CN115161714A - Method for preparing metal titanium by molten salt solid-state deoxidation method - Google Patents
Method for preparing metal titanium by molten salt solid-state deoxidation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115161714A CN115161714A CN202210917210.1A CN202210917210A CN115161714A CN 115161714 A CN115161714 A CN 115161714A CN 202210917210 A CN202210917210 A CN 202210917210A CN 115161714 A CN115161714 A CN 115161714A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/26—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, tantalum or vanadium
- C25C3/28—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, tantalum or vanadium of titanium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing metal titanium by a molten salt solid-state deoxidation method, which comprises the following steps: molding and sintering titanium dioxide to obtain a sintered product; electrolyzing the sintered product in chloride to obtain metal titanium; the electrolysis voltage is dynamically adjusted in the electrolysis process. The method provided by the invention omits the steps of secondary electric refining or pre-generation of titanium oxycarbide and the like in the prior art, and realizes the compactness of the process flow; by dynamically adjusting the electrolytic voltage between 3V and 9V, the applied electrolytic voltage can be ensured to reach the voltage required by the electro-deoxidation of the titanium dioxide, and simultaneously, the decomposition of molten salt caused by overhigh electrolytic voltage and the consumption of extra electrolytic electricity caused by the decomposition are avoided, so that the generation of harmful gases such as chlorine is avoided, the overall energy consumption is reduced, and the efficient and low-pollution preparation of metal titanium by the electro-deoxidation of the molten salt is realized; the electrolysis parameter setting can be flexibly adjusted according to the addition of raw materials and the size of the electrode, and the cost fluctuation caused by over low or over high product yield is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium, and particularly relates to a method for preparing metal titanium by a molten salt solid-state deoxidation method.
Background
The metal titanium has specific physical and chemical properties, and the important position in the high-end manufacturing field cannot be replaced. The process (Kroll method) for preparing the metal titanium in the prior art has long flow, high energy consumption and great pollution. The preparation of the titanium sponge from the raw material to the final product needs to be carried out by the process steps of mineral separation, enrichment, chlorination, refining, magnesium reduction (including electrolysis of magnesium chloride and recovery of magnesium), vacuum distillation and the like. The complex process flow causes that the price of the metal titanium is far higher than that of most structural metal materials and alloy materials, and greatly limits the application amount and the market range of the metal titanium. Therefore, a metal titanium green preparation technology with short flow, low energy consumption and low pollution needs to be developed urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing metal titanium by a molten salt solid-state deoxidation method, and the method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, high efficiency and low pollution.
The invention provides a method for preparing metal titanium by a molten salt solid-state deoxidation method, which comprises the following steps:
molding and sintering titanium dioxide to obtain a sintered product;
electrolyzing the sintered product in chloride to obtain metal titanium;
and dynamically adjusting the electrolysis voltage in the electrolysis process.
Preferably, the sintering temperature is 200-1000 ℃.
Preferably, the chloride salt is selected from CaCl 2 、LiCl、BaCl 2 One or more of NaCl and KCl.
Preferably, the cathode structure in the electrolysis process is a sintered product, and the anode structure is graphite.
Preferably, the temperature in the electrolysis process is 830-1200 ℃.
Preferably, in the electrolysis process, enrichment is performed after the chlorine salt is melted; and dynamically adjusting the enrichment voltage in the enrichment process to ensure that:
V enriched voltage ≤V Enriched dynamic voltage <V Chloride decomposition voltage 。
Preferably, the electrolysis voltage is dynamically adjusted such that:
V electric deoxidation voltage ≤V Dynamic electrolysis voltage <V Chloride salt decomposition voltage 。
Preferably, the dynamic adjustment electrolysis voltage is in the range of 3 to 9V.
Preferably, said V Chloride salt decomposition voltage 3.04-10.28V.
Preferably, said V Enriched voltage 1.2-2.8V;
the V is Electric deoxidation voltage Is 1.93-1.79V.
The invention provides a low-pollution and high-efficiency pure titanium production process method, which is a new process for directly preparing metal titanium from raw materials such as titanium dioxide (titanium dioxide) by solid-state electrolysis based on a molten salt solid-state deoxidation method and has better balance in the aspects of compact process flow, improved electrolysis efficiency, reduced pollution emission, flexible capacity adjustment and the like.
According to the method provided by the invention, after the raw material titanium dioxide is simply molded, the raw material titanium dioxide is directly placed in molten chloride for electro-deoxidation, so that the metal titanium is directly prepared, the steps of secondary electro-refining or pre-generation of titanium oxycarbide and the like in the prior art are omitted, and the process flow is compact; by dynamically adjusting the electrolytic voltage between 3V and 9V (manually or automatically controlled by a computer program), the applied electrolytic voltage can be ensured to reach the voltage required by the electro-deoxidation of the titanium dioxide, and simultaneously, the decomposition of molten salt caused by overhigh electrolytic voltage and the consumption of extra electrolytic electric quantity caused by the decomposition are avoided, thereby avoiding the generation of harmful gases such as chlorine, reducing the overall energy consumption and realizing the high-efficiency and low-pollution preparation of the metal titanium by the electro-deoxidation of the molten salt; by adopting the dynamic voltage adjusting method based on the resistance value of the electrode component and the real-time electrolytic current, the electrolytic parameter setting can be flexibly adjusted according to the addition amount of raw materials and the size of the electrode, the flexible adjustment of the industrial productivity can be realized under the condition that the main production equipment and the basic technological parameters are not greatly changed, and the cost fluctuation caused by over-low or over-high product yield is avoided.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for preparing metal titanium by a molten salt solid-state deoxidation method, which comprises the following steps:
molding and sintering titanium dioxide to obtain a sintered product;
electrolyzing the sintered product in chloride to obtain metal titanium;
and dynamically adjusting the electrolysis voltage in the electrolysis process.
In the molding process, a titanium dioxide raw material and deionized water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:1-1.
In the present invention, the sintering temperature is preferably 200 to 1000 ℃, more preferably 500 to 800 ℃, and most preferably 600 to 700 ℃.
In the present invention, the sintered product is preferably used as a cathode structure in the electrolysis process; graphite is preferably used as the anode structure.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the electrode structures (cathode structure and anode structure) are put into a container containing a chloride salt for electrolysis in the electrolysis process; the chloride salt is preferably selected from CaCl 2 、LiCl、BaCl 2 Or a unitary, binary, ternary or multicomponent eutectic mixture of NaCl, KCl and the three chloride salts; preferably selected from calcium chloride and (sodium chloride or potassium chloride); the mass of the sodium chloride or potassium chloride is preferably 5 to 20%, more preferably 10 to 15% of the mass of calcium chloride.
In the present invention, the temperature during the electrolysis is preferably 830 to 1200 ℃, more preferably 850 to 1150 ℃, more preferably 900 to 1100 ℃, and most preferably 900 ℃.
In the inventionIn the electrolysis process, a specific voltage V is preferably applied after the chlorine salt is melted Enrichment of Titanium dioxide and other valence state titanium oxides in the raw materials are enriched; the V is Enrichment of Preferably, the dynamic adjustment is carried out according to the real-time current in the electrolysis process, and the dynamic adjustment method is carried out according to the following formula:
V enriched dynamic voltage ＝V Enriched voltage +(R General (1) *I Real time )*K Chloride decomposition voltage coefficient 1 ；
Wherein, V Enriched voltage The voltage for oxidizing the metal impurities contained in the titanium dioxide raw material into metal ions;
R general assembly Is the overall resistance value of the electrode structure;
I real time Is real-time current in the enrichment process;
K chloride decomposition voltage coefficient 1 The voltage coefficient required for the decomposition of the chloride salt at the electrolysis temperature is set.
In the present invention, said V Enriched voltage Preferably 1.2 to 2.8V, more preferably 1.5 to 2.5V, and most preferably 2V. In the present invention, said V Enriched voltage V at the electrolysis temperature is preferably determined by thermodynamic calculations Enriched voltage It can be calculated according to the following formula:
V enriched voltage = gibbs free energy/faraday constant/number of electrons transferred upon ionization of metal impurity at electrolysis temperature by thermodynamic calculation.
In the present invention, said R General assembly The obtaining method of (a) preferably comprises:
connecting the electrode structural component A with a constant current power supply, and applying A A1 Current, recorded in A A1 V produced under electric current A1 Voltage, applying A A2 Current, recorded in A A2 V produced under electric current A2 Voltage, applying A A3 Current, recorded in A A3 V produced under electric current A3 A voltage; the above steps are repeated until a predictable stable relationship is established between the current and voltage. The average current value R was obtained by repeating the test Average A To reduceThe system error caused by contact resistance change in the measuring process is small; saving the record and turning off the constant current power supply; the resistance value of the electrode structural member a was calculated by the following formula:
R A1 ＝V A1 /A A1 ；R A2 ＝V A2 /A A2 ；R A3 ＝V A3 /A A3 ；……R An ＝V An /A An
R average A ＝(R A1 +R A2 +R A3 +……R An )/n；
Repeating the steps to measure the resistance values of all the electrode parts to obtain R Average B 、R Average C 、R Average D ……R Average X 。
The resistance value of the series part is calculated by the formula:
R string ＝R Average A string +R Average B string +R Average C string +R Average D string ……+R Average X string
Parallel part resistance value calculation formula:
R and are ＝1/(1/R Average of A and +1/R average of B and +1/R average of C and +1/R average Dand ……+R Average of Xo )
The overall resistance value calculation formula of the electrode structure is as follows:
R general (1) ＝(R String +R And are combined )*K Temperature coefficient of resistance
K Temperature coefficient of resistance The resistance correction coefficient of the electrode material at different electrolysis temperatures.
In the present invention, said K Temperature coefficient of resistance The obtaining method of (a) preferably comprises: available through a network or database.
In the present invention, I Real-time Is the observed current: during electrolysis only a voltage is applied, I Real time Is under application of V Enriched voltage Generated later, then observed I Real time Substituted into formula V Enriched dynamic voltage ＝V Enriched voltage +(R General (1) *I Real time )*K Chloride decomposition voltage coefficient 1 In (3), V can be obtained Enriched dynamic voltage 。
In the present invention, said K Chloride decomposition voltage coefficient 1 Preferably the method of obtaining comprises:
K chloride decomposition voltage coefficient 1 ＝((V Chloride salt decomposition voltage +(R General assembly *I Real-time ))*0.9-V Enriched voltage )/(R General assembly *I Real time )
In the present invention, K Chloride decomposition voltage coefficient 1 Guarantee V Enriched dynamic voltage The molten salt is not decomposed.
In the present invention, the enrichment time is 2 to 12 hours, more preferably 5 to 10 hours, and most preferably 6 to 8 hours.
In the present invention, the electrolysis voltage in the electrolysis process is preferably dynamically adjusted within a range of 3 to 9V; preferably, after the enrichment is finished, the electrolysis voltage is dynamically adjusted according to the following formula:
V dynamic electrolysis voltage ＝V Electric deoxidation voltage +(R General assembly *I Real time )*K Chloride decomposition voltage coefficient 2 ；
Wherein, V Electric deoxidation voltage Is a V Electric deoxidation voltage The voltage required for deoxidation of titanium dioxide at electrolysis temperature;
R general assembly Is the overall resistance value of the electrode structure;
I real time Is real-time current in the electrolytic process;
K chloride decomposition voltage coefficient 2 Is the coefficient of the voltage required for chloride salt decomposition at the set electrolysis temperature.
In the present invention, said V Electric deoxidation voltage Preferably 1.93 to 1.79V.
In the present invention, said V Electric deoxidation voltage Preferably obtained by deriving V at the electrolysis temperature by thermodynamic calculation Electric deoxidation voltage (ii) a Can be calculated according to the following formula:
V electric deoxidation voltage = Gebu deoxidized by titanium dioxide at electrolysis temperature by thermodynamic calculationFree energy/faraday constant/number of electron transfers upon deoxygenation.
In the present invention, said R General assembly The obtaining method is consistent with the technical scheme.
In the present invention, I Real time Is the observed current: during electrolysis only a voltage is applied, I Real time Is under application of V Electric deoxidation voltage Generated later, then observed I Real time Into formula V Dynamic electrolysis voltage ＝V Electric deoxidation voltage +(R General assembly *I Real time )*K Chloride decomposition voltage coefficient 2 In (3), V can be obtained Dynamic electrolysis voltage 。
In the present invention, said K Chloride decomposition voltage coefficient 2 The obtaining method of (a) preferably comprises:
K chloride decomposition voltage coefficient 2 ＝((V Chloride salt decomposition voltage +(R General assembly *I Real-time ))*0.9-V Electric deoxidation voltage )/(R General assembly *I Real time )
In the present invention, K Chloride decomposition voltage coefficient 2 Coefficient securing V Dynamic electrolysis voltage Molten salt decomposition is not caused.
In the present invention, V Enriched dynamic voltage And V Dynamic electrolysis voltage The electrolysis is controlled in the following steps:
V enriched voltage ≤V Enriched dynamic voltage <V Chloride salt decomposition voltage ；
V Electric deoxidation voltage ≤V Dynamic electrolysis voltage <V Chloride salt decomposition voltage Within the range.
In the present invention, said V Chloride decomposition voltage Preferably 3.04 to 10.28V.
In the present invention, said V Chloride salt decomposition voltage Preferably by thermodynamic calculation to obtain V at the electrolysis temperature Chloride salt decomposition voltage (ii) a Can be calculated according to the following formula:
V chloride decomposition voltage = Gibbs free energy of chlorine salt decomposition at electrolysis temperature +by thermodynamic calculationFaradaic constant/number of electron transfer upon chloride decomposition + measured current by electrolysis system resistance.
In the present invention, the dynamic adjustment is preferably performed by dynamically adjusting V at a frequency of 5 minutes to 1 hour at each interval according to the change in voltage drop caused by the change in system resistance and electrolysis current Dynamic electrolysis voltage 。
The method provided by the invention can effectively improve the electrolysis efficiency and avoid pollutant discharge caused by chlorine salt decomposition. Meanwhile, different charging amounts can cause great fluctuation to the resistance value of the electrode component and the electrolytic current value, and the real-time dynamic electrolytic voltage adjusting process can realize flexible adjustment of the productivity under the condition that main production equipment and basic process parameters are not changed greatly.
In the invention, after the electrolysis is finished, the metal titanium obtained by the electrolysis is stripped after the electrode is cooled; preferably, the stripped metal titanium is washed by dilute acid and clear water to obtain clean metal titanium.
In the present invention, the dilute acid is preferably selected from dilute sulfuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute acetic acid.
The method provided by the invention has better balance in the aspects of process flow compactness, pollutant generation control, electrolysis efficiency improvement, capacity of dynamic capacity adjustment and the like, and fills up short plates in the aspects of complex process flow, heavy environmental pollution burden, low production efficiency, huge price fluctuation and the like in the field of metal titanium smelting.
Example 1
Weighing 15g of titanium dioxide (TiO) 2 Not less than 96 percent) is added with 15g of deionized water, evenly stirred and extruded into a diameter<Drying 10mm strips, sintering at 800 ℃ for 5 hours in a sintering furnace, naturally cooling, taking out, placing in an alumina crucible, connecting with an iron rod to serve as an electrode, simultaneously placing a carbon rod with the diameter of 15mm and the length of 300mm as a counter electrode, adding 1kg of anhydrous calcium chloride, placing in an electrolytic furnace, vacuumizing, filling argon, sealing, heating to 900 ℃, and respectively calculating and measuring the V at 900 DEG C Enriched voltage And V Electric deoxidation voltage First using V Enriched voltage (1.5V) Metal in titanium dioxide oxide powderImpurities, so that the metal impurities are removed from the titanium dioxide in the form of metal ions (lasting for 1 hour) to increase the purity of the titanium dioxide; then adopt V Dynamic electrolysis voltage (based on the observed electrolytic current (time-varying) and the measured system resistance (fixed value), by V Dynamic electrolysis voltage A formula, which is adjusted at intervals of 30 minutes, wherein the adjustment range is 3.1-4.2V); and stopping electrolysis for 21 hours, naturally cooling, opening a furnace cover after the furnace temperature is reduced to room temperature, and respectively cleaning the electrolyzed metal titanium by using dilute hydrochloric acid and water.
The metallic titanium prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention has silver gray metallic luster and higher hardness, and the oxygen content is 900ppm and the titanium content is 99.10wt% by performing X-ray fluorescence spectrum detection analysis on the metallic titanium.
Example 2
36g of titanium dioxide (TiO) is weighed 2 Not less than 96 percent) is added with 36g of deionized water and evenly stirred, and the mixture is extruded into a diameter<Drying 10mm strips, sintering at 900 ℃ for 5 hours in a sintering furnace, naturally cooling, taking out, placing in a graphite crucible, connecting with an iron rod to serve as an electrode, simultaneously placing a carbon rod with the diameter of 20mm and the length of 300mm as a counter electrode, adding 1.5kg of anhydrous calcium chloride and 5 percent (the mass of the anhydrous potassium chloride is 5 percent of the mass of the anhydrous calcium chloride), placing in an electrolytic furnace, vacuumizing, filling with argon, sealing, heating to 850 ℃, respectively calculating and measuring the V at 850 DEG C Enriched voltage And V Electric deoxidation voltage First using V Enriched voltage (1.8V) oxidizing the metal impurities in the titanium dioxide to ensure that the metal impurities are removed from the titanium dioxide in a metal ion form (lasting for 2 hours) so as to increase the purity of the titanium dioxide; then adopt V Dynamic electrolysis voltage (based on the observed electrolytic current (time-varying) and the measured system resistance (fixed value), by V Dynamic electrolysis voltage A formula, which is adjusted at intervals of 1 hour, wherein the adjustment range is 3.3-4.8V); and stopping electrolysis for 24 hours, naturally cooling, opening a furnace cover after the furnace temperature is reduced to room temperature, and respectively cleaning the electrolyzed metal titanium by using dilute hydrochloric acid and water.
The metallic titanium prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention has silver gray metallic luster and higher hardness, and the oxygen content is 1800ppm and the titanium content is 98.91wt% by detecting and analyzing the metallic titanium with X-ray fluorescence spectrum.
Example 3
500g of titanium dioxide (TiO) is weighed 2 Not less than 96 percent) is added with 500g of deionized water, evenly stirred and extruded to form the thickness<7mm, 100mm in length, 50mm in width, drying, sintering at 1000 ℃ in a sintering furnace for 6 hours, naturally cooling, taking out, placing in a carbon steel crucible, connecting with an iron rod as an electrode, simultaneously placing a carbon rod with the diameter of 30mm, the length of 300mm as a counter electrode, adding 20kg of anhydrous calcium chloride and 20% (the mass of the anhydrous sodium chloride is 20% of the mass of the anhydrous calcium chloride), placing in an electrolytic furnace, vacuumizing, filling with argon, sealing, heating to 1000 ℃, respectively calculating and measuring the V at 1000 DEG C Enriched voltage And V Electric deoxidation voltage First using V Enriched voltage (1.9V) oxidizing the metal impurities in the titanium dioxide to remove the metal impurities from the titanium dioxide in a metal ion form (3 hours) so as to increase the purity of the titanium dioxide; then adopt V Dynamic electrolysis voltage (based on the observed electrolytic current (time-varying) and the measured system resistance (fixed value), by V Dynamic electrolysis voltage A formula, which is adjusted at intervals of 2 hours, wherein the adjustment range is 4.5V-6.1V); and stopping electrolysis for 24 hours, naturally cooling, opening a furnace cover after the furnace temperature is reduced to room temperature, and respectively cleaning the electrolyzed metal titanium by using dilute hydrochloric acid and water.
The metallic titanium prepared in the embodiment 3 of the invention has silver gray metallic luster and higher hardness, and the oxygen content is 1900ppm and the titanium content is 98.71wt% by performing X-ray fluorescence spectrum detection analysis on the metallic titanium.
According to the invention, dynamic voltage adjustment is adopted in the process of preparing the metal titanium, compared with constant voltage, the obtained metal titanium has higher purity and better hardness, the time for preparing the metal titanium is shorter, the production efficiency can be improved, the method is suitable for industrial large-scale production and preparation, and meanwhile, the overall quality stability of the metal titanium is higher when a large amount of metal titanium is prepared.
The method provided by the invention achieves better balance in the aspects of process flow compactness, pollutant generation control, electrolysis efficiency improvement, capacity of dynamic capacity adjustment and the like, and fills up short plates in the aspects of complex process flow, heavy environmental pollution burden, low production efficiency, huge price fluctuation and the like in the field of metal titanium smelting.
While the invention has been described and illustrated with reference to specific embodiments thereof, such description and illustration are not intended to limit the invention. It will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims, to adapt a particular situation, material, composition of matter, substance, method or process to the objective, spirit and scope of this application. All such modifications are intended to be within the scope of the claims appended hereto. Although the methods disclosed herein have been described with reference to particular operations being performed in a particular order, it should be understood that these operations may be combined, sub-divided, or reordered to form equivalent methods without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. Accordingly, unless specifically indicated herein, the order and grouping of the operations is not a limitation of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing metallic titanium by a molten salt solid-state deoxidation method comprises the following steps:
molding and sintering titanium dioxide to obtain a sintered product;
electrolyzing the sintered product in chloride to obtain metal titanium;
and dynamically adjusting the electrolysis voltage in the electrolysis process.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sintering temperature is 200-1000 ℃.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the chloride salt is selected from CaCl 2 、LiCl、BaCl 2 One or more of NaCl and KCl.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the cathode structure in the electrolysis process is a sintered product and the anode structure is graphite.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature during electrolysis is 830-1200 ℃.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the chloride salt is melted and enriched during the electrolysis process; and dynamically adjusting the enrichment voltage in the enrichment process to ensure that:
V enriched voltage ≤V Enriched dynamic voltage <V Chloride salt decomposition voltage 。
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrolysis voltage is dynamically adjusted such that:
V electric deoxidation voltage ≤V Dynamic electrolysis voltage <V Chloride salt decomposition voltage 。
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the dynamically adjusted electrolysis voltage is in the range of 3 to 9V.
9. Method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that said V is Chloride salt decomposition voltage 3.04-10.28V.
10. Method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that said V is Enriched voltage 1.2-2.8V;
the V is Electric deoxidation voltage Is 1.93-1.79V.
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| CN117166007A (en) * | 2023-09-06 | 2023-12-05 | 青岛国韬钛金属产业研究院有限公司 | Method for producing solid metallic titanium by molten salt continuous electrolysis |
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