CN111852597A - Variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of thermal power heat supply unit and adjusting method - Google Patents

Variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of thermal power heat supply unit and adjusting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111852597A
CN111852597A CN202010654938.0A CN202010654938A CN111852597A CN 111852597 A CN111852597 A CN 111852597A CN 202010654938 A CN202010654938 A CN 202010654938A CN 111852597 A CN111852597 A CN 111852597A
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China
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steam
pressure
valve
heat supply
steam turbine
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Inventor
梁双印
高满达
王仕龙
王军
冯彦杰
李瑞欣
***
梁承宇
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Beijing North Sanhe Energy Technology Co ltd
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Beijing North Sanhe Energy Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010654938.0A priority Critical patent/CN111852597A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
    • F01D13/02—Working-fluid interconnection of machines or engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/30—Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
    • F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G7/00—Steam superheaters characterised by location, arrangement, or disposition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D12/00—Other central heating systems
    • F24D12/02—Other central heating systems having more than one heat source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/30—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using dynamo-electric machines coupled to flywheels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/08—Electric heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/32—Heat sources or energy sources involving multiple heat sources in combination or as alternative heat sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of a thermal power heat supply unit and an adjusting method, the system comprises a boiler, an outlet of a superheater is connected with a steam inlet of a high-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine through a pipeline provided with a high-pressure main steam valve, a steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is connected with an inlet of a reheater through a pipeline, an outlet of the reheater is connected with a steam inlet of a medium-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine through a pipeline provided with a medium-pressure steam regulating valve, a steam outlet of the medium-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is connected with a heat network heater through a pipeline provided with a heat network valve, a water outlet of the heat network heater is connected with an inlet of a condenser through a pipeline provided with a drain pump, an outlet of the condenser is connected with an inlet of a steam drum through a return water pipe sequentially provided. The method can flexibly meet the heat supply load of the heat supply network and the power generation load of the power grid according to the conditions of initial and final stages of heat supply, peak period and deep peak regulation of the load demand of the power grid.

Description

Variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of thermal power heat supply unit and adjusting method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermoelectric decoupling systems of thermal power heat supply units, in particular to a variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of a thermal power heat supply unit and an adjusting method.
Background
With the increase of the proportion of renewable energy sources in the power grid in China, the operation safety and reliability of the power grid face great challenges. In order to consume more renewable energy in the power grid, the peak load demand of the power grid increases rapidly, and the peak-to-valley difference can reach 1/3 of the maximum load of the power grid. Because of the power generation types and the structural characteristics of the Chinese power grid, the task of power grid peak regulation is mainly undertaken by a thermal generator set. The existing in-service thermal power generating unit comprises a pure condensing steam generating unit and a heat supply unit, the proportion of the heat supply unit assembly is 1/3, and the reduction of the generating load adjusting capacity, namely the reduction of the peak adjusting capacity, is determined by the heat supply load of the thermal power heat supply unit in the heat supply period. Therefore, a thermal power supply unit thermoelectric decoupling technology is provided, and the thermal power supply unit can respectively and simultaneously meet the heat supply load of a heat supply network and the load of a power grid. The existing thermoelectric decoupling technology only changes the heat supply load and the power generation load of a unit by shunting and moving the steam quantity of a boiler, has certain limitation, needs to greatly increase and change hardware equipment, and has larger investment.
An effective solution to the problems in the related art has not been proposed yet.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the related art, the invention provides a variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of a thermal power supply unit, which has a simple structure, improves the thermoelectric decoupling depth of the thermal power supply unit, and can flexibly meet the heat supply load of a heat supply network and the power generation load of a power grid.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a thermoelectricity decoupling system of thermal power heat supply unit variable parameter many step, includes the boiler, the boiler includes combustor, steam pocket, over heater, re-heater, water spray desuperheater, pressure transmitter, temperature sensor and controller, the export of steam pocket passes through the tube coupling the import of over heater, a serial communication port, the export of over heater is through the steam inlet of the tube coupling steam turbine high pressure jar that is provided with high pressure main steam valve, the steam exhaust mouth of steam turbine high pressure jar passes through the tube coupling the import of re-heater, the export of re-heater is through the tube coupling steam inlet of the tube coupling steam turbine intermediate pressure jar that is provided with medium pressure steam governing valve, the steam exhaust mouth of steam turbine intermediate pressure jar is through the tube coupling heat net heater that is provided with the heat net valve, the delivery port of heat net heater is through the import of the tube coupling condenser that is provided with the drain pump, the outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of the steam drum through a water return pipe which is sequentially provided with a condensate pump and a water feed pump, the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine and the medium-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine are respectively connected with the generator through a transmission mechanism, and the generator is connected with a power grid through a first power supply circuit which is respectively provided with a power grid switch and an on-line main transformer.
Furthermore, the steam outlet of the steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder is connected with the steam inlet of the steam turbine low pressure cylinder through a pipeline provided with a low pressure steam regulating valve, the low pressure steam regulating valve is connected with an auxiliary regulating valve in parallel, the steam outlet of the steam turbine low pressure cylinder is connected with the inlet of the condenser through a pipeline, and the steam turbine low pressure cylinder is connected with the generator through a transmission mechanism.
Further, the outlet of the superheater is also connected with the inlet of the reheater through a high-pressure bypass which is respectively provided with a first bypass valve and a first temperature and pressure reducing device.
Further, the export of re-heater is still connected through the low pressure bypass that has set gradually fourth bypass valve, second temperature and pressure reduction ware and third bypass valve the import of condenser, the low pressure bypass is still through the pipe connection that is provided with the heat supply network valve the heat supply network heater, the heat supply network valve connect in between second temperature and pressure reduction ware and the third bypass valve.
Further, the heat supply network heater still is connected with heat supply network wet return and heat supply network delivery pipe, be provided with heat supply network circulating pump and heat supply network wet return valve on the heat supply network wet return respectively, be provided with the water supply valve on the heat supply network delivery pipe respectively, the generator still connects electric boiler through the second power supply line that is provided with service power line switch and service power transformer respectively, electric boiler is through the tube coupling that is provided with electric boiler valve the heat supply network wet return, electric boiler still through the tube coupling that is provided with heat storage water tank and water tank valve respectively the heat supply network delivery pipe, the second power supply line still is connected with the converter, the converter still is connected with flywheel energy memory.
Further, still be provided with condensate pump adjusting valve, oxygen-eliminating device, feed pump adjusting valve, a plurality of low pressure backheat heater and a plurality of high pressure backheat heater on the wet return respectively, condensate pump adjusting valve is located condensate pump with between the condenser, the oxygen-eliminating device is located condensate pump with between the feed pump, low pressure backheat heater is located the oxygen-eliminating device with between the condensate pump, feed pump adjusting valve is located the feed pump with between the oxygen-eliminating device, high pressure backheat heater is located the feed pump with between the steam pocket.
The invention also provides an adjusting method of the variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of the thermal power heat supply unit, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, adjusting the pressure P0 and the temperature T0 of new steam entering a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine and the pressure Pr and the temperature Tr of reheated steam entering a medium-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, and adjusting the opening degree of a high-pressure main steam valve and a medium-pressure steam adjusting valve to reduce the work of the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine and the medium-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine and reduce the power generation amount of a generator, thereby realizing the first-step thermoelectric decoupling.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
s2, the opening degree of the low-pressure steam regulating valve and the opening degree of the auxiliary regulating valve are regulated, so that the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine does zero work, the power generation amount of the generator is further reduced, and accordingly two-step thermoelectric decoupling is achieved.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
and S3, starting a high-pressure bypass and a low-pressure bypass, enabling part of the new steam to enter a reheater through a first temperature and pressure reducer to be changed into the reheated steam, enabling part of the reheated steam to enter a heat supply network heater or a condenser through a second temperature and pressure reducer, reducing the flow rate of the new steam entering the high-pressure turbine cylinder and the flow rate of the reheated steam entering the intermediate-pressure turbine cylinder, reducing the work of the high-pressure turbine cylinder and the intermediate-pressure turbine cylinder, further reducing the power generation of the generator, and further achieving third-step thermoelectric decoupling.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
and S4, starting the electric boiler to consume the electric quantity generated by the generator to realize the fourth step thermoelectric decoupling.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the thermoelectric decoupling type solar water heater has a simple structure, has four stepped thermoelectric decoupling modes, and can flexibly meet the heat supply load of a heat supply network and the power generation load of the power grid according to the conditions of initial and final stages of heat supply, peak period and deep peak regulation of the load demand of the power grid.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of a thermal power heating unit according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
1. a boiler; 2. a superheater; 3. a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine; 4. a turbine intermediate pressure cylinder; 5. a low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine; 6. an auxiliary regulating valve; 7. a high pressure main steam valve; 8. a medium pressure steam regulating valve; 9. a steam regulating valve; 10. a heat supply network valve; 11. a first temperature and pressure reducer; 12. a second temperature and pressure reducer; 13. a first bypass valve; 14. a second bypass valve; 15. a heat supply network valve; 16. a third bypass valve; 17. a condenser; 18. A condensate pump; 19. a heat supply network heater; 20. a heat supply network circulation pump; 21. a heat supply network water return valve; 22. a water supply valve; 23. a water tank valve; 24. an electric boiler valve; 25. a heat storage water tank; 26. a service transformer; 27. a service line switch; 28. a power grid switch; 29. an on-line main transformer; 30. a drain valve; 31. a drain pump; 32. a current transformer; 33. a flywheel energy storage device; 34. an electric boiler; 35. a low-pressure regenerative heater; 36. a feed pump; 37. a high pressure regenerative heater; 38. a generator; 39. a deaerator; 40. a fourth bypass valve; 41. a feed pump regulating valve; 42. a condensate pump regulating valve; 43. an exhaust valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the variable parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of a thermal power supply unit according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a boiler 1, where the boiler 1 includes a combustor, a steam drum, a superheater 2, a reheater, a water spray desuperheater, a pressure transmitter, a temperature sensor and a controller, an outlet of the steam drum is connected to an inlet of the superheater 2 through a pipeline, an outlet of the superheater 2 is connected to a steam inlet of a high pressure steam turbine cylinder 3 through a pipeline provided with a high pressure main steam valve 7, a steam outlet of the high pressure steam turbine cylinder 3 is connected to an inlet of the reheater through a pipeline, an outlet of the reheater is connected to a steam inlet of a medium pressure steam turbine cylinder 4 through a pipeline provided with a medium pressure steam regulating valve 8, a steam outlet of the medium pressure steam turbine cylinder 4 is connected to a heat grid heater 19 through a pipeline provided with a heat grid valve 10, a water outlet of the heat grid heater 19 is connected to an inlet of a condenser 17 through a, the outlet of the condenser 17 is connected with the inlet of the steam drum through a water return pipe which is sequentially provided with a condensate pump 18 and a water feeding pump 36, the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 3 and the steam turbine intermediate-pressure cylinder 4 are respectively connected with a generator 38 through a transmission mechanism, and the generator 38 is connected with a power grid through a first power supply circuit which is respectively provided with a power grid switch 28 and an on-grid main transformer 29.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the steam outlet of the turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 4 is further connected to the steam inlet of the turbine low pressure cylinder 5 through a pipeline provided with a low pressure steam regulating valve 9, the low pressure steam regulating valve 9 is connected in parallel with an auxiliary regulating valve 6, the steam outlet of the turbine low pressure cylinder 5 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 17 through a pipeline, and the turbine low pressure cylinder 5 is connected to the generator 38 through a transmission mechanism.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the outlet of the superheater 2 is also connected to the inlet of the reheater via a high pressure bypass provided with a first bypass valve 13 and a first desuperheater 11, respectively.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the outlet of the reheater is further connected to the inlet of the condenser 17 through a low-pressure bypass, which is sequentially provided with a fourth bypass valve 40, a second bypass valve 14, a second temperature and pressure reducing device 12, and a third bypass valve 16, the low-pressure bypass is further connected to the heat supply network heater 19 through a pipeline provided with a heat supply network valve 15, and the heat supply network valve 15 is connected between the second temperature and pressure reducing device 12 and the third bypass valve 16.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the heat network heater 19 is further connected to a heat network water return pipe and a heat network water supply pipe, the heat network water return pipe is respectively provided with a heat network circulating pump 20 and a heat network water return valve 21, the heat network water supply pipe is respectively provided with a water supply valve 22, the generator 38 is further connected to an electric boiler 34 through a second power supply line respectively provided with an auxiliary power line switch 27 and an auxiliary power transformer 26, the electric boiler 34 is connected to the heat network water return pipe through a pipeline provided with an electric boiler valve 24, the electric boiler 34 is further connected to the heat network water supply pipe through a pipeline respectively provided with a hot water storage tank 25 and a water tank valve 23, the second power supply line is further connected to a converter 32, and the converter 32 is further connected to a flywheel energy storage device 33.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a condensate pump regulating valve 42, a deaerator 39, a water feed pump regulating valve 41, a plurality of low-pressure regenerative heaters 35, and a plurality of high-pressure regenerative heaters 37 are further respectively disposed on the water return pipe, the condensate pump regulating valve 42 is located between the condensate pump 18 and the condenser 17, the deaerator 39 is located between the condensate pump 18 and the water feed pump 36, the low-pressure regenerative heaters 35 are located between the deaerator 39 and the condensate pump 18, the water feed pump regulating valve 41 is located between the water feed pump 36 and the deaerator 39, and the high-pressure regenerative heaters 37 are located between the water feed pump 36 and the steam drum.
The invention also provides an adjusting method of the variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of the thermal power heat supply unit, which comprises the following steps of:
s1 adjusts the pressure P0 and the temperature T0 of the live steam entering the turbine high-pressure cylinder 3 and the pressure Pr and the temperature Tr of the reheated steam entering the turbine intermediate-pressure cylinder 4, and adjusts the openings of the high-pressure main steam valve 7 and the intermediate-pressure steam adjusting valve 8, so as to reduce the work of the turbine high-pressure cylinder 3 and the turbine intermediate-pressure cylinder 4, and reduce the power generation amount of the generator 38, thereby implementing the first-step thermoelectric decoupling.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises the following steps:
s2, the opening degree of the low-pressure steam regulating valve 9 and the opening degree of the auxiliary regulating valve 6 are regulated, so that the low-pressure cylinder 5 of the steam turbine does zero work, the power generation amount of the generator 38 is further reduced, and therefore the two-step thermoelectric decoupling is achieved.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises the following steps:
s3, the high-pressure bypass and the low-pressure bypass are activated, and a part of the live steam enters the reheater through the first temperature and pressure reducer 11 to be changed into the reheated steam, and a part of the reheated steam enters the heat grid heater 19 or the condenser 17 through the second temperature and pressure reducer 12, so as to reduce the flow rate of the live steam entering the turbine high-pressure cylinder 3 and the flow rate of the reheated steam entering the turbine intermediate-pressure cylinder 4, reduce the work of the turbine high-pressure cylinder 3 and the turbine intermediate-pressure cylinder 4, and further reduce the power generation amount of the generator 38, thereby achieving the third step thermoelectric decoupling.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises the following steps:
s4 activating the electric boiler 34 to consume the electric power generated by the generator 38 to implement the fourth step thermoelectric decoupling.
In order to facilitate understanding of the above-described embodiments of the present invention, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided by way of specific usage.
The variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system for the thermal power heat supply unit can meet the thermoelectric decoupling requirement of the 300 MW-1000 MW unit, and comprises a boiler 1, a turbine high-pressure cylinder 3, a turbine medium-pressure cylinder 4, a turbine low-pressure cylinder 5, a first temperature and pressure reducer 11, a second temperature and pressure reducer 12, a condenser 17, a heat network heater 19, a generator 38 and the like.
The boiler 1 comprises a combustor, a steam drum, a superheater 2, a reheater, a water spray desuperheater, a pressure transmitter, a temperature sensor and a controller, wherein the pressure transmitter and the temperature sensor are arranged at an outlet of the superheater 2 and an outlet of the reheater, the pressure transmitter is used for measuring the pressure of steam, and the temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the steam.
The heat supply network heater 19 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 17 through a line provided with a drain valve 30 and a drain pump 31.
The exhaust port of the high-pressure turbine cylinder 3 is connected to the inlet of the reheater through a pipe provided with an exhaust valve 43.
When in specific use: 1) in the heating period or non-heating period, new steam (pressure parameter and temperature parameter are P0 and T0 respectively) from the boiler 1 enters the high-pressure cylinder 3 of the steam turbine to do work through the high-pressure main steam valve 7, then the new steam passes through a reheater to become reheated steam (the pressure parameter and the temperature parameter are respectively Pr and Tr), the reheated steam enters a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 4 through an intermediate pressure steam regulating valve 8 to do work, at the moment, the controller enables the boiler 1 to run in variable parameters according to the heat load demand of the heat supply network and the electricity load demand of the power grid, enables the parameters of the new steam and the parameters of the reheated steam to be changed simultaneously (namely, the values of P0, T0, Pr and Tr are changed), ensures the heat supply output during the heat supply period, the high-pressure main steam valve 7 and the medium-pressure steam regulating valve 8 are used for jointly regulating the work of the high-pressure cylinder 3 and the medium-pressure cylinder 4 of the steam turbine, so that the first-step thermoelectric decoupling of the unit is realized. In the non-heat supply period of the thermal power heat supply unit, the parameters of new steam and the parameters of reheated steam are changed simultaneously, the work done by the high-pressure main steam valve 7 and the medium-pressure steam adjusting valve 8 of the steam turbine are adjusted in a combined mode through the high-pressure main steam valve and the medium-pressure steam adjusting valve, the boiler 1 is kept higher than the minimum allowable evaporation capacity, the boiler is guaranteed to be safely and stably combusted, and the purpose of deep peak shaving of the unit is achieved.
When the boiler 1 operates in a variable parameter mode, according to the design and operation rules of the thermal power heat supply unit and boiler equipment, on the premise that the thermal power heat supply unit meets the heat supply load to the maximum extent, the parameters of new steam and the parameters of reheated steam are changed simultaneously, work of the high-pressure cylinder 3 and the medium-pressure cylinder 4 of the steam turbine is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the generated energy of the generator 38 is achieved. The controller automatically adjusts the boiler 1 according to the set parameter value of the new steam and the set parameter value of the reheated steam, and jointly adjusts the work of the high-pressure steam turbine cylinder 3 and the medium-pressure steam turbine cylinder 4 through the high-pressure main steam valve 7 and the medium-pressure steam adjusting valve 8, so that the thermoelectric decoupling is realized.
The adjustment of the new steam temperature parameter T0 is first preliminarily adjusted by means of the balance of the amount of pulverized coal fed, the amount of air fed, and the amount of water fed to the boiler 1, and the burner inclination control. And then, a two-stage water spray desuperheater is adopted to spray water to the superheater 2 for desuperheating, the first-stage water spray desuperheater is used as a main regulator, and the second-stage water spray desuperheater is used for controlling the outlet steam temperature of the superheater 2 and is used as a fine regulation fine regulator. The hysteresis of the first-stage water spray desuperheater is larger under the corresponding heat load, and the temperature of the new steam is controlled by the second-stage water spray desuperheater, so that the response is quicker. The controller automatically monitors the steam temperature through the temperature sensor and automatically controls the operation of the desuperheater to be sprayed with water and the adjustment of the inclination angle of the burner.
The adjustment of the reheating steam temperature parameter Tr is mainly in a burner nozzle angle adjustment mode, and if the burner nozzle angle adjustment cannot meet the temperature adjustment requirement, the reheating steam temperature parameter Tr is put into a water spraying desuperheater to spray water for desuperheating, and is used for emergency adjustment.
2) The flow of the steam turbine low pressure cylinder 5 is jointly adjusted by the steam adjusting valve 9 and the auxiliary adjusting valve 6 in the heat supply period, zero work of the steam turbine low pressure cylinder 5 is realized by micro flow or near zero flow in the limit, meanwhile, the conventional maximum steam extraction quantity of the thermal power heat supply unit is reached by the steam extraction quantity of the heat supply network valve 10, all the steam quantities enter the heat supply network heater 19 to heat the return water of the heat supply network, and therefore second-step thermoelectric decoupling is realized to meet the heat load demand of the heat supply network and the electric load demand of the electric network
In the heat supply period of the thermal power heat supply unit, low-pressure steam (pressure parameters and temperature parameters are respectively P1 and T1) from a steam outlet of a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 4 is jointly adjusted by using a steam adjusting valve 9 and an auxiliary adjusting valve 6, so that the steam extraction amount is continuously adjustable, and the purpose of zero work of the steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 5 is achieved. The steam turbine low pressure cylinder 5 is not sprayed water under most working conditions, water erosion of the last-stage blade is reduced, the heat supply capacity of the unit can be fully improved, the operation safety of the last-stage blade can be guaranteed, the peak and frequency modulation requirements of the thermal power heat supply unit are met, and thermoelectric decoupling is achieved.
By controlling the opening of the steam regulating valve 9 and the auxiliary regulating valve 6, the undisturbed switching between the zero work of the low-pressure cylinder 5 of the steam turbine and the conventional steam extraction heat supply operation mode can be realized, the low back pressure operation of the thermal power heat supply unit is maintained, and the load adaptability, the peak regulation capacity and the heat supply capacity of the thermal power heat supply unit are improved.
When the steam turbine low pressure cylinder 5 runs with zero work, the steam quantity is preferably 0.05-0.06 of the rated flow of the steam turbine low pressure cylinder 5, at the moment, the low back pressure running is ideal, desuperheating water can not be sprayed, the water erosion phenomenon of blades is eliminated, and the unit safety is high.
3) In the heat supply period, according to the heat load demand of the heat supply network and the electric load demand of the power supply network, the high-pressure bypass, the low-pressure bypass, the first temperature and pressure reducer 11 and the second temperature and pressure reducer 12 are utilized timely, steam (the pressure parameter and the temperature parameter are respectively P2 and T2) after being subjected to temperature and pressure reduction enters the heat supply network heater 19, the output power of the high-pressure cylinder 3 and the medium-pressure cylinder 4 of the steam turbine is reduced, the heat supply amount is increased, and third-step thermoelectric decoupling is achieved. In a non-heat supply period, according to the electric load requirement of a power grid, steam enters a heat supply network heater 19 after being subjected to temperature and pressure reduction through a high-pressure bypass, a low-pressure bypass, a first temperature and pressure reduction device 11 and a second temperature and pressure reduction device 12, the output power of a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 3 and the output power of a steam turbine medium-pressure cylinder 4 are reduced, and deep peak regulation of a thermal power heat supply unit is realized.
The steam parameters in the low-pressure bypass meet the heating and steam extraction requirements of the steam turbine, so that a high-pressure bypass and low-pressure bypass combined steam supply scheme can be adopted in the heat supply period. In order to ensure the normal use of the high-pressure bypass and the low-pressure bypass in the non-heating period, the parameters of the steam at the inlet and the outlet of the high-pressure bypass and the low-pressure bypass are consistent with the design parameters, and the temperature at the outlet of the low-pressure bypass is increased as required only when the high-pressure bypass and the low-pressure bypass are operated in the heating period.
In the heat supply period, when the heat supply needs to be increased or the power grid needs to further reduce the generating load of the unit, new steam can enter a reheater through a high-pressure bypass, and then steam is extracted from a low-pressure bypass to serve as a supplementary steam source of heat supply steam extraction.
In the heat supply period, if the power grid needs to further reduce the generating load of the unit, the new steam can enter the reheater after passing through the high-pressure bypass and then directly enter the condenser 17 from the low-pressure bypass.
The matching mode of the steam flow of the high-pressure bypass and the steam flow of the low-pressure bypass is a key factor influencing the operation economy and safety of the thermal power heat supply unit. The operation economy and the safety of the thermal power heat supply unit can be ensured only if the steam flow of the high-pressure bypass is properly matched with the steam flow of the low-pressure bypass. In this embodiment, when all the thermal economy analyses are performed, the "high-pressure bypass steam flow = low-pressure bypass steam flow — high-pressure bypass attemperation water flow" is always taken to ensure that the high-pressure bypass steam flow is properly matched with the low-pressure bypass steam flow.
4) Utilize electric boiler 34 in due time, heating heat supply network return water, the power supply output of surfing the net of meticulous regulation thermal power supply unit, utilize heat storage water tank 25 to increase the heating load regulatory ability simultaneously, realize fourth step thermoelectric decoupling zero.
When the thermal power supply unit needs to further reduce the generated output, the electric boiler 34 is started to consume the electric quantity generated by the generator 38, the generated output of the thermal power supply unit is reduced, and the reduced power is used for heating return water of a heat supply network. When the heat supply network needs heat load, the heat supply network can be directly entered, and when the heat supply network does not need heat load, the heat supply network enters the heat storage water tank 25, and the heat supply network is used when needed. When the thermal power heat supply unit needs to increase the power generation output, the electric boiler 34 is closed, and the power generation output of the thermal power heat supply unit is increased.
5) The flywheel energy storage device 33 is utilized in due time, the power supply output of the thermal power heat supply unit on the internet is rapidly and accurately adjusted in a two-way mode, and the power grid frequency modulation requirement is met.
By utilizing the flywheel energy storage device 33 and the converter 32, the basic frequency modulation requirement and the frequency modulation check requirement of a power grid on the thermal power heat supply unit are met when the electric load of the unit changes in a wide range.
In summary, by means of the technical scheme of the invention, the requirement of deep peak regulation can be met while the heat supply is increased, firstly, the power generation output of the high-steam turbine medium-pressure cylinder is reduced by changing the new steam parameter and the reheated steam parameter, secondly, the deep peak regulation and the heat supply capacity increase of the thermal power heat supply unit are realized by transforming the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine with zero output, and furthermore, the combustion of the boiler can be stabilized by supplying heat through the high-pressure bypass and the low-pressure bypass, so that the problem of the gap of the heat supply when the low-pressure cylinder of the deep peak regulation steam turbine with zero output is. The four modes can flexibly meet the heat supply load of a heat supply network and the power generation load of the power grid according to the conditions of initial and final stages of heat supply, peak period and deep peak regulation of the load demand of the power grid.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a thermoelectricity decoupling system of thermal power heat supply unit variable parameter many step, includes boiler (1), boiler (1) includes combustor, steam pocket, over heater (2), reheater, water spray desuperheater, pressure transmitter, temperature sensor and controller, the export of steam pocket passes through the tube coupling the import of over heater (2), its characterized in that, the export of over heater (2) is through the steam inlet of the tube coupling steam turbine high pressure jar (3) that is provided with high pressure main steam valve (7), the steam exhaust mouth of steam turbine high pressure jar (3) passes through the tube coupling the import of re heater, the export of reheater is through the steam inlet of the tube coupling steam turbine intermediate pressure jar (4) that is provided with intermediate pressure steam adjusting valve (8), the steam exhaust mouth of steam turbine intermediate pressure jar (4) is through the tube coupling heat supply network heater (19) that is provided with heat supply network valve (10), the delivery port of heat supply network heater (19) is through the import of the tube coupling condenser (17) that is provided with drain pump (31), the export of condenser (17) is connected through the wet return that sets gradually condensate pump (18) and feed pump (36) the import of steam pocket, steam turbine high pressure cylinder (3) and steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder (4) respectively connect generator (38) through drive mechanism, the electric wire netting is connected through the first power supply line that is provided with grid switch (28) and online main transformer (29) respectively in generator (38).
2. The parameter-variable multi-step thermoelectric decoupling system of the thermal power heat supply unit according to claim 1, wherein a steam outlet of the steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder (4) is further connected with a steam inlet of a steam turbine low pressure cylinder (5) through a pipeline provided with a low pressure steam adjusting valve (9), the low pressure steam adjusting valve (9) is connected with an auxiliary adjusting valve (6) in parallel, a steam outlet of the steam turbine low pressure cylinder (5) is connected with an inlet of the condenser (17) through a pipeline, and the steam turbine low pressure cylinder (5) is connected with the generator (38) through a transmission mechanism.
3. The variable-parameter multi-step thermoelectric decoupling system of the thermal power supply unit according to claim 2, wherein the outlet of the superheater (2) is further connected to the inlet of the reheater through a high-pressure bypass provided with a first bypass valve (13) and a first temperature and pressure reducer (11), respectively.
4. The variable-parameter multi-step thermoelectric decoupling system of the thermal power supply unit according to claim 3, wherein the outlet of the reheater is connected to the inlet of the condenser (17) through a low-pressure bypass provided with a fourth bypass valve (40), a second bypass valve (14), a second temperature and pressure reducer (12) and a third bypass valve (16) in sequence, the low-pressure bypass is further connected to the heat grid heater (19) through a pipeline provided with a heat grid valve (15), and the heat grid valve (15) is connected between the second temperature and pressure reducer (12) and the third bypass valve (16).
5. The variable-parameter multi-element stepped thermoelectric decoupling system of a thermal power heating unit according to claim 4, wherein the heat supply network heater (19) is further connected with a heat supply network water return pipe and a heat supply network water supply pipe, the heat supply network water return pipe is respectively provided with a heat supply network circulating pump (20) and a heat supply network water return valve (21), the heat supply network water supply pipe is respectively provided with a water supply valve (22), the generator (38) is further connected with an electric boiler (34) through a second power supply line respectively provided with a service power line switch (27) and a service power transformer (26), the electric boiler (34) is connected with the heat supply network water return pipe through a pipeline provided with an electric boiler valve (24), the electric boiler (34) is further connected with the heat supply network water supply pipe through a pipeline respectively provided with a heat storage water tank (25) and a water tank valve (23), and the second power supply line is further connected with a converter (, the converter (32) is also connected with a flywheel energy storage device (33).
6. The variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of the thermal power supply unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the water return pipe is also respectively provided with a condensate pump regulating valve (42), a deaerator (39), a water supply pump regulating valve (41), a plurality of low-pressure regenerative heaters (35) and a plurality of high-pressure regenerative heaters (37), the condensate pump regulating valve (42) is positioned between the condensate pump (18) and the condenser (17), the deaerator (39) is positioned between the condensate pump (18) and the feed pump (36), the low-pressure regenerative heater (35) is positioned between the deaerator (39) and the condensate pump (18), the feed pump regulating valve (41) is positioned between the feed pump (36) and the deaerator (39), the high-pressure regenerative heater (37) is positioned between the feed pump (36) and the steam drum.
7. The method for adjusting the variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of the thermal power heating unit according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, adjusting the pressure P0 and the temperature T0 of the fresh steam entering the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder (3) and the pressure Pr and the temperature Tr of the reheated steam entering the steam turbine intermediate-pressure cylinder (4), and adjusting the opening degree of the high-pressure main steam valve (7) and the intermediate-pressure steam adjusting valve (8) to reduce the work of the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder (3) and the steam turbine intermediate-pressure cylinder (4) and reduce the power generation amount of the generator (38), so that the first-step thermoelectric decoupling is realized.
8. The adjusting method of the variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of the thermal power heating unit according to claim 7, characterized by further comprising the following steps:
s2, the opening degree of the low-pressure steam regulating valve (9) and the opening degree of the auxiliary regulating valve (6) are regulated, so that the low-pressure cylinder (5) of the steam turbine does zero work, the power generation amount of the generator (38) is further reduced, and accordingly two-step thermoelectric decoupling is achieved.
9. The adjusting method of the variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of the thermal power heating unit according to claim 7, characterized by further comprising the following steps:
S3, a high-pressure bypass and a low-pressure bypass are started, part of the new steam enters a reheater through a first temperature and pressure reducer (11) to be changed into the reheated steam, part of the reheated steam enters a heat supply network heater (19) or a condenser (17) through a second temperature and pressure reducer (12), and therefore the flow rate of the new steam entering the high-pressure turbine cylinder (3) and the flow rate of the reheated steam entering the medium-pressure turbine cylinder (4) are reduced, work of the high-pressure turbine cylinder (3) and the medium-pressure turbine cylinder (4) is reduced, the power generation amount of the generator (38) is further reduced, and therefore third-step thermoelectric decoupling is achieved.
10. The adjusting method of the variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of the thermal power heating unit according to claim 7, characterized by further comprising the following steps:
s4 starting the electric boiler (34) to consume the electric quantity generated by the generator (38) to realize the fourth step thermoelectric decoupling.
CN202010654938.0A 2020-07-09 2020-07-09 Variable-parameter multi-element cascade thermoelectric decoupling system of thermal power heat supply unit and adjusting method Pending CN111852597A (en)

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