CN115060179A - Tool diameter detection system and method, machining equipment and computer storage medium - Google Patents
Tool diameter detection system and method, machining equipment and computer storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 11
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
- G01B11/10—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters of objects while moving
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cutter diameter detection system and method, machining equipment and a computer storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of machining. The motion module is used for mounting a cutter and driving the cutter to move; the detection module is used for generating a first signal when the cutter moves to a detection datum line of the detection module and generating a second signal when the cutter leaves the detection datum line; the motion module is in communication connection with the calculation module and sends motion information to the calculation module, and the calculation module is used for obtaining a tool diameter measurement value D of the tool according to the motion information, the first signal and the second signal v (ii) a A calibration formula is stored in the calibration module, and the calibration module is used for measuring the tool diameter measured value D of the tool according to the calibration formula v Calibrating to output a tool diameter detection value D d . The invention has good detection precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a tool diameter detection system and method, machining equipment and a computer storage medium.
Background
When the PCB is processed, different processing equipment is adopted to carry out different process operations; drilling the PCB for example by a drilling machine; and carrying out routing operation on the PCB by adopting a routing machine, and cutting and splitting the PCB by adopting a board splitting machine. In different processing equipment, a cutter is required to process the PCB. For the PCB with higher requirement on processing precision, the tool diameter of the tool needs to be measured in advance before processing so as to ensure the high-precision processing of the PCB.
The accurate measurement of the cutter diameter has important significance for the high-precision processing of the PCB. In the prior art, a commonly used tool diameter measuring method is manual detection, namely, the tool diameter of a tool is identified through manual naked eyes.
However, the manual identification is inefficient and prone to errors, which is not favorable for the processing precision and efficiency of the product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cutter diameter detection system and method, machining equipment and a computer storage medium, and aims to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, when the cutter diameter is manually detected, a detection result is easy to have an error with a real value.
As the conception, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a tool diameter detection system comprising:
the motion module is used for mounting a cutter and driving the cutter to move;
the detection module is used for generating a first signal when the cutter moves to a detection reference line of the detection module and generating a second signal when the cutter leaves the detection reference line;
the motion module and the detection module are respectively in communication connection with the computation module, the motion module sends motion information to the computation module, the detection module sends the first signal and the second signal to the computation module, and the computation module is used for obtaining a tool diameter measurement value D of the tool according to the motion information, the first signal and the second signal v ；
The calibration module is internally stored with a calibration formula and used for calibrating the knife of the knife tool according to the calibration formulaDiameter measurement D v Calibrating to output a tool diameter detection value D d 。
Optionally, the motion module comprises:
the configuration unit is used for setting motion parameters of the cutter, and the motion parameters comprise a moving path, a moving speed and a rotating speed;
the action unit is used for driving the cutter to move according to the motion parameters set by the configuration unit;
and the tracking unit is used for monitoring the actual coordinate of the cutter in real time and sending the monitored actual coordinate to the computing module.
Optionally, the detection module includes a photoelectric sensor, and the movement module is configured to drive the cutter to pass through between an emitting end and a receiving end of the photoelectric sensor, so that the photoelectric sensor generates the first signal and the second signal.
A tool diameter detection method is used for detecting the tool diameter of a tool by adopting the tool diameter detection system, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring a calibration formula;
measuring the tool diameter of the tool to obtain a tool diameter measurement value D v ；
Using said tool diameter measurement D v And calculating by the calibration formula to obtain a tool diameter detection value D of the tool d 。
Optionally, the method for obtaining a calibration formula includes:
obtaining the actual diameter D of the plurality of cutters r A plurality of said actual values of diameter D r Are not identical;
measuring the diameters of a plurality of cutters to obtain a plurality of measured diameters D m ；
Using said actual value D of the diameter of the tool r And the measured value D of the tool diameter m Obtaining the actual value D of the diameter of the cutter r With respect to the measured value D of the tool diameter m Functional relationship D of r ＝f(D m ) And the functional relation is the calibration formula.
Optionally, the tool diameter of the tool is measured to obtain a measured tool diameter value D m The method comprises the following steps:
measuring the diameter of each cutter for multiple times to obtain the initial measured value D of the diameter of each cutter p ；
For each initial value D of the tool diameter p Screening, eliminating the maximum value and the minimum value, and measuring the rest cutter diameter initial value D p Obtaining the measured value D of the tool diameter after averaging m 。
Optionally, obtaining said functional relation D r ＝f(D m ) The method comprises the following steps:
calculating the actual diameter D of each tool r And the measured value D of the tool diameter m Matching into a group to obtain a tool diameter relation array (D) of each tool r ，D m )；
A plurality of said tool diameter relation arrays (D) for a plurality of said tools r ，D m ) Performing curve fitting to obtain the functional relation D r ＝f(D m ) All the tool diameter relation arrays (D) r ，D m ) The actual value D of the tool diameter r And the measured value D of the tool diameter m All satisfy the functional relationship D r ＝f(D m )。
Optionally, the measuring the tool diameter of the tool to obtain the tool diameter measured value D v The method comprises the following steps:
measuring the diameter of the cutter for multiple times to obtain the initial measured value D of the diameter of the cutter each time p ；
The tool diameter initial measurement value D of each tool p Screening, eliminating the maximum value and the minimum value, and measuring the rest cutter diameter initial value D p Obtaining the tool diameter measured value D after averaging v 。
Optionally, the initial measured value D of the tool diameter p The acquisition comprises the following steps:
setting motion parameters of the cutter, wherein the motion parameters comprise a moving path, a moving speed and a rotating speed;
controlling the cutter to rotate at a set rotating speed and move at a set moving speed according to a moving path;
generating a first signal when the cutter reaches a detection reference line, and generating a second signal when the cutter leaves the detection reference line;
extracting coordinates (x) of the positions of the tools respectively when the first signal and the second signal are generated 1 ，y 1 ) And (x) 2 ，y 2 ) Extracting an included angle theta between the moving path of the cutter and the detection datum line during the period from the generation of the first signal to the generation of the second signal, and calculating to obtain a cutter diameter initial measurement value D p ：
Optionally, said using said tool diameter measurement D v And calculating by the calibration formula to obtain a tool diameter detection value D of the tool d The method comprises the following steps:
measuring the diameter of the tool D v Substituting into the calibration formula D r ＝f(D m ) Let D m ＝D v D obtained by r As a tool diameter detection value D d I.e. D d ＝f(D v )。
Optionally, after obtaining the calibration formula, the tool diameter detection method further includes:
selecting a known tool diameter actual value D r The cutter of (1);
measuring the tool diameter of the tool to obtain a tool diameter measurement value D v ；
Measuring the diameter D of the cutter v Substituting into the calibration formula D r ＝f(D m ) Let D m ＝D v Obtaining a tool diameter detection value D d ；
If D is r -r≤D d ≤D r + r, judging that the calibration formula is correct, otherwise, utilizing the tool diameter measured value D of the tool v And the actual value D of the diameter of the tool r And adjusting and optimizing the calibration formula, wherein r is a preset tolerance.
A machining device comprises the tool diameter detection system.
A computer storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the tool diameter detection method described above.
Has the advantages that:
the cutter diameter detection system can automatically complete cutter diameter detection without manpower, so that the manpower cost can be saved and the efficiency can be improved; and the tool diameter measurement value D of the tool is measured by the calibration module according to the calibration formula v Calibrating to ensure the output tool diameter detection value D d The accuracy of (2). Meanwhile, the cutter diameter detection system is simple in hardware structure, high-cost configuration is not needed, and cost is saved.
According to the cutter diameter detection method, the cutter diameter detection is automatically completed through the cutter diameter detection system, and the detection efficiency is high; and measuring the tool diameter D of the tool according to a calibration formula v Calibrating to ensure the output tool diameter detection value D d The accuracy of (2).
The processing equipment provided by the invention comprises the cutter diameter detection system, can automatically complete cutter diameter detection, and has high detection efficiency; and the tool diameter measurement value D of the tool is measured by the calibration module according to the calibration formula v Calibrating to ensure the output tool diameter detection value D d The accuracy of (2).
The computer storage medium provided by the invention is stored with a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the cutter diameter detection method, so that the detection efficiency is high; and measuring the tool diameter D of the tool according to a calibration formula v Calibrating to ensure the output tool diameter detection value D d The accuracy of (2).
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tool diameter detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a tool and a photoelectric sensor in a tool diameter measuring process according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a tool passing through a photoelectric sensor during a tool diameter measurement process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a tool diameter detection method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a top view of the second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the moving direction of the tool is perpendicular to the detection reference line;
fig. 7 is a top view of the second embodiment of the present invention when an included angle exists between the moving direction of the tool and the detection reference line;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
10. a machine base; 101. a frame; 102. a main shaft;
1. a motion module; 2. a detection module; 3. a calculation module; 4. a calibration module; 5. a cutter; 6. a transmitting end; 7. and (4) receiving the data.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the elements associated with the present invention are shown in the drawings.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a tool diameter detection system, which can automatically complete the tool diameter detection of the tool 5, avoid being affected by subjective factors of detection personnel, and improve the detection efficiency and the detection precision.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the tool diameter detection system includes a motion module 1, a detection module 2, a calculation module 3, and a calibration module 4.
The motion module 1 is used for installing the cutter 5 and driving the cutter 5 to move.
The detection module 2 is used for generating a first signal when the cutter 5 moves to a detection reference line of the detection module 2 and generating a second signal when the cutter 5 leaves the detection reference line.
The motion module 1 and the detection module 2 are respectively in communication connection with the calculation module 3, the motion module 1 sends motion information to the calculation module 3, the detection module 3 sends a first signal and a second signal to the calculation module 3, and the calculation module 3 is used for obtaining a tool diameter measurement value D of the tool 5 according to the motion information, the first signal and the second signal v 。
Optionally, a calibration formula is stored in the calibration module 4, and the calibration module 4 is configured to measure the tool diameter D of the tool 5 according to the calibration formula v Calibrating to output a tool diameter detection value D d . Or after the calibration formula is obtained through experimental operation in the field, the calibration formula is stored in the calibration module 4.
When the tool diameter detection system provided by the embodiment is used for measuring the tool diameter of the tool 5, the tool 5 is firstly installed on the motion module 1. Then the moving module 1 drives the cutter 5 to move; when the motion module 1 drives the cutter 5 to move to a detection reference line of the detection module 2, the detection module 2 generates a first signal, the detection module 2 sends the first signal to the calculation module 3, and then the calculation module 3 extracts the motion information of the cutter 5 when the first signal is generated from data information received by the motion module 1 in real time; when the motion module 1 drives the cutter to move to a position away from the detection datum line of the detection module 2, the detection module 2 generates a second signal, the detection module 2 sends the second signal to the calculation module 3, and similarly, the calculation module 3 extracts the motion information of the cutter 5 when the second signal is generated from the data information received by the motion module 1 in real time. After the cutter 5 finishes moving, the calculation module 3 obtains a cutter diameter measurement value D of the cutter 5 according to the movement information, the first signal and the second signal v . Finally, the calibration module 4 measures the tool diameter D of the tool 5 according to a calibration formula v Calibrating to output the tool diameter detection value D d 。
The tool diameter detection system provided by the embodiment can automatically complete tool diameter detection without human participation, so that the human cost can be saved and the detection efficiency can be improved; the tool diameter measured value D of the tool 5 is calibrated by the calibration module 4 according to the calibration formula v Calibrating to ensure the output tool diameter detection value D d The accuracy of (2).
Further, in the present embodiment, the motion module 1 includes a configuration unit, an action unit, and a tracking unit.
Wherein the configuration unit is used for setting the movement parameters of the tool 5. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the motion parameters include a moving path, a moving speed, a rotation speed, and the like.
The action unit is used for driving the cutter 5 to move according to the movement parameters set by the configuration unit; specifically, the action unit is used for driving the cutter 5 to move and rotate according to the moving path, the moving speed and the rotating speed set by the configuration unit.
The tracking unit is used for monitoring the actual coordinate of the cutter 5 in real time and sending the monitored actual coordinate to the computing module 3. The calculation module 3 is able to retrieve the coordinates of the tool 5 when the first signal is generated and the coordinates of the tool 5 when the second signal is generated.
Specifically, the motion information includes the actual coordinates of the tool 5 when the first signal is generated and the actual coordinates of the tool 5 when the second signal is generated, and the tool diameter measurement value D can be obtained from the two actual coordinates v . Further, the motion information also includes motion parameters.
Further, referring to fig. 2-4, in the present embodiment, the detection module 2 includes a photoelectric sensor, and the moving module 1 is configured to drive the cutter 5 to pass through between the emitting end 6 and the receiving end 7 of the photoelectric sensor, so that the photoelectric sensor generates a first signal and a second signal.
In fig. 3 and 4, a broken line between the transmitting terminal 6 and the receiving terminal 7 indicates a detection reference line. Specifically, the detection reference line is a light ray emitted by the photoelectric sensor.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2 to 4, in this embodiment, when the moving module 1 drives the cutter 5 to just enter the detection reference line between the emitting end 6 and the receiving end 7, the cutter 5 blocks the light emitted from the emitting end 6, the receiving end 7 cannot receive the signal, and the photoelectric sensor generates a first signal; the movement module 1 drives the cutter 5 to continue to move along the movement direction until the cutter 5 leaves the detection datum line, the receiving end 7 can receive the signal again, and at the moment, the photoelectric sensor generates a second signal.
Illustratively, the tool 5 is a milling cutter. The motion module 1 drives the milling cutter to slowly penetrate through the space between the transmitting end 6 and the receiving end 7 of the photoelectric sensor at a constant speed; in this process, the photosensor experiences two states in sequence:
the first state: the milling cutter shields the opposite light rays of the photoelectric sensor, and the photoelectric sensor is triggered;
and a second state: and (5) the milling cutter leaves the photoelectric sensor to emit the opposite rays, and the photoelectric sensor is triggered to end.
In the first state, the photoelectric sensor is just triggered, and the detection module 2 generates a first signal; and in the second state, the triggering of the photoelectric sensor is finished, and the detection module 2 generates a second signal. The motion module 1 can record the position information of the milling cutter in the first state and the position information of the milling cutter in the second state. Specifically, the position information includes actual coordinates.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the detection module 2 generates a first signal and then sends the first signal to the calculation module 3. The detection module 2 generates a second signal and then sends the second signal to the calculation module 3. When the motion module 1 drives the cutter 5 to complete motion, the calculation module 3 retrieves the position information of the milling cutter when a first signal is generated and the position information of the milling cutter when a second signal is generated, and the calculation module 3 outputs a cutter diameter measured value D v Then, the calibration module 4 outputs the tool diameter detection value D again d 。
The cutter diameter detection system provided by the embodiment has a simple hardware structure, does not need high-volume configuration, and can save production cost.
Example two
Referring to fig. 5, the present embodiment provides a method for detecting a tool diameter, which detects a tool diameter of a tool 5 by using a tool diameter detection system in the first embodiment, and the method for detecting a tool diameter includes the following steps:
s1, acquiring a calibration formula;
s2, measuring the tool diameter of the tool 5 to obtain a tool diameter measured value D v ；
S3, utilizing the measured value D of the tool diameter v Calculating the tool diameter detection value D of the tool 5 by a calibration formula d 。
Further, in this embodiment, in order to ensure the accuracy of the detection result, the method for detecting the diameter of the blade further includes:
s4, measuring the same tool for multiple times to obtain multiple tool diameter detection values D of the tool d Eliminating a plurality of tool diameter detection values D d The average value of the rest data is obtained and used as the final tool diameter detection value D d And output by the calibration module 4.
Specifically, in this embodiment, a calibration formula D is stored in the calibration module 4 r ＝f(D m ) When the tool diameter is measured, a calibration formula D is directly obtained from the calibration module 4 r ＝f(D m ) And (4) finishing.
Specifically, the tool diameter of the tool 5 is measured to obtain a tool diameter measurement value D v When the cutter is moved, the moving module 1 drives the cutter 5 to pass through the detection module 2, and the calculation module 3 outputs a cutter diameter measured value D v 。
In particular, the calibration module 4 uses the tool diameter measurement D v Calculating the tool diameter detection value D of the tool 5 by a calibration formula d Then, the tool diameter detection value D is output d 。
Specifically, the tool diameter of the tool 5 is measured to obtain a tool diameter measurement value D v The method comprises the following steps:
the diameter of the cutter 5 is measured for a plurality of times to obtain the initial measured value D of the diameter of the cutter each time p ；
Initial measurement value D of the diameter of each tool 5 p Screening and rejecting the initial measured value D of the diameter of the same cutter 5 p Maximum and minimum values of (D), the initial measured value D of the rest of the tool diameter p Obtaining a tool diameter measurement value D after averaging v 。
Further, referring to fig. 6 and 7, the initial value D of the diameter of the cutter p The acquisition comprises the following steps:
setting the motion parameters of the cutter 5; specifically, the motion parameters include a moving path, a moving speed and a rotating speed; specifically, the moving path, moving speed and rotational speed of the tool 5 are set by the configuration unit of the motion module 1;
controlling the cutter 5 to rotate at a set rotating speed and move at a set moving speed according to a moving path; specifically, the tool 5 is controlled by the motion unit of the motion module 1 to rotate at a set rotating speed and move along a moving path at a set moving speed;
generating a first signal when the cutter 5 reaches the detection reference line, and generating a second signal when the cutter 5 leaves the detection reference line; specifically, the detection module 2 generates a first signal when the tool 5 reaches the detection reference line, and the detection module 2 generates a second signal when the tool 5 leaves the detection reference line; specifically, the actual coordinates of the tool 5 when the first signal is generated and the actual coordinates of the tool 5 when the second signal is generated are sent to the calculation module 3 by the tracking unit of the motion module 1;
extracting coordinates (x) of positions of the tool 5 at which the first signal and the second signal are generated, respectively 1 ，y 1 ) And (x) 2 ，y 2 ) Extracting an included angle theta between a moving path of the cutter 5 and the detection datum line during the period from the generation of the first signal to the generation of the second signal, and calculating to obtain a cutter diameter initial measurement value D p ：
In fig. 6 and 7, the dotted circle indicates that the tool 5 is located at the detection start point, and the position coordinate of the tool 5 at this time is (x) 1 ，y 1 ) (ii) a The solid circle indicates that the tool 5 is located at the detection end point, and the position coordinate of the tool 5 at this time is (x) 2 ，y 2 ). The dotted straight line represents a detection reference line. Exemplarily, in fig. 6, the moving path is perpendicular to the detection reference line; at the moment, the included angle theta between the moving path and the detection datum line is 90 degrees, and the initial measurement value of the tool diameter is
In fig. 7, the angle θ between the movement path and the detection reference line is an acute angle, and the tool diameter is initially measured
Preferably, the initial measured value D of the tool diameter is obtained every time p When the moving speed and the rotation of the motion module 1 are constant; preferably, the moving path is perpendicular to the detection reference line, and sin θ is 1.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the tool diameter measurement value D is used v Calculating the tool diameter detection value D of the tool 5 by a calibration formula d The method comprises the following steps:
measuring the diameter of the tool D v Carry into calibration equation D r ＝f(D m ) Let D m ＝D v D obtained by r Is a tool diameter detection value D d I.e. D d ＝f(D v )。
In particular, the tool diameter measurement D is used by the calibration module 4 v And calculating the tool diameter detection value D of the tool 5 by a calibration formula d 。
The cutter diameter detection method provided by the embodiment has the advantages of simple calculation mode, accurate result and timely response, and can meet the requirement of accurate detection of the cutter diameter on the basis of reducing the cost.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment provides a method for detecting a tool diameter, which is implemented by using a tool diameter detection system in the first embodiment to detect the tool diameter of a tool 5, and the method for detecting the tool diameter comprises the following steps:
acquiring a calibration formula;
the tool diameter of the tool 5 is measured to obtain a tool diameter measurement value D v ；
Using tool diameter measurements D v Calculating the tool diameter detection value D of the tool 5 by a calibration formula d 。
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the calibration formula is obtained by field test, and after the calibration formula is obtained, the calibration formula is stored in the calibration module 4.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the method for obtaining the calibration formula includes the following steps:
obtaining actual diameter values D of a plurality of cutters 5 r A plurality of actual values of tool diameter D r Are not identical; in particular, the actual value D of the tool r For known data, can directly communicateObtained by the model specifications of the cutters 5;
measuring the diameters of a plurality of cutters 5 to obtain a plurality of measured diameters D m ；
Using the actual value D of the diameter of the tool r Measured value of sum diameter D m Obtaining an actual value D of the diameter r Measured value D of tool diameter m Functional relationship D of r ＝f(D m ) The functional relationship is a calibration formula.
Specifically, the tool diameter of the tool 5 is measured to obtain a measured tool diameter value D m The method comprises the following steps:
the diameter of each cutter 5 is measured for a plurality of times to obtain the initial measured value D of the diameter of each cutter p (ii) a Specifically, in this step, the motion module 1, the detection module 2 and the calculation module 3 cooperate to obtain the initial measured value D of the tool diameter each time p ；
For each cutter diameter primary measurement value D p Screening, eliminating the maximum value and the minimum value, and measuring the rest cutter diameter p The average value is calculated to obtain the measured value D of the tool diameter of the tool 5 m . Specifically, in this step, the calculation module 3 outputs the measured value D of the tool diameter m 。
Specifically, the tool diameter of each tool 5 is measured multiple times to obtain the initial measured value D of the tool diameter each time p Wherein each measuring step comprises: the motion module 1 drives the cutter 5 to pass through the detection module 2, and the calculation module 3 obtains the cutter diameter initial measurement value D each time p . Preferably, the moving speed of the moving module 1 driving the cutter 5 is kept consistent in each measurement.
In this embodiment, the maximum value and the minimum value are eliminated, and the rest of the tool diameter initial measurement values D are obtained p An average value is obtained, and the obtained average value is used as a measured value D of the diameter of the tool 5 m . Of course, in other embodiments, all the initial measurements D of the tool diameter may be used p As the actual measured value D of the tool 5, the mode or the weighted average value of m 。
In particular, a functional relationship D is obtained r ＝f(D m ) The method comprises the following steps:
the actual diameter D of each cutter 5 is calculated r Measured value of sum diameter D m Matching into a group to obtain a tool diameter relation array (D) of each tool 5 r ，D m )；
A plurality of tool diameter relation arrays (D) of the plurality of tools 5 r ，D m ) Performing curve fitting to obtain a functional relation D r ＝f(D m ) All tool diameter relation arrays (D) r ，D m ) Actual diameter D of the cutting edge r Measured value of sum diameter D m All satisfy the functional relation D r ＝f(D m )。
By obtaining a functional relationship D r ＝f(D m ) Can effectively eliminate the cutter diameter actual value D caused by the deflection and other problems in the cutter diameter measuring process of the cutter 5 r Measured value D of tool diameter m The difference between the two cutting edges simplifies the complexity in the process of detecting the cutting diameter and obtains an accurate actual value D of the cutting diameter r That is, an accurate tool diameter detection value D is obtained d 。
Specifically, the tool diameter of the tool 5 is measured to obtain a tool diameter measurement value D v The method comprises the following steps:
the diameter of the cutter 5 is measured for a plurality of times to obtain the initial measured value D of the diameter of the cutter each time p ；
Initial measurement value D of the diameter of each tool 5 p Screening, eliminating the maximum value and the minimum value, and measuring the rest cutter diameter p Obtaining a tool diameter measurement value D after averaging v 。
Further, the initial value D of the diameter of the cutter p The acquisition comprises the following steps:
setting the motion parameters of the cutter 5; specifically, the motion parameters include a moving path, a moving speed and a rotating speed; specifically, the moving path, moving speed and rotational speed of the tool 5 are set by the configuration unit of the motion module 1;
controlling the cutter 5 to rotate at a set rotating speed and move at a set moving speed according to a moving path; specifically, the tool 5 is controlled by the motion unit of the motion module 1 to rotate at a set rotating speed and move along a moving path at a set moving speed;
generating a first signal when the cutter 5 reaches the detection reference line, and generating a second signal when the cutter 5 leaves the detection reference line; specifically, the detection module 2 generates a first signal when the tool 5 reaches the detection reference line, and the detection module 2 generates a second signal when the tool 5 leaves the detection reference line; specifically, the actual coordinates of the tool 5 when the first signal is generated and the actual coordinates of the tool 5 when the second signal is generated are sent to the calculation module 3 by the tracking unit of the motion module 1;
extracting coordinates (x) of positions of the tool 5 at which the first signal and the second signal are generated, respectively 1 ，y 1 ) And (x) 2 ，y 2 ) Extracting an included angle theta between a moving path of the cutter 5 and the detection datum line during the period from the generation of the first signal to the generation of the second signal, and calculating to obtain a cutter diameter initial measurement value D p ：
Specifically, the calculation module 3 extracts the coordinates (x) of the positions of the tools 5 respectively when the first signal and the second signal are generated 1 ，y 1 ) And (x) 2 ，y 2 ) The calculation module 3 extracts an included angle theta between the moving path of the tool 5 and the detection datum line during the period from the generation of the first signal to the generation of the second signal, and the calculation module 3 calculates to obtain a tool diameter initial measurement value D p 。
Preferably, the initial measured value D of the tool diameter is obtained p When the movement speed and the rotation of the motion module 1 are constant; preferably, the moving path is perpendicular to the detection reference line, and sin θ is 1.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the tool diameter measurement value D is used v Calculating the tool diameter detection value D of the tool 5 by a calibration formula d The method comprises the following steps:
measuring the diameter of the tool D v Carry over into calibration formula D r ＝f(D m ) Let D m ＝D v D obtained by r As a tool diameter detection value D d I.e. D d ＝f(D v )。
Further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,in order to prevent the error of the calibration formula from influencing the tool diameter detection value D d In this embodiment, after obtaining the calibration formula, the method for detecting the tool diameter further includes:
selecting a known tool diameter actual value D r The cutter 5;
the tool diameter of the tool 5 is measured to obtain a tool diameter measurement value D v ；
Measuring the diameter D of the tool 5 v Carry into calibration equation D r ＝f(D m ) Let D m ＝D v Obtaining a tool diameter detection value D d ；
If D is r -r≤D d ≤D r + r, the correct calibration formula is determined, otherwise the tool diameter measurement D of the tool 5 is used v And the actual value D of the diameter of the tool r And adjusting an optimized calibration formula, wherein r is a preset tolerance. Specifically, r may be set by the inspector.
Through the operation, the calibration formula is checked before actual detection, and finally obtained tool diameter detection value D is confirmed d And the actual value D of the diameter of the tool r The difference of (a) is within a reasonable range.
Of course, in other embodiments, the actual value D of the tool diameter of the new tool can be continuously supplemented r And the measured value D of the diameter of the tool v To optimize the adjustment of the calibration formula.
Illustratively, when the tool diameter detection method provided by the present embodiment is adopted to detect the tool diameter of the milling cutter in the tool diameter detection system in the first embodiment, the method includes the following steps:
s01, configuring a configuration unit of the motion module 1;
s02, obtaining a calibration formula, wherein the calibration formula is D r ＝f(D m )；
S03, measuring the tool diameter of the tool 5 to obtain a tool diameter measured value D v ；
S04, measuring the diameter of the cutter D v Carry over into calibration formula D r ＝f(D m ) Let D m ＝D v And calculating to obtain a tool diameter detection value D of the tool 5 d ＝f(D v )；
S05, repeating the steps S03 and S04 for several times, measuring the tool diameter of the tool 5 for several times, and obtaining several tool diameter detection values D d (ii) a Removing a plurality of tool diameter detection values D d The maximum value and the minimum value in the above-mentioned data, and then the average value of the remaining data is obtained, and the average value is used as the tool diameter detection value D of the tool 5 d 。
In this embodiment, when the tool diameter is detected for the first time, step S01 to step S05 are executed. After the primary detection is finished, storing a calibration formula in the calibration module 4; when the detection is performed, the calibration formula is directly called from the calibration module 4, and then the steps S03 to S05 are performed.
Specifically, in step S01, the following parameters need to be configured:
detecting coordinates of a starting point: the coordinate position of the main shaft when the detection is started;
detecting an end point coordinate: the coordinate position where the main shaft moves at most during detection is used for preventing the main shaft from impacting a sensor to cause damage;
z-axis test height: measuring the position of the main shaft in the Z-axis direction when measuring the cutter diameter;
z-axis lifting height: measuring the height of the lifted milling cutter after cutting;
maximum error allowed: when the error between the measured cutter diameter and the preset cutter diameter exceeds the allowable maximum error in the machining process, the machine alarms;
detecting speed: and the moving speed and the rotating speed of the milling cutter are detected during the cutter diameter detection.
Specifically, in step S02, the following operations are included:
s021, calculating the actual value D of a known tool diameter r The milling cutter is arranged on the motion module 1, and the main shaft is started to enable the main shaft to reach a set rotating speed; moving the spindle to the coordinate of the detection starting point, moving the Z axis of the spindle to the height of the detection starting point, and initializing the milling cutter in place at the moment; the motion module 1 controls the milling cutter to start moving from a detection starting point to a detection end point at a constant speed along a preset path at a preset moving speed; the milling cutter passes through the photoelectric sensor to emit light rays, when the light rays are blocked by the milling cutter, the signal of the photoelectric sensor changes, and the coordinate (x) of the cutter at the moment is recorded 1 ，y 1 ) (ii) a When the milling cutter leaves the opposite ray, the coordinate (x) of the cutter at the moment is recorded 2 ，y 2 ) (ii) a Calculating to obtain the initial measured value D of the diameter of the cutter p (ii) a Controlling the Z axis to move to a Z axis lifting height; ending the motion process;
it should be noted that, in step S021, the moving module 1 moves in the same horizontal plane when the detection operation is performed; namely, the z coordinate of the tool 5 is unchanged at the detection starting point and the detection end point;
s022, repeatedly executing the step S021 for a plurality of times to obtain a plurality of initial measured values D of the tool diameter p ；
S023, a tool diameter initial measurement value D of each tool 5 p Screening, eliminating the maximum value and the minimum value, and measuring the rest cutter diameter p The average value is calculated to obtain the measured value D of the tool diameter m ；
S024, calculating the actual diameter D of the cutter 5 r Measured value of sum diameter D m Matching into a group to obtain a tool diameter relation array (D) of the tool 5 r ，D m )；
S025, replacing cutters with different diameters, and repeatedly executing the steps S021 to S024 to obtain a plurality of cutter diameter relation arrays (D) r ，D m )；
A plurality of tool diameter relation arrays (D) of the plurality of tools 5 r ，D m ) Performing curve fitting to obtain a functional relation D r ＝f(D m ) All tool diameter relation arrays (D) r ，D m ) Actual diameter D of the cutting edge r And the measured value D of the diameter of the tool m All satisfy the functional relation D r ＝f(D m ) Functional relation D r ＝f(D m ) I.e. the calibration equation.
Specifically, step S03 includes:
s031, measure the diameter of the cutter 5 many times, in order to obtain the initial value D of the diameter of the cutter every time p ：
Setting a moving path, a moving speed and a rotating speed of the cutter 5 through a configuration unit of the motion module 1;
the moving unit of the moving module 1 controls the cutter 5 to rotate at a set rotating speed and move at a set moving speed according to a moving path; preferably, the moving path, the moving speed and the rotating speed at this time are consistent with the motion parameters configured in step S02;
when the cutter 5 reaches the detection reference line, the detection module 2 generates a first signal, and when the cutter 5 leaves the detection reference line, the detection module 2 generates a second signal; the tracking unit of the motion module 1 sends the actual coordinates of the tool 5 when the first signal is generated and the actual coordinates of the tool 5 when the second signal is generated to the calculation module 3; the calculation module 3 extracts the coordinates (x) of the positions of the tool 5 respectively when the first signal and the second signal are generated 1 ，y 1 ) And (x) 2 ，y 2 ) Extracting an included angle theta between a moving path of the cutter 5 and the detection datum line during the period from the generation of the first signal to the generation of the second signal, and calculating to obtain a cutter diameter initial measurement value D p ：
S032, initial measurement value of tool setting diameter D p Screening, eliminating the maximum value and the minimum value, and measuring the rest cutter diameter p Obtaining a tool diameter measurement value D after averaging v (ii) a The calculation module 3 outputs the measured value D of the tool diameter v 。
Specifically, step S04 includes the steps of:
measuring the diameter of the tool D v Carry over into calibration formula D r ＝f(D m ) Let D m ＝D v D obtained by r Is a tool diameter detection value D d I.e. D d ＝f(D v ). In particular, D is output by the calibration module 4 d 。
The cutter diameter detection method provided by the embodiment has the advantages of simple calculation mode, accurate result, timely response and capability of meeting the requirement of accurate detection of the cutter diameter on the basis of reducing the cost, and avoiding result errors caused by deflection.
Example four
The present embodiment provides a machining apparatus, which includes the tool diameter detecting system in the first embodiment.
Referring to fig. 8, in particular, in the present embodiment, the processing device is a PCB board separator.
Specifically, the PCB board separator further comprises a base 10, a frame 101 is arranged on the base 10, a moving module 1 of the tool diameter detection system is mounted on the frame 101, a tool 5 is mounted on the moving module 1 through a main shaft 102, and the moving module 1 drives the main shaft 102 to move, so as to drive the tool 5 to move. The spindle 102 holds the tool 5 and can rotate the tool 5 for machining. The detection module 2 of the cutter diameter detection system is arranged on the machine base 10.
Further, the PCB board separator also comprises an operation interface, and the parameter configuration of the motion module 1 can be completed on the operation interface, and the detection result is displayed.
Of course, in other embodiments, the processing device may be a drilling machine or a milling machine, etc., without limitation.
EXAMPLE five
The present embodiment provides a computer storage medium on which a computer program is stored, the computer program, when executed by a processor, implementing the tool diameter detection method in the second embodiment or the third embodiment.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and features of this invention, which is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but rather is susceptible to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (13)
1. A tool diameter detection system, comprising:
the motion module (1), the said motion module (1) is used for installing the cutting tool (5) and driving the said cutting tool (5) to move;
the detection module (2) is used for generating a first signal when the cutter (5) moves to a detection reference line of the detection module (2) and generating a second signal when the cutter (5) leaves the detection reference line;
a computing module (3), the motion module (1) and the detection module (2) being in communication with the computing module (3) respectivelyThe motion module (1) sends motion information to the calculation module (3), the detection module (2) sends the first signal and the second signal to the calculation module (3), and the calculation module (3) is used for obtaining a cutter diameter measurement value D of the cutter (5) according to the motion information, the first signal and the second signal v ；
The calibration module (4), a calibration formula is stored in the calibration module (4), and the calibration module (4) is used for measuring the tool diameter measured value D of the tool (5) according to the calibration formula v Calibrating to output a tool diameter detection value D d 。
2. The tool path detection system according to claim 1, wherein the motion module (1) comprises:
the configuration unit is used for setting motion parameters of the cutter (5), and the motion parameters comprise a moving path, a moving speed and a rotating speed;
the action unit is used for driving the cutter (5) to move according to the motion parameters set by the configuration unit;
the tracking unit is used for monitoring the actual coordinate of the cutter (5) in real time and sending the monitored actual coordinate to the computing module (3).
3. The tool path detection system according to claim 1, wherein the detection module (2) comprises a photoelectric sensor, and the motion module (1) is configured to drive the tool (5) to pass between an emitting end (6) and a receiving end (7) of the photoelectric sensor, so that the photoelectric sensor generates the first signal and the second signal.
4. A tool diameter detection method, characterized in that the tool diameter of a tool (5) is detected by using the tool diameter detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the tool diameter detection method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a calibration formula;
measuring the tool diameter of the tool (5) to obtain a tool diameter measurement value D v ；
Using said tool diameter measurement D v And the tool diameter detection value D of the tool (5) is obtained by calculation with the calibration formula d 。
5. The tool diameter detection method of claim 4, wherein the method of obtaining a calibration formula comprises:
obtaining actual values D of the diameters of a plurality of the cutters (5) r A plurality of said actual values of diameter D r Are not identical;
measuring the diameters of a plurality of cutters (5) to obtain a plurality of measured diameters D m ；
Using said actual value D of the diameter of the tool r And the measured value D of the tool diameter m Obtaining the actual value D of the diameter of the cutter r With respect to the measured value D of the tool diameter m Functional relationship D of r ＝f(D m ) And the functional relation is the calibration formula.
6. The tool diameter detection method according to claim 5, wherein the tool diameter of the tool (5) is measured to obtain a measured tool diameter value D m The method comprises the following steps:
measuring the diameter of each cutter (5) for multiple times to obtain the initial measured value D of the diameter of each cutter p ；
For each of the tool diameters p Screening, eliminating the maximum value and the minimum value, and measuring the rest cutter diameter initial measured value D p Obtaining the measured value D of the tool diameter of the tool (5) after averaging m 。
7. The tool path detection method of claim 5, wherein the functional relationship D is obtained r ＝f(D m ) The method comprises the following steps:
the actual diameter D of each cutter (5) is calculated r And the measured value D of the tool diameter m Matched into a group to obtain a tool diameter relation array (D) of each tool (5) r ，D m )；
The tool diameter relation array (D) of a plurality of the tools (5) r ，D m ) Performing curve fitting to obtain the functional relation D r ＝f(D m ) All the tool diameter relation arrays (D) r ，D m ) The actual value D of the tool diameter r And the measured value D of the tool diameter m All satisfy the functional relationship D r ＝f(D m )。
8. The tool diameter detection method according to claim 4, wherein the tool diameter of the tool (5) is measured to obtain the tool diameter measurement value D v The method comprises the following steps:
measuring the diameter of the cutter (5) for multiple times to obtain the initial measured value D of the diameter of the cutter each time p ；
The initial value D of the tool diameter for each tool (5) p Screening, eliminating the maximum value and the minimum value, and measuring the rest cutter diameter initial measured value D p Obtaining the tool diameter measured value D after averaging v 。
9. The tool diameter detection method according to claim 6 or 8, wherein the tool diameter initial measurement value D is p The acquisition comprises the following steps:
setting motion parameters of the cutter (5), wherein the motion parameters comprise a moving path, a moving speed and a rotating speed;
controlling the cutter (5) to rotate at a set rotating speed and move at a set moving speed according to a moving path;
generating a first signal when the tool (5) reaches a detection reference line, and generating a second signal when the tool (5) leaves the detection reference line;
extracting coordinates (x) of the positions of the tool (5) at which the first signal and the second signal are generated, respectively 1 ，y 1 ) And (x) 2 ，y 2 ) Extracting an included angle theta between the moving path of the cutter (5) and the detection datum line during the period from the generation of the first signal to the generation of the second signal, and calculating to obtain an initial measured value D of the cutter diameter p ：
10. The tool diameter detection method according to claim 5, wherein the tool diameter measurement value D is used v And the tool diameter detection value D of the tool (5) is obtained by calculation with the calibration formula d The method comprises the following steps:
measuring the diameter of the tool D v Substituting into the calibration formula D r ＝f(D m ) Let D m ＝D v D obtained by r As a tool diameter detection value D d I.e. D d ＝f(D v )。
11. The tool diameter detection method of claim 5, wherein after obtaining the calibration formula, the tool diameter detection method further comprises:
selecting a known tool diameter actual value D r A cutter (5);
measuring the tool diameter of the tool (5) to obtain a tool diameter measurement D v ；
Measuring the tool diameter D of the tool (5) v Substituting into the calibration formula D r ＝f(D m ) Let D m ＝D v Obtaining a tool diameter detection value D d ；
If D is r -r≤D d ≤D r + r, the calibration formula is judged to be correct, otherwise the tool diameter measured value D of the tool (5) is used v And the actual value D of the diameter of the tool r And adjusting and optimizing the calibration formula, wherein r is a preset tolerance.
12. A machining apparatus comprising a tool diameter detection system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.
13. A computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the tool path detection method of any of claims 4-11.
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