CN115102203A - Energy storage and discharge method of cogeneration unit under deep peak shaving operation - Google Patents
Energy storage and discharge method of cogeneration unit under deep peak shaving operation Download PDFInfo
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- CN115102203A CN115102203A CN202211036419.3A CN202211036419A CN115102203A CN 115102203 A CN115102203 A CN 115102203A CN 202211036419 A CN202211036419 A CN 202211036419A CN 115102203 A CN115102203 A CN 115102203A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy storage and release method of a cogeneration unit under deep peak regulation operation, which belongs to the field of power generation of cogeneration turbines, wherein a calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device is arranged; when the power generation requirement of the power grid on the steam turbine set is increased, the desalted water is sprayed into the calcium oxide storing heat energy, a large amount of steam can be generated in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, and the steam is used for pushing the small steam turbine set to generate power; another calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device and a steam electric boiler are arranged, and electricity generated by the cogeneration unit under the minimum steam quantity is converted into steam through the electric boiler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cogeneration steam turbine generator unit, in particular to an energy storage and discharge system and an energy storage and discharge method which can improve the economic benefit of a power plant when the cogeneration turbine generator unit operates in deep peak shaving in a heating period in winter.
Background
The power generation load of the cogeneration coal-fired unit of the existing thermal power plant is changed in proportion to the power supply load; on the premise of rapid development of new energy power, a thermal power plant cogeneration coal-fired unit becomes a peak shaving unit gradually; the daily power generation load of a coal-fired thermal power generating unit is required to be adjusted to peak and often fluctuates between 0 and 100 percent, the steam inlet quantity of a steam turbine unit of a cogeneration coal-fired unit also fluctuates between 30 and 100 percent along with the power generation load, so that the steam outlet quantity of the steam turbine unit also fluctuates along with the steam inlet quantity, the heat supply capacity of the cogeneration also fluctuates along with the steam inlet quantity, and the phenomenon that the steam turbine unit cannot meet the heat supply load requirement of a heat supply network occurs; especially when the electric wire netting requires zero power generation output, because the turboset can not be shut down to operate, in order to deal with this kind of condition, some power plants set up the electric boiler in the power plant, the electric quantity that sends out through the turboset is absorbed through the electric boiler that sets up in the power plant, guarantee the zero power of online electric quantity, change the heat of electric boiler into steam and hot water storage or external supply, the shortcoming of this technique is that the high energy is low-usage, although satisfied the zero power requirement of electric wire netting, the energy consumption is unreasonable, passes through the electric boiler with electric power and changes into hot water or steam, the energy conversion efficiency is lower, the high energy is low-usage, does not accord with the principle of step energy consumption.
During heating in winter, the cogeneration coal-fired unit of the thermal power plant takes double tasks of supplying power to a power grid and supplying heat to a heat supply network; according to the load requirement of the power grid, when the turboset is in peak load regulation operation, the steam supply quantity of a high-pressure cylinder needs to be reduced so as to meet the purpose of reducing power generation delivery, and the prior art generally adopts two modes to realize the aims: the first way is to reduce the steam supply of the high pressure cylinder by adjusting the high pressure bypass valve of the steam turbine set, the high pressure bypass valve belongs to expensive equipment, and the valve is frequently adjusted to a large extent, which can cause the damage of the valve; the second mode is that the steam extraction amount at the communicating pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder is increased, and the extracted steam is used for heating the return water in the heat supply network, and the mode uses the high-quality steam for heating the low-quality hot water, belongs to the high-energy and low-use mode, and does not accord with the energy utilization principle of 'temperature matching and energy gradient utilization'; how to realize the energy gradient utilization of high-quality steam aiming at the peak regulation of a power grid and comprehensively improve the economic benefit of a power plant becomes a problem to be solved on site.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an energy storage and discharge method of a cogeneration unit under deep peak shaving operation, which solves the technical problems of realizing gradient utilization of energy of high-quality steam and improving the economic benefit of a power plant aiming at deep peak shaving of a power grid.
The general concept of the invention is: arranging a calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, when a turbine set carries out peak regulation according to the dispatching requirement of a power grid, introducing redundant power generation steam into the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, arranging calcium hydroxide at the bottom of the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, baking the calcium hydroxide by the introduced high-temperature steam to convert the calcium hydroxide into calcium oxide and separate out water, absorbing a large amount of heat in the process that the calcium hydroxide is converted into calcium oxide and water by baking and dehydrating, converting the heat energy in high-quality steam into calcium oxide and storing the calcium oxide, and storing the separated out water into a separated-out water storage tank independently arranged in a desalted water tank; meanwhile, a small-sized steam turbine set is arranged in a power plant, the small-sized steam turbine set is connected with a calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, when the power generation requirement of a power grid on the steam turbine set is increased, water in a separated water storage tank independently arranged in a desalted water tank is conveyed to the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device and is sprayed into calcium oxide to be converted into calcium hydroxide, a large amount of heat is released in the process of converting the calcium hydroxide into the calcium hydroxide, simultaneously, desalted water in the desalted water tank is conveyed into a heat exchanger of the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device through a water feeding pump, a large amount of heat released in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device converts the desalted water in the heat exchanger of the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device into high-quality steam, the steam pushes the small-sized steam turbine set to generate electricity, and heat energy in the calcium oxide is converted into electric power generation energy of the small-turbine set, the electric energy is transmitted to a power grid to meet the increase of the power supply requirement of the power grid, a steam-water heat exchanger is connected to the small steam turbine set, and steam exhausted by the back pressure of the small steam turbine is used for heating water in the heat supply network; meanwhile, a second calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device and a steam-electric boiler are arranged, when the power grid requires on-grid electricity and zero output, electricity generated by the cogeneration unit under the minimum steam flow is sent to the steam-electric boiler, the electricity is converted into steam through the electric boiler, the steam output by the electric boiler enters the second calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, calcium hydroxide in the steam-electric boiler is converted into calcium oxide and water, the power generation electric energy of the power plant is converted into heat energy of high-temperature calcium oxide on site, the aim of zero external power transmission is achieved, and the precipitated water is sent into a second precipitation water tank independently arranged in a demineralized water tank; when the power grid needs to supply power, the heat energy in the second calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device is converted into steam, the steam is used for pushing the second small-sized steam turbine generator to generate electricity, the generated electricity is supplied to the power grid, and the steam discharged by the back pressure of the second small-sized steam turbine is used for heating water in the heat supply network, so that the storage and high-efficiency conversion of high-quality heat energy are realized, and the gradient utilization of the heat energy is realized.
An energy storage and release system of a cogeneration unit under deep peak regulation operation comprises a steam extraction pipeline at the joint of a medium-low pressure cylinder of the cogeneration unit, a calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, a desalted water tank, a small turbo generator unit, an electrical outlet in a power plant, a steam electric boiler, a second calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, a second desalted water tank and a second small turbo generator unit, wherein a separated water storage tank is independently arranged in the desalted water tank, water in the separated water storage tank is isolated from desalted water in the desalted water tank, a steam-water heat exchanger of desalted water is arranged in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, the structure of the second calcium oxide high-heat-density heat storage device is completely the same as that of the calcium oxide high-heat-storage device, the structure of the second desalted water tank is completely the same as that of the desalted water tank, and the steam extraction pipeline at the joint of the medium-low pressure cylinder of the cogeneration unit is communicated with the calcium oxide high-heat storage device The calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device is provided with a spraying water pipeline, the other end of the spraying water pipeline is communicated with a separated water storage tank in the demineralized water tank, the lower part of the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device is provided with a demineralized water conveying pipeline, one end of the demineralized water conveying pipeline is communicated with a vapor heat exchanger of demineralized water arranged in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, and the other end of the demineralized water conveying pipeline is communicated with the demineralized water tank; the upper part of the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device is provided with a heat storage steam output pipeline, and the other end of the heat storage steam output pipeline is communicated with a steam input pipeline of the small turbo generator set; an electric outlet wire in the power plant is electrically connected with a steam electric boiler, the steam electric boiler is connected with a second calcium dioxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device through a steam output pipeline of the electric boiler, and an electric boiler power distribution device is arranged on the electric outlet wire in the power plant; on the high heat-retaining density heat-retaining device of second calcium dioxide, be provided with the second calcium dioxide and analyse water and spray water pipeline, the other end and the second demineralized water case intercommunication of water and spray water pipeline are analysed to the second calcium dioxide and are in the same place, in the lower part of the high heat-retaining density heat-retaining device of second calcium dioxide, be provided with second demineralized water pipeline, the one end of second demineralized water pipeline and the steam heat exchanger intercommunication of the second demineralized water that sets up in the high heat-retaining density heat-retaining device of second calcium dioxide are in the same place, the other end and the second demineralized water case intercommunication of second demineralized water pipeline are in the same place.
The desalting water tank is also respectively provided with a desalting water input pipeline and a spray water replenishing pipeline; a steam-water extraction pipeline of the small steam turbine unit is arranged on the small steam turbine unit, and the other end of the steam-water extraction pipeline of the small steam turbine unit is connected with a steam-water heat exchanger; the steam-water heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the heat supply network return water main pipe through a water input pipeline and a water output pipeline; a second desalted water input pipeline and a condensed water pipeline are respectively arranged on the second desalted water tank, and the condensed water pipeline is communicated with the steam electric boiler; a steam extraction pipeline of the second small steam turbine unit is arranged on the second small steam turbine unit, and the other end of the steam extraction pipeline of the second small steam turbine unit is connected with a second steam-water heat exchanger; the second steam-water heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the heat supply network return water main pipe through a second water input pipeline and a second water output pipeline.
An energy storage and release method of a cogeneration unit under deep peak regulation operation comprises a steam extraction pipeline at the joint of a medium-low pressure cylinder of the cogeneration unit, a calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device, a desalting water tank, a small turbo generator unit, an electrical outlet wire in a power plant, a steam electric boiler, a second calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device, a second desalting water tank and a second small turbo generator unit, a separated water storage tank is independently arranged in the desalted water tank, water in the separated water storage tank is isolated from the desalted water in the desalted water tank, in the high heat-retaining density heat-retaining device of calcium oxide, be provided with the steam heat exchanger of demineralized water, the structure of the high heat-retaining density heat-retaining device of second calcium oxide is the same with the structure of the high heat-retaining density heat-retaining device of calcium oxide, and the structure of second demineralized water case is the same with the structure of demineralized water case, its characterized in that:
when the peak regulation is carried out on the power grid and the cogeneration unit is required to reduce the power transmission to the power grid, the reduced high-temperature steam originally used for power generation enters the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device through the steam pumping pipeline at the joint of the medium and low pressure cylinders, the calcium hydroxide in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device is baked to generate calcium oxide and water, and the heat in the introduced high-temperature steam is stored in the calcium oxide;
when the power grid carries out deep peak shaving and the zero output of the on-grid electricity quantity of the cogeneration unit is required, the electricity generated by the steam turbine unit under the minimum steam quantity is supplied to a steam electric boiler through an electric outlet wire in a power plant, the steam electric boiler converts electric energy into steam, the steam enters a second calcium dioxide high heat storage density heat storage device through a steam output pipeline of the electric boiler, calcium hydroxide in the second calcium dioxide high heat storage density heat storage device is baked to generate calcium oxide and water, and the heat in the introduced high-temperature steam is stored in the calcium oxide;
when the cogeneration unit is required to increase power transmission to a power grid, the desalted water in the desalted water is conveyed to a water vapor heat exchanger of the desalted water in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, meanwhile, water in the water storage tank is separated out and enters the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device through a spray water pipeline, high-temperature calcium oxide is sprayed to be converted into calcium hydroxide and generate high-temperature steam, the generated high-temperature steam heats the desalted water in the water vapor heat exchanger and converts the water into steam, the converted steam enters the small steam turbine generator unit through a heat-storage steam output pipeline to drive the small steam turbine generator unit to generate electricity, and the electricity generated by the small steam turbine generator unit is sent to the power grid so as to meet the requirement of power transmission increase of the power grid;
when the cogeneration unit is required to further increase power transmission to a power grid, water in a second separated water storage tank in a second demineralized water tank is conveyed to a second calcium dioxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device, high-temperature calcium oxide is sprayed to be converted into calcium hydroxide and generate high-temperature steam, the generated high-temperature steam heats demineralized water in a water vapor heat exchanger in the second calcium dioxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device and is converted into steam, the steam enters a second small-sized steam turbine generator unit through a second heat-storage steam output pipeline and drives the second small-sized steam turbine generator unit to generate power, and the power generated by the second small-sized steam turbine generator unit is sent to the power grid so as to meet the requirement that the power transmission of the power grid is further increased.
A steam-water extraction pipeline of the small steam turbine unit is arranged on the small steam turbine unit, and the other end of the steam-water extraction pipeline of the small steam turbine unit is connected with a steam-water heat exchanger; the steam-water heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the heat supply network backwater main pipe through a water input pipeline and a water output pipeline, and part of steam in the small-sized steam turbine set is extracted to heat backwater in the heat supply network backwater main pipe.
A steam extraction pipeline of a second small steam turbine unit is arranged on the second small steam turbine unit, and the other end of the steam extraction pipeline of the second small steam turbine unit is connected with a second steam-water heat exchanger; the second steam-water heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the heat supply network backwater main pipe through a second water input pipeline and a second water output pipeline, and part of steam in the second small-sized steam turbine unit is extracted to heat backwater in the heat supply network backwater main pipe.
The invention realizes the thermoelectric decoupling of the cogeneration unit under the peak load regulation of the power grid, realizes the cascade heat storage and cascade heat release utilization of high-temperature and high-pressure steam by storing and releasing heat energy through the high-density heat storage and release system, particularly can convert the electric quantity into high-quality heat energy for storage when the on-grid electric quantity is zero, and releases the high-quality heat energy for power generation when needed, thereby fully exerting the high-quality energy and greatly improving the economic benefit of a power plant.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
an energy storage and release system of a cogeneration unit under deep peak regulation operation comprises a steam extraction pipeline 1 at the connection part of a medium and low pressure cylinder of the cogeneration unit, a calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, a desalted water tank 10, a small turbo generator unit 4, an electric outgoing line 15 in a power plant, a steam electric boiler 17, a second calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 19, a second desalted water tank 26 and a second small turbo generator unit 21, wherein a precipitated water storage tank is independently arranged in the desalted water tank 10, water in the precipitated water storage tank is isolated from desalted water in the desalted water tank 10, a water vapor heat exchanger of desalted water is arranged in the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, the structure of the second calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 19 is completely the same as that of the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, the structure of the second desalted water tank 26 is completely the same as that of the desalted water tank 10, a steam pumping pipeline 1 at the joint of a medium-low pressure cylinder of the cogeneration unit is communicated with a calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, a spray water pipeline 11 is arranged on the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, the other end of the spray water pipeline 11 is communicated with a precipitated water storage tank in a demineralized water tank 10, a demineralized water conveying pipeline 12 is arranged at the lower part of the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, one end of the demineralized water conveying pipeline 12 is communicated with a water-vapor heat exchanger of demineralized water arranged in the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, and the other end of the demineralized water conveying pipeline 12 is communicated with the demineralized water tank 10; the upper part of the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2 is provided with a heat storage steam output pipeline 3, and the other end of the heat storage steam output pipeline 3 is communicated with a steam input pipeline of the small turbo generator set 4; an electric outlet 15 in the power plant is electrically connected with a steam electric boiler 17, the steam electric boiler 17 is connected with a second calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 19 through an electric boiler steam output pipeline 18, and an electric boiler power distribution device 16 is arranged on the electric outlet 15 in the power plant; on the second calcium dioxide high heat storage density heat storage device 19, a second calcium dioxide precipitation water and spray water pipeline 28 is arranged, the other end of the second calcium dioxide precipitation water and spray water pipeline 28 is communicated with a second demineralized water tank 26, a second demineralized water conveying pipeline 29 is arranged at the lower part of the second calcium dioxide high heat storage density heat storage device 19, one end of the second demineralized water conveying pipeline 29 is communicated with a water vapor heat exchanger of second demineralized water arranged in the second calcium dioxide high heat storage density heat storage device 19, and the other end of the second demineralized water conveying pipeline 29 is communicated with the second demineralized water tank 26.
The demineralized water tank 10 is also provided with a demineralized water input pipeline 14 and a spray water replenishing pipeline 13 respectively; a steam extraction pipeline 5 of the small steam turbine unit is arranged on the small steam turbine unit 4, and a steam-water heat exchanger 6 is connected to the other end of the steam extraction pipeline 5 of the small steam turbine unit; the steam-water heat exchanger 6 is connected in parallel to the heat supply network backwater main pipe 7 through a water input pipeline 8 and a water output pipeline 9; a second demineralized water input pipeline 30 and a condensed water pipeline 27 are respectively arranged on the second demineralized water tank 26, and the condensed water pipeline 27 is communicated with the steam electric boiler 17; a steam extraction pipeline 22 of the second small steam turbine unit is arranged on the second small steam turbine unit 21, and a second steam-water heat exchanger 23 is connected to the other end of the steam extraction pipeline 22 of the second small steam turbine unit; the second steam-water heat exchanger 23 is connected in parallel to the heat supply network return water main pipe 7 through a second water input pipeline 24 and a second water output pipeline 25.
A method for storing and discharging energy of a cogeneration unit under deep peak regulation operation comprises a steam extraction pipeline 1 at the joint of a medium-low pressure cylinder of the cogeneration unit, a calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, a desalted water tank 10, a small turbo generator unit 4, an electric outlet 15 in a power plant, a steam electric boiler 17, a second calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 19, a second desalted water tank 26 and a second small turbo generator unit 21, wherein an effluent storage tank is independently arranged in the desalted water tank 10, water in the effluent storage tank is isolated from desalted water in the desalted water tank 10, a water vapor heat exchanger of desalted water is arranged in the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, the structure of the second calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 19 is completely the same as that of the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, and the structure of the second desalted water tank 26 is completely the same as that of the desalted water tank 10, the method is characterized in that:
when the peak load of the power grid is regulated and the cogeneration unit is required to reduce the power transmission to the power grid, the reduced high-temperature steam originally used for power generation enters the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device 2 through the steam pumping pipeline 1 at the joint of the medium and low pressure cylinders, the calcium hydroxide in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device 2 is baked to generate calcium oxide and water, and the heat in the introduced high-temperature steam is stored in the calcium oxide;
when the power grid carries out deep peak shaving and the zero output of the on-grid electricity quantity of the cogeneration unit is required, the electricity generated by the steam turbine unit under the minimum steam quantity is supplied to the steam electric boiler 17 through an electric outlet 15 in the power plant, the steam electric boiler 17 converts the electric energy into steam, the steam enters the second calcium dioxide high heat storage density heat storage device 19 through an electric boiler steam output pipeline 18, calcium hydroxide in the second calcium dioxide high heat storage density heat storage device 19 is baked to generate calcium oxide and water, and the heat in the introduced high-temperature steam is stored in the calcium oxide;
when the cogeneration unit is required to increase power transmission to a power grid, the demineralized water in the demineralized water tank 10 is conveyed to a water vapor heat exchanger of the demineralized water in the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2, meanwhile, water in the water storage tank is separated out and enters the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device 2 through a spray water pipeline 11, high-temperature calcium oxide is sprayed to be converted into calcium hydroxide, high-temperature steam is generated, the generated high-temperature steam heats the demineralized water in the water vapor heat exchanger to be converted into steam, the converted steam enters the small steam turbine generator unit 4 through the heat storage steam output pipeline 3 to drive the small steam turbine generator unit 4 to generate power, and the power generated by the small steam turbine generator unit 4 is sent to the power grid so as to meet the requirement of power grid power transmission increase;
when the cogeneration unit is required to further increase power transmission to the power grid, water in a second separated water storage tank in a second desalted water tank 26 is conveyed into a second calcium dioxide high heat storage density heat storage device 19, high-temperature calcium oxide is sprayed to be converted into calcium hydroxide and generate high-temperature steam, the generated high-temperature steam heats desalted water in a water vapor heat exchanger in the second calcium dioxide high heat storage density heat storage device 19 and is converted into steam, the steam enters a second small turbo-generator unit 21 through a second heat storage steam output pipeline 20 and drives the second small turbo-generator unit 21 to generate power, and the power generated by the second small turbo-generator unit 21 is sent into the power grid so as to meet the requirement of further increase of power transmission of the power grid.
A steam extraction pipeline 5 of the small steam turbine unit is arranged on the small steam turbine unit 4, and a steam-water heat exchanger 6 is connected to the other end of the steam extraction pipeline 5 of the small steam turbine unit; the steam-water heat exchanger 6 is connected in parallel to the heat supply network backwater main pipe 7 through a water input pipeline 8 and a water output pipeline 9, and part of steam in the small-sized steam turbine set is extracted to heat the backwater in the heat supply network backwater main pipe 7.
A steam extraction pipeline 22 of the second small steam turbine unit is arranged on the second small steam turbine unit 21, and a second steam-water heat exchanger 23 is connected to the other end of the steam extraction pipeline 22 of the second small steam turbine unit; the second steam-water heat exchanger 23 is connected in parallel to the heat supply network backwater main pipe 7 through a second water input pipeline 24 and a second water output pipeline 25, and part of steam in the second small-sized steam turbine unit is extracted to heat backwater in the heat supply network backwater main pipe 7.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following characteristics: the calcium oxide high-density heat storage and release system is arranged as an adjusting means, so that most of adjusting functions of a main steam high-pressure bypass adjusting valve of the cogeneration unit are replaced, the service life of the high bypass adjusting valve is greatly prolonged, and the safety of the cogeneration unit is also greatly improved; the heat storage density of the calcium oxide high-density heat storage and release system is more than 1.0 GJ/ton, which is 3-4 times higher than that of the traditional molten salt, and the comprehensive cost is only one third of that of the traditional molten salt, so that the calcium oxide high-density heat storage and release system is a very promising heat storage and release system; (III) realizing the thermoelectric decoupling with low coal consumption in the true sense pursued by the technical personnel in the field; the technical scheme of the invention can increase the heat supply capacity and the power generation capacity of the unit, meet the requirement of 0-110% change of the power generation load of the unit, simultaneously, because the boiler load can always work under the rated working condition, the waste heat is completely utilized, the heat supply capacity is improved by 20-50% compared with the heat supply capacity of the current thermal power plant, the capacity expansion transformation of the existing unit can obviously improve the heat supply capacity, the unit can replace the coal-fired boiler and the gas-fired boiler in the city, and the effects of energy conservation, emission reduction and energy saving and acquisition cost are obvious.
Claims (3)
1. An energy storage and release method of a cogeneration unit under deep peak regulation operation comprises a steam extraction pipeline (1) at the joint of a medium-low pressure cylinder of the cogeneration unit, a calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device (2), a desalting water tank (10), a small turbo generator unit (4), an electric outlet wire (15) in a power plant, a steam electric boiler (17), a second calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device (19), a second desalting water tank (26) and a second small turbo generator unit (21), wherein an effluent storage tank is independently arranged in the desalting water tank (10), water in the effluent storage tank is isolated from desalting water in the desalting water tank (10), a water vapor heat exchanger of desalting water is arranged in the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device (2), and the structure of the second calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device (19) is completely the same as that of the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device (2), the structure of the second demineralized water tank (26) is identical to that of the demineralized water tank (10), characterized in that:
when the peak regulation is carried out on the power grid and the cogeneration unit is required to reduce the power transmission to the power grid, the reduced high-temperature steam originally used for power generation enters the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device (2) through the steam pumping pipeline (1) at the joint of the medium and low pressure cylinders, the calcium hydroxide in the calcium oxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device (2) is baked to generate calcium oxide and water, and the heat in the introduced high-temperature steam is stored in the calcium oxide;
when the power grid carries out deep peak shaving and requires zero output of the on-grid electricity of the cogeneration unit, the electricity generated by the steam turbine unit under the minimum steam quantity is supplied to a steam electric boiler (17) through an electric outlet (15) in the power plant, the steam electric boiler (17) converts electric energy into steam, the steam enters a second calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device (19) through an electric boiler steam output pipeline (18), calcium hydroxide in the second calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device (19) is baked to generate calcium oxide and water, and the heat in the introduced high-temperature steam is stored in the calcium oxide;
when the cogeneration unit is required to increase the power transmission to the power grid, the desalted water in the desalted water tank (10) is conveyed to the water vapor heat exchanger of the desalted water in the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device (2), meanwhile, the water separated out from the water storage tank enters the calcium oxide high heat storage density heat storage device (2) through a spray water pipeline (11), spraying high-temperature calcium oxide to convert the high-temperature calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide, generating high-temperature steam, generating the generated high-temperature steam, the demineralized water in the water-vapor heat exchanger is heated to be converted into steam, the converted steam, enters a small-sized steam turbine generator unit (4) through a heat storage steam output pipeline (3), the small steam turbine generator unit (4) is driven to generate electricity, and the electricity generated by the small steam turbine generator unit (4) is sent to a power grid so as to meet the requirement of power transmission increase of the power grid;
when the cogeneration unit is required to further increase power transmission to a power grid, water in a second separated water storage tank in a second desalted water tank (26) is conveyed into a second calcium dioxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device (19), high-temperature calcium oxide is sprayed to be converted into calcium hydroxide and generate high-temperature steam, the generated high-temperature steam heats desalted water in a water vapor heat exchanger in the second calcium dioxide high-heat-storage-density heat storage device (19) and is converted into steam, the steam enters a second small steam turbine generator unit (21) through a second heat-storage steam output pipeline (20) and drives the second small steam turbine generator unit (21) to generate electricity, and the electricity generated by the second small steam turbine generator unit (21) is sent into the power grid so as to meet the requirement that the power grid power transmission is further increased.
2. The energy storage and release method of the cogeneration unit under the deep peak shaving operation according to claim 1, characterized in that a steam extraction pipeline (5) of the small steam turbine unit is arranged on the small steam turbine unit (4), and the other end of the steam extraction pipeline (5) of the small steam turbine unit is connected with a steam-water heat exchanger (6); the steam-water heat exchanger (6) is connected in parallel to the heat supply network backwater main pipe (7) through a water input pipeline (8) and a water output pipeline (9), and part of steam in the small-sized steam turbine set is extracted to heat the backwater in the heat supply network backwater main pipe (7).
3. The energy storage and release method of the cogeneration unit under the deep peak shaving operation according to claim 1, wherein a steam extraction pipeline (22) of the second small steam turbine unit is arranged on the second small steam turbine unit (21), and a second steam-water heat exchanger (23) is connected to the other end of the steam extraction pipeline (22) of the second small steam turbine unit; the second steam-water heat exchanger (23) is connected in parallel to the heat supply network backwater main pipe (7) through a second water input pipeline (24) and a second water output pipeline (25), and part of steam in the second small-sized steam turbine unit is extracted to heat backwater in the heat supply network backwater main pipe (7).
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