CN115044861A - Micro-carbonitriding process for precision fastener of medium carbon alloy steel - Google Patents
Micro-carbonitriding process for precision fastener of medium carbon alloy steel Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000013527 degreasing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005237 degreasing agent Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006032 tissue transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/80—After-treatment
Abstract
The application discloses a micro-carbonitriding process for a precision fastener of medium carbon alloy steel, which belongs to the technical field of metal treatment, wherein in the carbonitriding process, the temperature, the carbon concentration, the ammonia gas flow and the time are reasonably controlled, so that the precision fastener is ensured not to be broken on the premise of ensuring higher mechanical property, the cost is reduced, and the time is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of metal treatment, in particular to a micro-carbonitriding process for a medium-carbon alloy steel precision fastener.
Background
With the rapid development of the fastener industry and the increasingly fierce market competition, and the continuous improvement of the requirements of customers on the fastener product quality such as light weight, environmental protection, long service life and the like, the treatment process needs to be continuously adapted to the market requirements and continuously develops.
Carbonitriding is a chemical heat treatment process in which nitrogen is simultaneously infiltrated while carburizing is the main process. It overcomes the defects that the hardness of a nitriding layer is high but the nitriding layer is shallow, and the hardening depth of a carburizing layer is large but the surface hardness is low to a certain extent.
In the prior art, the Vickers hardness testing core part 430 comprises 490HV and the tooth part 550HV according to the traditional carburizing technology with the temperature of 900 minus 930 ℃ and the carbon concentration of 1.0-1.6% for more than 1H. The traditional process easily causes the situation that the minor outer diameter of the precision fastener is too deep in the carburized layer of M0.8mm-M1.2mm, the brittleness of the surface of the precision fastener is increased, the plastic deformation condition of the material is reduced, the fracture phenomenon can occur in the use process of the medium carbon alloy steel precision fastener, the tooth tissue is uneven after the tooth part is extruded by the thread rolling, and the tissue transformation time is also different and is not easy to control in the heat treatment carburization process.
Therefore, the technology capable of avoiding the fracture of the medium carbon alloy steel precision fastener under the condition that the smaller outer diameter is M0.8mm-M1.2mm is needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and deficiencies in the prior art, the embodiment of the application provides a micro carbon nitrogen co-cementation process for a medium carbon alloy steel precision fastener, and the occurrence of the breakage phenomenon of the precision fastener is effectively avoided by reasonably controlling the temperature, the carbon concentration, the ammonia gas flow and the time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a micro-carbonitriding process for a medium-carbon alloy steel precision fastener comprises the following steps:
step 1): putting the fastener material into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing to generate a fastener material to be subjected to carbonitriding;
step 2): mixing liquefied petroleum gas and air, introducing the mixture into a furnace for catalytic decomposition to generate a mixed gas formed by mixing and decomposing the liquefied petroleum gas and the air;
step 3): introducing mixed gas generated by mixing and decomposing the liquefied petroleum gas and the air in the step 2) into a quenching furnace with a preset temperature to contact with the fastener material to be subjected to carbonitriding in the step 1), and introducing ammonia gas in the process to obtain the quenched carbonitriding fastener material subjected to carbonitriding treatment;
step 4): putting the quenched carbonitrided fastener material obtained in the step 3) into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing to obtain a finished carbonitrided fastener;
wherein, in the step 3), carbon and nitrogen are blendedThe carbon concentration in the infiltration treatment is 0.45-0.5%, and ammonia gas is introduced into the infiltration treatment for 0.2-0.25m 3 H; the carbonitriding time is 23-27 min.
Further, the predetermined temperature in the quenching furnace in the step 3) is set to be between 880 and 890 ℃.
Further, in the step 1), the fastener material is placed into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing, and the fastener material to be carbonitrided is generated, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
putting the fastener material into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing to generate a degreased fastener material;
putting the degreased fastener material into cleaning equipment, adding water for cleaning to remove surface degreasing residues, carrying out net pulling frequency for 30 minutes/time, and carrying out water cleaning again to obtain a cleaned fastener material;
placing the cleaned fastener material in a dehydrating machine for dehydrating to obtain a dried fastener material;
and spreading the dried fastener material on a mesh belt to obtain the fastener material to be subjected to carbonitriding.
Further, in the step 2), the liquefied petroleum gas and the air are mixed and introduced into the converter to be decomposed by the catalyst, so as to generate a mixed gas obtained by mixing and decomposing the liquefied petroleum gas and the air, and the temperature in the converter is 1030 ℃.
Further, the catalyst for catalyst decomposition is a nickel catalyst;
the nickel catalyst is a two-stage conversion catalyst which takes nickel as an active component and alumina as a main carrier.
Further, in the step 3), introducing the mixed gas obtained by mixing and decomposing the liquefied petroleum gas and the air generated in the step 2) into a quenching furnace with a predetermined temperature to contact with the fastener material to be carbonitrided in the step 1), and introducing ammonia gas in the process to obtain the quenched carbonitrided fastener material subjected to carbonitriding treatment, the method further includes:
and carrying out oil bath cooling on the carbonitrided fastener material subjected to carbonitriding treatment and obtained after quenching.
Further, in the step 4), putting the quenched carbonitrided fastener material obtained in the step 3) into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing to obtain a finished carbonitrided fastener product, which specifically comprises:
putting the quenched carbonitrided fastener material obtained in the step 3) into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing to obtain a degreased fastener material;
putting the degreased fastener material into cleaning equipment, adding water for cleaning to remove surface degreasing residues, carrying out net pulling frequency for 30 minutes/time, and carrying out water cleaning again to obtain a clean carbonitriding fastener material;
putting the obtained clean carbonitriding fastener material into a dehydrator, dehydrating and heating to obtain a dehydrated fastener;
and placing the dehydrated fastener into a baking tray for tempering treatment to obtain a finished product of the carbonitriding fastener.
Further, the fastener after dehydration is placed in a baking tray for tempering treatment to obtain a finished product of the carbonitriding fastener, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the tempering temperature is between 415 ℃ and 420 ℃ and the time is 80-90 min.
Further, the temperature of the aqueous solution of the water-soluble degreasing agent for carrying out ultrasonic degreasing by putting the quenched carbonitriding fastener material obtained in the step 3) into the aqueous solution containing the water-soluble degreasing agent is set between 60 and 70 ℃.
Further, the carbonitriding time of the carbonitriding treatment in step 3) is 25 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) in the implementation process, the temperature, the carbon concentration, the flow of introduced ammonia gas and the time are reasonably controlled, so that the precision fastener is ensured not to be broken on the premise of ensuring the mechanical properties (the hardness and the breaking torque of carbonitriding steel), the cost is reduced, and the time is shortened;
2) the micro carbon nitrogen co-cementation process claimed by the invention mainly aims at the carbon nitrogen co-cementation treatment of a precision fastener with the outer diameter of M0.8mm-M1.2mm, the hardness of the tooth part of the surface of the fastener is controlled between 450 and 500HV, and the hardness of the core part is controlled between 370 and 450HV, but the presently disclosed more traditional carburization technologies require that the hardness of the tooth part of the surface of the fastener is above 550HV and the hardness of the core part is controlled between 430 and 490HV, and the hardness is easy to cause the breakage of the precision fastener with the outer diameter of M0.8mm-M1.2mm, thereby influencing the use.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1 micro-carbonitriding process for precision fastener of medium carbon alloy steel
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1): putting the fastener material into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent at 60 ℃ for ultrasonic degreasing for 10min, then putting the degreased fastener material into cleaning equipment, adding water for cleaning for 5min to remove surface degreasing residues, carrying out net pulling at the frequency of 30 min/time, and carrying out water cleaning again to obtain a cleaned fastener material;
step 2): placing the fastener material cleaned in the step 1) in a dehydrating machine for dehydrating for 5min to obtain a dry fastener material;
step 3): laying the fastener material cleaned in the step 2) on a mesh belt, wherein the laying thickness is 0.4cm, and obtaining the fastener material to be subjected to carbonitriding;
step 4): mixing liquefied petroleum gas 3m 3 H and air 20m 3 The mixed gas/H is introduced into the furnace, the temperature is controlled to be 1030 ℃, the mixed gas of CO, H2 and N2 is decomposed by a catalyst, the flow of the mixed gas of CO, H2 and N2 after the liquefied petroleum gas and the air are mixed and decomposed is controlled to be 16m 3 Introducing into a quenching furnace at 880 ℃ and contacting the fastener material to be carbonitrided obtained in step 3), introducing ammonia gas 0.25m 3 H, cooling the fastener material treated by the carbon concentration of 0.45% and the carbonitriding time of 23min in an oil bath at 90 ℃ to obtain the quenched carbonitriding fastener material;
step 5): putting the quenched fastener material obtained in the step 4) into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent at 60-70 ℃ for ultrasonic degreasing for 8-10min, then putting the degreased fastener material into cleaning equipment, adding water for cleaning for 8-10min to remove surface degreasing residues, carrying out net pulling frequency of 30 min/time, and washing again to obtain a clean carbonitriding fastener material;
step 6): putting the clean carbonitriding fastener material obtained in the step 5) into a dehydrator, dehydrating for 5min and heating to 80 ℃ to obtain a dehydrated fastener;
step 7): and (3) placing the dehydrated fastener into a baking tray for tempering treatment at the temperature of 415 ℃ for 80min to obtain a finished product of the carbonitriding fastener.
The catalyst in the step 4) is a nickel catalyst; the nickel catalyst is a two-stage conversion catalyst which takes nickel as an active component and alumina as a main carrier.
Example 2 micro-carbonitriding process for medium carbon alloy steel precision fastener
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1): putting the fastener material into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent at 70 ℃ for ultrasonic degreasing for 8min, then putting the degreased fastener material into cleaning equipment, adding water for cleaning for 3min to remove surface degreasing residues, carrying out net pulling at a frequency of 30 min/time, and washing again to obtain a cleaned fastener material;
step 2): placing the fastener material cleaned in the step 1) in a dehydrating machine for dehydrating for 5min to obtain a dry fastener material;
step 3): flatly laying the fastener material cleaned in the step 2) on a mesh belt, wherein the laying thickness is 0.8cm, and obtaining the fastener material to be subjected to carbonitriding;
step 4): mixing liquefied petroleum gas 3.5m 3 H and air 25m 3 The mixed gas/H is introduced into the furnace, the temperature is controlled to be 1030 ℃, the mixed gas of CO, H2 and N2 is decomposed by a catalyst, the flow of the mixed gas of CO, H2 and N2 after the liquefied petroleum gas and the air are mixed and decomposed is controlled to be 16m 3 Introducing into a quenching furnace with the temperature of 890 ℃ and contacting the fastener material to be carbonitrided obtained in the step 3), introducing ammonia gas 0.25m in the process 3 H, carbonCooling the fastener material treated by the concentration of 0.5% and the carbonitriding time of 27min in an oil bath at 100 ℃ to obtain the quenched carbonitrided fastener material;
step 5): putting the quenched fastener material obtained in the step 4) into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent at 70 ℃ for ultrasonic degreasing for 8min, then putting the degreased fastener material into a cleaning device, adding water for cleaning for 8min to remove surface degreasing residues, carrying out net pulling at a frequency of 30 min/time, and washing again to obtain a clean carbonitriding fastener material;
step 6): putting the clean carbonitriding fastener material obtained in the step 5) into a dehydrator, dehydrating for 5min and heating to 80 ℃ to obtain a dehydrated fastener;
step 7): and (3) placing the dehydrated fastener into a baking tray for tempering treatment at the temperature of 420 ℃ for 90min to obtain a finished product of the carbonitriding fastener.
The catalyst in the step 4) is a nickel catalyst; the nickel catalyst is a two-stage conversion catalyst which takes nickel as an active component and alumina as a main carrier.
Example 3 micro-carbonitriding process for precision fastener of medium carbon alloy steel
The method comprises the following steps:
step 1): putting the fastener material into a 65 ℃ water solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing for 9min, then putting the degreased fastener material into cleaning equipment, adding water for cleaning for 4min to remove surface degreasing residues, carrying out net pulling at the frequency of 30 min/time, and carrying out water cleaning again to obtain a cleaned fastener material;
step 2): placing the fastener material cleaned in the step 1) in a dehydrating machine for dehydrating for 5min to obtain a dry fastener material;
step 3): laying the fastener material cleaned in the step 2) on a mesh belt, wherein the laying thickness is 0.6cm, and obtaining the fastener material to be subjected to carbonitriding;
step 4): mixing liquefied petroleum gas 3.5m 3 H and air 25m 3 The mixed gas/H is introduced into the furnace, the temperature is controlled to be 1030 ℃, and the mixed gas of CO, H2 and N2 is decomposed by a catalystThe flow of the mixed gas of CO, H2 and N2 obtained by mixing and decomposing liquefied petroleum gas and air is controlled to be 16m 3 H, introducing the fastener material to be carbonitrided obtained in the step 3) into a quenching furnace at the temperature of 885 ℃, and introducing ammonia gas of 0.25m in the process 3 H, cooling the fastener material treated by the carbon concentration of 0.48% and the carbonitriding time of 25min in an oil bath at 95 ℃ to obtain the quenched carbonitrided fastener material;
step 5): putting the quenched fastener material obtained in the step 4) into a 65 ℃ water solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing for 9min, then putting the degreased fastener material into a cleaning device, adding water for cleaning for 9min to remove surface degreasing residues, carrying out net pulling at a frequency of 30 min/time, and washing again to obtain a clean carbonitriding fastener material;
step 6): putting the clean carbonitriding fastener material obtained in the step 5) into a dehydrator, dehydrating for 5min and heating to 75 ℃ to obtain a dehydrated fastener;
step 7): and (3) placing the dehydrated fastener into a baking tray for tempering treatment at 418 ℃ for 85min to obtain a finished product of the carbonitriding fastener.
The catalyst in the step 4) is a nickel catalyst; the nickel catalyst is a two-stage conversion catalyst which takes nickel as an active component and alumina as a main carrier.
Comparative example
Finished fasteners were prepared using methods conventional in the art and then tested for performance.
The specific operation method comprises the following steps:
step 1): putting the fastener material into a 65 ℃ water solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing for 9min, then putting the degreased fastener material into cleaning equipment, adding water for cleaning for 4min to remove surface degreasing residues, carrying out net pulling at the frequency of 30 min/time, and carrying out water cleaning again to obtain a cleaned fastener material;
step 2): placing the fastener material cleaned in the step 1) in a dehydrating machine for dehydrating for 5min to obtain a dry fastener material;
step 3): laying the fastener material cleaned in the step 2) on a mesh belt, wherein the laying thickness is 0.6cm, and obtaining the fastener material to be carburized;
step 4): mixing liquefied petroleum gas 3.5m 3 The temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 1030 ℃ after the introduction of the catalyst, the gas flow after the liquefied petroleum gas is decomposed is controlled to be 16m 3 Introducing into a quenching furnace at the temperature of 900 ℃ and contacting the fastener material to be subjected to carbonitriding obtained in the step 3), wherein the carbon concentration is 1.0%, the contact time is 25min, and the treated fastener material is cooled by an oil bath at the temperature of 95 ℃ to obtain a quenched carburized fastener material;
step 5): putting the quenched fastener material obtained in the step 4) into a 65 ℃ water solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing for 9min, then putting the degreased fastener material into a cleaning device, adding water for cleaning for 9min to remove surface degreasing residues, carrying out net pulling at a frequency of 30 min/time, and washing again to obtain a clean carburized fastener material;
step 6): putting the clean carburized fastener material obtained in the step 5) into a dehydrating machine, dehydrating for 5min and heating to 75 ℃ to obtain a dehydrated fastener;
step 7): and (3) placing the dehydrated fastener into a baking tray for tempering treatment at 418 ℃ for 85min to obtain a carburized fastener finished product.
The catalyst in the step 4) is a nickel catalyst; the nickel catalyst is a two-stage conversion catalyst which takes nickel as an active component and alumina as a main carrier.
Effect test
200 finished precision fasteners were prepared according to the methods disclosed in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples, and 50 finished precision fasteners were randomly selected for hardness and breaking torque tests, averaged, and the test results are shown in tables 1 and 2 below.
1. Hardness test
The detection method comprises the following steps: the test was carried out according to the method disclosed in ISO Standard 898-1:2009, the test results are given in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1 hardness test results for fasteners made in accordance with examples 1-3 and comparative examples
| Examples of the invention | Hardness of surface teeth | Core hardness |
| Example 1 | 479HV | 410HV |
| Example 2 | 480HV | 421HV |
| Example 3 | 483HV | 426HV |
| Comparative example 1 | 550HV | 460HV |
From the test data in table 1 above, it can be seen that using the microcarbonization process disclosed in the present invention, the method is used for preparing the finished product of the carbonitriding fastener, can control the surface tooth hardness of the precision fastener with the outer diameter of M0.8mm-M1.2mm to be between 479 and 484HV, and the core hardness to be between 407 and 429HV, can meet the use requirement, does not cause the situation that the precision fastener breaks, whereas the precise fastener obtained in the comparative example, in which the parameters in the process were changed out of the range claimed in the present invention, had a surface tooth hardness of 550HV, a core hardness of 460HV, the traditional process can easily cause the small outer diameter of the precision fastener to be over deep at the carburized layer of M0.8mm-M1.2mm, the brittleness of the surface of the precision fastener is increased, the plastic deformation condition of the material is reduced, the fracture phenomenon can appear in the use of the medium carbon alloy steel precision fastener, and the industry requirement can not be met.
2. Destructive torsion test
The detection method comprises the following steps: the measurements were carried out according to the method disclosed in ISO Standard 898-1:1992 and are shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2 destructive torque results for fasteners made with 1-3 and comparative examples
| Examples of the invention | Breaking torsion |
| Example 1 | 1.22kgf.cm |
| Example 2 | 1.24kgf.cm |
| Example 3 | 1.28kgf.cm |
| Comparative example | 1.08kgf.cm |
According to the detection data in the table 2, the micro-carbonitriding process provided by the invention can be used for preparing finished products of carbonitriding fasteners, the breaking torsion of precision fasteners with the outer diameter of M0.8mm-M1.2mm can be increased to 1.22kgf.cm, the breakage phenomenon can not occur, the use requirement can be completely met, the breaking torsion of precision fasteners obtained by changing the parameters in the process in the comparative example without the protection range required by the invention can only reach 1.08kgf.cm, and is obviously lower than that of the precision fasteners, and the obtained products can not meet the industrial requirements.
However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all the modifications and equivalents of the claims and the specification. In addition, the abstract and the title are provided to assist the patent document searching and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A micro-carbonitriding process for a medium carbon alloy steel precision fastener is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1): putting the fastener material into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing to generate a fastener material to be subjected to carbonitriding;
step 2): mixing the liquefied petroleum gas and air, introducing the mixture into a furnace to carry out catalytic decomposition to generate a mixed gas formed by mixing and decomposing the liquefied petroleum gas and the air;
step 3): introducing mixed gas generated by mixing and decomposing the liquefied petroleum gas and the air in the step 2) into a quenching furnace with a preset temperature to contact with the fastener material to be subjected to carbonitriding in the step 1), and introducing ammonia gas in the process to obtain the quenched carbonitriding fastener material subjected to carbonitriding treatment;
step 4): putting the quenched carbonitrided fastener material obtained in the step 3) into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing to obtain a finished carbonitrided fastener;
wherein the carbon concentration in the carbonitriding treatment in the step 3) is 0.45-0.5%, and ammonia gas is introduced at a concentration of 0.2-0.25m 3 H; the carbonitriding time is 23-27 min.
2. The micro carbonitriding process for medium carbon alloy steel precision fasteners as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the predetermined temperature in the quenching furnace in step 3) is set between 880-890 ℃.
3. The micro carbonitriding process for the medium carbon alloy steel precision fastener according to claim 1, wherein the step 1) of putting the fastener material into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing to generate the fastener material to be carbonitrided specifically comprises:
putting the fastener material into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing to generate a degreased fastener material;
putting the degreased fastener material into cleaning equipment, adding water for cleaning to remove surface degreasing residues, carrying out net pulling frequency for 30 minutes/time, and carrying out water cleaning again to obtain a cleaned fastener material;
placing the cleaned fastener material in a dehydrating machine for dehydrating to obtain a dried fastener material;
and spreading the dried fastener material on a mesh belt to obtain the fastener material to be subjected to carbonitriding.
4. The micro-carbonitriding process for medium carbon alloy steel precision fasteners as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in step 2), liquefied petroleum gas and air are mixed and introduced into a furnace to be decomposed by a catalyst, so as to generate a mixed gas after the liquefied petroleum gas and the air are mixed and decomposed, and the temperature in the furnace is 1030 ℃.
5. The micro-carbonitriding process for medium carbon alloy steel precision fasteners as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the catalyst for catalyst decomposition is nickel catalyst;
the nickel catalyst is a two-stage conversion catalyst which takes nickel as an active component and alumina as a main carrier.
6. The micro-carbonitriding process for medium carbon alloy steel precision fasteners according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 3), the mixed gas generated by mixing and decomposing the liquefied petroleum gas generated in step 2) and air is introduced into a quenching furnace with a predetermined temperature to contact with the fastener material to be carbonitrided in step 1), and ammonia gas is introduced in the process to obtain the quenched carbonitrided fastener material subjected to carbonitriding treatment, further comprising:
and carrying out oil bath cooling on the carbonitrided fastener material subjected to carbonitriding treatment and obtained after quenching.
7. The micro carbonitriding process for medium carbon alloy steel precision fasteners according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 4), the carbonitriding fastener material obtained after quenching in step 3) is put into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing to obtain a finished carbonitriding fastener product, which specifically comprises:
putting the quenched carbonitrided fastener material obtained in the step 3) into an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing to obtain a degreased fastener material;
putting the degreased fastener material into cleaning equipment, adding water for cleaning to remove surface degreasing residues, carrying out net pulling frequency for 30 minutes/time, and carrying out water cleaning again to obtain a clean carbonitriding fastener material;
putting the obtained clean carbonitriding fastener material into a dehydrator, dehydrating and heating to obtain a dehydrated fastener;
and placing the dehydrated fastener into a baking tray for tempering treatment to obtain a finished product of the carbonitriding fastener.
8. The medium carbon alloy steel precision fastener microcarbon-nitrocarburizing process according to claim 7, wherein the step of placing the dehydrated fastener into a baking tray for tempering treatment to obtain a finished carbonitriding fastener product specifically comprises the following steps:
the tempering temperature is between 415 ℃ and 420 ℃ and the time is 80-90 min.
9. The micro-carbonitriding process for the medium-carbon alloy steel precision fastener according to claim 7, characterized in that the temperature of the aqueous solution of the water-soluble degreasing agent for ultrasonic degreasing by putting the quenched carbonitriding fastener material obtained in step 3) into the aqueous solution containing the water-soluble degreasing agent is set between 60 ℃ and 70 ℃.
10. The micro carbonitriding process for the medium carbon alloy steel precision fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that the carbonitriding time of the carbonitriding treatment in step 3) is 25 min.
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