CN115018129B - Method for predicting fracture rotational speed of dissimilar welded rotor by considering residual stress influence - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for predicting the fracture rotation speed of a dissimilar material welding rotor by considering the influence of residual stress, and belongs to the technical field of fracture rotation speeds of rotating structures. The method comprises the following steps: s1: partitioning the rotor by welding different materials; s2: respectively constructing engineering stress-strain curve structures of different areas; s3: conversion to a true stress-strain curve; s4: carrying out residual stress test; s5: converting the residual stress result into a residual stress distribution field; s6: and taking the residual stress distribution field as initial stress, carrying out elastoplastic analysis by utilizing a true stress-strain curve, obtaining stress strain of the welded rotor, and obtaining the final fracture rotating speed according to a failure strain criterion. The method is based on the stress distribution characteristics of welding, and considers the residual stress distribution of a welding area and the material constitutive characteristics of the welding area, so that the method is suitable for engineering, the analysis error of the fracture rotation speed of the welding rotor is less than 6%, and the calculation accuracy meets the engineering requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fracture rotational speed of a rotating structure, and particularly relates to a method for predicting fracture rotational speed of a dissimilar material welding rotor by considering residual stress influence.
Background
The existing method for calculating the circumferential fracture rotational speed of a welding rotor (a homogenizing disc) is an average stress method and consists ofShown, wherein σ b is the tensile limit of the material; /(I)Calculating the average stress; np is the burst speed reserve.
However, for non-uniform materials, particularly for welding rotors with welding residual stress, the welding rotors have initial residual stress due to the influence of the welding residual stress, so that the initial stress distribution of the welding rotors is uneven, the risk of local cracking of the drum is present, and the materials of the rotors in the welding area are different from each other in base materials for construction, so that the welding rotors have certain characteristics, cannot be simply calculated by using the existing formula, and the calculation result of the existing formula is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for predicting a fracture rotational speed of a dissimilar metal welded rotor in consideration of an influence of residual stress, the method comprising the steps of:
S1: dividing the dissimilar welded rotor into a first parent material zone, a second parent material zone, a welding zone, a first heat affected zone between the first parent material zone and the welding zone, and a second heat affected zone between the second parent material zone and the welding zone of different materials;
s2: respectively constructing engineering stress-strain curve structures of different areas;
s3: converting the engineering stress-strain curve structure of the S2 structure into a true stress-strain curve;
S4: carrying out residual stress test;
S5: converting the residual stress result obtained by the S4 test into a residual stress distribution field;
s6: and (3) taking the residual stress distribution field obtained in the step (S5) as initial stress, carrying out elastoplastic analysis by utilizing the true stress-strain curve obtained in the step (S3), obtaining the stress strain of the welded rotor, and obtaining the final fracture rotating speed according to a failure strain criterion.
The method for predicting the fracture rotational speed of the dissimilar metal welding rotor considering the influence of residual stress provided by the invention also has the characteristics that the S2 comprises the following steps:
S2.1: respectively obtaining engineering stress-strain curves of a first parent material region and a second parent material region;
S2.2, obtaining a hardness test value of a welded joint sample; the welding process of the welding joint is the same as that of the dissimilar material welding rotor
S2.3: constructing an engineering stress-strain curve of the welding zone by the engineering stress-strain curve of the first parent material zone and the engineering stress-strain curve of the second parent material zone which are acquired in S2.1 and the hardness test value of the welding joint sample;
s2.4: and constructing engineering stress-strain curves of the first heat affected zone and the second heat affected zone according to the distance parameter of the heat affected zone from the base metal, the engineering stress-strain curve of the first base metal zone, the engineering stress-strain curve of the second base metal zone and the hardness test value of the welded joint sample.
The method for predicting the fracture rotational speed of the dissimilar metal welding rotor considering the influence of residual stress provided by the invention also has the characteristics that S2.3 comprises the following steps: the engineering stress-strain curve of the weld zone is as follows:
ε＝2σ/(Emc1+Emc2)，
σ≤σ0.2,3；
Wherein E mc1 is the elastic modulus of the first parent material region, E mc2 is the elastic modulus of the second parent material region, and sigma b,1 is the tensile strength of the first parent material region; σ 0.2,1 is the yield strength of the first parent material zone; σ FS,1 is the fracture strength of the first parent material region; σ b,2 is the tensile strength of the second parent material region; σ 0.2,2 is the yield strength of the second parent material region; σ FS,2 is the fracture strength of the second parent material region;
σb,3＝H3/(H1+H2)·(σb,1+σb,2)；
σ0.2,3＝H3/(H1+H2)·(σ0.2,1+σ0.2,2)；
σFS.3＝H3/(H1+H2)·(σFS.1+σFS.2)
Wherein H 1 is the average value of the hardness of the measuring point position of the first base material area; h 2 is the average value of the hardness of the measured point position of the second base material area; h 3 is the average hardness of the welding area measuring point position.
The method for predicting the fracture rotational speed of the dissimilar metal welding rotor considering the influence of residual stress provided by the invention also has the characteristics that S2.4 comprises the following steps: the engineering stress-strain curve of the heat affected zone is as follows:
ε＝2σ/(Emc1+Emc2),σ≤σ0.2,3；
Wherein E mc1 is the elastic modulus of the first parent material region, E mc2 is the elastic modulus of the second parent material region, and sigma b,1 is the tensile strength of the first parent material region; σ 0.2,1 is the yield strength of the first parent material zone; σ FS,1 is the fracture strength of the first parent material region; σ b,2 is the tensile strength of the second parent material region; σ 0.2,2 is the yield strength of the second parent material region; σ FS,2 is the fracture strength of the second parent material region;
wherein, the values of sigma b,3、σ0.2,3 and sigma FS,3 in the first heat affected zone are respectively:
The values of σ b,3、σ0.2,3 and σ FS,3 in the second heat affected zone are respectively:
Wherein H 1 is the average value of the hardness of the measuring point position of the first base material area; h 2 is the average value of the hardness of the measured point position of the second base material area; h 3 is the average hardness of the welding area measuring point position; l 1 is the width of the first heat affected zone; l 1,r is a variable, which is expressed as the distance between different positions of the first heat affected zone and the welding zone; l 2 is the width of the second heat affected zone; l 2,r is a variable, which is the distance from the second thermal influence to the bond pad.
The method for predicting the fracture rotational speed of the dissimilar welding rotor considering the influence of residual stress provided by the invention also has the characteristics that the true stress-strain curve after conversion in the step S3 is as follows:
Before necking:
After necking:
Wherein sigma nom、εnom is engineering stress and engineering strain; σ true、εtrue is true stress, true strain; σ FS is the breaking stress of each partition engineering stress-strain curve; epsilon FS is the corresponding fracture strain under the fracture stress of the engineering stress strain curve of each region.
The method for predicting the fracture rotational speed of the dissimilar metal welding rotor considering the influence of residual stress provided by the invention also has the characteristics that the number of residual stress measuring points in each region is not less than 3 in the axial direction and not less than 6 in the circumferential direction.
The method for predicting the fracture rotational speed of the dissimilar welding rotor considering the influence of the residual stress also has the characteristic that a residual stress distribution field is obtained through a shape function method according to the residual stress test result obtained in the step S4.
The method for predicting the fracture rotational speed of the dissimilar welding rotor considering the influence of residual stress provided by the invention also has the characteristics that in the S6, when the strain of the local position of each partition of the welding rotor meets the following formula, the corresponding rotational speed is the final fracture rotational speed
εsx＝kf·εf,ture
Wherein: epsilon f is the strain to failure at break;
k is a correction coefficient, k is more than 0.5 and less than 1;
Epsilon f,true is the fracture strain at the true stress-strain curve for each zone.
Advantageous effects
The method for predicting the fracture rotational speed of the dissimilar welding rotor considering the influence of residual stress provided by the invention considers the residual stress distribution of a welding area and the material constitutive property of the welding area, and provides a method for predicting the fracture rotational speed of the welding rotor, which is applicable to engineering, wherein the analysis error of the fracture rotational speed is less than 6%, and the calculation precision meets the engineering requirement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a welding position in a prediction method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of engineering stress strain in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the hardness test results of different weld zones in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a heat affected zone versus weld zone distance zone in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of engineering stress strain and true stress strain in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of residual stress measurement point positions in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a residual stress test position according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a welded rotor structure.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not limiting, and functional, method, or structural equivalents or alternatives according to these embodiments are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
The terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present embodiment provides a method for predicting a fracture rotational speed of a welding rotor of a dissimilar metal considering the influence of residual stress, wherein the method for predicting the fracture rotational speed of the welding rotor of the dissimilar metal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1: dividing the dissimilar welded rotor into a first parent material zone, a second parent material zone, a welding zone, a first heat affected zone between the first parent material zone and the welding zone, and a second heat affected zone between the second parent material zone and the welding zone of different materials;
s2: respectively constructing engineering stress-strain curve structures of different areas;
s3: converting the engineering stress-strain curve structure of the S2 structure into a true stress-strain curve;
S4: carrying out residual stress test;
S5: converting the residual stress result obtained by the S4 test into a residual stress distribution field;
s6: and (3) taking the residual stress distribution field obtained in the step (S5) as initial stress, carrying out elastoplastic analysis by utilizing the true stress-strain curve obtained in the step (S3), obtaining the stress strain of the welded rotor, and obtaining the final fracture rotating speed according to a failure strain criterion.
In some embodiments, the step S2 includes the steps of:
S2.1: respectively obtaining engineering stress-strain curves of a first parent material region and a second parent material region;
S2.2, obtaining a hardness test value of a welded joint sample; the welding process of the welding joint is the same as that of the dissimilar material welding rotor (shown in figure 3); s2.3: constructing an engineering stress-strain curve of the welding zone by the engineering stress-strain curve of the first parent material zone and the engineering stress-strain curve of the second parent material zone obtained in S2.1 and the hardness test value of the welding joint sample obtained in S2.2;
s2.4: and constructing engineering stress-strain curves of the first heat affected zone and the second heat affected zone according to the distance parameter of the heat affected zone from the base metal, the engineering stress-strain curve of the first base metal zone, the engineering stress-strain curve of the second base metal zone and the hardness test value of the welded joint sample.
In some embodiments, the S2.2 includes: the engineering stress-strain curve of the weld zone is as follows:
ε＝2σ/(Emc1+Emc2)，
σ≤σ0.2,3；
Wherein E mc1 is the elastic modulus of the first parent material region, E mc2 is the elastic modulus of the second parent material region, and sigma b,1 is the tensile strength of the first parent material region; σ 0.2,1 is the yield strength of the first parent material zone; σ FS,1 is the fracture strength of the first parent material region; σ b,2 is the tensile strength of the second parent material region; σ 0.2,2 is the yield strength of the second parent material region; σ FS,2 is the fracture strength of the second parent material region; the values of the parameters of sigma b,3、σ0.2,3、σFS,3 are shown in Table 1
Table 1 parameter values for the weld zones
| Parameters (parameters) | Value taking |
| σb,3 | H3/(H1+H2)·(σb,1+σb,2) |
| σ0.2,3 | H3(H1+H2)·(σ0.2,1+σ0.2,2) |
| σFS,3 | H3(H1+H2)·(σFS,1+σFS,2) |
Wherein H 1 is the average value of the hardness of the measuring point position of the first base material area; h 2 is the average value of the hardness of the measured point position of the second base material area; h 3 is the average hardness of the welding area measuring point position.
In some embodiments, the S2.3 includes: the engineering stress-strain curve of the heat affected zone is as follows:
ε＝2σ/(Emc1+Emc2),σ≤σ0.2,3；
Wherein E mc1 is the elastic modulus of the first parent material region, E mc2 is the elastic modulus of the second parent material region, and sigma b,1 is the tensile strength of the first parent material region; σ 0.2,1 is the yield strength of the first parent material zone; σ FS,1 is the fracture strength of the first parent material region; σ b,2 is the tensile strength of the second parent material region; σ 0.2,2 is the yield strength of the second parent material region; σ FS,2 is the fracture strength of the second parent material region;
wherein the values of σ b,3、σ0.2,3 and σ FS,3 in the first heat affected zone are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 parameter values for the first heat affected zone
The values of σ b,3、σ0.2,3 and σ FS,3 in the second heat affected zone are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 parameter values for the second heat affected zone
Wherein H 1 is the average value of the hardness of the measuring point position of the first base material area; h 2 is the average value of the hardness of the measured point position of the second base material area; h 3 is the average hardness of the welding area measuring point position; l 1 is the width of the first heat affected zone; l 1,r is a variable, which is expressed as the distance between different positions of the first heat affected zone and the welding zone; l 2 is the width of the second heat affected zone; l 2,r is a variable, which is the distance from the second thermal influence to the bond pad.
In some embodiments, the true stress-strain curve (shown in fig. 5) after the transformation in S3 is:
Before necking: the true stress-strain curve after necking adopts a linear section, and the fracture stress and the fracture strain (sigma FS、εFS) in the engineering stress-strain curve are subjected to the following formula to obtain the corresponding true stress sigma FS,true、εFS,true
After necking:
Wherein sigma nom、εnom is engineering stress and engineering strain; σ true、εtrue is true stress, true strain; σ FS is the breaking stress of each partition engineering stress-strain curve; epsilon FS is the corresponding fracture strain under the fracture stress of the engineering stress strain curve of each region.
In some embodiments, each zone has no less than 3 residual stress sites (shown in FIG. 6) in the axial direction and no less than 6 sites in the circumferential direction. Residual stress testing is carried out on the welding area and the heat affected zone by an X-ray method, a neutron diffraction method and the like, and the general requirements of the measuring points are as follows: the axial measuring points of the welding area are uniformly distributed, at least 3 measuring points are required, the circumferential measuring points are uniformly distributed, and at least 6 measuring points are required; at least 3 measuring points and at least 6 circumferential measuring points are needed for the axial distribution of the heat affected zone.
In some embodiments, the residual stress distribution field is obtained by a shape function method according to the residual stress test result obtained in S4. And obtaining a residual stress distribution field of the welding rotor through an interpolation function, wherein the interpolation function is s (x, y) = (ax+b) (cy+d). Four undetermined coefficients (a, b, c, d) in the interpolation function are utilized to obtain four algebraic equations by utilizing stress values of four vertexes (interpolation nodes) of the function under a rectangle (shown in fig. 7), and four coefficients are determined, wherein x i is an axial coordinate value of a residual stress test point and a circumferential coordinate value of a y i residual stress.
In some embodiments, in S6, when the strain of the local position of each partition of the welding rotor satisfies the following formula, the corresponding rotation speed is the final breaking rotation speed
εsx＝kf·εf,ture
Wherein: epsilon f is the strain to failure at break;
k is a correction coefficient, k is more than 0.5 and less than 1;
Epsilon f,true is the fracture strain at the true stress-strain curve for each zone.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for predicting the fracture rotational speed of the dissimilar metal welding rotor by considering the influence of residual stress is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1: dividing the dissimilar welded rotor into a first parent material zone, a second parent material zone, a welding zone, a first heat affected zone between the first parent material zone and the welding zone, and a second heat affected zone between the second parent material zone and the welding zone of different materials;
s2: respectively constructing engineering stress-strain curve structures of different areas;
s3: converting the engineering stress-strain curve structure of the S2 structure into a true stress-strain curve;
S4: carrying out residual stress test;
S5: converting the residual stress result obtained by the S4 test into a residual stress distribution field;
S6: taking the residual stress distribution field obtained in the step S5 as initial stress, carrying out elastoplastic analysis by utilizing the true stress-strain curve obtained in the step S3 to obtain stress strain of the welding rotor, obtaining final fracture rotation speed according to failure strain criteria,
The step S2 comprises the following steps:
S2.1: respectively obtaining engineering stress-strain curves of a first parent material region and a second parent material region;
s2.2, obtaining a hardness test value of a welded joint sample; the welding process of the welding joint is the same as that of the dissimilar welding rotor;
S2.3: constructing an engineering stress-strain curve of the welding zone by the engineering stress-strain curve of the first parent material zone and the engineering stress-strain curve of the second parent material zone obtained in S2.1 and the hardness test value of the welding joint sample obtained in S2.2;
S2.4: constructing engineering stress-strain curves of the first heat affected zone and the second heat affected zone by the distance parameter of the heat affected zone from the base metal, the engineering stress-strain curve of the first base metal zone, the engineering stress-strain curve of the second base metal zone and the hardness test value of the welded joint sample,
The S2.4 includes: the engineering stress-strain curve of the heat affected zone is as follows:
；
；
；
Wherein, Is the elastic modulus of the first parent material region,/>Is the elastic modulus of the second parent material region,/>The tensile strength of the first parent material region; /(I)Yield strength of the first parent material zone; /(I)The fracture strength of the first parent material region; /(I)The tensile strength of the second parent material region; /(I)Yield strength of the second parent material zone; /(I)The fracture strength of the second parent material region;
Wherein in the first heat affected zone 、/>And/>The values of (a) are respectively as follows:
In the second heat-affected zone 、/>And/>The values of (a) are respectively as follows:
Wherein H 1 is the average value of the hardness of the measuring point position of the first base material area; h 2 is the average value of the hardness of the measured point position of the second base material area; h 3 is the average hardness of the welding area measuring point position; l 1 is the width of the first heat affected zone; As a variable, representing the distances between different positions of the first heat affected zone and the welding zone; l 2 is the width of the second heat affected zone; /(I) Is a variable, is the distance of the second thermal influence from the bond pad.
2. The method for predicting the fracture rotational speed of a dissimilar metal welded rotor considering the influence of residual stress according to claim 1, wherein S2.3 comprises: the engineering stress-strain curve of the weld zone is as follows:
；
；
；
Wherein, The tensile strength of the first parent material region; /(I)Yield strength of the first parent material zone; /(I)The fracture strength of the first parent material region; /(I)The tensile strength of the second parent material region; /(I)Yield strength of the second parent material zone; /(I)The fracture strength of the second parent material region;
；
；
Wherein, Is the elastic modulus of the first parent material region,/>The elastic modulus of the second base material region is H 1, which is the average value of the hardness of the measuring point position of the first base material region; h 2 is the average value of the hardness of the measured point position of the second base material area; h 3 is the average hardness of the welding area measuring point position.
3. The method for predicting the fracture rotational speed of a dissimilar metal welded rotor considering the influence of residual stress according to claim 1, wherein the true stress-strain curve after conversion in S3 is:
Before necking:
After necking:
Wherein, 、/>Engineering stress and engineering strain; /(I)、/>Is true stress and true strain; /(I)Breaking stress for engineering stress-strain curves of all the subareas; /(I)And (5) the corresponding fracture strain under the fracture stress of the engineering stress strain curve of each region.
4. The method for predicting the fracture rotational speed of a dissimilar metal welded rotor in consideration of residual stress influence according to claim 1, wherein the number of residual stress measurement points per region is not less than 3 in the axial direction and not less than 6 in the circumferential direction.
5. The method for predicting the cracking speed of the dissimilar metal welded rotor considering the influence of residual stress according to claim 1, wherein the residual stress distribution field is obtained by a shape function method according to the residual stress test result obtained in S4.
6. The method for predicting fracture rotational speed of dissimilar welded rotor with residual stress influence as recited in claim 1, wherein in S6, when the strain of each partial position of the welded rotor satisfies the following equation, the corresponding rotational speed is the final fracture rotational speed
Wherein: Is fracture failure strain;
k is a correction coefficient, K is more than 0.5 and less than 1;
The fracture strain at the true stress-strain curve for each zone.
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