CN115039641A - Tubular vertical cultivation device and cultivation method for oyster mushrooms - Google Patents

Abstract

The tubular vertical cultivation device for oyster mushrooms comprises a bottom plate, cultivation tubes are arranged above the bottom plate, cultivation holes are formed in the outer side array of the cultivation tubes, a first sleeve is rotatably connected to the top of the bottom plate, the cultivation tubes are located in the first sleeve, a second sleeve is rotatably connected to the top of the bottom plate, the first sleeve is located in the second sleeve, the top of the second sleeve is lower than the top of the first sleeve, and a second bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the second sleeve, and the tubular vertical cultivation device has the beneficial effects that: the automatic cleaning device is simple in structure and easy and convenient to operate, the tubular container is used for punching, the traditional fungus bag is replaced, hypha attached to and remained on the hole wall of the tubular container can be automatically cleaned, the next cultivation is not affected, only culture materials need to be replaced in each cultivation, complex operations such as fungus bag replacement, punching and the like in the traditional mode are not needed, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Tubular vertical cultivation device and cultivation method for oyster mushrooms

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of edible mushroom cultivation, in particular to a tubular vertical cultivation device and a cultivation method for oyster mushrooms.

Background

At present, most of oyster mushroom cultivation is ground cultivation, layer frame cultivation, bag cultivation or container cultivation, the occupied area of the oyster mushroom cultivation on the ground is large, and the layer frame type cultivation facilities are expensive. The bag cultivation usually adopts disposable bag cultivation, the disposable bag needs to be replaced after the cultivation is finished every time, the operation is complicated, the resource is wasted and the environment is polluted, the requirements of the current country on environmental protection and sustainable development are higher and higher, a container which occupies a small area and can be reused and a cultivation mode which is more suitable for the mechanized operation of oyster mushroom are needed, the oyster mushroom is cultivated by utilizing a tubular container with holes punched in advance, hypha and mushroom dregs attached to the hole wall can be automatically cleaned after the cultivation is finished, the reuse can be facilitated, although a method for cultivating edible mushrooms by utilizing the tubular container in the prior art is adopted as CN200910139150.X, the method is characterized in that the tubular container is used as a mold to enable the mushroom bags to be quickly formed essentially, and the method is not fundamentally different from the traditional mushroom bag cultivation mode.

Disclosure of Invention

The tubular vertical cultivation device for the oyster mushrooms is used for punching holes in the tubular container, replaces the traditional mushroom bags, can automatically clean hyphae attached to and remained on the hole walls of the tubular container, does not affect the next cultivation, only needs to replace compost in each cultivation, does not need to replace the mushroom bags, punch holes and other tedious operations in the traditional mode, and greatly improves the production efficiency.

The invention adopts the technical scheme for solving the technical problems that: the tubular vertical cultivation device for the oyster mushrooms comprises a bottom plate, cultivation tubes are arranged above the bottom plate, cultivation holes are formed in the outer side array of the cultivation tubes, a first sleeve is rotatably connected to the top of the bottom plate, the cultivation tubes are located in the first sleeve, a second sleeve is rotatably connected to the top of the bottom plate, the first sleeve is located in the second sleeve, the top of the second sleeve is lower than the top of the first sleeve, a second bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the second sleeve, a first bevel gear located above the second sleeve is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the first sleeve, a second support plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the right end of the bottom plate, a first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second support plate, a third bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft, a first common gear located between the third bevel gear and the second support plate is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second supporting plate, a fourth bevel gear meshed with the second bevel gear is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft, a second common gear located between the fourth bevel gear and the second supporting plate is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the second rotating shaft, a third rotating shaft located between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft for quality inspection is rotatably connected to the second supporting plate, and tooth-missing gears meshed with the first common gear and the second common gear in turn are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the third rotating shaft. This structure can drive first sleeve of intermittent type nature rotatory for clean pole can clean every cultivation hole, thereby the different cultivation holes of different distribution density on the adaptation cultivation pipe.

For further improvement, the left end and the right end of the bottom plate are fixedly provided with first supporting plates.

For further perfection, cultivation socle bottom is equipped with the support base, support base bottom rotation be connected with pass the bottom plate and rather than threaded connection's screw rod, cultivation socle bottom array fixed mounting has the guide bar that passes support base and bottom plate and rather than sliding connection. The structure can drive the cultivation pipe to lift, so that the cleaning rod can clean cultivation holes in different positions.

For further perfection, it is connected with the third sleeve that is located between first sleeve and the second sleeve to rotate on the bottom plate, sliding connection has the kelly on the third sleeve, first sleeve outside array sliding connection has the locating hole that can stretch into by kelly one end, kelly other end fixed mounting has the push pedal, push pedal and third sleeve outside fixed mounting have first spring. This structure can make first sleeve can't rotate temporarily, and then makes the protruding piece can promote the depression bar.

For further perfection, first sleeve outside symmetry fixed mounting has a clean section of thick bamboo, clean section of thick bamboo inner wall sliding connection has the regulating plate, clean section of thick bamboo inner wall sliding connection has the clamp plate that is located the regulating plate left side, fixed mounting has the second spring between clamp plate and the regulating plate, clamp plate left end fixed mounting supports the depression bar that supports second sleeve inner wall after passing clean section of thick bamboo left end, clean section of thick bamboo right-hand member is equipped with the opening, it can support the clean pole of planting the pipe outside to rotate to be connected with after passing the opening on the regulating plate, regulating plate and clean section of thick bamboo right-hand member inner wall fixed mounting have the third spring, clean pole is located the inside part outside of clean section of thick bamboo and is equipped with the helicla flute, the opening inner wall is equipped with and stretches into inside and can drive the rotatory guide post of clean pole through the helicla flute. This structure can make the clean pole produce rotatoryly at the in-process self that stretches into the cultivation hole, and then make the brush hair rotatory, cleans the inner wall in cultivation hole more easily.

For further improvement, the outer array of the cleaning rods is provided with bristles outside the cleaning cylinder.

For further improvement, the inner wall of the second sleeve is provided with a convex block which can push the pressure rod to move.

A method for cultivating oyster mushroom according to the claim, comprising the following steps:

firstly, fermentation: fermenting the culture materials for a period of time, and turning and piling the culture materials for a period of time;

II, sterilizing: after fermentation, putting the compost into a plastic bag for sealing, heating to the temperature through water bath, and keeping for hours;

thirdly, mixed planting: opening the plastic bag, and uniformly mixing the strains;

fourthly, tube loading: wrapping preservative films on the outer sides of the cultivation tubes, temporarily sealing the cultivation holes to reduce the water evaporation amount and prevent the filled culture materials from leaking out of the cultivation holes, pouring the culture materials from the tops of the cultivation tubes, and properly shaking to fully fill the cultivation tubes with the culture materials;

fifthly, cultivation management: keeping the room temperature at-centigrade and controlling the air humidity at about-%;

sixthly, fruiting management: removing the preservative film after the mushroom buds are formed, adjusting the room temperature to be within-centigrade, and adjusting the air humidity to be within% >;

seventhly, mushroom picking: cutting off the grown mushrooms from the outer side of the cultivation tube and collecting the mushrooms;

eighth, mushroom residue cleaning: the cultivation tube is arranged on a supporting base through a guide rod and then drives a third rotating shaft to rotate, the tooth-lacking gear can drive a first common gear and a second common gear to rotate in sequence, the first common gear drives a third bevel gear to rotate, the second common gear drives a fourth bevel gear to rotate, the third bevel gear drives the first bevel gear to rotate, the fourth bevel gear drives a second bevel gear to rotate, the first bevel gear drives a first sleeve to rotate, the second bevel gear drives a second sleeve to rotate, the first sleeve rotates to drive a cleaning barrel to rotate, so that the cleaning rod and bristles are aligned with a cultivation hole, then the second sleeve rotates to rotate, a convex block rotates, a push pressure rod moves, the pressure rod pushes a pressure plate to move, the pressure plate pushes an adjusting plate to move through a second spring, the adjusting plate pushes the cleaning rod to extend into the cultivation hole, the cleaning rod is driven to rotate by the guide rod through a spiral groove when the cleaning rod moves, thereby driving the brush hair to rotate and enter the cultivation hole and cleaning the mushroom dregs attached to the hole wall of the cultivation hole. First telescopic rotation can make clean pole and brush hair clean the clearance to the cultivation hole of planting the outside of managing in turn to can also adjust the lift of planting the pipe through rotating the screw rod, thereby clean the cultivation hole of the different high positions of cultivation outside of tubes side.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the automatic cleaning device is simple in structure and easy and convenient to operate, the tubular container is used for punching, the traditional fungus bag is replaced, hypha attached to and remained on the hole wall of the tubular container can be automatically cleaned, the next cultivation is not affected, only culture materials need to be replaced in each cultivation, complex operations such as fungus bag replacement, punching and the like in the traditional mode are not needed, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view A of a portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a bump according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first common gear, a second common gear and a gear with missing teeth in the invention.

Description of reference numerals: the device comprises a bottom plate 1, a first supporting plate 2, a second sleeve 3, a push plate 4, a first spring 5, a third sleeve 6, a screw 7, a second bevel gear 8, a second supporting plate 9, a fourth bevel gear 10, a second common gear 11, a tooth-missing gear 12, a second rotating shaft 13, a third rotating shaft 14, a first rotating shaft 15, a first common gear 16, a third bevel gear 17, a cultivation pipe 18, a cultivation hole 19, a first sleeve 20, a first bevel gear 21, a supporting base 22, a guide rod 23, a bulge block 24, a clamping rod 25, a cleaning cylinder 26, a pressing rod 27, a positioning hole 28, a third spring 29, a pressing plate 30, a second spring 31, an adjusting plate 32, a cleaning rod 33, a guide column 34, a spiral groove 35, bristles 36 and an opening 37.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

referring to the attached figures 1 to 5: the tubular vertical cultivation device for oyster mushrooms in the embodiment comprises a bottom plate 1, and is characterized in that: the cultivation device is characterized in that a cultivation pipe 18 is arranged above the bottom plate 1, cultivation holes 19 are arranged on the outer side of the cultivation pipe 18 in an array mode, a first sleeve 20 is connected to the top of the bottom plate 1 in a rotating mode, the cultivation pipe 18 is located in the first sleeve 20, a second sleeve 3 is connected to the top of the bottom plate 1 in a rotating mode, the first sleeve 20 is located in the second sleeve 3, the top of the second sleeve 3 is lower than the top of the first sleeve 20, a second bevel gear 8 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the second sleeve 3, a first bevel gear 21 located above the second sleeve 3 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the first sleeve 20, a second supporting plate 9 is fixedly installed on the top of the right end of the bottom plate 1, a first rotating shaft 15 is connected to the second supporting plate 9 in a rotating mode, a third bevel gear 17 meshed with the first bevel gear 21 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 15, a first common gear 16 located between the third bevel gear 17 and the second supporting plate 9 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the first rotating shaft 15, the second supporting plate 9 is connected with a second rotating shaft 13 in a rotating mode, the second rotating shaft 13 is connected with a fourth bevel gear 10 meshed with the second bevel gear 8 in a rotating mode, a second common gear 11 located between the fourth bevel gear 10 and the second supporting plate 9 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the second rotating shaft 13, a third rotating shaft 14 located between the first rotating shaft 15 and the second rotating shaft 13 in a rotating mode is connected to the second supporting plate 9 in a rotating mode, and a tooth-missing gear 12 capable of being meshed with the first common gear 16 and the second common gear 11 in turn is fixedly installed on the outer side of the third rotating shaft 14. Both ends fixed mounting has first backup pad 2 about bottom plate 1 bottom. The cultivation tube 18 bottom is equipped with supports base 22, support base 22 bottom rotation be connected with pass bottom plate 1 and rather than threaded connection's screw rod 7, cultivation tube 18 bottom array fixed mounting have pass support base 22 and bottom plate 1 and rather than sliding connection's guide bar 23. The last rotation of bottom plate 1 is connected with third sleeve 6 that is located between first sleeve 20 and the second sleeve 3, sliding connection has kelly 25 on the third sleeve 6, first sleeve 20 outside array sliding connection has the locating hole 28 that can be stretched into by kelly 25 one end, kelly 20 other end fixed mounting has push pedal 4, push pedal 4 and the 6 outside fixed mounting of third sleeve have first spring 5. The outer side of the first sleeve 20 is symmetrically and fixedly provided with a cleaning cylinder 26, the inner wall of the cleaning cylinder 26 is connected with an adjusting plate 32 in a sliding way, a pressing plate 30 positioned at the left of an adjusting plate 32 is connected to the inner wall of the cleaning cylinder 26 in a sliding manner, a second spring 31 is fixedly arranged between the pressing plate 30 and the adjusting plate 32, a pressure lever 27 which penetrates through the left end of the cleaning cylinder 26 and then props against the inner wall of the second sleeve 3 is fixedly arranged at the left end of the pressure plate 30, an opening 37 is arranged at the right end of the cleaning cylinder 26, a cleaning rod 33 which can prop against the outer side of the cultivation tube 18 after penetrating through the opening 37 is rotatably connected on the adjusting plate 32, the adjusting plate 32 and the inner wall of the right end of the cleaning cylinder 26 are fixedly provided with a third spring 29, the cleaning rod 33 is provided with a spiral groove 35 at the outer side of the inner part of the cleaning cylinder 26, the inner wall of the opening 37 is provided with a guide post 34 which extends into the spiral groove 35 and can drive the cleaning rod 33 to rotate through the spiral groove 35. The outer array of the cleaning rods 33 is provided with bristles 36 outside the cleaning cylinder 26. The inner wall of the second sleeve 3 is provided with a convex block 24 which can push the pressure rod 27 to move.

Referring to the attached figures 1 to 5: a method for cultivating oyster mushrooms comprises the following steps:

firstly, fermentation: fermenting the compost for 3-4 days, and turning over and piling for 2-3 times;

II, sterilizing: after fermentation, putting the compost into a plastic bag, sealing, heating to 80 ℃ through water bath, and keeping for 10 hours;

thirdly, mixed planting: opening the plastic bag, and uniformly mixing the strains;

fourthly, tube loading: wrapping a preservative film on the outer side of the cultivation tube 18 to temporarily seal the cultivation hole 19 so as to reduce the water evaporation amount and prevent the filled culture material from leaking out of the cultivation hole 19, pouring the culture material from the top of the cultivation tube 18, and properly shaking the culture material to fully fill the cultivation tube 18;

fifthly, cultivation management: keeping the room temperature at 20-26 ℃, and controlling the air humidity at about 80-90%;

sixthly, fruiting management: removing the preservative film after the mushroom buds are formed, adjusting the room temperature to 15-20 ℃, and adjusting the air humidity to 70% -80%;

seventhly, mushroom picking: cutting off the grown mushrooms from the outer side of the cultivation tube 19 for collection;

eighth, mushroom residue cleaning: the cultivation tube 19 is arranged on a supporting base 22 through a guide rod 23, then a third rotating shaft 14 is driven to rotate, a first common gear 16 and a second common gear 11 can be driven to rotate sequentially by the rotation of a tooth-lacking gear 12, the first common gear 16 drives a third bevel gear 17 to rotate, the second common gear 11 drives a fourth bevel gear 10 to rotate, the third bevel gear 17 drives a first bevel gear 21 to rotate, the fourth bevel gear 10 drives a second bevel gear 8 to rotate, the first bevel gear 21 drives a first sleeve 20 to rotate, the second bevel gear 8 drives a second sleeve 3 to rotate, the first sleeve 20 drives a cleaning cylinder 26 to rotate, so that the cleaning rod 33 and the bristles 36 are aligned with the cultivation hole 19, then the second sleeve 3 rotates to enable the convex block 24 to rotate, a pressing rod 27 is pushed to move, the pressing rod 27 pushes a pressing plate 30 to move, the pressing plate 30 pushes an adjusting plate 32 to move through a second spring 31, the adjusting plate 32 pushes the cleaning rod 33 to extend into the cultivation hole 19, and the cleaning rod 33 is driven to rotate by the guide post 34 through the spiral groove 35 when moving, so that the brush 36 is driven to rotate to enter the cultivation hole 19, and mushroom residues attached to the hole wall of the cultivation hole 19 are cleaned. The rotation of the first sleeve 20 can enable the cleaning rod 33 and the bristles 36 to clean and clean the cultivation holes 19 on the outer side of the cultivation tube 19 in turn, and can also adjust the lifting of the cultivation tube 18 by rotating the screw 7, so that the cultivation holes 19 on different height positions on the outer side of the cultivation tube 18 can be cleaned.

While the invention has been shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A tubular vertical cultivation device for oyster mushroom, includes bottom plate (1), characterized by: bottom plate (1) top is equipped with cultivation pipe (18), cultivation pipe (18) outside array is equipped with cultivation hole (19), bottom plate (1) top is rotated and is connected with first sleeve (20), cultivation pipe (18) are located first sleeve (20), bottom plate (1) top is rotated and is connected with second sleeve (3), first sleeve (20) are located second sleeve (3), second sleeve (3) top is less than first sleeve (20) top, second sleeve (3) outside fixed mounting has second bevel gear (8), first sleeve (20) outside fixed mounting has first bevel gear (21) that are located second sleeve (3) top, bottom plate (1) right-hand member top fixed mounting has second backup pad (9), it is connected with first pivot (15) to rotate on second backup pad (9), rotate on first pivot (15) and be connected with third bevel gear (21) with first bevel gear (21) meshing 17) The utility model discloses a gear quality inspection device, first pivot (15) outside fixed mounting has first ordinary gear (16) that is located between third bevel gear (17) and second backup pad (9), it is connected with second pivot (13) to rotate on second backup pad (9), it is connected with fourth bevel gear (10) with second bevel gear (8) meshing to rotate on second pivot (13), second pivot (13) outside fixed mounting has second ordinary gear (11) that is located between fourth bevel gear (10) and second backup pad (9), it is connected with third pivot (14) that the second is located first pivot (15) and second pivot (13) quality inspection to rotate on second backup pad (9), third pivot (14) outside fixed mounting has can in turn with first ordinary gear (16) and second ordinary gear (11) meshing's scarce tooth gear (12).

2. The tubular vertical cultivation device for oyster mushroom according to claim 1, wherein: the left end and the right end of the bottom plate (1) are fixedly provided with a first supporting plate (2).

3. The tubular vertical cultivation device for oyster mushroom according to claim 1, wherein: cultivation pipe (18) bottom is equipped with support base (22), support base (22) bottom rotation be connected with pass bottom plate (1) and rather than threaded connection's screw rod (7), cultivation pipe (18) bottom array fixed mounting has to pass support base (22) and bottom plate (1) and rather than sliding connection's guide bar (23).

4. The tubular vertical cultivation device for oyster mushroom according to claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a clamping device, including bottom plate (1), first sleeve (20) and second sleeve (3), be connected with third sleeve (6) that are located between bottom plate (1) rotation, sliding connection has kelly (25) on third sleeve (6), first sleeve (20) outside array sliding connection has locating hole (28) that can be stretched into by kelly (25) one end, kelly (20) other end fixed mounting has push pedal (4), push pedal (4) and third sleeve (6) outside fixed mounting have first spring (5).

5. The tubular vertical cultivation device for oyster mushroom according to claim 1, wherein: first sleeve (20) outside symmetry fixed mounting have clean a section of thick bamboo (26), clean a section of thick bamboo (26) inner wall sliding connection has regulating plate (32), clean a section of thick bamboo (26) inner wall sliding connection has clamp plate (30) that is located regulating plate (32) left side, fixed mounting has second spring (31) between clamp plate (30) and regulating plate (32), clamp plate (30) left end fixed mounting has depression bar (27) that supports second sleeve (3) inner wall after passing clean a section of thick bamboo (26) left end, clean a section of thick bamboo (26) right-hand member is equipped with opening (37), it is connected with to rotate on regulating plate (32) and can support after passing opening (37) and cultivate clean pole (33) outside planting pipe (18), regulating plate (32) and clean a section of thick bamboo (26) right-hand member inner wall fixed mounting have third spring (29), clean pole (33) are located clean a section of thick bamboo (26) inside part outside and are equipped with helicla flute (35), the inner wall of the opening (37) is provided with a guide column (34) which extends into the spiral groove (35) and can drive the cleaning rod (33) to rotate through the spiral groove (35).

6. The tubular vertical cultivation device for oyster mushroom according to claim 1, wherein: the outer side of the cleaning rod (33) is provided with bristles (36) outside the cleaning cylinder (26) in an array mode.

7. The tubular vertical cultivation device for oyster mushroom according to claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the second sleeve (3) is provided with a convex block (24) which can push the pressure rod (27) to move.

8. A method for cultivating oyster mushroom according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

firstly, fermentation: fermenting the compost for (3) to (4) days, and turning over the compost for (2) to (3) times;

II, sterilizing: after fermentation, putting the compost into a plastic bag for sealing, heating to the temperature of (80) ℃ through water bath, and keeping for (10) hours;

thirdly, mixed planting: opening the plastic bag, and uniformly mixing the strains;

fourthly, tubing: wrapping a preservative film on the outer side of the cultivation pipe (18) to temporarily seal the cultivation hole (19) so as to reduce the water evaporation amount and prevent the filled culture material from leaking from the cultivation hole (19), pouring the culture material from the top of the cultivation pipe (18), properly shaking the culture material, and fully filling the cultivation pipe (18) with the culture material;

fifthly, cultivation management: keeping the room temperature at (20) - (26) ℃ and controlling the air humidity at (80) - (90)% or so;

sixthly, fruiting management: removing the preservative film after the mushroom buds are formed, adjusting the room temperature to 15-20 ℃, and adjusting the air humidity to 70-80%;

seventhly, mushroom picking: cutting off the grown mushrooms from the outer side of the cultivation pipe (19) for collection;

eighth, mushroom residue cleaning: the cultivation tube (19) is arranged on a supporting base (22) through a guide rod (23), then a third rotating shaft (14) is driven to rotate, a tooth-lacking gear (12) rotates to drive a first common gear (16) and a second common gear (11) to rotate in sequence, the first common gear (16) rotates to drive a third bevel gear (17) to rotate, the second common gear (11) rotates to drive a fourth bevel gear (10) to rotate, the third bevel gear (17) rotates to drive a first bevel gear (21) to rotate, the fourth bevel gear (10) rotates to drive a second bevel gear (8) to rotate, the first bevel gear (21) rotates to drive a first sleeve (20) to rotate, the second bevel gear (8) drives a second sleeve (3) to rotate, the first sleeve (20) rotates to drive a cleaning cylinder (26) to rotate, and the cleaning rod (33) and bristles (36) are aligned with the cultivation hole (19), then the second sleeve (3) rotates to enable the convex block (24) to rotate, the pressure lever (27) is pushed to move, the pressure lever (27) pushes the pressure plate (30) to move, the pressure plate (30) pushes the adjusting plate (32) to move through the second spring (31), the adjusting plate (32) pushes the cleaning rod (33) to stretch into the cultivation hole (19), when the cleaning rod (33) moves, the cleaning rod is driven to rotate by the guide column (34) through the spiral groove (35), thereby driving the brush hair (36) to rotate and enter the cultivation hole (19), the mushroom residues attached to the wall of the cultivation hole (19) are cleaned, the rotation of the first sleeve (20) can enable the cleaning rod (33) and the brush hair (36) to clean the cultivation hole (19) on the outer side of the cultivation pipe (19) in turn, and can also adjust the lifting of the cultivation tube (18) by rotating the screw (7), thereby cleaning the cultivation holes (19) at different height positions outside the cultivation pipe (18).

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