CN115106664A - Ship large-size sectional welding deformation control device and method - Google Patents
Ship large-size sectional welding deformation control device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115106664A CN115106664A CN202210835703.0A CN202210835703A CN115106664A CN 115106664 A CN115106664 A CN 115106664A CN 202210835703 A CN202210835703 A CN 202210835703A CN 115106664 A CN115106664 A CN 115106664A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/003—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to controlling of welding distortion
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for controlling large-size sectional welding deformation of a ship. The temperature adjusting device comprises a plurality of refrigerating units, a heating unit, a power supply and a relay, the refrigerating units are connected in a loop through a lead, the heating unit and the refrigerating units are arranged on a welding plate, and the whole temperature of the welding plate is controlled by controlling the heating/refrigerating units to be opened and closed. The temperature measuring device is arranged on the steel plate near the heating/refrigerating unit and used for measuring and feeding back the temperature of the corresponding position. The computer temperature control device is connected with a relay and a temperature measuring device in the temperature adjusting device, obtains a feedback result of the temperature measuring device and controls the opening and closing of the refrigerating/heating unit by controlling the on-off of the relay. The invention has simple structure and easy realization, can change the deformation state and the temperature field distribution of parts in the welding process and reduce the deformation after welding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ship welding deformation control, in particular to a ship large-size sectional welding deformation control device and method.
Background
When the large-size ship section is welded, uneven and internal rib plate structures are easily generated on the surface of the section due to uneven heating, which is called as 'thin horse' phenomenon. Due to the fact that the ship is complex in large-size structure design and high in manufacturing precision requirement, the requirement for ship plate welding deformation control is extremely high. The traditional submerged arc welding, semi-automatic gas shielded welding and other methods are adopted for welding, large welding deformation is generated due to large welding heat input quantity, the increase of residual stress is brought by applying strong restraint, and the welding precision is still influenced by the residual stress in the subsequent welding process; the post-welding correction method can increase a large workload, and the precision requirement of large-size section welding of the ship is difficult to meet. Therefore, the need to research a novel welding deformation control method is a key to be urgently broken through in the technological process of the large-size sectional welding production line of the ship.
The laser-arc hybrid welding uses a laser heat source as a main body and an arc heat source as a second heat source, and the two heat sources are mutually compounded to act on the same molten pool. Therefore, from the technical characteristic point of view, the laser-arc hybrid welding is suitable for the manufacturing requirement of a large-size ship section production line. Marine component welds are typically several or even tens of meters. When a long welding seam is welded, due to the welding time difference, when a later welding part is welded, the first welding part is refrigerated and solidified, when the later welding part is solidified, the later welding part is not only subjected to the action of the solidified shrinkage force of the later welding part, but also subjected to the stretching action of the first welding part, and the distribution nonuniformity of the thermal stress in the length direction of the welding seam is serious; the thickness of the thin plate in the ship can reach 5-8 mm, compared with the thickness of the traditional ship which is more than 20mm, the rigidity of parts is poorer when the thin plate is welded, the welding deformation of the thin plate is extremely complex, and the buckling deformation of complex shapes such as a saddle shape and the like can occur.
Therefore, the problem of large-size section welding of the ship mainly comes from the nonuniformity of thermal stress distribution, and the design of the reasonable temperature field regulation and control method is the key for solving the deformation control of the large-size section laser composite welding of the ship.
Therefore, those skilled in the art are devoted to developing a large-sized sectional welding deformation control device and method for ships.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: the reasonably designed temperature field regulating and controlling device and method realize the welding deformation control of large-size sections of ships and inhibit the problem of part buckling deformation caused by uneven distribution of thermal stress.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a large-size sectional welding deformation control device for a ship, which is characterized by comprising a temperature adjusting device, a temperature measuring device and a computer temperature control device;
the temperature adjusting device comprises a plurality of refrigerating units, a heating unit, a power supply and a relay, the refrigerating units are connected in a loop through a lead, the heating unit and the refrigerating units are arranged on a welded plate and are arranged on the welded plate, the computer temperature control device controls the refrigerating units and the heating units in the temperature adjusting device to be opened and closed according to the welding time and the measuring result of the temperature measuring device, the heat around the welding seam can be effectively reduced due to the addition of the refrigerating units, the cooling effect is achieved on the welding seam, meanwhile, the heat distribution in the welding direction is more uniform, the welding seam shrinkage force is reduced, and the possibility of buckling deformation is reduced. The addition of the heating unit can form a thermal stretching force in the direction vertical to the welding seam so as to inhibit the transverse shrinkage of the welding seam, and the heat distribution in the direction vertical to the welding seam is more uniform so as to reduce the shrinkage force of the welding seam, thereby reducing the deformation after welding and reducing the possibility of generating buckling deformation;
the temperature measuring device comprises a plurality of temperature measuring units, is arranged on a steel plate near a heating unit/a refrigerating unit in the temperature adjusting device and is used for measuring the temperature of the corresponding position and feeding back the measuring result to the computer temperature control device; the computer temperature control device is connected with a relay and a temperature measuring device in the temperature adjusting device, obtains a feedback result of the temperature measuring device and controls the opening and closing of the refrigerating/heating unit by controlling the on-off of the relay.
Further, the heating/cooling unit in the thermostat may be configured as a semiconductor cooling fin or a thermal resistor.
Further, the arrangement mode of the heating unit/the refrigerating unit in the temperature adjusting device is external clamping or hot melt adhesive fixing.
Furthermore, the action time period of the refrigerating unit and the heating unit in the temperature adjusting device can be that the refrigerating/heating is kept in the whole welding process, the refrigerating/heating is started at a certain time in the welding process till the welding is finished, and the refrigerating/heating is started at a certain time in the welding process till the subsequent temperature measuring device measures the temperature difference between the temperature around the welding seam and the temperature difference of the steel plates nearby the refrigerating unit and the heating unit in the temperature adjusting device nearby the welding seam, wherein the temperature difference is less than 100 ℃.
Further, the temperature measuring unit in the temperature measuring device can be configured as a thermocouple.
Further, the computer temperature control device can be configured as a PLC or an industrial personal computer.
Furthermore, the arrangement mode of the heating or refrigerating units in the temperature adjusting device can be optimized according to the number of welding lines, the distribution of the welding lines and the deformation characteristics of different parts, the critical buckling stress of the parts and the critical buckling size and the buckling deformation form after welding under the same welding parameters can be analyzed by using a theoretical analysis and finite element analysis method before the large-size segmented welding of the ship, and the inhibition effect of changing the arrangement distance, the number and the position of the heating/refrigerating units on the buckling deformation of the parts is analyzed, so that the optimized arrangement mode of the refrigerating/heating units is obtained.
Further, the heating or cooling units in the temperature adjustment device can be moved reasonably during the welding process, thereby simplifying the number of heating or cooling units required.
Further, the computer temperature control device can be combined with real-time welding deformation measurement and welding pool state detection equipment to provide optimal decision of the starting or closing time of the heating and cooling unit.
The invention also provides a ship large-size sectional welding deformation control method, which is used for controlling the welding deformation by adopting the ship large-size sectional welding deformation control device and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preprocessing the surface of a part to be welded to ensure the surface to be clean;
and 8, turning off all the temperature measuring devices, the refrigerating unit and the heating unit until the whole welding is finished.
Further, the parameters of the laser-arc hybrid welding in the step 5 are 12.8kw of laser power, 328A of arc welding current, 31.3V of voltage, 13.8m/min of wire feeding speed, 240cm/min of welding speed and 3mm of light wire spacing, and an arc guiding mode is adopted.
Further, in step 6, the position adjacent to the direction perpendicular to the weld joint is within a range of less than 150 mm.
Further, in step 7, when the temperature difference between the surrounding temperature of the weld and the temperature of the steel plate near the cooling unit and the heating unit is less than 100 degrees centigrade, the cooling unit and the heating unit at the corresponding positions are closed.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has simple structure and easy realization, can change the deformation state of parts in the welding process, can effectively reduce the postweld shrinkage force of the welding seam under the action of the thermal stretching generated by the heating unit and the cooling effect of the cooling unit on the welding seam, inhibits the buckling deformation of the ship large-size section, and can reduce the welding deformation of the ship large-size section in the laser composite welding process by more than 50 percent. The heating/cooling unit arrangement is convenient, and the practicability of the device is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-sized sectional welding deformation control device for a ship according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the arrangement position of a heating/cooling unit in the temperature adjusting means according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic size diagram of a heating/cooling unit in a thermostat according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling welding deformation of a large-sized section of a ship according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the predicted effect of the large-sized sectional welding deformation control device for the ship according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numeral, 1-a power supply, 2-a relay, 3-an arc welding torch, 4-a laser welding torch, 5-a computer temperature control device, 6-a part to be welded, 7-a heating unit, 8-a temperature measuring unit, 9-a refrigerating unit, 10-a temperature measuring device, and 11-a temperature adjusting device.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
Example 1
The invention provides a device and a method for controlling large-size sectional welding deformation of a ship.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-sized sectional welding deformation control device for a ship according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the welding device comprises a power supply 1, a relay 2, an arc welding gun 3, a laser welding gun 4, a computer temperature control device 5, a part to be welded 6, a heating unit 7, a temperature measuring device 8, a refrigerating unit 9, a temperature measuring device 10 and a temperature adjusting device 11. Temperature measuring device 10 contains 24 temperature measuring unit 8, temperature regulation apparatus 11 contains 2 refrigerating unit 9 and 2 heating unit 7, heating/refrigerating unit arranges on welded plate 6, treat welded plate 6 in this example and utilize laser electric arc hybrid welding system to include electric arc welder 3 and laser welding welder 4 to weld, each heating unit 7, refrigerating unit 9 links to each other through the wire with power 1 and relay 2 and forms temperature regulation apparatus 11, relay 2 and temperature measuring unit 8 link to each other through the wire with computer temperature control device 5, by computer temperature control device 5 according to the welding moment and the temperature value control of temperature measuring unit 8 each heating unit 7, the opening of refrigerating unit 9, close moment.
As shown in fig. 2, the heating/cooling unit arrangement position diagram of the thermostat according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes 12 heating units 7 and 12 cooling units 9, and 24 temperature measuring units 8, which are arranged in six rows, and the enlarged partial view shows the operation forms and wiring modes of the cooling units and the heating units.
As shown in fig. 3, the size of the heating/cooling unit in the thermostat according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is schematically illustrated, and the single heating/cooling unit has a length, a width of 100mm and a height of 10 mm. The enlarged detail shows that the cooling unit is made up of several semiconductors and the heating unit is made up of a thermal resistor.
As shown in fig. 4, a flow chart of a welding deformation control process for a large-sized ship butt-joint part according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
step 1, pretreating the surface of a part 6 to be welded to ensure the surface to be clean;
and 8, turning off all the temperature measuring devices 10 and the temperature adjusting devices 11 until the whole welding is finished.
As shown in fig. 5, a schematic diagram of the predicted effect of the large-size sectional welding deformation control device for ships according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention compares whether the post-welding deformation of the plate 6 to be welded is perpendicular to the plate direction with the edge line L1 after laser composite welding using the device of the present invention, and it can be found that the device and method used in the present invention can suppress the buckling deformation of the plate and reduce the overall welding deformation by about 70%, when the device and method are not used, the maximum forward deformation of the edge line L1 is 2.8mm, the maximum reverse deformation is-4.6 mm, when the device and method are used, the maximum forward deformation is 1.2mm, and the maximum reverse deformation is-1.4 mm.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A ship large-size sectional welding deformation control device is characterized by comprising a temperature adjusting device, a temperature measuring device and a computer temperature control device;
the temperature adjusting device comprises a plurality of refrigerating units, a heating unit, a power supply and a relay, the refrigerating units, the heating unit and the refrigerating unit are connected in a loop through leads, the heating unit and the refrigerating unit are arranged on a welded plate, and the computer temperature control device controls the opening and closing time of the refrigerating unit and the heating unit in the temperature adjusting device according to the welding time and the result measured by the temperature measuring device;
the temperature measuring device comprises a plurality of temperature measuring units which are arranged on a steel plate near a heating unit/a refrigerating unit in the temperature adjusting device and used for measuring the temperature of the corresponding position and feeding back the measuring result to the computer temperature control device;
the computer temperature control device is connected with a relay and a temperature measuring device in the temperature adjusting device, obtains a feedback result of the temperature measuring device and controls the opening and closing of the refrigerating/heating unit by controlling the on-off of the relay.
2. The marine large-size sectional welding deformation control device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating unit/cooling unit in the temperature adjusting device is configured as a semiconductor cooling plate or a thermal resistor.
3. The control device for the large-size sectional welding deformation of the ship as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating unit/the refrigerating unit in the temperature adjusting device is arranged in an external clamping manner or a hot melt adhesive fixing manner.
4. The large-size sectional welding deformation control device for the ship as claimed in claim 1, wherein the action time period of the cooling unit and the heating unit in the temperature adjusting device is that the cooling/heating is kept during the whole welding process, the cooling/heating is started to the end of the welding process at a certain moment, and the cooling/heating is started to the subsequent temperature measuring device at a certain moment during the welding process, so that the temperature difference between the ambient temperature of the welding seam and the temperature of the steel plate near the cooling unit and the heating unit is less than 100 ℃.
5. The large-size sectional welding deformation control device for the ship as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature measuring unit of the temperature measuring device can be configured as a thermocouple.
6. The large-size ship section welding deformation control device according to claim 1, wherein the computer temperature control device is configured as a PLC or an industrial personal computer.
7. A ship large-size subsection welding deformation control method, which adopts the ship large-size subsection welding deformation control device as claimed in any one of claims 1-6 to control welding deformation, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preprocessing the surface of a part to be welded to ensure the surface to be clean;
step 2, fixing a refrigerating unit and a heating unit of the temperature regulating device on the surface of a part to be welded through clamping of a hot melt adhesive or a clamp;
step 3, connecting a refrigerating unit and a heating unit in the temperature adjusting device with a relay and a power supply through leads, and connecting the relay with the computer temperature control device;
step 4, arranging temperature measuring units of the temperature measuring device near a refrigerating unit and a heating unit in the temperature adjusting device, and connecting the temperature measuring units with the computer temperature control device;
step 5, carrying out laser-arc hybrid welding on the plate to be welded;
step 6, starting a refrigerating unit and a heating unit in the temperature adjusting device at the adjacent positions in the direction perpendicular to the welding line according to the welding time through the computer temperature control device, and monitoring the temperature through the temperature measuring device;
step 7, when the temperature around the welding seam is close to the temperature of the steel plate near the refrigerating unit and the heating unit in the temperature adjusting device nearby, closing the refrigerating unit and the heating unit in the temperature adjusting device at the corresponding positions;
and 8, closing the temperature measuring device and the temperature adjusting device until the whole welding is finished.
8. The method for controlling the deformation during the welding of the ship by the large-size section as claimed in claim 7, wherein the parameters of the laser-arc hybrid welding in the step 5 are laser power 12.8kw, arc welding current 328A, voltage 31.3V, wire feeding speed 13.8m/min, welding speed 240cm/min, filament spacing of 3mm, and arc guiding.
9. The method for controlling the welding deformation of the ship large-size sections according to claim 7, wherein in the step 6, the adjacent position in the vertical welding line direction is within a distance of less than 150 mm.
10. The method for controlling the welding deformation of the ship large-size sections according to claim 7, wherein in the step 7, when the temperature difference between the surrounding temperature of the welding seam and the temperature of the steel plate near the cooling unit and the heating unit in the temperature adjusting device nearby is less than 100 degrees centigrade, the cooling unit and the heating unit in the temperature adjusting device at the corresponding position are closed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210835703.0A CN115106664A (en) | 2022-07-15 | 2022-07-15 | Ship large-size sectional welding deformation control device and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210835703.0A CN115106664A (en) | 2022-07-15 | 2022-07-15 | Ship large-size sectional welding deformation control device and method |
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| CN111230262A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-06-05 | 江苏中铁山桥重工有限公司 | Method for controlling and correcting welding deformation of thin plate |
| CN112570861A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-30 | 天津新港船舶重工有限责任公司 | Control method for welding deformation of sheet sectional construction |
| CN113042945A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-06-29 | 广船国际有限公司 | Weld joint processing device |
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2022
- 2022-07-15 CN CN202210835703.0A patent/CN115106664A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101786213A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2010-07-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for controlling generation of cold crack in welding process based on electromagnetic induction heating |
| CN102632344A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-08-15 | 华泰(南通)船务有限公司 | Welding deformation control process for ship superstructure |
| CN105033004A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-11-11 | 北京卫星制造厂 | Lightweight wall plate laser-inducing flexible forming system and method |
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