CN115095588A - Method for bonding ceramic matrix composite material and metal material and clamp for controlling thickness of adhesive layer - Google Patents
Method for bonding ceramic matrix composite material and metal material and clamp for controlling thickness of adhesive layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN115095588A CN115095588A CN202210750352.3A CN202210750352A CN115095588A CN 115095588 A CN115095588 A CN 115095588A CN 202210750352 A CN202210750352 A CN 202210750352A CN 115095588 A CN115095588 A CN 115095588A
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- 239000011153 ceramic matrix composite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910001029 Hf alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- CEPICIBPGDWCRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Hf] Chemical compound [Si].[Hf] CEPICIBPGDWCRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- DWAWYEUJUWLESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloromethylsilane Chemical compound [SiH3]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl DWAWYEUJUWLESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 Hf: 71 ± 3% Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007774 anilox coating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 56
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 55
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B11/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding
- F16B11/006—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding by gluing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
- C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
- C04B35/571—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide obtained from Si-containing polymer precursors or organosilicon monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
- C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/32—Carbides
- C23C16/325—Silicon carbide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for bonding a ceramic matrix composite material and a metal material, in particular to a method for bonding a ceramic matrix composite material and a metal material and a clamp for controlling the thickness of a glue layer. Solves the technical problems of complex process and poor bonding quality of the existing bonding method of the ceramic matrix composite and the metal. The bonding method comprises the following steps: step 1), shaping a fiber preform; step 2) preparing a composite material; step 3), pretreating and processing a metal piece; step 4), bonding the composite material and the metal piece; meanwhile, the invention provides a clamp for controlling the thickness of the adhesive layer in the bonding method, which comprises a clamp main body, a pressing block and a pressing valve pressing assembly; the clamp main body comprises a mounting end and a supporting end; the compression valve can move up and down relative to the clamp main body; the pressing block moves downwards along with the pressing valve to apply pressing force to the ceramic-based composite material or the metal piece to extrude the glue layer; the pressing block is provided with a limiting step; the height of the limiting step is the sum of the thickness of the ceramic-based composite material or the metal piece and the thickness of the required glue layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for bonding a ceramic matrix composite material and a metal material, in particular to a method for bonding a ceramic matrix composite material and a metal material and a clamp for controlling the thickness of a glue layer.
Background
The ceramic matrix composite is a new generation of ultra-high temperature thermal structure material, and has wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace and the like. Although ceramic matrix composite applications have made breakthrough progress, bonding remains one of the key technologies limiting its engineering applications. The factors influencing the bonding performance of the ceramic matrix composite and the metal mainly comprise: bonding area, porosity of composite material, surface roughness of metal material, and wettability of adhesive on the surface of composite material and metal.
Although many patents and technologies related to the bonding of ceramic matrix composites exist at home and abroad, the bonding technology focuses on the aspects of adhesive materials, bonding layer structures and preparation methods, and the bonding of the ceramic matrix composites and metals is performed after the preparation of the composites, and the bonding strength mainly depends on the strength of chemical reaction bonding force.
The invention patent of China with the publication number of CN1173896C proposes that the composite material bonding performance is improved by singly controlling the porosity of the composite material, and the porosity of the composite material is mostly limited by the material preparation process, so that the qualification rate of the porosity of the composite material in the actual production process is low, and the improvement of the bonding performance of the composite material is difficult to be obviously helped.
In order to relieve the problem of thermal expansion mismatch of the composite material, the bonding layer and the metal, the bonding layer needs multiple layers, so that the bonding process is complex, the bonding strength of the ceramic matrix composite material and the metal is low, the anti-seismic performance is poor, and the bonding interface is easy to diffuse, age and fail under the fatigue assessment condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of complex bonding process and poor bonding quality of the existing bonding method of the ceramic matrix composite and the metal material, and provides a bonding method of the ceramic matrix composite and the metal material and a glue layer thickness control clamp. The bonding method has the advantages of high bonding strength, no chemical reaction between the adhesive and the bonded material, simple process, good seismic resistance of the bonded material and good connection stability.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
the clamp for controlling the thickness of the glue layer is characterized in that:
the clamp comprises a clamp body and a pressing component;
the clamp main body comprises a connecting section, and a mounting end and a supporting end which are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the connecting section and are oppositely arranged; the mounting end is provided with a threaded hole; the support end is used for placing the ceramic matrix composite or the metal piece;
the compression assembly comprises a compression block and a compression valve; one end of the compression valve penetrates through a threaded hole at the mounting end of the clamp main body to be connected with the pressing block and is used for driving the pressing block to move up and down through threaded screwing, and the maximum height of downward movement of the pressing block is less than or equal to the height of a threaded section in the threaded hole;
the bottom surface of the pressing block is used for applying pressing force perpendicular to the glue layer to the ceramic-based composite material or the metal piece to extrude the glue layer;
the four corners of the bottom surface of the pressing block are respectively provided with limiting steps, and the four limiting steps are positioned on the outer side of the ceramic-based composite material or the metal piece and are in contact with the edges of the ceramic-based composite material or the metal piece; the height of the limiting step is the sum of the thickness of the ceramic-based composite material or the metal piece and the thickness of the required glue layer.
Further, the device also comprises a guide post; the guide post is the toper, is equipped with the tapering through-hole with guide post looks adaptation on the anchor clamps main part installation, and the guide post penetrates the tapering through-hole, and its main aspects links firmly with the briquetting.
Furthermore, the compression valve and the pressing block are connected through a spherical hinge.
Furthermore, a latticed briquetting lightening groove is formed in the bottom surface of the briquetting; and the middle part of the supporting end of the clamp main body is provided with a through first lightening groove.
The method for bonding the ceramic matrix composite and the metal material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1) shaping of fiber preform
Laying and sewing SiC fiber cloth layers at 0 degree/60 degrees or 0 degree/45 degrees of two adjacent layers of cloth in a laminated manner through a mold to obtain a fiber preform;
step 2) preparation of composite material
Depositing the fiber preform by a chemical vapor deposition process, and controlling the deposition heat to prepare the composite material with the density of 1.8-2.4 g/cm 3 Ceramic matrix composite material with opening porosity of 8% -20%;
the density, the open porosity and the bonding area of the composite material satisfy the following relations:
when the density of the composite material is 1.9-2.4 g/cm 3 And when the open porosity is 8-10%, the thickness is 100mm 2 Less than or equal to single viscosityThe contact area is less than or equal to 3600mm 2 (ii) a When the density of the composite material is 1.8-2.0 g/cm 3 And when the open porosity is between 12 and 20 percent, 3600mm 2 Less than or equal to 10000mm of single bonding contact area 2 ；
Step 3), pretreating and processing a metal piece;
step 4) bonding the composite material and the metal piece
Step 4.1), cleaning the appearance, namely cleaning the bonding surfaces of the ceramic-based composite material and the metal piece respectively to ensure that the appearance is clean and free of foreign matters;
step 4.2), carrying out anti-pollution protection on the bonding surface of the ceramic matrix composite and the metal piece after cleaning;
step 4.3) preparing a bonding glue solution according to the use ratio requirement of the bonding agent, adding silicon-hafnium alloy powder into the glue solution after the ratio is finished, and uniformly stirring to obtain the bonding agent;
the glue solution, the ceramic-based composite material and the metal piece do not generate corrosion and oxidation reactions;
step 4.4), bonding, fixing and curing:
step 4.4.1) respectively coating adhesives on the bonding surfaces of the ceramic-based composite material and the metal piece, folding, ensuring that the bonding surface of the metal piece falls off in parallel to the bonding surface of the ceramic-based composite material, removing gas side by side, and ensuring that glue solution uniformly overflows around;
step 4.4.2) clamping the ceramic matrix composite material and the metal piece through the clamp for controlling the thickness of the adhesive layer, obtaining the adhesive layer with the required thickness through limiting control of the clamp, and simultaneously ensuring that the adhesive liquid uniformly overflows around the bonding part;
and 4.4.3) curing, and finishing the bonding of the ceramic matrix composite and the metal piece after curing.
Further, the step 3) is specifically as follows:
step 3.1) carrying out material heat treatment before processing on the metal piece;
step 3.2) processing the shape of the metal piece;
step 3.3) carrying out residual processing stress elimination treatment on the processed metal piece;
step 3.4), carrying out wet sand blasting treatment on the surface of the metal part to ensure that the surface roughness Ra of the metal part is 50;
step 3.5) determining the single bonding area of the ceramic-based composite material and the metal piece according to the relationship among the density of the composite material, the open porosity and the bonding area; and processing a reticulate pattern knurling groove (10) on the bonding surface of the metal piece subjected to wet sand blasting.
Further, in the step 4.3), the mixture ratio of the glue solution and the silicon-hafnium alloy powder is that 5 +/-0.5 g of silicon-hafnium alloy powder is added into every 100g of glue solution; the silicon-hafnium alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: hafnium, Hf: 71 ± 3%, silicon Si: 29 plus or minus 3 percent; the granularity of the silicon-hafnium alloy powder is required to be more than 0 and less than D50 and less than 6 mu m, and the purity is HfSi 2 Not less than 95% or HfSi 2 + Si is more than or equal to 95% and HfSi 2 ≥92％；
In step 4.4.2), the thickness of the adhesive layer meets the following conditions: the bonding area is less than or equal to 3600mm 2 When in use, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.05-0.15 mm; 3600mm 2 Bonding area is not less than 10000mm 2 Meanwhile, the thickness of the glue layer is 0.10-0.2 mm.
Further, step 4.1) comprises the following steps:
step 4.1.1) polishing the bonding surface of the ceramic matrix composite by using 80-mesh sand paper, and adsorbing the bonding surface of the ceramic matrix composite by using a dust collector for at least 2 minutes;
step 4.1.2) dipping saturated alcohol into dust-free cloth or rubber gloves, and cleaning the bonding surface of the ceramic matrix composite;
step 4.1.3) cleaning the bonding surface of the metal piece by using a high-pressure air gun, wherein the cleaning time is not less than 1 minute;
and 4.1.4) cleaning the bonding surface of the metal piece by using acetone to ensure that no oil stain or dirt exists on the surface.
Further, in the step 1), the sewing specifically comprises: puncturing the SiC fiber tows along the direction vertical to the cloth layer for sewing; the specification of the fiber tows is 0.5K, and the sewing puncture density is 15mm multiplied by 15 mm;
in the step 2), the chemical vapor deposition process comprises the following steps: the deposition time is 30-45 h, the deposition temperature is 850-1000 ℃, the vacuum degree requirement is less than 1000Pa, the reaction gases are trichloromethylsilane, argon and hydrogen, the argon flow is 0.3L/min-0.4L/min, the hydrogen flow is 0.45L/min, and the trichloromethylsilane flow is 0.35 +/-0.5L/min; the deposition heat is 6-10 times;
in step 3), the metal piece is TC4 A titanium alloy metal member.
Further, in step 3.1), the process of performing material heat treatment on the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece before machining comprises the following steps: carrying out aging treatment for 2 hours at 600 +/-10 ℃;
in step 3.3), the treatment mode for eliminating the residual machining stress is as follows: carrying out heat preservation aging treatment for 2 hours at a high temperature section of 150 +/-10 ℃, carrying out aging treatment at a low temperature section of-70 +/-10 ℃ after furnace cold shortage, carrying out heat preservation for 3 hours, and alternately carrying out 3 rounds of high-low temperature circulation;
in the step 3.4), the mass ratio of the abrasive to water used in the wet sand blasting treatment is 27-30: 100, the abrasive is homologous with the ceramic matrix composite;
in the step 3.5), the modulus of the anilox knurling groove is 0.5 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the bonding method optimizes the structure of the composite preform, the cloth layers are laid at 0 degree/60 degrees or 0 degree/45 degrees, the bonding of the fiber tows of the lower layer of the fiber cloth corresponding to the holes is better ensured after the bonding agent penetrates through the holes of one layer of the fiber cloth layer, after the cloth layers are laid in a laminated manner, SiC fiber tows are punctured and sewn in the direction perpendicular to the cloth layers, and the specifications of the fiber tows are as follows: 0.5K and the puncture density of 15 multiplied by 15mm, on the premise of ensuring the interlayer strength, the adhesive can be diffused along the cloth layers in the infiltration process as much as possible, the infiltration capacity of the adhesive is enhanced, the adhesive strength is greatly improved, and the adhesive property of the adhesive and the composite material is improved.
(2) The bonding method provides the relationship between the density and the open porosity of the composite material and the bonding area, in order to ensure the bonding quality, the larger the bonding area is, the higher the requirement on the open porosity of the composite material is, but the upper limit of the open porosity of the composite material exists due to the limitation of the weaving and layering structure, namely the bonding area cannot be wirelessly expanded; the relationship between the density and the open porosity of the composite material and the bonding area further improves the bonding performance of the ceramic matrix composite material and metal.
(3) According to the bonding method, a proper amount of silicon-hafnium alloy powder is added into the bonding glue solution, so that the wettability of the glue solution and the metal piece is improved, the meshing and pinning effects of the glue layer and the metal piece are improved after the glue solution is solidified, and the bonding strength is enhanced.
(4) The bonding surface structure (processing the reticulate pattern knurling groove) of the metal piece is improved by the bonding method, the contact area of the bonding agent and the metal piece is further increased, the meshing and pinning effects of the adhesive layer and the metal piece are improved after bonding and curing, the bonding performance is improved, and the service life of a bonded product is prolonged.
(5) The invention defines the relation between the thickness of the adhesive layer and the bonding area, and the adhesive piece is easy to fall off when the adhesive layer is too thick or too thin.
(6) The bonding method provided by the invention has the advantages that the surface of the metal piece is subjected to sand blasting treatment to ensure the roughness, the bonding area is increased, meanwhile, the residual stress eliminating treatment is carried out, and the metal material is ensured not to have size and shape changes in the long-time repeated use process.
(7) The surface of the metal piece and the ceramic-based composite material is cleaned before bonding by the bonding method, so that the bonding performance is improved, and the service life is prolonged.
(8) According to the bonding method, the thickness of the adhesive layer is controlled through the special fixture, the operation is simple, the efficiency is high, and the bonding quality is guaranteed.
(9) The bonding method has simple process and convenient operation, and does not depend on special or heavy special equipment to ensure the bonding effect and the bonding quality.
(10) The bonding method introduces Hf element into the glue solution, is especially suitable for the process of gluing the ceramic-based composite material and the titanium alloy, further increases the wettability of the glue solution and the titanium alloy, is suitable for bonding the ceramic-based composite materials with different profiles and the titanium alloy materials, and has important significance for improving the bonding quality.
(11) The preparation process and control requirements of the metal part and the ceramic matrix composite material in the bonding method are low, the bonding method is suitable for engineering application, and compared with the conventional common bonding method, the bonding method reduces the requirements of porosity of the composite material, processing of the metal material and the like.
(12) The adhesive layer thickness control clamp disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, easy to operate and control, uniform in thickness of the obtained adhesive layer, good in bonding quality and high in efficiency.
(13) The glue layer thickness control clamp is provided with the guide post, the fit precision of the guide post and the pin hole at the main body mounting end is higher than that of the pressing valve in threaded fit, the pressing block is more accurately slid and guided in the sliding process of the pressing block, and the guide post has more obvious effect on plane bonding.
(14) The pressing valve and the pressing block in the glue layer thickness control clamp are connected through the spherical hinge, so that the position of the pressing block is accurate and does not deviate, and meanwhile, the pressing block and the supporting end of the clamp main body are provided with the lightening grooves, so that the overall weight of the clamp is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the bonding method of ceramic matrix composite and metal material according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an example of the method for bonding a ceramic matrix composite to a metal material according to the present invention after appearance treatment and processing of a TC4 titanium alloy metal part;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a first schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a jig for controlling a thickness of a glue layer according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a second schematic structural view of an embodiment of a jig for controlling a thickness of a glue layer according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view illustrating a bonding and curing process in an embodiment of the method for bonding a ceramic matrix composite to a metal material according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a microstructure change process of a bonding portion between a SiC/SiC ceramic substrate and a TC4 titanium alloy in an embodiment of the bonding method of the ceramic substrate and a metal material according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 7 at B;
FIG. 9 is an infrared thermal wave inspection of a SiC/SiC ceramic matrix bonded to a TC4 titanium alloy metallic article according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-TC4 titanium alloy metal piece, 10-reticulate pattern knurling groove, 2-clamp, 20-pressing block, 201-guide column, 202-pressing block lightening groove, 21-clamp main body, 210-first lightening groove, 22-pressing valve, 3-SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite, 4-glue layer and 41-bonding permeation layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
The clamp for controlling the thickness of the glue layer is mainly used for ensuring that a metal piece and a ceramic-based composite material do not slip or fall off in the bonding process, controlling the thickness of the glue layer and further improving the bonding performance of the ceramic-based composite material and a metal material.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the overall jig 2 for controlling the thickness of the glue layer is C-shaped, and includes a jig main body 21, a guide post 201 and a pressing assembly, wherein the guide post 201 is conical; the clamp main body 21 comprises a connecting section, and a mounting end and a supporting end which are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the connecting section and are oppositely arranged; the mounting end is provided with a threaded hole; the support end is used for placing the ceramic matrix composite or the metal piece. In other embodiments, the support end may be disposed with the ceramic matrix composite or the metal member as desired, the pressing block is in contact with the metal member when the support end is disposed with the ceramic matrix composite, and the pressing block is in contact with the ceramic matrix composite when the support end is disposed with the metal member. The pressing component comprises a pressing block 20 and a pressing valve 22; one end of the pressure valve 22 penetrates through a threaded hole at the mounting end of the clamp main body 21 to be connected with the pressing block 20, and is used for driving the pressing block 20 to move up and down through screwing, and the maximum height of downward movement of the pressing block 20 is smaller than or equal to the height of a threaded section in the threaded hole. The bottom surface of the pressing block 20 is used for applying pressing force vertical to the glue layer to the ceramic-based composite material or the metal piece to extrude the glue layer;
the pressing valve 22 is connected with the pressing block 20 through a spherical hinge, so that the pressing block 20 can be smoothly pressed in the screwing process of the pressing valve 22; the pressing block 20 moves downwards along with the pressing valve 22 to apply pressing force to the ceramic-based composite material or the metal piece to extrude a glue layer, four corners of the bottom surface of the pressing block 20 are respectively provided with a limiting step, and the four limiting steps are positioned on the outer side of the metal piece and are in contact with the edge of the metal piece; the height of the limiting step is the sum of the thickness of the metal part and the thickness of the required glue layer, after the clamp for controlling the thickness of the glue layer is clamped tightly, the clamp is in direct contact with the ceramic matrix composite material for limiting by means of the step difference of the clamp, and the glue layer is kept at the bonding part of the metal part and the composite material.
Be equipped with the tapering through-hole with guide post 201 looks adaptation on the anchor clamps main part 21 installation end, guide post 201 penetrates the tapering through-hole, and its main aspects links firmly with briquetting 20, and the pinhole cooperation precision of guide post 201 and anchor clamps main part 21 installation end is higher than the cooperation of pinch valve screw thread, and briquetting 20 slides the in-process and makes briquetting 20 slide the direction more accurate, especially to the plane bonding, and guide post 201's effect is more obvious. The latticed pressing block lightening groove 202 is formed in the bottom surface of the pressing block 20, so that the contact area is reduced as far as possible on the premise that the metal piece and the composite material are tightly pressed and attached, and the adhesion of glue liquid in the bonding process is avoided. The middle of the supporting end of the clamp body 21 is provided with a first lightening groove 210 which penetrates through the middle, so that the whole weight of the clamp 2 is lightened.
By screwing the screw, the pressing block 20 is pushed into and pressed by the pressing valve 22 along the direction vertical to the surface of the metal piece, the glue layer is ensured to be uniform, and the knurled latticed pressing block lightening grooves 202 are formed in the contact part of the pressing block 20 and the metal piece, so that the metal piece can be prevented from sliding or being adhered by glue. In order to enable the pressing block 20 to slide along the guide column 201, the guide column 201 is in taper fit with the fitting hole of the clamp main body, so that the pressing block 20 is guaranteed to slide smoothly in the use process of the clamp 2, and the diameter of the guide column 201 is increased along the pressing direction. The shape of the clamp can be designed according to the actual bonding shape, the clamp is not limited to the C shape, in order to prevent the clamp from being adhered to the metal piece or the composite material after the glue solution overflows, glue overflow grooves are arranged on the contact surfaces of the clamp, the metal piece and the composite material, the glue overflow grooves are the pressing block light groove 202 and the first lightening groove 210, and the adhesion can be prevented after the solidification.
As shown in FIG. 1, the bonding method of ceramic matrix composite and metal material of the present invention comprises the following steps:
step 1) shaping of fiber preform
Laminating and laying the SiC fiber cloth layers at 0 degree/60 degrees or 0 degree/45 degrees of two adjacent layers of cloth through a mould, and puncturing SiC fiber tows along the direction vertical to the cloth layers for sewing; the specification of the fiber tows is 0.5K, the puncture density of sewing is 15 multiplied by 15mm, and a fiber preform is obtained after sewing.
The fiber cloth layers are laid at 0 degree/60 degree or 0 degree/45 degree, so that after the adhesive penetrates through the pores of one fiber cloth layer, the fiber tows of the lower layer of fiber cloth corresponding to the pores are better adhered; after the cloth layers are laminated and laid, puncturing SiC fiber tows in a direction perpendicular to the cloth layers for sewing, wherein the specification of the fiber tows is as follows: 0.5K and the puncture density is 15 multiplied by 15mm, so that the adhesive can diffuse along the cloth layers during the infiltration process as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the interlayer strength, and the adhesive performance with the composite material is improved.
Step 2) preparation of composite material
Depositing the fiber preform by a chemical vapor deposition process, and controlling the deposition heat to prepare the composite material with the density of 1.8-2.4 g/cm 3 The ceramic matrix composite material has an open porosity of 8-20%. The chemical vapor deposition process comprises the following steps: the deposition time is 30-45 h, the deposition temperature is 850-1000 ℃, the vacuum degree requirement is less than 1000Pa, the reaction gases are trichloromethylsilane, argon and hydrogen, the argon flow is 0.3L/min-0.4L/min, the hydrogen flow is 0.45L/min, and the trichloromethylsilane flow is 0.35 +/-0.5L/min; the deposition heat is 6-10 times.
The density, the open porosity and the bonding area of the composite material satisfy the following relations: when the density of the composite material is 1.9-2.4 g/cm 3 And when the open porosity is 8-10%, 100mm 2 No more than 3600mm of single bonding contact area 2 When the density of the composite material is 1.8-2.0 g/cm 3 And when the open porosity is between 12 and 20 percent, 3600mm 2 Less than or equal to 10000mm of single bonding contact area 2 。
Step 3) metal part pretreatment and processing
Step 3.1) carrying out material heat treatment before processing on the metal piece;
step 3.2) processing the shape of the metal piece;
step 3.3) carrying out residual machining stress elimination treatment on the machined metal piece;
step 3.4), carrying out wet sand blasting treatment on the surface of the metal part to ensure that the surface roughness Ra of the metal part is 50; the mass ratio of the abrasive to water used in the wet sand blasting treatment is 27-30: 100, the sand blasting abrasive is silicon carbide, so that the abrasive and the composite material matrix are homologous, other metal impurities are not introduced in the sand blasting process, impurity foreign matters on the surface of the material are removed through sand blasting, and the surface roughness is increased.
Step 3.5) determining the single bonding area of the ceramic-based composite material and the metal piece according to the relationship among the density of the composite material, the open porosity and the bonding area; processing a reticulate pattern knurling groove 10 on the bonding surface of the metal piece subjected to wet sand blasting; the modulus of the reticulate pattern knurling groove 10 is 0.5 mm; the reticulate pattern knurling groove 10 can further increase the contact area between bonding and a metal piece, and improves the meshing and pinning effects of a glue layer and the metal piece after bonding and curing.
Step 4) bonding the composite material and the metal piece
Step 4.1) appearance cleaning
Cleaning the bonding surfaces of the ceramic-based composite material and the metal piece respectively to ensure clean appearance and no foreign matters;
step 4.1.1) polishing the bonding surface of the ceramic matrix composite by using 80-mesh sand paper, and adsorbing the bonding surface of the ceramic matrix composite by using a dust collector for at least 2 minutes without allowing macroscopic particles, burrs and other redundancies;
step 4.1.2) dipping saturated alcohol into dust-free cloth or rubber gloves, and cleaning the bonding surface of the ceramic matrix composite;
step 4.1.3) cleaning the bonding surface of the metal piece by using a high-pressure air gun, wherein the cleaning time is not less than 1 minute;
and 4.1.4) cleaning the bonding surface of the metal piece by using acetone to ensure that no oil stain or dirt exists on the surface.
Step 4.2), carrying out anti-pollution protection on the bonding surface of the ceramic matrix composite and the metal piece after cleaning;
the pollution prevention protection specifically comprises: the metal piece bonding surface and the cleaned composite material bonding surface are not allowed to be touched by bare hands, the metal piece bonding surface and the cleaned composite material bonding surface are stored in a space with a dust removal function, and the operation of wearing clean rubber gloves after appearance covering is carried out by using a clean disposable film in the transferring and taking process.
Step 4.3) glue preparation
Preparing adhesive glue solution according to the using proportion requirement of the adhesive, adding silicon-hafnium alloy powder into the glue solution after the proportion is finished, and uniformly stirring to obtain the adhesive. The mixture ratio of the glue solution and the silicon-hafnium alloy powder is that every 100g of glue solution is added with 5 +/-0.5 g of silicon-hafnium alloy powder; the silicon-hafnium alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: hafnium, Hf: 71 ± 3%, silicon Si: 29 plus or minus 3 percent; the granularity of the silicon-hafnium alloy powder is required to be more than 0 and less than D50 and less than 6 mu m, and the purity is HfSi 2 Not less than 95% or HfSi 2 + Si is more than or equal to 95% and HfSi 2 Not less than 92 percent. Due to the introduction of Hf element, the activity of the adhesive can be enhanced, and the adhesive property between the adhesive and the metal piece is improved. The ceramic base composite material is suitable for ceramic base composite materials and metal pieces which do not generate reactions such as corrosion, oxidation and the like.
Step 4.4) bonding, fixing and curing
Step 4.4.1) respectively coating adhesives on the bonding surfaces of the ceramic-based composite material and the metal piece, folding, ensuring that the bonding surface of the metal piece falls in parallel to the bonding surface of the ceramic-based composite material, slightly rubbing back and forth, removing gas, and ensuring that glue solution uniformly overflows around;
step 4.4.2) clamping the ceramic matrix composite material and the metal piece through the clamp for controlling the thickness of the adhesive layer, obtaining the adhesive layer with the required thickness through limiting control of the clamp, and simultaneously ensuring that the adhesive liquid uniformly overflows around the bonding part; the thickness of the glue layer meets the following conditions: the bonding area is less than or equal to 3600mm 2 The thickness of the glue layer is 0.05-0.15 mm, 3600mm 2 Bonding area is not less than 10000mm 2 Meanwhile, the thickness of the glue layer is 0.10-0.2 mm.
And 4.4.3) curing, namely curing according to the curing requirement of the glue solution, avoiding collision in the operation process, preventing the position of the metal piece from being dislocated or the clamp from falling off, and finishing the bonding of the ceramic matrix composite material and the metal piece after curing.
The method is not limited to plate bonding, and is also suitable for the gluing application of ceramic-based composite materials with different profiles and metal pieces.
According to the technical scheme, the SiC continuous fibers are used as the ceramic matrix composite reinforcement, the layering structure of the SiC fiber preform is further optimized, the relation between the bonding area and the porosity of the composite, the roughness requirement of the metal material and the surface wettability of the bonding agent and the bonded material are determined, the bonding strength and the anti-seismic performance of the ceramic matrix composite and the metal material are improved, and the porosity control difficulty in the preparation process of the composite is reduced.
The following describes in detail a method for bonding a ceramic matrix composite material and a metal material according to the present invention, taking SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite material 3 and TC4 titanium alloy metal member 1 as an example.
Example 1
Step 1) shaping of fiber preform
Laying the SiC fiber cloth layers in a lamination way at 0 DEG/45 DEG of two adjacent layers of cloth through a mould, and puncturing SiC fiber tows along the direction vertical to the cloth layers for sewing; the specification of the fiber tows is 0.5K, the puncture density of sewing is 15mm multiplied by 15mm, and a fiber preform is obtained after sewing;
step 2) preparation of composite material
Depositing the fiber preform by a chemical vapor deposition process, and controlling the deposition heat to prepare the composite material with the density of 2.0g/cm 3 The SiC/SiC ceramic composite 3 has an open porosity of 20%. The chemical vapor deposition process comprises the following steps: the deposition time is 40h, the deposition temperature is 900 +/-50 ℃, the vacuum degree is required to be less than 1000Pa, the reaction gases are trichloromethylsilane, argon and hydrogen, the argon flow is 0.35 +/-0.05L/min, the hydrogen flow is 0.45L/min, and the trichloromethylsilane flow is 0.35 +/-0.2L/min; the deposition heat was 10 times.
According to the relationship between the density of the composite material, the open porosity and the bonding area, the density of the composite material in this embodiment is 2.0g/cm 3 The open porosity is 20%, so that the single bonding contact area is controlled at 6000mm 2 。
Step 3) pretreatment and processing of metal parts
Step 3.1) carrying out material heat treatment before processing on the metal piece;
the process for carrying out material heat treatment before machining on the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1 comprises the following steps: the aging treatment is carried out for 2 hours at 600 +/-10 ℃.
Step 3.2) processing the shape of the metal piece;
step 3.3) after the shape of the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1 is processed, the processed metal piece is subjected to residual processing stress elimination;
the processing mode for eliminating the residual processing stress is as follows: carrying out heat preservation aging treatment for 2 hours at a high temperature of 150 +/-10 ℃, carrying out aging treatment at a low temperature of-70 +/-10 ℃ after the titanium alloy metal piece is cooled and lacked along with a furnace, wherein the heat preservation time is 3 hours, and carrying out 3 rounds of high-low temperature circulation alternately, so that the elimination of residual processing stress can ensure that the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1 does not have size and shape change in the long-time repeated use process.
Step 3.4) carrying out wet sand blasting treatment on the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy metal part 1 to enable the surface roughness Ra of the TC4 titanium alloy metal part 1 to be 50; the mass ratio of the grinding material to water used in the wet sand blasting treatment is 28: 100, the sand blasting abrasive is silicon carbide, so that the abrasive and the composite material matrix are homologous, other metal impurities are not introduced in the sand blasting process, impurity foreign matters on the surface of the material are removed through sand blasting, and the surface roughness is increased.
Step 3.5) determining the single bonding area of the ceramic matrix composite and the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1 according to the relationship among the composite density, the open porosity and the bonding area; processing a reticulate pattern knurling groove 10 on the bonding surface of the TC4 titanium alloy metal part 1 subjected to wet sand blasting; the modulus of the reticulate pattern knurling groove 10 is 0.5 mm; the reticulate pattern knurling groove 10 is used for further increasing the contact area of the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1, and improving the meshing and pinning effect of a glue layer and the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1 after bonding and solidification.
Step 4) bonding the SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite material 3 with the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1
Step 4.1) appearance cleaning
Cleaning the bonding surfaces of the SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite material 3 and the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1 respectively to ensure clean appearance and no foreign matters; as shown in fig. 2 and 3, after the TC4 titanium alloy metal part 1 is subjected to appearance treatment, specifically:
step 4.1.1) polishing the bonding surface of the SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite 3 by using 80-mesh sand paper, and adsorbing the bonding surface of the SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite 3 by using a dust collector, wherein the adsorption time is not less than 2 minutes;
step 4.1.2) dipping saturated alcohol into dust-free cloth or rubber gloves to clean the bonding surface of the SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite 3;
step 4.1.3) cleaning the bonding surface of the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1 by using a high-pressure air gun, wherein the cleaning time is not less than 1 minute;
and 4.1.4) cleaning the bonding surface of the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1 by using acetone to ensure that the surface has no oil stain.
Step 4.2) cleaning and then carrying out anti-pollution protection on the bonding surface of the SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite 3 and the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1;
step 4.3) glue preparation
And preparing 43.6g of adhesive glue solution according to the using ratio requirement of the adhesive, adding 2g of silicon-hafnium alloy powder into the adhesive glue solution after the proportioning is finished, and uniformly stirring to obtain the adhesive.
Step 4.4) bonding, fixing and curing
Step 4.4.1) dipping the mixed glue solution by using a clean small hairbrush to respectively and uniformly coat the bonding surfaces of the SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite material 3 and the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1 with the bonding agents, folding, ensuring that the bonding surface of the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1 falls down in parallel with the bonding surface of the SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite material 3, slightly rubbing back and forth, removing gas, and ensuring that the glue solution uniformly overflows around;
step 4.4.2) as shown in fig. 6, clamping the SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite 3 and the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1 by the fixture 2 for controlling the thickness of the glue layer, obtaining the glue layer with the required thickness by the fixture limit control, and simultaneously ensuring that the glue solution uniformly overflows around the bonding part; according to the condition that the thickness of the glue layer meets: the bonding area is less than or equal to 3600mm 2 The thickness of the glue layer is 0.05-0.15 mm, 3600mm 2 Bonding area is not less than 10000mm 2 Meanwhile, the thickness of the glue layer is 0.10-0.2 mm. In this embodiment, the single bonding contact area is controlled to 6000mm 2 Therefore, the thickness of the adhesive layer is guaranteed to be 0.10-0.2 mm.
And 4.4.3) curing, namely curing according to the technical requirements of glue solution curing, avoiding collision in the operation process, preventing the position of the metal piece from being dislocated or the clamp from falling off, and finishing the adhesion of the SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite 3 and the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1 after curing.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, after bonding, a glue layer 4 is formed between the SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite 3 and the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1, the mixed glue wets and permeates along the pores of the composite during bonding and curing to form a bonding permeation layer 41, so that the bonding strength between the glue solution and the composite is improved, and the bonding adhesion between the mixed glue solution and the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece 1 is enhanced due to the silicon-hafnium alloy powder mixed in the glue solution. Referring to fig. 9, which is an infrared thermal wave detection diagram of the SiC/SiC ceramic composite material 3 bonded with the TC4 titanium alloy, the middle gray area is a bonded glue layer 4 area, and it can be seen visually that the glue layer 4 between the SiC/SiC ceramic composite material 3 and the TC4 titanium alloy metal member 1 is uniform.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that:
in the step 1), the SiC fiber cloth layers are laminated and paved at 0 degree/60 degree of two adjacent layers of cloth through a mould;
in the step 2), the density of the composite material prepared by controlling the deposition heat is 1.8g/cm 3 A SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite 3 having an open porosity of 12%; the chemical vapor deposition process comprises the following steps: the deposition time is 30h, and the deposition temperature is 950 +/-50 ℃; the deposition heat was 6 times.
According to the relationship between the density and the open porosity of the composite material and the bonding area, the density of the composite material in this embodiment is 1.8g/cm 3 The open porosity is 12 percent, so the single bonding contact area is controlled to be 5000mm 2 。
In the step 3.4), the mass ratio of the grinding material to the water used in the wet sand blasting treatment is 27: 100, respectively;
step 4.4.2), in this example, the single bonding contact area is controlled to 5000mm 2 Therefore, the thickness of the adhesive layer is guaranteed to be 0.10-0.2 mm.
Example 3
This example differs from example 1 in that:
in the step 1), the SiC fiber cloth layers are laminated and paved at 0 degree/45 degree of two adjacent layers of cloth through a mould;
in the step 2), the density of the composite material prepared by controlling the deposition heat is 2.4g/cm 3 A SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite 3 having an open porosity of 10%; the chemical vapor deposition process comprises the following steps: the deposition time is 45 h; the deposition heat was 8 times.
According to the relationship between the density and the open porosity of the composite material and the bonding area, the density of the composite material in this embodiment is 2.4g/cm 3 The open porosity is 10%, so that the single bonding contact area is controlled to be 3000mm 2 。
In the step 3.4), the mass ratio of the grinding material to the water used in the wet sand blasting treatment is 30: 100, respectively;
step 4.4.2), in this example, the single bonding contact area is controlled to 3000mm 2 Therefore, the thickness of the adhesive layer is guaranteed to be 0.05-0.15 mm.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 in that:
in the step 2), the density of the composite material prepared by controlling the deposition heat is 1.9g/cm 3 A SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite 3 having an open porosity of 8%; the chemical vapor deposition process comprises the following steps: the deposition time is 45 h; the deposition heat was 7 times.
According to the relationship between the density and the open porosity of the composite material and the bonding area, the density of the composite material in this embodiment is 1.9g/cm 3 The open porosity is 8 percent, so the single bonding contact area is controlled to be 2500mm 2 。
In the step 3.4), the mass ratio of the abrasive to the water used in the wet sand blasting treatment is 29: 100, respectively;
step 4.4.2), in this example, the single bonding contact area is controlled to 2500mm 2 Therefore, the thickness of the adhesive layer is guaranteed to be 0.05-0.15 mm.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a control glue film thickness's anchor clamps which characterized in that:
comprises a clamp main body (21) and a pressing component;
the clamp main body (21) comprises a connecting section, and a mounting end and a supporting end which are connected to the upper end and the lower end of the connecting section respectively and are arranged oppositely; the mounting end is provided with a threaded hole; the support end is used for placing the ceramic matrix composite material or the metal piece;
the compaction component comprises a compaction block (20) and a compaction valve (22); one end of the compression valve (22) penetrates through a threaded hole at the mounting end of the clamp main body (21) to be connected with the pressing block (20) and is used for driving the pressing block (20) to move up and down through threaded screwing, and the maximum height of downward movement of the pressing block (20) is less than or equal to the height of a threaded section in the threaded hole;
the bottom surface of the pressing block (20) is used for applying pressing force perpendicular to the glue layer to the ceramic-based composite material or the metal piece to extrude the glue layer;
the four corners of the bottom surface of the pressing block (20) are respectively provided with a limiting step, and the four limiting steps are positioned on the outer side of the ceramic-based composite material or the metal piece and are in contact with the edge of the ceramic-based composite material or the metal piece; the height of the limiting step is the sum of the thickness of the ceramic-based composite material or the metal piece and the thickness of the required glue layer.
2. The jig for controlling the thickness of a glue layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a guide post (201); the guide post (201) is conical, a taper through hole matched with the guide post (201) is formed in the mounting end of the clamp body (21), the guide post (201) penetrates through the taper through hole, and the large end of the guide post is fixedly connected with the pressing block (20).
3. A jig for controlling the thickness of a layer of adhesive as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the compression valve (22) is connected with the pressing block (20) through a spherical hinge.
4. The jig for controlling the thickness of a glue layer as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
a latticed briquetting lightening groove (202) is formed in the bottom surface of the briquetting (20);
a first lightening groove (210) is arranged in the middle of the supporting end of the clamp main body (21) and penetrates through the middle.
5. A method for bonding a ceramic matrix composite material and a metal material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1) shaping of fiber preform
Laying and sewing SiC fiber cloth layers at 0 degree/60 degrees or 0 degree/45 degrees of two adjacent layers of cloth in a laminated manner through a mold to obtain a fiber preform;
step 2) preparation of composite material
Depositing the fiber preform by a chemical vapor deposition process, and controlling the deposition heat to prepare the composite material with the density of 1.8-2.4 g/cm 3 Ceramic matrix composite material with opening porosity of 8-20%;
the density, the open porosity and the bonding area of the composite material satisfy the following relations:
when the density of the composite material is 1.9-2.4 g/cm 3 And when the open porosity is 8-10%, the thickness is 100mm 2 No more than 3600mm of single bonding contact area 2 (ii) a When the density of the composite material is 1.8-2.0 g/cm 3 And open the hole3600mm when the void ratio is between 12 and 20 percent 2 Less than or equal to 10000mm of single bonding contact area 2 ；
Step 3) carrying out pretreatment and processing on the metal piece, and processing a reticulate pattern knurling groove (10) on the bonding surface of the metal piece;
step 4) bonding the composite material and the metal piece
Step 4.1), cleaning the appearance, namely cleaning the bonding surfaces of the ceramic-based composite material and the metal piece respectively to ensure that the appearance is clean and free of foreign matters;
step 4.2), carrying out anti-pollution protection on the bonding surface of the ceramic matrix composite and the metal piece after cleaning;
step 4.3) preparing a bonding adhesive solution according to the use ratio requirement of the bonding agent, adding silicon-hafnium alloy powder into the adhesive solution after the ratio is finished, and uniformly stirring to obtain the bonding agent;
the glue solution, the ceramic-based composite material and the metal piece do not generate corrosion and oxidation reactions;
step 4.4), bonding, fixing and curing:
step 4.4.1) respectively coating adhesives on the bonding surfaces of the ceramic-based composite material and the metal piece, folding, ensuring that the bonding surface of the metal piece falls off in parallel to the bonding surface of the ceramic-based composite material, removing gas side by side, and ensuring that glue solution uniformly overflows around;
step 4.4.2) clamping the ceramic matrix composite material and the metal piece by using the clamp for controlling the thickness of the glue layer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, obtaining the glue layer with the required thickness by limiting and controlling the clamp, and simultaneously ensuring that glue solution uniformly overflows around the bonding part;
and 4.4.3) curing, and finishing the bonding of the ceramic matrix composite and the metal piece after curing.
6. The bonding method of the ceramic matrix composite and the metal material according to claim 5, wherein in the step 4.3), the ratio of the glue solution to the silicon hafnium alloy powder is that 5 +/-0.5 g of silicon hafnium alloy powder is added to each 100g of the glue solution;
the silicon-hafnium alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: hafnium, Hf: 71 ± 3%, silicon Si: 29 plus or minus 3 percent;
the granularity of the silicon-hafnium alloy powder is required to be more than 0 and less than D50 and less than 6 mu m, and the purity is HfSi 2 Not less than 95 percent orHfSi 2 + Si is more than or equal to 95% and HfSi 2 ≥92％；
In step 4.4.2), the thickness of the adhesive layer meets the following conditions: the bonding area is less than or equal to 3600mm 2 When in use, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 0.05-0.15 mm; 3600mm 2 Bonding area is not less than 10000mm 2 Meanwhile, the thickness of the glue layer is 0.10-0.2 mm.
7. The method for bonding a ceramic matrix composite to a metal material according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the step 3) is specifically:
step 3.1) carrying out material heat treatment before processing on the metal piece;
step 3.2) processing the shape of the metal piece;
step 3.3) carrying out residual machining stress elimination treatment on the machined metal piece;
step 3.4), carrying out wet sand blasting treatment on the surface of the metal part to ensure that the surface roughness Ra of the metal part is 50;
step 3.5) determining the single bonding area of the ceramic-based composite material and the metal piece according to the relationship among the density of the composite material, the open porosity and the bonding area; and processing a reticulate pattern knurling groove (10) on the bonding surface of the metal piece subjected to wet sand blasting.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein step 4.1) comprises the steps of:
step 4.1.1) polishing the bonding surface of the ceramic matrix composite by using 80-mesh sand paper, and adsorbing the bonding surface of the ceramic matrix composite by using a dust collector for at least 2 minutes;
step 4.1.2) dipping saturated alcohol in dust-free cloth or rubber gloves to clean the bonding surface of the ceramic matrix composite;
step 4.1.3) cleaning the bonding surface of the metal piece by using a high-pressure air gun, wherein the cleaning time is not less than 1 minute;
and 4.1.4) cleaning the bonding surface of the metal piece by using acetone to ensure that no oil stain or dirt exists on the surface.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the ceramic matrix composite is bonded to a metallic material,
in the step 1), the sewing is specifically as follows: puncturing the SiC fiber tows along the direction vertical to the cloth layer for sewing; the specification of the fiber tows is 0.5K, and the sewing puncture density is 15mm multiplied by 15 mm;
in the step 2), the chemical vapor deposition process comprises the following steps: the deposition time is 30-45 h, the deposition temperature is 850-1000 ℃, the vacuum degree requirement is less than 1000Pa, the reaction gases are trichloromethylsilane, argon and hydrogen, the argon flow is 0.3L/min-0.4L/min, the hydrogen flow is 0.45L/min, and the trichloromethylsilane flow is 0.35 +/-0.5L/min; the deposition heat is 6-10 times;
in the step 3), the metal piece is a TC4 titanium alloy metal piece (1).
10. The method for bonding ceramic matrix composites and metal materials according to claim 9, wherein in step 3.1), the pre-machining heat treatment process for the TC4 titanium alloy metal piece (1) comprises the following steps: carrying out aging treatment for 2 hours at 600 +/-10 ℃;
in step 3.3), the treatment mode for eliminating the residual machining stress is as follows: carrying out heat preservation aging treatment for 2 hours at a high temperature section of 150 +/-10 ℃, carrying out aging treatment at a low temperature section of-70 +/-10 ℃ after furnace cold shortage, carrying out heat preservation for 3 hours, and alternately carrying out 3 rounds of high-low temperature circulation;
in the step 3.4), the mass ratio of the abrasive to water used in the wet sand blasting treatment is 27-30: 100, wherein the abrasive is homologous with the ceramic matrix composite;
in the step 3.5), the modulus of the anilox knurling groove is 0.5 mm.
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Country or region after: China Address after: 710117 West Section 912 of Biyuan Road, Xi'an High-tech Zone, Shaanxi Province Applicant after: Xi'an Xinyao Ceramic Composite Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710117 West Section 912 of Biyuan Road, Xi'an High-tech Zone, Shaanxi Province Applicant before: XI'AN GOLDEN MOUNTAIN CERAMIC COMPOSITES CO.,LTD. Country or region before: China |