, illumination sensor 502 ' S SDA end, the SCL end, the A4 end that Arduino development board 506 was connected respectively to VCC end and GND end, the A5 end, the end of 5V and GND end, arduino development board 506 ' S USB connects the USB interface that the serial port line was connected liquid crystal display 505 through USB.
CO 2 The concentration sensor 504 adopts MH-Z16CO 2 Sensor, MH-Z16CO 2 Detection principle of the sensor: the vibration of the crystal lattice of the ceramic material can generate a barrier effect on the movement of electrons, and when the temperature is increased, the vibration of the crystal lattice is strengthened, the amplitude is increased, and the barrier effect on the electrons is enhanced. According to the theory of gas selective absorption, it is known that when the emission wavelength of a light source is matched with the absorption wavelength of a gas, a resonance absorption phenomenon occurs, the absorption intensity of which is related to the concentration of the gas, and the concentration of the gas can be directly measured by measuring the absorption intensity of light.
The temperature sensor 503 adopts an 18B20 temperature sensor, and the temperature measurement principle of the 18B20 temperature sensor is as follows: the oscillation frequency of the low temperature coefficient oscillator is little affected by temperature, and is used for generating a pulse signal with a fixed frequency to be sent to the first subtraction counter, the oscillation frequency of the high temperature coefficient oscillator is obviously changed along with the temperature change, and the generated signal is used as the pulse input of the subtraction counter. When the counting door is opened, the 18B20 temperature sensor counts the clock pulse generated by the low temperature coefficient oscillator, and temperature measurement is completed. The opening time of the counting gate is determined by a high temperature coefficient oscillator, before each measurement, a base number corresponding to-55 ℃ is firstly respectively arranged in a first subtraction counter and a temperature register, and the first subtraction counter and the temperature register are preset in a base number corresponding to-55 ℃. The first down counter counts down the pulse signal generated by the low temperature coefficient oscillator, when the preset value of the first down counter is reduced to 0, the value of the temperature register is increased by 1, the preset of the first down counter is loaded again, the first down counter restarts to count the pulse signal generated by the low temperature coefficient oscillator, the process is circulated until the second down counter counts to 0, the accumulation of the value of the temperature register is stopped, and the value in the temperature register is the measured temperature. The slope accumulator is used to compensate and correct for non-linearities in the thermometry process, its output is used to correct the preset value of the down counter, and the process is repeated as long as the count gate is not closed until the temperature register value reaches the measured temperature value.
The illumination sensor 502 is a BH-1750 illumination sensor 502, and the BH-1750 illumination sensor 502 is a digital light intensity sensor integrated circuit for a two-wire serial bus interface. Such an integrated circuit may adjust the brightness of the liquid crystal or keypad backlight based on the collected light intensity data. With its high resolution, a large range of light intensity variations can be detected. The BH-1750 illumination sensor 502 has a spectral sensitivity characteristic close to visual sensitivity, and supports an I2C BUS interface and a 1.8v logic input interface. The sensor has two optional I2C slave addresses, no other external components are required. The dependence of the light source is weak, and the influence of infrared rays is small. The sensor achieves low current flow by reducing the power. The stable measurement is realized by the light noise removing function of 50Hz/60Hz, and the minimum error variation is +/-20 percent.
The greenhouse simulation operation module is internally provided with a simulation temperature adjusting module 507, a simulation illuminance adjusting module 508 and a simulation CO 2 A concentration adjusting module 509, a simulated temperature adjusting module 507 for controlling the rotation speed of the fan and the open area of the skylight in the artificial greenhouse, a simulated illuminance adjusting module 508 for controlling the on-off condition of the lamps in the artificial greenhouse and the on-off condition of the automatic curtain rolling machine, and a simulated CO 2 The concentration adjusting module 509 is used for controlling CO in the simulation greenhouse 2 The output of the tank.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a warmhouse booth emulation and environmental data monitoring system based on Unity3D which characterized in that includes:
the system user login module is used for receiving input user information and controlling the login authority of the user;
the system UI design module is used for carrying out UI design on the login interface and the main operation control interface;
greenhouse emulation operation module, it is used for carrying out 1 with real greenhouse's environment and equipment: 1, simulation, namely controlling the environmental parameters of the simulation greenhouse by controlling the starting and stopping of equipment in the simulation greenhouse, so as to realize the full-period growth simulation of crops;
a roaming module which roams the greenhouse by operating a role;
an environmental monitoring module that is connected to the temperature sensor (503), the illumination sensor (502) and the CO of the real greenhouse through the Arduino development board 2 The concentration sensors (504) are connected to obtain the temperature, illumination and CO of the greenhouse 2 The environmental parameters are concentrated, and the temperature, the illumination and the CO of the simulation greenhouse are adjusted in real time according to the acquired environmental parameters 2 And (4) concentration.
2. The Unity 3D-based greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the greenhouse simulation operation module operates according to the following steps:
s1, establishing a simulated greenhouse three-dimensional environment model, and performing the following steps:
s11, measuring a framework and equipment of the real greenhouse, and recording the size and color change of the crop in the whole period;
s12, drawing a three-dimensional structure model of the simulated greenhouse and equipment and different models of crop full-period growth by using three-dimensional modeling software;
s2, rendering the three-dimensional environment model of the simulation greenhouse, which is performed according to the following steps:
s21, drawing an interior decoration picture, an equipment appearance picture and an equipment layout picture of the real greenhouse;
s22, creating materials of the simulated greenhouse and the equipment by utilizing an interior decoration diagram, an equipment appearance diagram and an equipment layout diagram of the real greenhouse, and rendering a three-dimensional structure model of the simulated greenhouse and the equipment;
s3, establishing a three-dimensional scene of the simulated greenhouse and the equipment on the Unity3D platform, and performing the following steps:
s31, taking the original point of the simulated greenhouse frame as the original point (0, 0) of the three-dimensional scene, and taking the inlet and outlet directions of the simulated greenhouse as the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional scene;
s32, placing simulation equipment at a set position of the simulation greenhouse, wherein the simulation equipment at least comprises CO 2 The device comprises a storage tank, an automatic irrigation machine, a fan, a skylight, a lamp and an automatic curtain rolling machine;
s33, arranging the original points of different models for the whole-period growth of crops at the same position in the simulation greenhouse, sequencing according to the period, sequentially activating the crop models, and setting the crop model in the previous period as inactive when the crop model in the next period is activated;
s34, compiling CO 2 Storage tank, automatic irrigation machine, fan, skylight, lamp and automatic rolling shutter machine to make CO 2 The operating conditions of the storage tank, the automatic irrigation machine, the fan, the skylight and the automatic curtain rolling machine are adjusted in real time according to the environmental parameters collected by the Arduino development board (506).
3. The Unity 3D-based greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein in the roaming module, a capsule is created in the three-dimensional scene of the simulated greenhouse and equipment built on the Unity3D platform to simulate a person, a camera is placed in the capsule to serve as a sub-object of the capsule, and the first-person roaming scene function is performed in the three-dimensional scene of the simulated greenhouse and equipment built on the Unity3D platform by controlling the movement of the capsule and acquiring a scene image by using the camera.
4. The Unity 3D-based greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein in the three-dimensional scene of the simulated greenhouse and the equipment built by the Unity3D platform, collision bodies for preventing the capsule from penetrating through the mould are added to the models of the simulated greenhouse and the equipment.
5. The Unity 3D-based greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S34, the CO 2 The RX end of concentration sensor (504), the TX end, the D11 end of Arduino development board (506) is connected respectively to Vin end and GND end, the D10 end, 5V end and GND end, the S end of temperature sensor (503), the D3 end of Arduino development board (506) is connected respectively to VCC end and GND end, 5V end and GND end, the SDA end of illumination sensor (502), the SCL end, the A4 end of Arduino development board (506) is connected respectively to VCC end and GND end, the A5 end, 5V end and GND end, the USB joint of Arduino development board (506) connects the USB interface of serial port line connection liquid crystal display (505) through USB.
6. The Unity 3D-based greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system of claim 5, wherein the CO is connected to the greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system 2 The concentration sensor (504) adopts MH-Z16CO 2 The temperature sensor (503) adopts an 18B20 temperature sensor, and the illumination sensor (502) adopts a BH-1750 illumination sensor (502).
7. The Unity 3D-based greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein the greenhouse simulation operation module comprises a simulated temperature adjusting module (507), a simulated illuminance adjusting module (508) and a simulated CO 2 The concentration adjusting module (509), the simulation temperature adjusting module (507) is used for controlling the rotating speed of a fan in the simulation greenhouse and the opening area of a skylight, the simulation illuminance adjusting module (508) is used for controlling the opening and closing conditions of a lamp in the simulation greenhouse and the opening and closing conditions of an automatic curtain rolling machine, and the simulation CO is used for simulating the opening and closing conditions of a lamp in the simulation greenhouse 2 The concentration adjusting module (509) is used for controlling CO in the simulation greenhouse 2 The output of the tank.
8. The Unity 3D-based greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein the different models of the crop full-cycle growth comprise a germination stage model, a seedling stage model, a fruiting stage model, a maturation stage model and a staining stage model.
CN202210921431.6A 2022-08-02 2022-08-02 Greenhouse simulation and environmental data monitoring system based on Unity3D Active CN115167586B (en)

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