CN115038526A - 用于涂敷粘性的材料到工件上的设备 - Google Patents

用于涂敷粘性的材料到工件上的设备 Download PDF

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CN115038526A
CN115038526A CN202180011728.2A CN202180011728A CN115038526A CN 115038526 A CN115038526 A CN 115038526A CN 202180011728 A CN202180011728 A CN 202180011728A CN 115038526 A CN115038526 A CN 115038526A
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measuring element
piston
tappet
longitudinal direction
valve
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H·比策尔
B·普林斯
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Atlas Copco IAS GmbH
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Atlas Copco IAS GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/0225Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work characterised by flow controlling means, e.g. valves, located proximate the outlet
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/14Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
    • B05B1/16Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening having selectively- effective outlets
    • B05B1/1609Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening having selectively- effective outlets with a selecting mechanism comprising a lift valve
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3033Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head
    • B05B1/304Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve
    • B05B1/3046Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice
    • B05B1/306Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice the actuating means being a fluid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0421Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with rotating spray heads
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0431Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with spray heads moved by robots or articulated arms, e.g. for applying liquid or other fluent material to 3D-surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/0225Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work characterised by flow controlling means, e.g. valves, located proximate the outlet
    • B05C5/0237Fluid actuated valves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/027Coating heads with several outlets, e.g. aligned transversally to the moving direction of a web to be coated
    • B05C5/0275Coating heads with several outlets, e.g. aligned transversally to the moving direction of a web to be coated flow controlled, e.g. by a valve
    • B05C5/0279Coating heads with several outlets, e.g. aligned transversally to the moving direction of a web to be coated flow controlled, e.g. by a valve independently, e.g. individually, flow controlled

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于将粘性的材料涂敷到工件上的设备(10),包括在保持装置(12)中能围绕沿纵向方向(16)伸展的旋转轴线旋转地设置的旋转喷枪(14),所述旋转喷枪具有至少一个材料排出口(18),其中,为每个材料排出口(18)配设针阀(22),借助所述针阀的沿纵向方向(16)延伸的阀针(24),能在阀座处闭锁相应的材料排出口(18),并且为每个阀针(24)配设缸体(26),在所述缸体的活塞室(28)中,活塞(30)能通过借助流体的压力加载而运动,阀针(24)与所述活塞固定地连接。按照本发明规定,每个活塞(30)连接有挺杆(52),所述挺杆在背离所述至少一个阀座的上侧上密封地从相关的活塞室(28)中引出,旋转喷枪(14)具有能借助挺杆(52)加载的能沿纵向方向(16)移动的测量元件(36),并且保持装置(12)具有用于确定测量元件(36)的位置的传感器(34)。

Description

用于涂敷粘性的材料到工件上的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按照权利要求1的前序部分所述的用于涂敷粘性的材料到工件上的设备。
背景技术
这样的设备用于,将粘性的材料、例如粘合剂、密封材料或漆涂敷到工件上。在此,经常使用多个在旋转喷枪上装配的不同的几何结构的喷嘴,分别一个材料排出口通入所述喷嘴中。每个材料排出口配设有针阀,所述针阀的阀针对阀座上的相关的材料排出口闭锁或释放。为了操纵阀针设置缸体,其中,每个阀针与一个缸体的活塞连接,所述活塞借助通过流体、尤其是压缩空气的压力加载而运动。在开头所述类型的已知的设备中,各缸体相对于阀座成相同的距离并排设置,并且所述设备被控制成,使得总是各所述针阀之中的仅一个针阀为了材料涂敷而打开。在此存在如下需要,即监控针阀的切换状态,从而总是识别阀之一的打开。这样的监控可以在包括仅一个针阀的设备中以简单的方式实现成,使得利用唯一的活塞使磁体一起运动,所述磁体的位置然后借助保持装置的磁体传感器探测。但一旦旋转喷枪具有多个阀,则这样的监控几乎不可能,因为活塞通过旋转喷枪关于保持装置的持久的扭转不可以具有相对于磁体传感器的限定的位置。当旋转喷枪仅具有偏心地接纳在其中的针阀时是相同的情况。
发明内容
因此,本发明的任务是,进一步改进开头所述类型的设备,使得其能够被较好地被监控。
该任务按照本发明通过具有权利要求1所述的特征的设备解决。本发明有利的进一步构成是从属权利要求的主题。
本发明基于如下思想,即,所有活塞能够借助挺杆作用到共同的测量元件上,所述测量元件的位置于是可以由传感器探测。通常在此存在多个针阀,所述针阀的缸体并排设置,尤其是以如下意义并排设置,即,其垂直于旋转轴线的横截面不重叠,其中,例如活塞室的下面的和/或上面的限定面分别设置在一个平面中。然而也可能的是,旋转喷枪具有仅一个针阀,所述针阀包括尤其是关于中心纵轴线偏心设置的缸体。
所述测量元件可以至少关于其作用到传感器上的部件旋转对称地设计,从而其与保持装置的传感器的相互作用也在旋转喷枪关于保持装置的扭转时不改变或不明显地改变。所述旋转轴线此外适宜的是旋转喷枪或测量元件的中心纵轴线。所述至少一个活塞优选借助压缩空气被加载并且作为Fail-Safe-功能此外适宜地具有弹簧加载,所述弹簧加载将所述活塞推到如下位置中,在所述位置中,阀针密封地放置在所属的阀座上。
所述测量元件可以以不同的设计方案实施。然而优选地,所述测量元件具有永磁体,而传感器是磁体传感器。在此优选地,永磁体具有圆环的形状,所述圆环围绕旋转轴线环绕,从而旋转喷枪关于保持装置的扭转不会带来永磁体与磁体传感器的相互作用的改变。尤其是永磁体轴向极化,从而其极沿轴向方向相继。为了节省昂贵的磁性材料优选的是,所述圆环的半径为其沿径向的方向测量的厚度的至少5倍、优选至少8倍。适宜地,测量元件具有能通过挺杆加载的保持板,永磁体紧固在所述保持板上。
优选地,旋转喷枪具有由非铁磁的材料制成的壳体,所述至少一个缸体和所述测量元件接纳在所述壳体中。作为用于壳体的材料尤其是考虑铝,其几乎不妨碍借助磁体传感器对永磁体的探测。
适宜地,所述测量元件能克服回位力沿从所述至少一个缸体离开的方向移动,从而回位力使测量元件在去除通过挺杆之一的加载之后再次重置到初始位置中,所述初始位置对应于由传感器探测的信息“所有针阀关闭”。所述回位力适宜地通过至少一个压力弹簧施加,所述压力弹簧设置在测量元件和向上限定壳体的壳体盖之间。所述至少一个压力弹簧可以作为螺旋弹簧构成。
在多个并排设置的缸体中不可避免的是,挺杆对测量元件分别偏心地加载。为了阻止测量元件在壳体中的倾斜,所述测量元件适宜地借助沿纵向方向延伸的至少一个导向销引导,其中,每个导向销延伸通过测量元件。在此优选的是,导向销在中央设置,从而旋转轴线延伸通过所述导向销,而其他的导向销可以偏心地设置。此外优选地,至少一个所述导向销在中央伸展通过所述压力弹簧之一。此外适宜地规定,所述缸体彼此成相同的距离并且相对于旋转轴线成相同的距离设置,以便取得最大可能的对称。当此外每个挺杆偏心地与相应的活塞连接并且比活塞的中心纵轴线更靠近旋转轴线地设置时,则由挺杆施加到测量元件上的力矩减少,从而进一步减少测量元件在壳体中的倾斜的危险。
按照一种优选的实施例,每个所述压力弹簧配设有以较弱的回位力抵制该压力弹簧的另外的压力弹簧,所述另外的压力弹簧从下面向测量元件挤压。所述另外的压力弹簧也可以有利地作为螺旋弹簧构成并且围绕导向销设置。由所述回位弹簧和所述另外的回位弹簧的力然后总是还造成将测量元件推到其初始位置中的回位力。但设置所述另外的回位弹簧帮助避免测量元件在壳体中的倾斜。
附图说明
接着借助在附图中示意性描述的实施例更详细地阐述本发明。在附图中:
图1示出用于涂敷粘性的材料的设备的透视图,以及
图2a、2b示出按照图1的设备的一部分的剖面的侧视图和透视图。
具体实施方式
在附图中示出的设备10用于将粘性的材料涂敷到工件上,在本实施例中涂敷漆。然而也可设想其他使用,例如涂敷粘合剂、密封材料、隔音材料或导热胶。涂敷设备10具有保持装置12,所述保持装置确定用于装配在机械手臂上。在保持装置12中装配旋转喷枪14,所述旋转喷枪能围绕沿纵向方向16延伸的旋转轴线关于保持装置12旋转。旋转喷枪14在其下面的端部处具有三个材料排出口18,在所述材料排出口处,用于涂敷到工件上的粘性的材料可以从旋转喷枪14的由铝制成的壳体20中排出,并且在所述材料排出口处通常装配分别一个涂敷喷嘴。在壳体20中接纳三个针阀22,其中,每个针阀22配设给各所述材料排出口18之一。针阀22的阀针24在阀座处分别闭锁各所述材料排出口18之一或通过从阀座的提起来释放所述材料排出口18。每个所述针阀配设有双重作用的气动缸26,在所述气动缸的活塞室28中,活塞30能沿纵向方向16来回移动,同样沿纵向方向16延伸的相关的阀针24与所述活塞固定连接。活塞30借助压缩空气加载的运动因此造成阀针24的运动和相关的材料排出口18在阀座处的打开或关闭。在活塞室28中设置的、作为螺旋弹簧构成的闭锁弹簧32将相应的活塞30向下挤压并且将阀针24挤压到所属的阀座上,从而材料排出口18在压缩空气失效时始终是关闭的。
所述设备10被控制成,使得始终仅一个材料排出口18打开。为了监控:材料排出口之一18是否打开或所有材料排出口18是否关闭,保持装置12具有固定装配的磁体传感器34。该磁体传感器探测能在旋转喷枪14的壳体20中运动的测量元件36的位置。测量元件36具有能在壳体20中沿纵向方向16来回移动的保持板38和固定地与保持板38连接的环形的永磁体40。保持板38在中央的导向销42上以及三个外部的导向销44上引导,其中,每个所述导向销42、44延伸通过在保持板38中的开口。围绕每个所述导向销42、44设置有在上面在壳体盖46上和在下面在保持板38上支承的压力弹簧48、50,所述压力弹簧将测量元件36向下挤压。在此涉及一个围绕中央的导向销42设置的中央的压力弹簧48和三个围绕分别外部的导向销44之一设置的外部的压力弹簧50。每个所述活塞30固定连接有挺杆52,所述挺杆密封地从相关的活塞室28的背离阀座的并且朝向测量元件36的上侧引出并且贴靠在保持板38上。如果各所述材料排出口18之一通过抬起相关的活塞30打开,则与该活塞30连接的挺杆52将测量元件46向上挤压,从而磁体传感器34可以探测永磁体40的运动。磁体传感器34然后产生“阀打开”的信号。如果材料排出口18通过相关的活塞30的下降再次关闭,则压力弹簧48、50引起测量元件36的下降,所述测量元件由磁体传感器34探测,所述磁体传感器产生“阀关闭”的信号。
各缸体26以如下意义并排设置,即,各缸体垂直于纵向方向16制造的横截面不重叠。测量元件36借助挺杆52的加载可以因此不在中央,亦即居中地在保持板38上进行。为了避免测量元件36在壳体20中的倾斜,挺杆52偏心地设置到活塞30上并且尽可能朝保持板38的中心的方向或者说朝旋转喷枪14的中心纵轴线的方向错开。此外较弱的另外的压力弹簧48‘、50‘与每个所述压力弹簧48、50相对置,所述另外的压力弹簧从下面向保持板38挤压。所述压力弹簧48、50和所述另外的压力弹簧48‘、50‘的尺寸在此确定成,使得包括压力弹簧48、50之一和对置的另外的压力弹簧48‘、50‘的每对总和地将力施加到保持板38上,所述力向下、亦即朝缸体26的方向指向。
在示出的实施例中,旋转喷枪14具有三个针阀22。不言而喻的是,旋转喷枪14可以装备有两个或多于三个针阀22。
概括地可确定如下内容:
本发明涉及用于将粘性的材料涂敷到工件上的设备,所述设备包括在保持装置12中能围绕沿纵向方向16伸展的旋转轴线旋转地设置的旋转喷枪14,所述旋转喷枪具有至少一个材料排出口18,其中,为每个材料排出口18配设针阀22,借助所述针阀的沿纵向方向16延伸的阀针24,能在阀座处闭锁相应的材料排出口18,并且为每个阀针24配设缸体26,在所述缸体的活塞室28中,活塞30能通过借助流体的压力加载而运动,阀针24与所述活塞固定地连接。按照本发明规定,每个活塞30连接有挺杆52,所述挺杆在背离所述至少一个阀座的上侧上密封地从相关的活塞室28中引出,旋转喷枪14具有能借助挺杆52加载的能沿纵向方向16移动的测量元件36,并且保持装置12具有用于确定测量元件36的位置的传感器34。

Claims (13)

1.一种用于将粘性的材料涂敷到工件上的设备,所述设备包括在保持装置(12)中能围绕沿纵向方向(16)伸展的旋转轴线旋转地设置的旋转喷枪(14),所述旋转喷枪具有至少一个材料排出口(18),其中,为每个材料排出口(18)配设针阀(22),借助所述针阀的沿纵向方向(16)延伸的阀针(24)能在阀座处闭锁相应的材料排出口(18),并且为每个阀针(24)配设缸体(26),在所述缸体的活塞室(28)中,活塞(30)能通过借助流体的压力加载而运动,阀针(24)与所述活塞固定地连接,其特征在于,每个活塞(30)连接有挺杆(52),所述挺杆在背离所述至少一个阀座的上侧上密封地从相关的活塞室(28)中引出,旋转喷枪(14)具有能借助挺杆(52)加载的能沿纵向方向(16)移动的测量元件(36),并且保持装置(12)具有用于确定测量元件(36)的位置的传感器(34)。
2.按照权利要求1所述的设备,其特征在于,旋转喷枪(14)具有至少两个材料排出口(18)。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的设备,其特征在于,所述测量元件(36)具有永磁体(40),并且所述传感器(34)是磁体传感器。
4.按照权利要求3所述的设备,其特征在于,所述永磁体(40)具有优选轴向极化的圆环的形状,所述圆环围绕旋转轴线环绕,并且所述圆环的半径优选为其沿径向方向测量的厚度的至少5倍、尤其是至少8倍。
5.按照权利要求3或4所述的设备,其特征在于,测量元件(36)具有能通过挺杆(52)加载的保持板(38),永磁体(40)紧固在所述保持板上。
6.按照上述权利要求之一所述的设备,其特征在于,旋转喷枪(14)具有由非铁磁的材料制成的壳体(20),所述至少一个缸体(26)和所述测量元件(36)接纳在所述壳体中。
7.按照上述权利要求之一所述的设备,其特征在于,所述测量元件(36)能克服回位力沿从所述至少一个缸体(26)离开的方向移动。
8.按照权利要求6和按照权利要求7所述的设备,其特征在于,所述回位力通过至少一个压力弹簧(48、50)施加,所述压力弹簧设置在测量元件(36)和向上限定壳体(20)的壳体盖(46)之间。
9.按照权利要求8所述的设备,其特征在于,每个所述压力弹簧(48、50)配设有以较弱的回位力抵制该压力弹簧的另外的压力弹簧(48‘、50‘),所述另外的压力弹簧从下面向测量元件(36)挤压。
10.按照上述权利要求之一所述的设备,其特征在于,所述测量元件(36)借助沿纵向方向延伸的至少一个导向销(42、44)引导,其中,每个导向销(42、44)延伸通过测量元件(36)。
11.按照权利要求8或9和按照权利要求10所述的设备,其特征在于,所述导向销(42、44)之中的至少一个导向销在中央伸展通过所述压力弹簧(48、50)之中的一个压力弹簧并且必要时通过所述另外的压力弹簧(48‘、50‘)之中的一个另外的压力弹簧,其中,相关的所述一个压力弹簧(48、50)或所述一个另外的压力弹簧(48‘、50‘)构成为螺旋弹簧。
12.按照权利要求2至11之一所述的设备,其特征在于,各所述缸体(26)彼此成相同的距离并且相对于旋转轴线成相同的距离设置。
13.按照上述权利要求之一所述的设备,其特征在于,每个挺杆(52)偏心地与相应的活塞(30)连接并且比活塞(30)的中心纵轴线更靠近旋转轴线地设置。
CN202180011728.2A 2020-02-05 2021-02-01 用于涂敷粘性的材料到工件上的设备 Pending CN115038526A (zh)

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