CN115070173B - Ultrasonic pulse square wave MIG auxiliary three-wire arc material-increasing process method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic pulse square wave MIG auxiliary three-wire arc material-increasing process method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
- B23K9/1735—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode making use of several electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/10—Other electric circuits therefor; Protective circuits; Remote controls
- B23K9/1006—Power supply
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
- B23K9/133—Means for feeding electrodes, e.g. drums, rolls, motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention relates to a supersonic pulse square wave MIG auxiliary three-wire electric arc material-increasing process method, which introduces a supersonic pulse square wave MIG electric arc heat source into three electric arc heat sources and is used for material-increasing manufacture of various metal materials. The method improves the degree of freedom of the traditional pulse MIG material adding technology, enables three-wire arc material adding manufacturing to adapt to more different working conditions, has a rich material adding parameter adjusting range, and improves the material adding efficiency on meeting the quality requirement of material adding forming pieces. Compared with the common pulse arc, the supersonic pulse square wave arc has more remarkable electromagnetic contraction effect, higher stiffness and increased penetration. Meanwhile, the molten pool can break up coarse grains in the forming part under the stirring action, which is favorable for forming more grains into nuclei, improves the internal microstructure of the forming part and improves the mechanical property of the forming part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of arc additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a supersonic pulse square wave MIG auxiliary three-wire arc additive process method.
Background
The auxiliary process is used for solving the problems that the coarse grains in the arc additive manufacturing forming part are mainly concentrated in an ultrasonic auxiliary process, a laser impact auxiliary process and the like, and the auxiliary process is commonly used for a monofilament arc additive manufacturing technology with relatively low efficiency. The Chinese patent with the patent application number of CN202210173679.9 discloses an ultrasonic auxiliary additive manufacturing molding method and device, wherein ultrasonic waves are applied in the metal additive manufacturing process to act on the solidification process of molten metal in a molten pool to induce the transition of columnar grains to equiaxed grains, so that the structure of a molded part is improved, the molding defects are reduced, and the performance of the molded part is improved. The method is beneficial to improving the tissue of the formed piece and reducing the forming defects, but has higher requirements on the stability of a generating system for generating ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic waves are applied to the bottom or the periphery of the forming platform. The Chinese patent with the patent application number of CN202010567266.X discloses a laser impact auxiliary arc additive manufacturing method, which solves the problems of coarse grains, holes, oxides and the like in an arc additive component through the cooperative work of arc additive equipment, laser cleaning and laser impact equipment. According to the method, a laser cleaning machine and a pulse laser impact transmitter are respectively arranged at the front and the rear of a welding gun, and the front of a liquid molten pool is cleaned and the rear of the liquid molten pool is subjected to impact vibration through pulse laser. The device has high requirements on the installation and arrangement positions of the device, and meanwhile, a laser cleaning machine and a pulse laser impact transmitter are required to be maintained regularly, so that the device is prevented from being polluted by the splashed melt.
Based on the investigation and research, the novel auxiliary process with lower requirements on equipment is explored, and the method has practical significance. A superaudio pulse square wave MIG additive process has been developed. Compared with the conventional electric arc, the energy density, the stiffness and the electric arc force of the electric arc generated by the ultrasonic pulse equipment are greatly increased, and researches show that ultrasonic pulse arc welding (UHFP-AW, ultra-high Frequency PulsedArc Welding) can improve the structure morphology of a weld joint and the mechanical property of the joint. The supersonic pulse square wave arc heat source is used for additive manufacturing of various metal materials, by superposing high-frequency pulse current on the basis of variable polarity current output, the change rate of the power supply output current can reach di/dt not less than 50A/mu s, and compared with the change rate of the conventional power supply output current (di/dt is not less than 5A/mu s), the change rate is faster, and the stability of welding arc can be ensured along the output current by the faster current. The prior related data show that the ultrasonic pulse welding process has wide application range and can be used for welding various alloy materials such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium-aluminum alloy and the like. When the ultrasonic pulse welding process is adopted, dendrites can be broken by the stirring action of the periodically-changed arc pressure on the molten pool, the crystallization center of the molten pool is increased, and the grain refinement of welding seams is promoted. The Chinese patent with the patent application number of CN201811408000.X uses a super-audio pulse welding process in double-tungsten electrode bypass TIG welding, changes a passive control mode of droplet transition into an active control mode, so that the droplet generates super-audio vibration, and the droplet transition is promoted.
Most of the research on the ultrasonic frequency pulse auxiliary process is focused on a single-wire arc additive manufacturing technology, and the ultrasonic frequency pulse auxiliary process also comprises a small amount of double-wire double-tungsten bypass TIG additive, and hardly contains a three-wire arc additive manufacturing technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a supersonic frequency MIG auxiliary three-wire arc material-increasing process method, which utilizes the characteristics of large supersonic frequency pulse square wave arc stiffness and more remarkable shrinkage effect on the basis of pursuing deposition efficiency to generate electromagnetic stirring action on a molten pool, thereby breaking coarse grains in the molten pool, being beneficial to more grain nucleation, improving the internal microstructure of a formed part and improving the mechanical property of the formed part.
A super-audio MIG auxiliary three-wire arc material-increasing process method is characterized in that two double-wire MIG material-increasing power supplies and a super-audio pulse square wave MIG material-increasing power supply are arranged and have flat characteristic or slow-falling characteristic power supplies, the self-adjusting effect of an arc can be utilized to stabilize the arc length, and the stability of the material-increasing process is ensured. The double-wire MIG material-increasing power supply can communicate with each other through the cooperative control cabinet, and phase control of two electric arc base value currents and peak currents is achieved through pulse phase control, so that mutual interference among a plurality of electric arcs due to electromagnetic contraction effect is prevented, and stability of the electric arcs is guaranteed.
The three MIG material-increasing power supplies are respectively matched with a wire pushing and feeding machine, and the wire feeding machine drives wires to the corresponding linear material-increasing gun nozzles. And the inclination angle of the linear material adding gun is set, so that the three wires have a certain offset in the direction vertical to the material adding direction, and the axis of the material adding gun is vertically downward and vertical to the workpiece.
Before actual material addition, oxide and impurities on the surface of a workpiece are cleaned by a grinding machine, the workpiece is fixed by using a pressing plate false clamp, three wire rods are connected into a wire feeding disc, and protective gas is led to an material adding gun.
Further, the double-wire MIG additive power supply and the supersonic frequency pulse square wave MIG additive power supply are started, the same arc voltage, the same additive current and the same arc moving speed technological parameters of the three additive power supplies are set, and the three additive power supplies are guaranteed to have the same output power. The mode of the pulsating current setting of the ultrasonic pulse square wave MIG additive power supply is set to be Ip on the touch screen, ultrasonic auxiliary process can be introduced, and the common non-Ip mode represents that ultrasonic auxiliary process is not added.
When the superaudio auxiliary process is introduced, besides the mode of pulse current, the size Ipp (the setting range is 0-100A) and the frequency f (the setting range is 0-100 kHz) of the superaudio pulse current are also required to be set, and the duty ratio delta (the setting range is 0-100%) of the superaudio pulse current is also required to be set.
Specifically, in the "Ip" mode of the ultrasonic pulse square wave MIG additive, an ultrasonic pulse current Ipp is superimposed on a peak current Ip, the peak time of the ultrasonic pulse current is tp, and the base time of the ultrasonic pulse current is tb. Duty cycle δ=tp/(tp+tb), frequency f=1/(tp+tb). The base value action time is Tb, the base value current is Ib, the peak value action time is Tp, and the total period T is the sum of Tb and Tp.
Compared with the super-audio pulse square wave MIG single-wire arc material adding process, the three-wire arc material adding process can adapt to more different working conditions by adjusting the feeding speed of three wires. When the feeding speeds of the three wires are equal and larger, the deposited metal amount can be obviously increased, and the material adding efficiency is improved. Compared with the ultrasonic single wire additive, the ultrasonic pulse square wave MIG assists three electric arcs of the three-wire electric arc additive to burn simultaneously, the heat input is larger, so that the volume of a high-temperature molten pool is increased, the microstructure is further fully grown and can be homogenized, and the quality of the additive forming part is improved.
And after the three-wire MIG arc additive test, a formed part with good forming and high deposition efficiency is obtained. And (3) performing sample cutting treatment on the formed part by using a wire cutting technology to obtain a metallographic sample and a tensile sample. And (3) carrying out microscopic structure observation on the metallographic specimen, and carrying out tensile mechanical property characterization on the tensile specimen. By comparing the microstructure and mechanical properties of the formed part without adding the ultrasonic auxiliary process and under the ultrasonic auxiliary process, the process method is finally demonstrated to improve the internal microstructure of the formed part and the mechanical properties of the formed part on the basis of ensuring the deposition efficiency.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
1. compared with the existing MIG single-wire arc material-increasing process, the invention utilizes three electric arcs to simultaneously melt wires and workpieces, molten drops formed at the ends of the three wires are transited to respective small molten pools, the three small molten pools are converged to form a large molten pool with larger volume, and the large molten pool is cooled and solidified to obtain higher deposited metal quantity, so that the deposition efficiency of the electric arc material-increasing process can be obviously improved.
2. The ultrasonic frequency auxiliary process introduced by the invention can stir the molten pool, crush coarse grains in the molten pool, facilitate more grain nucleation, improve the internal microstructure of the formed part and improve the mechanical property of the formed part, thereby obtaining higher additive forming quality.
3. Compared with the super-audio pulse square wave MIG single-wire arc material increase, the method can adapt to more different working conditions by adjusting the feeding speeds of three wires, has a rich material increase parameter adjustment range, and has wider application scenes.
4. The invention utilizes three material-increasing power supplies to perform three-wire arc material-increasing manufacture, can obtain larger heat input, increases the volume of a high-temperature molten pool, and further ensures that the microstructure grows sufficiently and can be homogenized; meanwhile, the larger heat input can improve the fluidity of the molten metal, reduce the probability of occurrence of defects such as undercut, pit and the like, and is beneficial to improving the surface quality of a formed part.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three wire MIG arc additive test of an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a super-audio pulse MIG additive current in different modes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the microstructure under two processes of an embodiment of the present invention, (a) no superaudio assist process (200 times); (b) adding a superaudio auxiliary process (200 times); (c) no superaudio auxiliary process (500 times); (d) adding a superaudio auxiliary process (500 times).
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the location of a single wall tensile specimen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of tensile mechanical properties of a single wall according to an embodiment of the present invention.
1-super-audio pulse square wave MIG material adding power supply, 2-first wire feeding disc, 3-first wire feeding machine, 4-first wire, 5-first double wire MIG material adding power supply, 6-second wire feeding disc, 7-second wire, 8-second wire feeding machine, 9-cooperative control cabinet, 10-third wire feeding machine, 11-third wire, 12-third wire feeding disc, 13-second double wire MIG material adding power supply, 14-linear material adding gun, 15-second nozzle, 16-first nozzle, 17-third nozzle, 18-workpiece and 19-workbench.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below by taking 316L stainless steel three-wire arc additive as an example with reference to the accompanying drawings:
a supersonic MIG assisted three-wire arc material-increasing process method comprises the following specific implementation steps:
step 1. On the device, two dual wire MIG additive power supplies as used in fig. 1: the first double-wire MIG additive power supply 5, the second double-wire MIG additive power supply 13 and the ultrasonic pulse square wave MIG additive power supply 1 all have flat characteristic or slow-falling characteristic power supplies, and the self-adjusting effect of the electric arc can be utilized to stabilize the electric arc length, so that the stability of the additive process is ensured. The two double-wire MIG material-increasing power supplies can communicate with each other through the cooperative control cabinet 9, the pulse frequencies of the output pulse currents are the same, the amplitude values are the same, the phases are opposite, the phase control of the two electric arc base value currents and the peak value currents is achieved through the pulse phase control, mutual interference among a plurality of electric arcs due to electromagnetic contraction effect is prevented, and the stability of the electric arcs is guaranteed. The trend of the output current flows out from the anodes of the additive power supplies 1, 5 and 13, passes through the additive gun 14, and generates gas discharge between the wires 4, 7 and 11 and the workpiece 18 to form an arc during the additive process, and the current flows through the arc, the workpiece 18 and the workbench 19 and finally returns to the cathode of the additive power supply.
And 2, respectively matching three MIG material-increasing power supplies with a wire pushing and feeding machine, and driving wires of a wire feeding disc to corresponding linear material-increasing gun nozzles by the wire feeding machine. The power supply 1 is matched with the first wire feeder 3, and the first wire feeder 3 drives the first wire 4 in the first wire feeding disc 2 to the nozzle 16 of the linear additive gun 14. The power supply 5 is matched with a second wire feeder 8, and the second wire feeder 8 drives the second wire 7 in the second wire feeding disc 6 to the nozzle 15 of the linear additive gun 14. The power supply 13 is matched with the third wire feeder 10, and the third wire feeder 10 drives the third wire 11 in the third wire feeding tray 12 to the nozzle 17 of the linear additive gun 14. Setting the inclination angle of the linear type material adding gun 14 to be 18.9 degrees, and setting the center distance between the middle wire and the wires at two sides to be 25mm, calculating that the middle wire and the wires at two sides have a certain offset of 8.5mm in the direction perpendicular to the material adding direction, and enabling the axis of the material adding gun to be vertically downward and perpendicular to the workpiece 18.
And 3, before the actual material addition, cleaning oxides and impurities on the surface of a workpiece by using a grinding machine, connecting three 316L stainless steel solid wires with the diameter of 1.2mm into a wire feeding disc, and introducing protective gas to an material adding gun.
And 4, starting a double-wire MIG additive power supply and a supersonic frequency pulse square wave MIG additive power supply, setting the technological parameters of the three additive power supplies that the equivalent arc voltage is 26.8V, the additive current is 200A and the arc moving speed is 7mm/s, and ensuring that the three additive power supplies have the equivalent output power. The mode of the pulsating current setting of the ultrasonic pulse square wave MIG additive power supply is set to Ip on the touch screen, and ultrasonic auxiliary process is introduced at the peak.
As shown in Table 1, the ultrasonic pulse current was set to 20A at a frequency of 30kHz and a ultrasonic pulse current duty cycle of 50%. Within a certain current parameter range, the higher the current value of the ultrasonic pulse, the higher the frequency, the shorter the duration of the ultrasonic pulse in a single period, namely the smaller the duty ratio, the higher the ultrasonic intensity which can be generated, and the method for preparing the ultrasonic pulse has the characteristics of the ultrasonic pulseThe more remarkable the refining effect. Base value time of action T b Peak action time T of 8ms p For 3ms, the total period T is T b And T is p The sum is 11ms. If no superaudio auxiliary process is added, namely, the process is not in an 'Ip' mode, the set process parameters are shown in table 1, and the superaudio pulse current level Ipp, the frequency f and the duty ratio delta are adjusted to be 0; other parameters remain unchanged.
TABLE 1 Process parameter Table for different modes of superaudio auxiliary Process
And 5, performing three-wire MIG arc additive tests according to the planned additive paths, wherein the tests are mainly divided into a common three-wire pulse MIG additive test without superaudio and a three-wire pulse MIG additive test with superaudio, and are reflected in that an ' Ip ' mode and a non-Ip ' mode are respectively set on superaudio equipment. And (3) performing a three-wire MIG arc single-channel single-layer additive test to obtain the single-channel single-layer formed piece with good forming and high deposition efficiency. The welding dimensions of the single-channel single-layer forming piece such as the melting width, the residual height and the like are related to the offset of wires, when the inclination angle of the linear material adding gun and the material adding direction is larger, the offset among three wires is larger, and the obtained single-channel single-layer forming piece has larger melting width and smaller residual height. When the inclination angle of the linear material adding gun and the material adding direction is smaller, the offset among the three wires is smaller, the obtained single-channel single-layer forming piece is smaller in melting width and larger in residual height.
And 6, performing sample cutting treatment on the single-channel single-layer formed piece by using a wire cutting technology to obtain a metallographic sample. Grinding, polishing and corroding metallographic samples respectively, observing microscopic structures under an optical microscope, and comparing the differences of internal structures of the single-channel forming part under the processes of no superaudio auxiliary process and superaudio auxiliary process. Fig. 3 (a) and (b) show the microstructure without the superaudio auxiliary process and the microstructure with the superaudio auxiliary process under the magnification of 200, respectively, and it can be found that the coarser columnar crystals in fig. 3 (a) are densely distributed, the growth direction of the columnar crystals is opposite to the heat dissipation direction of the formed piece, and the grain size is larger. The primary dendrite in the tissue is developed, the secondary dendrite and the primary dendrite extend outwards at a certain inclined angle, and the tissue is thicker. The ultrasonic frequency auxiliary process is added under the same multiple to obtain the figure 3 (b), the number of crystal grains is more, most dendrites are crushed into equiaxed grains with smaller grain size under the stirring effect of ultrasonic frequency, and the shape is approximately spherical. Comparing the microstructures of the two processes under the magnification of 500, it can be found that the crystal grains of the formed piece obtained by adding the ultrasonic auxiliary process are finer, the size can be below 10 microns, and more broken equiaxed crystals exist in the tissue compared with the tissue without adding the ultrasonic auxiliary process. The morphology difference of the formed part under the two processes shows that the addition of the superaudio auxiliary process in the three-wire arc material-increasing process can break dendrites in the structure into fine equiaxed grains, which is beneficial to the nucleation of more grains and the optimization of the formed part structure.
And 7, performing a three-wire MIG arc single-channel multilayer additive test to obtain the single wall forming piece with good forming and high deposition efficiency. As shown in fig. 4, the single wall forming member was cut by a wire cutting technique to obtain two groups of tensile samples, one group being transverse and one group being longitudinal. The length direction of the tensile sample is consistent with the material adding direction.
And (3) comparing and analyzing the influence of the superaudio auxiliary process on the mechanical properties of the three-wire arc additive molded part. The transverse tensile strength and the elongation rate of the superaudio molding part are respectively (559+/-16.6) MPa, (36.5+/-1)%, and the longitudinal tensile strength and the elongation rate are respectively (521+/-14.2) MPa, (39.3+/-2.7)%; the transverse tensile strength and the elongation percentage of the non-superaudio molded part are respectively (536+/-20.8) MPa, (38.6+/-3)%, and the longitudinal tensile strength and the elongation percentage are respectively (483+/-21) MPa, (18.5+/-2.8)%. In the transverse direction, the tensile strength of the formed part is improved by about 17MPa after the superaudio auxiliary process is added; in the longitudinal direction, the tensile strength of the formed part is improved by about 38MPa and the elongation is improved by about 11 percent after the superaudio auxiliary process is added. Therefore, after the superaudio auxiliary process is introduced, the transverse and longitudinal mechanical properties of the single wall are improved to different degrees. The reason is that the internal structure of the formed part is mainly fine equiaxed crystal after the ultrasonic auxiliary process is added, and the smaller the crystal grain size is, the higher the strength of the formed part is according to the Hall-Peltier theory, so that the mechanical property of the formed part is improved after the ultrasonic auxiliary process is added.
The three-wire MIG arc additive test is mainly divided into a common three-wire pulse MIG additive test without superaudio and a three-wire pulse MIG additive test with superaudio. And (3) performing a three-wire MIG arc single-channel single-layer additive test to obtain the single-channel formed piece with good forming and high deposition efficiency. The welding dimensions of the single-channel forming piece such as the melting width, the residual height and the like are related to the offset of wires, when the inclination angle of the linear type material adding gun and the material adding direction is larger, the offset among three wires is larger, and the obtained single-channel forming piece has larger melting width and smaller residual height. When the inclination angle of the linear material adding gun and the material adding direction is smaller, the offset among the three wires is smaller, the obtained single-channel forming piece is smaller in melting width and larger in residual height.
And (3) carrying out sample cutting treatment on the single-channel formed part by using a wire cutting technology to obtain a metallographic sample. Grinding, polishing and corroding metallographic samples respectively, observing microscopic structures under an optical microscope, and comparing the differences of internal structures of the single-channel forming part under the processes of no superaudio auxiliary process and superaudio auxiliary process.
And carrying out a three-wire MIG arc single-channel multilayer additive test to obtain the single wall forming piece with good forming and high deposition efficiency. And (3) carrying out sample cutting treatment on the single wall forming piece by using a linear cutting technology to obtain two groups of tensile samples, wherein one group is transverse and the other group is longitudinal. And (3) comparing and analyzing the influence of the superaudio auxiliary process on the mechanical properties of the three-wire arc additive molded part.
Claims (6)
1. A supersonic pulse square wave MIG auxiliary three-wire arc material-increasing process method is characterized in that two double-wire MIG material-increasing power supplies and a supersonic pulse square wave MIG material-increasing power supply are arranged, and have flat characteristic or slow-falling characteristic power supplies, so that the self-regulating effect of an arc can be utilized to stabilize the arc length, and the stability of the material-increasing process is ensured; setting a double-wire MIG material-adding power supply to communicate with each other through a cooperative control cabinet, wherein the output pulse currents have the same pulse frequency, the same amplitude and opposite phases, and the phase control of two electric arc base value currents and peak currents is achieved through pulse phase control, so that mutual interference among a plurality of electric arcs due to electromagnetic contraction effect is prevented, and the stability of the electric arcs is ensured; three wires can be simultaneously connected by the linear type material adding gun, and the centers of two adjacent wires have a certain distance which is 15-25 mm;
the two double-wire MIG material-increasing power supplies and the two superaudio pulse square wave MIG material-increasing power supplies are respectively matched with a wire pushing and feeding machine;
the mode of the pulsating current setting of the ultrasonic pulse square wave MIG additive power supply is set to be Ip, and ultrasonic auxiliary technology is introduced at the peak value.
2. The ultrasonic pulse square wave MIG-assisted three-wire arc additive process method of claim 1, wherein the specific implementation steps are as follows:
step 1: cleaning oxides and impurities on the surface of a workpiece, fixing the workpiece, connecting three coils of wires, and introducing protective gas;
step 2: setting an inclination angle of a linear material adding gun, so that the three wires have a certain offset in a direction perpendicular to the material adding direction, and the axis of the material adding gun is perpendicular to a workpiece;
step 3: starting a double-wire MIG (metal-inert gas) additive power supply and a supersonic pulse square wave MIG additive power supply, setting arc voltage, additive current and arc moving speed technological parameters, and ensuring that three additive power supplies have the same output power;
step 4: and opening a switch main gate, starting an additive power switch, performing three-wire MIG arc additive, and adding three-wire pulse MIG additive with supersonic frequency.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the inclination angle of the additive gun is an angle between a connecting line of centers of adjacent wires and the three-wire additive direction, the angle ranges from zero to ninety degrees, and the offset is a product of a center distance between adjacent wires and a sine value of the inclination angle of the additive gun in the three-wire arc additive process.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein when the ultrasonic-frequency auxiliary process is introduced, the ultrasonic-frequency pulse current and the frequency are set in addition to the pulse current mode, the ultrasonic-frequency pulse current duty cycle is set, the ultrasonic-frequency pulse current is Ipp, the setting range is 0-100A and the frequency f, the setting range is 0-100kHz, the ultrasonic-frequency pulse current duty cycle delta is 0-100%.
5. The ultrasonic pulse square wave MIG assisted three-wire arc additive process method of claim 2, wherein an ultrasonic pulse current Ipp is superimposed on a peak current Ip in an 'Ip' mode of ultrasonic pulse square wave MIG additive, the ultrasonic pulse current peak time tp is superimposed on the peak current Ip, and the ultrasonic pulse current base time tb is superimposed on the peak current Ip; the duty cycle is delta=tp/(tp+tb), the frequency is f=1/(tp+tb), the base-value action time is Tb, the base-value current is Ib, the peak-value action time is Tp, and the total period T is the sum of Tb and Tp.
6. The superaudio pulse square wave MIG-assisted three wire arc additive process method of claim 2, wherein the process method requires the use of a three wire MIG arc additive equipment system, in particular: a super-audio pulse square wave MIG material-adding power supply is introduced to the two double-wire MIG material-adding power supplies, and a wire feeding mechanism matched with the super-audio material-adding power supply is lapped, and a linear material-adding gun integrating three wires is adopted.
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