CN115004897A - Germination method of red peony seeds - Google Patents
Germination method of red peony seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN115004897A CN115004897A CN202210840635.7A CN202210840635A CN115004897A CN 115004897 A CN115004897 A CN 115004897A CN 202210840635 A CN202210840635 A CN 202210840635A CN 115004897 A CN115004897 A CN 115004897A
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- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 235000006484 Paeonia officinalis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 241000736199 Paeonia Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 241001106477 Paeoniaceae Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000124464 Paeonia veitchii Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 244000236658 Paeonia lactiflora Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000008598 Paeonia lactiflora Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004062 cytokinin Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQHKFADEQIVWID-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytokinin Natural products C1=NC=2C(NCC=C(CO)C)=NC=NC=2N1C1CC(O)C(CO)O1 UQHKFADEQIVWID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-OBDJNFEBSA-N gibberellin A3 Chemical compound C([C@@]1(O)C(=C)C[C@@]2(C1)[C@H]1C(O)=O)C[C@H]2[C@]2(C=C[C@@H]3O)[C@H]1[C@]3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-OBDJNFEBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a rapid germination method of red peony seeds. According to the invention, the temperature change mode, the concentration of the gibberellin solution, the dry heat treatment and other conditions are set, so that the red peony root seeds finally obtain the germination rate of 69.33%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of breeding, cultivation and the like of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, in particular to a germination method of a radix paeoniae rubra.
Background
The radix paeoniae rubrathe Paeonia veitchii Lynch and the peony Paeonia lactiflora pall are basic source plants of a famous Chinese medicinal material 'radix paeoniae rubrathe'. The paeonia lactiflora has a long artificial planting history in China, is widely distributed in areas with the altitude of 480-. However, the red peony root is mainly produced in the southeast area of Qinghai-Tibet plateau with an altitude of more than 3000m, artificial large-scale cultivation is not available at present, as the climate environment of a distribution area is severe, the seeds evolve a strict dormancy mechanism in order to adapt to the environment, and research reports or related patent applications for breaking the dormancy of the seeds and promoting the germination of the seeds are not available.
With the increasing demand of traditional Chinese medicine year by year and the enhancement of ecological protection measures of Qinghai-Tibet plateau, the path of mining wild Chuan red peony root does not meet the demand of industry and times development. Therefore, the artificial planting and resource protection of the radix paeoniae rubra chuanganese is urgently needed, and the establishment of the efficient and rapid radix paeoniae rubra chuanensis seed germination technology is the key point for realizing the artificial planting and resource protection of the radix paeoniae rubra chuanensis.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the growth environment and the seed characteristics of the radix paeoniae rubra, the efficient and rapid germination technology of the radix paeoniae rubra is established through systematic research, so that scientific guidance is provided for seedling breeding of the radix paeoniae rubra, the bottleneck problems that the high-quality provenance of the radix paeoniae rubra is seriously insufficient, the commercial medicinal materials are seriously insufficient and the market price is high at present are solved, contribution is made to solving the huge gap between the excellent provenance supply problem and the medicinal material supply and demand of wild radix paeoniae rubra changed into families, and the bottleneck that the sustainable development of related pharmaceutical industries is restricted due to the shortage of the radix paeoniae rubra resource is relieved.
The invention provides a germination and emergence method of red peony seeds, which comprises the following operation steps:
(1) taking mature seeds of the red paeony root, removing impurities, placing the seeds in a condition of 40-60 ℃ for dry heat treatment for 2-10 h, then soaking the seeds in 100-500mg/L gibberellin water solution for about 24h, placing the soaked seeds in nutrient soil with proper humidity, culturing the seeds for 30-50 days at 25 ℃ (± 2) until hypocotyls germinate, transferring the seeds to 4 ℃ (± 2) for cold shock for 25-35 days, and then transferring the seeds to 25 ℃ (± 2) for culturing until the hypocotyls germinate, namely germinate;
(2) sowing the germinated seeds in a seedbed, covering soil for 2-5cm, shading, and performing field management until the seedlings can be transplanted.
Further, in the step (1), the mature seeds of the radix paeoniae rubra are obtained by picking black and plump seeds in the last 9 th of month after natural or artificial pollination; preferably artificially pollinated mature seeds.
The nutrient soil with proper humidity is loose and warm soil or humus, and the nutrient soil with proper humidity is kneaded into balls by hands and loosened immediately.
In the research process, the radix paeoniae rubra chuanensis seeds have dormancy characteristics, and if germination is to be accelerated, the dormancy needs to be broken. The growth altitude of the peony is low, the plant dormancy phenomenon is not serious, and the inventor cannot obtain revelation from the germination method of the peony seeds.
In the research, conditions such as dry heat temperature and time have obvious influence on breaking dormancy of the red paeony root, the inventor screens conditions such as dry heat treatment temperature of 40, 60 and 80 ℃ and treatment time of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10h, and finally finds that when the dry heat treatment is carried out for 8h at 40 ℃, the germination rate can be obviously improved, the conditions are obviously superior to other temperatures and treatment time, and obvious difference exists.
Meanwhile, in addition to the dry heat temperature and time, seed soaking is also very critical. The invention selects various seed soaking agents, wherein GA is used 3 (gibberellin) has good effect. It was further found that, among them, 300mg/L GA 3 The (gibberellin) seed soaking germination rate is optimal and is obviously higher than other seed soaking conditions.
In addition, the temperature-changing treatment is very important for breaking the epicotyl germination of the red paeony root seeds. The invention compares the conditions of constant temperature treatment at 25 ℃ (± 2) and temperature variation treatment at 25 ℃ (± 2) -4 ℃ (± 2) -25 ℃ (± 2), finally finds that the epicotyl of the red peony seeds can germinate only after being treated at 25 ℃ (± 2) until the hypocotyl germinates, then being cold-excited at 4 ℃ (± 2) for 30 (+/-5) days at low temperature, and then being treated at 25 ℃ (± 2).
In the invention, the nutrient soil with proper humidity is kneaded into a ball by hand and loosened immediately.
Further, in the step (2), the thickness of the covering soil is 2-5cm, and preferably 2 cm.
Further, in the step (2), the covering soil is fertile loose leaf mold covering.
Through experiments for 3 years, on the basis of collecting and analyzing a large amount of experimental data, the invention finally enables the paeonia lactiflora pall seed to obtain the germination rate of 69.33% through the optimal combination of a plurality of conditions such as a dry heat treatment mode, a temperature change mode, gibberellin solution concentration and the like, and meanwhile, the seedling emergence rate of the paeonia lactiflora pall seed in the field is also up to more than 95.0% and far higher than that in a natural state.
The nutrient soil is specially prepared soil for better plant growth, is usually rich in humus, is loose and breathable, and can retain water and fertilizer. The soil is prepared from a plurality of selected raw materials, such as garden soil, leaf mold, river sand, plant ash and the like, wherein the garden soil and the leaf mold can be used as main substrates, and the river sand and the plant ash are added in proper amount.
Leaf mold, also called humus soil, is a nutrient soil formed by the decomposition and fermentation of plant branches and leaves in soil by microorganisms.
The dry heat treatment is heating treatment in a non-aqueous environment, and generally can adopt a form of oven drying and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 germination diagram of Paeonia veitchii
FIG. 2 is a drawing of a seedling of Chuan red peony
Detailed Description
Unless otherwise defined herein, technical and scientific terms used in connection with the present invention shall have the meaning commonly understood by one of ordinary skill. The meaning and scope of the terms should be clear; however, if any potential ambiguity exists, the definitions provided herein take precedence over any dictionary or extrinsic definition.
Example 1
(1) Seed selection
Selecting mature and plump red peony seeds according to the following selection criteria: picked in 1.8 late ten days to 9 months and 2. the seeds are dark black and full.
(2) Hormones and selection of their concentrations
(1) "seeding in GA 3 (gibberellin), CTK (cytokinin) and water for 24h, GA 3 And CTK concentrations were 100mg/L, 200mg/L, 300mg/L, 400mg/L, 500mg/L, respectively. And after soaking, taking out, drying in the shade, culturing in 25 ℃ (± 2) until hypocotyls germinate (about 40 days), transferring to 4 ℃ (± 2) for cooling for 30 (+ 5) days, and then transferring to 25 ℃ (± 2) for culturing for about 25 days, wherein the nutrient soil is kept moist, and the moistening degree of the nutrient soil is preferably that the nutrient soil is kneaded into a mass by hand and loosened. The seed germination rate was counted and the results are shown in table 1. As can be seen from the table, 300mg/L GA 3 After soaking for 24 hours, the germination rate (56.33%) of the red peony root seeds is the highest.
(3) Dry heat treatment option
And (3) carrying out dry heat treatment on the seeds of the "(1)" at 40 ℃, 60 ℃ and 80 ℃ for 2h, 4h, 6h, 8h and 10h respectively to obtain dry heat treated seeds with different temperatures and different treatment times. The treated seeds were treated at 300mg/L GA 3 Soaking for 24h, taking out, drying in the shade, culturing in 25 ℃ (+ -2) until hypocotyl germinates (about 40 days), transferring to 4 ℃ (+ -2) for cooling for 30 (+ -5) days, and transferring to 25 ℃ (+ -2) for culturing for about 25 days, wherein the nutrient soil is kept moist, and the moistening degree of the nutrient soil is preferably that the nutrient soil is kneaded into a mass by hand and loosened immediately. The seed germination rate is counted, and the result is shown in table 1. As can be seen from the table, the germination rate (69.33%) of the red peony root seeds is the highest after the dry heat treatment at 40 ℃ for 8h, and is obviously higher than that of the seeds without the dry heat treatment in the item (2).
(4) Selection of culture temperature
The "(3)" was subjected to dry heat treatment at 40 ℃ for 8h and to 300mg/L GA 3 And soaking the seeds for 24 hours, culturing the seeds at the constant temperature of 25 ℃ (± 2) for about 80 days, and counting the germination rate of the seeds. The results are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from the table, almost no epicotyl germination was observed at a constant temperature of 25 ℃ (± 2), while the epicotyl germination rate reached 69.33% in the "(3)" medium temperature-varied culture at 25 ℃ (± 2) -4 ℃ (± 2) -25 ℃ (± 2%).
Directly sowing the germinated seeds of the epicotyls on the moist soil surface, covering a layer of leaf mold with the thickness of 2-5cm, building a sunshade net (50%), and performing field management until seedlings emerge.
The implementation places of the invention are in the provinces of the university of urban western south China air harbor school district, the provinces of Alkan Wenchuan county, the provinces of Alkan, and the provinces of Red Yuan county, the provinces of Alkan, the provinces of Sichuan.
The system investigation of the relationship between various conditions and the break of the dormancy of the radix paeoniae rubra chuangensis seeds finally discovers that: the mature red paeony seeds are subjected to dry heat treatment at 40-60 ℃ for 2-10 h, then soaked in 100-one-dose 500mg/L gibberellin water solution, dried in the shade and subjected to temperature change culture at 25 +/-2-4 +/-2-25 +/-2, so that the dormancy of the red paeony seeds can be broken to a certain extent, the rapid germination of the red paeony seeds is promoted, and the germination rate can be improved. Wherein, the best scheme is as follows: dry heat treating at 40 deg.C for 8h, soaking in 300mg/L gibberellin water solution for 24h, drying in the shade, and culturing at variable temperature of 25 deg.C (+ -2) -4 deg.C (+ -2) -25 deg.C (+ -2).
TABLE 1 statistics of the various embodiments
Note: the present inventors have examined the 80 ℃ dry heat treatment, and the data in Table 1 are not described because the seeds hardly germinate due to the 80 ℃ dry heat treatment.
Example 2
Drying mature and plump radix Paeoniae Rubra seeds at about 40 deg.C for 4 hr, and mixing with 200mg/L Gibberellin (GA) 3 ) Soaking for 24 hr, and air drying.
The temperature-changing culture operation at 25-4-25 ℃ is as follows: culturing the treated red peony seeds at about 25 ℃ for about 50 days, transferring to about 4 ℃ for about 30 days, transferring to about 25 ℃ for culturing until germination, and keeping the nutrient soil moist, wherein the moist degree of the nutrient soil is preferably that the nutrient soil is kneaded into a mass by hand and loosened.
Directly sowing the cultured seeds on the moist soil surface, covering a layer of leaf mold with the thickness of 2cm, building a sunshade net (50 percent), and performing field management until seedling emergence.
Example 3
Drying mature and plump radix Paeoniae Rubra seeds at about 40 deg.C for 8 hr, and mixing with 300mg/L Gibberellin (GA) 3 ) Soaking for 24 hr, and air drying.
The temperature-changing culture operation at 24-4-24 ℃ is as follows: the treated red peony seeds are cultured for about 50 days at about 25 ℃, then are cooled for about 30 days at about 4 ℃, and then are cultured until sprouting at about 25 ℃, and the rest is the same as the example 2.
Claims (8)
1. The germination method of the red peony seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
taking mature seeds of the radix paeoniae rubra, carrying out dry heat treatment at 40-60 ℃ for 2-10 h, then soaking the seeds in 100-one 500mg/L gibberellin aqueous solution, and carrying out temperature-changing culture on the soaked seeds.
2. Germination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the mature seeds of the Sichuan radix paeoniae rubra refer to full and mature seeds which are successfully pollinated.
3. Germination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and carrying out dry heat treatment at 40-45 ℃ for 6-8 h.
4. Germination method according to claim 3, characterized in that: and (4) carrying out dry heat treatment at 40 ℃ for 8 h.
5. Germination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the concentration of the gibberellin aqueous solution is 300 mg/L.
6. Germination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the variable temperature culture comprises the following steps: culturing at 25 + -2 deg.C for 30-50 days, culturing at 4 + -2 deg.C for 25-35 days, and culturing at 25 + -2 deg.C until germination.
7. A method for sprouting red paeony root is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following contents: germinating by using the method of any one of claims 1-6, sowing the germinated seeds in a seedbed, covering soil for 2-5cm, shading, and performing field management until seedlings can be transplanted.
8. Radix Paeoniae Rubra (Paeonia veitchii) cultivated by the method of claim 7.
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| CN2022103554441 | 2022-04-06 |
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