CN114981555A - 设有液压致动器的传动模块 - Google Patents

设有液压致动器的传动模块 Download PDF

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CN114981555A
CN114981555A CN202080093751.6A CN202080093751A CN114981555A CN 114981555 A CN114981555 A CN 114981555A CN 202080093751 A CN202080093751 A CN 202080093751A CN 114981555 A CN114981555 A CN 114981555A
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piston
clutch
module according
transmission
annular
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R·朗切托
A·库蒂亚尔
G·卢恰尼
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Drive Systems Co ltd
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Dayco Europe SRL
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/08—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member
    • F16D25/082—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member the line of action of the fluid-actuated members co-inciding with the axis of rotation
    • F16D25/083—Actuators therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405—Housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/12—Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4833—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/02—Fluid-pressure mechanisms
    • F16D2125/06—Pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
    • F16D2300/08—Details or arrangements of sealings not provided for in group F16D3/84
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于混合动力驱动车辆的传动模块(1)，所述传动模块(1)构造成介于车辆的内燃发动机(E)与传动装置(T)之间，所述模块包括：托盘状的支撑结构(5)，其构造成固定到所述发动机(E)并限定用于离合器(23)的壳体(22)，所述离合器(23)介于所述内燃发动机(E)的曲轴(7)与所述模块(1)之间，和用于控制所述离合器(23)的致动器(34)，其中所述致动器(34)包括：环形室(36)，其设置在支撑结构(5)中并朝向用于离合器的所述壳体(22)开口；环形活塞(35)，其以在轴向上滑动且在角向上固定的方式容纳在环形室(36)中；以及推力构件(46)，其以旋转自由方式联接到所述活塞(35)，与所述活塞(35)同轴，并可操作以在所述活塞(35)的推力作用下与所述离合器(23)的控制构件(30)配合。

Description

设有液压致动器的传动模块
相关申请的交叉引用
本专利申请要求于2019年12月27日提交的意大利专利申请第102019000025642号的优先权，其全部公开内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种设有液压致动器的传动模块。本发明优选地但不排他地应用在设有液压控制离合器的混合动力传动模块中，其将在下文被不失一般性地提及。
背景技术
如所知的，混合动力驱动车辆包括内燃发动机和至少一个电机，电机可以用作发电机或用作电动机，以根据车辆的操作条件，与内燃发动机一起(或替代内燃发动机)递送扭矩。
其中使用连接在内燃发动机与车辆传动装置之间的电机的构造通常称为“P2”。已知将模块化单元设计为介于内燃发动机与车辆传动装置之间(因此，目前称为“P2模块”)，除了电机之外，该模块化单元还包括一个或多个液压控制离合器，用以将内燃发动机和/或电机选择性地连接到传动装置以及相关的致动器和传动元件。
特别是，液压控制离合器通常设有施加轴向载荷的弹簧，该弹簧被设计用以将离合器盘一起保持成组。上述类型的离合器通常借助于液压致动器被致动打开，该液压致动器被设计为产生与弹簧的轴向载荷相反的轴向载荷。
用于已知离合器的液压致动器通常由自主单元构成，其限定内部室，加压油可供应到该内部室/从该内部室中排出加压油。
当所述室被加压时，致动器轴向膨胀，从而提供克服离合器弹簧力的轴向载荷。
与已知致动器相关的一个问题是它们的大总体尺寸，特别是在轴向方向上。因此，在安装空间有限的情况下使用所述致动器是有问题的，如在上述传动模块的情况下。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有特别紧凑总体尺寸(特别是在轴向方向上)的液压致动器。
上述目的通过根据权利要求1的传动模块来实现。
附图说明
为了更好地理解本发明，通过非限制性示例并参考附图来描述优选实施例，其中：
图1为根据本发明生产的混合动力传动模块的正视图；
图2为包括本发明的模块的车辆的混合动力系的示意图；
图3为图1的模块的分解图；
图4为根据图1的线IV-IV的截面图；
图5为根据图1的线V-V的局部放大截面图；
图6为图5的放大细节，其中为了清楚起见省略了某些部件；和
图7为图1的模块的阻尼器的示意图。
具体实施方式
参考图1至图3，附图标记1总体上表示传动模块P2，传动模块P2被设计成连接在混合动力驱动车辆的内燃发动机E与传动装置T之间，一起形成混合动力传动系H。
模块1形成混合动力单元4的一部分，除模块本身之外，还包括电机2。任选地，混合动力单元4还可以包括一个或多个附件，诸如例如用于车辆空调***的压缩机3(图2)。
有利地，电机2是可逆类型的，即它可以作为电动马达操作(与内燃发动机结合或者替代内燃发动机)以向传动装置递送扭矩，或者作为发电机操作以产生电力。
模块1(图3至图5)主要包括托盘状的支撑结构5和传动装置6，传动装置6在本示例中为链条传动装置，传动装置6容纳在支撑结构5中并构造成可操作地且选择性地将内燃发动机E的曲轴7、电机2和传动装置T彼此连接。
在图示的示例中，传动装置6包括具有轴线A的冠状轮8和具有轴线B的小齿轮9，冠状轮8如下所述被选择性地连接到曲轴7，并且小齿轮9被设计成连接到电机2。轴线A、B在使用中分别与发动机E的曲轴7的轴线和电机2的轴线重合。传动装置6还包括与冠部8和小齿轮9接合的链条10。
支撑结构5具有基本平坦的基座壁12和垂直于基座壁12延伸的周边凸缘13，周边凸缘13形成多个突起14，在突起14中获得用于将模块1固定到发动机E的孔。基座壁12和周边凸缘13界定容纳传动装置6的腔，所述腔在前面由盖11封闭。
基座壁12形成分别具有轴线A和B的一对贯通座15、16(图4)。
电机2(图4)装配在座16上，位于传动装置6的相对一侧上。座16容纳小齿轮9的毂17和相关的轴承19。
冠部8形成扭转振动阻尼器18的一部分，该扭转振动阻尼器18例如是周向弹簧类型，由于其本身是已知的并且不是本发明的一部分，因此在下面简要描述。阻尼器18借助于容纳在座15中的轴承25支撑，并设有穿过所述座布置的具有轴线A的轴20。
轴20的自由端部21被设计成接合曲轴7的轴向定心孔(未示出)。轴20可以借助于离合器而选择性地连接到曲轴7。
支撑结构5的基座壁12成形为在传动装置6的相对一侧上限定用于离合器23的壳体22。离合器23可以为模块1的一部分，或者如在所描述的示例中那样，可以是与模块1不同但与其互补的组件。
离合器23在此根据需要简要描述，以便理解本发明，但其不构成本发明的一部分，离合器23包括外部壳24和毂26(图5)，外部壳24借助于轴向螺钉50固定到曲轴7，毂26借助于带槽的联接装置27与轴20一体旋转。
外部壳24(图5)容纳在旋转方向上固定到毂26的至少一个离合器盘28和在旋转方向上固定到该外部壳的至少一个离合器盘29。
在正常的离合器闭合位置，离合器盘28、29借助于离合器压盘弹簧30在轴向上滑动并且保持成一组，离合器压盘弹簧30以已知方式包括外环形部分31和整体地且径向地朝向环形部分31的内部延伸的多个弹性臂32。臂32以已知方式在环形部分31附近被枢转到支撑结构5，并被成形和预加载以便施加轴向作用，该轴向作用被设计用以在接合位置将离合器盘28、29成组地保持为抵靠壳24的轴向壁。
模块1最后包括集成在支撑结构5中的致动器34。图6中详细地示出了致动器34，并且致动器34被设计成在操作时在臂32的端部33上施加轴向推力作用，以使环形部分31移动离开离合器盘28、29，从而打开离合器23。
特别参考图6，致动器34包括具有轴线A的环形活塞35，环形活塞35能在环形室36中轴向移动，环形室36在支撑结构5中在座15的同轴外部的位置中获得，并且在前面朝向离合器23开口。
活塞35由一对引导环37、38径向地引导，引导环37、38容纳在活塞35的相应外圆周座(布置在活塞的轴向端部附近)中，并且与环形室36的外圆周表面滑动接触。
活塞35还设有：布置在引导环37、38之间的一对外环形密封件40；以及与环形室36的内圆周表面滑动接触的一对内环形密封件41。
在活塞35的面向离合器23的轴向端部处，所述活塞35具有内环形凸缘42，朝向支撑结构5的基座壁12延伸的管状部分43被一体地连接到内环形凸缘42，从而限定活塞35的在轴向上沿与离合器23相反的方向弯曲的内部附件。管状部分43具有内端肩台44，并容纳轴向邻接肩台44的推力球轴承45。
致动器34最后包括推力构件46，推力构件46一体地包括：容纳在轴承45内的管状套筒47；基本上平坦的环形部分48，所述环形部分48从套筒47的面向离合器23的轴向端部沿径向向外延伸；以及推力部分49，推力部分49由环形部分48的在与活塞35相反的方向上沿轴向弯曲的外径向边缘限定，推力部分49轴向面向活塞35。推力部分49与离合器压盘弹簧30的臂32的端部33配合。
有利地，活塞35相对于环形室36在旋转方向上被阻挡，以便避免任何不希望的旋转导致密封件40、41和引导环37、38的过早磨损。这可以借助于轴向销57接合相应的活塞35的环形凸缘42的孔和推力构件46的孔的来实现(图6)。
套筒47形成迷宫式密封件52，迷宫式密封件52具有管状突起51，管状突起51以悬臂方式从支撑结构5在轴向上延伸，以便防止灰尘进入环形室36的内圆周表面的区域。
致动器34还包括环形波纹管形元件53，环形波纹管形元件53在一侧固定到活塞35且在另一侧固定到在前面应用在支撑结构5上的环形凸缘54，以便防止灰尘进入环形室36的外圆周表面的区域。
除了支撑波纹管形元件53之外，凸缘54还用作活塞35的安全端部止动件，以防止在过压或非接触的情况下的超行程。
有利地，支撑结构5限定了用于向/从致动器34的环形室36供应/排出油的内部通道55；通道55(图5)在环形室36与径向连接件56之间建立连通，径向连接件56布置在支撑结构5的周边凸缘13上，并被设计成连接到液压控制回路。
通道55有利地由在壁12的厚度中获得的两个或更多个孔限定；所述孔可以借助于常规钻孔操作从外部提供，并且所述孔彼此相交以便限定连续的路径；如有必要，可以塞住所述孔的开口。
阻尼器18(图3和图5)包括由一对半壳61、62形成的环形壳60，传动装置6的冠状轮8安装在环形壳60的周边上。阻尼器18还包括致动器63，致动器63包括刚性地(并且优选地一体地)连接到轴20的盘64，并且盘64设有容纳在环形壳60中的两个径向辐条65(在图5中只能看到其中一者)。后者形成一对由半壳61、62的内部突起限定的在直径方向上相对的止动件66。
如图7的示意图所示，在辐条65与止动件66之间布置有周向螺旋弹簧，其目的是将致动器63(以及因此轴20)与环形壳60(以及因此与传动装置6的冠状轮8)弹性联接，以便过滤在使用中从曲轴7传递到电机2的扭转振动。
柔性板67构成模块1与传动装置T之间的接口构件，柔性板67固定到致动器63的盘64。
从上面的描述中已经部分明显看出的传动模块1的操作如下。
在使用中，当离合器23闭合时，轴20连接到内燃发动机(E)的曲轴7、借助于阻尼器18和传动装置6连接到电机2，并且借助于柔性板67连接到车辆传动装置T。
在这种情况下，电机2既可以用作发电机(用于在内燃发动机操作期间给电池充电，或者用作再生制动器)，电机2也可以用作电动机，用于起动内燃发动机或用于在内燃发动机的操作期间递送附加扭矩(增压)。
当离合器23打开时，电动马达可以用于电驱动、电制动以及滑行，而内燃发动机关闭。
与常规的自主解决方案相比，使用集成在支撑结构5中的致动器34允许模块1的轴向尺寸显著减小，并因此允许在可用轴向空间有限的情况下容纳模块。
将致动器34集成在支撑结构中也允许避免专用的固定装置。
最后，清楚的是，在不脱离由权利要求限定的范围的情况下，可以对致动器34和包括致动器34的模块1进行修改和变化。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于混合动力驱动车辆的传动模块(1)，所述传动模块(1)被构造为介于所述车辆的内燃发动机(E)与传动装置(T)之间，所述模块包括：
托盘状的支撑结构(5)，所述支撑结构(5)被构造成固定到所述发动机(E)并限定用于离合器(23)的壳体(22)，和
液压致动器(34)，所述液压致动器(34)用于控制所述离合器(23)，
其特征在于，所述液压致动器(34)包括：环形室(36)，所述环形室(36)设置在所述支撑结构(5)中并朝向用于所述离合器(23)的所述壳体(22)开口；环形活塞(35)，所述环形活塞(35)能够在所述环形室(36)中轴向移动；以及推力构件(46)，所述推力构件(46)以旋转自由方式被约束到所述活塞(35)，与所述活塞(35)同轴，并构造成在所述活塞(35)的推力作用下与所述离合器(23)的控制构件(30)配合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的模块，其特征在于，所述活塞(35)被约束到所述支撑结构(5)，使得所述活塞(35)不能相对于所述环形室(36)旋转。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的模块，其特征在于，所述环形活塞(35)设有密封件(40、41)，所述密封件(40、41)与所述环形室(36)的内圆周表面和外圆周表面配合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的模块，其特征在于，所述环形活塞(35)设有一对引导环(37、38)，所述一对引导环(37、38)以滑动方式与所述环形室的所述圆周表面中的一者配合，并布置在所述密封件(40)的轴向相反两侧上。
5.根据前述权利要求之一所述的模块，其特征在于，所述模块包括在径向上介于所述环形活塞(35)与所述推力构件(46)之间的轴承(45)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的模块，其特征在于，所述环形活塞(35)包括内部管状附件(43)，所述内部管状附件(43)从所述活塞(35)的面向所述离合器(23)的所述壳体(22)的轴向端部延伸并且在与所述离合器(23)相反的方向上轴向地弯曲，所述轴承(25)介于在所述附件(43)与所述推力构件(46)的容纳在所述活塞(35)内的套筒(47)之间。
7.根据权利要求6所述的模块，其特征在于，所述推力构件(46)包括推力部分(49)，所述推力部分(49)在轴向上面向所述环形活塞(35)，并通过基本上平坦的环形部分(48)连接到所述套筒(47)。
8.根据前述权利要求之一所述的模块，其特征在于，所述模块包括安全端部止动构件(54)，所述安全端部止动构件(54)固定到所述支撑结构(5)并在轴向上面向所述管状活塞(35)，以防止所述模块朝向所述离合器(23)超行程。
9.根据前述权利要求之一所述的模块，其特征在于，所述致动器(34)包括密封装置(52、53)，以防止灰尘进入所述环形室(36)。
10.根据前述权利要求之一所述的模块，其特征在于，所述支撑结构(5)设有用于将所述致动器(34)连接到液压控制回路的内部管道(55)。
11.根据前述权利要求之一所述的模块，其特征在于，所述模块包括构造成与容纳在所述支撑结构(5)中的所述离合器(23)和传动装置(6)连接的轴(20)，并且所述模块至少包括联接到所述轴(20)的第一旋转构件(8)和旋转地联接到所述第一旋转构件(8)且构造成连接到电机(2)的第二旋转构件(9)。
12.根据权利要求11所述的模块，其特征在于，所述第一旋转构件(8)借助于扭转振动阻尼器(18)联接到所述轴(20)。
13.根据权利要求11或12所述的模块，其特征在于，所述支撑结构(5)包括：第一座(15)，所述轴(20)通过所述第一座(15)被支撑；和第二座(16)，所述第二旋转构件(9)通过所述第二座(16)被支撑。
14.根据权利要求11至13之一所述的模块，其特征在于，所述传动装置(6)为链条传动装置或皮带传动装置。
15.根据权利要求11至13之一所述的模块，其特征在于，所述传动装置(6)为齿轮传动装置。
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