CN114960217B - Preparation method of low-voltage heating film - Google Patents

Preparation method of low-voltage heating film Download PDF

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CN114960217B
CN114960217B CN202210745547.9A CN202210745547A CN114960217B CN 114960217 B CN114960217 B CN 114960217B CN 202210745547 A CN202210745547 A CN 202210745547A CN 114960217 B CN114960217 B CN 114960217B
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carbon fiber
nylon
carbon
nano tube
carbon nano
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CN114960217A (en
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张子航
傅雅琴
何锐
徐路
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Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
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Zhejiang Sci Tech University ZSTU
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
    • D06N3/0077—Embossing; Pressing of the surface; Tumbling and crumbling; Cracking; Cooling; Heating, e.g. mirror finish
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/342—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2201/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads or yarns
    • D06N2201/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06N2201/042—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electric heating materials, and discloses a preparation method of a low-voltage heating film, which comprises the following steps: (1) Bundling and cladding the carbon fiber monofilaments by nylon fibers; (2) Uniformly fixing nylon-coated carbon fiber bundles into cotton fabrics; (3) Immersing the carbon nano tube in sodium percarbonate aqueous solution, and stirring to obtain a pretreated carbon nano tube; (4) Mixing the pretreated carbon nano tube with aqueous polyurethane aqueous solution to prepare prefabricated liquid; (5) And coating the prefabricated liquid in cotton fabric fixed with carbon fibers, and heating and curing to obtain the low-voltage heating composite film. According to the invention, the nylon-coated carbon fiber bundles are fixed in cotton fabric to serve as a base material of the heating film, and the water-based polyurethane containing the pretreated carbon nanotubes is coated on the surface of the base material and cured to prepare the low-voltage heating film.

Description

Preparation method of low-voltage heating film
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrothermal materials, in particular to a preparation method of a low-voltage heating film.
Background
The carbon fiber is an inorganic fiber composed of carbon elements, the carbon content in the fiber is more than 90%, the soft processability of the textile fiber and the inherent property of the carbon element material are achieved, and the carbon fiber has the characteristics of high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, creep resistance, water resistance and good electric conduction and heat conduction, and is a new generation of reinforcing fiber.
The carbon fiber has excellent electrothermal effect and can generate heat efficiently, rapidly and uniformly under low voltage. When the carbon fiber heats, far infrared heat radiation beneficial to human body is generated, and the far infrared heat radiation is directly absorbed by human body, clothes and the like, so that the heat loss is small in the heat transfer process. And the electrothermal conversion rate is high, compared with materials such as nickel-chromium, tungsten-molybdenum and the like which are used as heating elements, the electrothermal conversion rate is energy-saving by 30%, and compared with materials such as metal wires, PIC, silicon carbide and the like, the electrothermal conversion rate has the advantages of high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, long service life and the like, and has good development prospect. Single carbon fiber has been widely used as a heating material in a carbon fiber lamp tube, a heater, and the like.
As a film material, an electric heating film has properties of softness, light weight, heatable heat preservation, and the like, and is used in some fields. However, how to ensure the safety, convenience, mechanical strength and energy conservation of the electric heating film can directly influence the practical application range of the electric heating film. If the heating film can be used under low voltage, the safety and convenience are certainly guaranteed; the improvement in mechanical properties can definitely further improve the service performance, can prolong the service life, and can be applied to a plurality of fields, including the travel field (such as a tent for winter outdoor use), the construction field (such as a temporary building where an air conditioner cannot be used in winter), the aerospace field (such as aircraft deicing), the agricultural field (such as an agricultural film for vegetable production and the like, and has a better heat preservation function because of heating), and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a low-voltage heating film, which is characterized in that nylon-coated carbon fiber bundles are fixed in cotton fabric to be used as a base material of the heating film, and then aqueous polyurethane containing pretreated carbon nanotubes is coated on the surface of the base material to be cured to prepare the low-voltage heating film.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the low-voltage heating film comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Pretreatment of carbon fibers: and bundling and cladding the carbon fiber monofilaments by nylon fibers to obtain nylon-clad carbon fiber bundles.
In the step (1), the invention uses chinlon to bundle the carbon fiber monofilaments and then carries out coating treatment, and the invention has the following functions: on one hand, the carbon fiber is an inorganic fiber, so that the combination of the carbon fiber and the aqueous polyurethane is poor, the interface impedance is high, the electric conductivity and the thermal conductivity of the material can be influenced, and the amino contained in the nylon fiber can be combined with the ester group of the subsequently coated aqueous polyurethane, so that good combination is formed at the interface of the carbon fiber and the aqueous polyurethane, and the performance of the heating film can be remarkably improved. On the other hand, although carbon fibers have excellent strength and chemical resistance, they have poor toughness and are easily broken by external force. The invention uses nylon to coat the carbon fiber bundle to play a role of buffering and protecting, prevents the carbon fiber bundle from increasing resistance due to monofilament fracture in the using and processing processes, and further improves the electric heating temperature of the carbon fiber bundle.
(2) Fixing the nylon-coated carbon fiber bundles: the nylon-coated carbon fiber bundles are uniformly fixed into cotton fabrics.
The nylon-coated carbon fiber bundles are uniformly fixed in cotton fabrics and can be used as a base material of a heating film, so that the fixation of the fiber bundles is facilitated, the processing performance is improved, the heating performance of the carbon fibers is effectively gathered, and the electrothermal performance of the film is improved.
(3) Immersing the carbon nano tube in sodium percarbonate aqueous solution, stirring, washing and drying to obtain the pretreated carbon nano tube.
In the previous studies, the present inventors found that the dispersibility of the carbon nanotubes in the aqueous polyurethane solution was poor if they were directly mixed in the subsequent step (4). Therefore, the invention carries out strong oxidation chemical cutting pretreatment on the carbon nano tube by sodium percarbonate, and can introduce a certain number of active groups on the side wall and the top end of the carbon nano tube, thereby improving the dispersibility of the carbon nano tube and further improving the mechanical property of the material. On the other hand, the carbon nano tube and the carbon fiber can form an electric conduction and heat conduction network in the film, so that the heating film can generate heat more uniformly.
(4) Mixing the pretreated carbon nano tube with aqueous polyurethane solution, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion treatment to obtain the prefabricated liquid.
The reason that the waterborne polyurethane is selected as the coating substrate of the heating film is that the waterborne polyurethane has better flexibility, oil resistance and chemical resistance compared with other matrixes, and especially the hardness of other substrates is too high, so that the waterborne polyurethane is not suitable for preparing the flexible heating film.
(5) Coating the prefabricated liquid in the cotton fabric fixed with the carbon fibers obtained in the step (2), and heating and curing to obtain a low-voltage heating composite film; wherein the mass ratio of the carbon fiber monofilaments to the pretreated carbon nanotubes to the nylon fibers to the cotton fabrics to the aqueous polyurethane is 1:0.02-0.4:0.3-0.8:2-10:20-40.
In conclusion, the heating film prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention can quickly and uniformly generate heat at a lower voltage of 6V-12V, has excellent mechanical properties, and is more convenient and safer in the use process.
Preferably, in the step (1), the nylon-coated carbon fiber bundles comprise 3000-12000 carbon fiber monofilaments.
Preferably, in the step (1), the specification of the nylon fiber is 77.7-166.5dtex.
Preferably, in the step (2), the cotton fabric has an areal density of 60 to 120g/m 2 。
Preferably, in the step (3), the concentration of the sodium percarbonate solution is 1-2 g/L; the mass ratio of the carbon nano tube to the sodium percarbonate aqueous solution is 1:180-220, the stirring temperature is 95-100 ℃, and the stirring time is 60-120 min.
Preferably, in the step (4), the concentration of the aqueous polyurethane solution is 35-45wt%.
Preferably, in the step (4), the ultrasonic dispersion temperature is 30-50 ℃ and the time is 30-60 min.
Preferably, in the step (5), the curing temperature is 70-80 ℃ and the curing time is 3-4h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the nylon is used for coating the carbon fiber monofilament bundles, so that on one hand, the combination property of the carbon fiber bundles and the polyurethane interface can be improved, and the performance of the heating film can be obviously improved. On the other hand, the buffer and protection functions can be achieved.
(2) The invention uses cotton fabric as the base material of the heating film, which is convenient for fixing fiber bundles, improves the processing performance, effectively gathers the heating performance of carbon fibers and improves the electrothermal performance of the film.
(3) The invention uses sodium percarbonate to pretreat the carbon nano tube by strong oxidation chemical cutting, and finally can improve the mechanical property of the heating film.
(4) The invention selects the water polyurethane as the coating base material of the heating film, and has good flexibility, oil resistance and chemical resistance.
(5) The heating film prepared by the method can quickly and uniformly heat at a lower voltage of 6V-12V, has excellent mechanical properties, and is more convenient and safer in the use process.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples.
Wherein, a DC stabilized voltage power supply MS-605D is used for providing stable voltage for the heating film, and a thermal infrared imager VarioCAM hr head 620 is used for measuring the change condition of the surface temperature of the composite film along with the applied voltage.
Example 1
(1) 10 g of commercial (model Dongli 12K) PAN carbon fiber is coated with 8 g of 166.5dtex nylon fiber;
(2) Selecting cotton fabric with the surface density of 120 g/square meter, cutting the cotton fabric into 15 x 15cm, cutting the carbon fiber tows 50cm after coating, and fixing the carbon fiber tows on the cotton fabric at equal intervals in a U shape to prepare 10 x 10cm area.
(3) Preparing 2g/L sodium percarbonate aqueous solution A, slowly placing the carbon nano tube into a container containing the solution A and a magnetic stirring rotor according to a bath ratio of 1:200, stirring while placing, sealing the mouth of the container after placing, magnetically stirring for 60 minutes at 100 ℃, taking out the carbon nano tube, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the pretreated carbon nano tube for later use.
(4) Diluting commercial aqueous polyurethane with deionized water to a solid content of 40wt%, and putting 0.25 g of carbon nano tubes pretreated in the step 3 into 25 g of aqueous polyurethane solution, and obtaining an aqueous polyurethane mixed solution B containing the carbon nano tubes after ultrasonic wave fraction for 30min at 30 ℃;
(5) The mixed solution B is coated on cotton fabric fixed with carbon fiber, cured for 3 hours at 80 ℃, and then prepared into a low-voltage heating film,
(6) After 3.5 minutes of energization with a voltage of 9V, the temperature of the film reached 50 degrees or higher.
Example 2
(1) 10 g of commercial (model Dongli 12K) PAN carbon fibers were coated with 3 g of 77.7dtex nylon fibers.
(2) Selecting cotton fabric with the surface density of 60 g/square meter, cutting the cotton fabric into 15 x 15cm, cutting the carbon fiber tows 50cm after coating, and fixing the carbon fiber tows on the cotton fabric at equal intervals in a U shape to prepare 10 x 10cm area.
(3) Preparing 1 g/L sodium percarbonate aqueous solution A, slowly placing the carbon nano tube into a container containing the solution A and a magnetic stirring rotor according to a bath ratio of 1:200, stirring while placing, sealing the mouth of the container after placing, magnetically stirring for 120 minutes at 100 ℃, taking out the carbon nano tube, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the pretreated carbon nano tube. (4) Diluting commercial aqueous polyurethane with deionized water to a solid content of 40wt%, and putting 0.02 g of carbon nano tubes pretreated in the step 3 into 40 g of aqueous polyurethane solution, and obtaining an aqueous polyurethane mixed solution B containing the carbon nano tubes after ultrasonic wave fraction for 30min at 30 ℃;
(5) And (3) coating the mixed solution B on cotton fabric fixed with carbon fibers, curing for 3 hours at 80 ℃, and preparing the low-voltage heating film after curing.
(6) After 5.87 minutes of energization with a voltage of 9V, the film temperature reached 50℃or higher.
Example 3
(1) 10 g of commercial (model Dongli 12K) PAN carbon fibers were covered with 5 g of 111dtex nylon fibers.
(2) Selecting cotton fabric with the surface density of 90 g/square meter, cutting the cotton fabric into 15 x 15cm, cutting the carbon fiber tows which are coated by the cotton fabric into 50cm, and fixing the carbon fiber tows on the cotton fabric at equal intervals in a U-shaped mode to prepare the cotton fabric with the area of 10 x 10 cm.
(3) Preparing 1 g/L sodium percarbonate aqueous solution A, slowly placing the carbon nano tube into a container containing the solution A and a magnetic stirring rotor according to a bath ratio of 1:200, stirring while placing, sealing the mouth of the container after placing, magnetically stirring for 120 minutes at 100 ℃, taking out the carbon nano tube, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the pretreated carbon nano tube;
(4) Diluting commercial aqueous polyurethane with deionized water to a solid content of 40wt%, and putting 0.4 g of carbon nano tubes pretreated in the step 3 into 100 g of aqueous polyurethane solution, and obtaining an aqueous polyurethane mixed solution B containing the carbon nano tubes after ultrasonic wave fraction for 30min at 30 ℃;
(5) And (3) coating the mixed solution B on cotton fabric fixed with carbon fibers, curing for 3 hours at 80 ℃, and preparing the low-voltage heating film after curing.
(6) After 4.6 minutes of energization with a voltage of 9V, the temperature of the film reached 50 degrees or higher.
Comparative example 1 (carbon fiber was not treated with chinlon coating as compared with example 1)
(1) Selecting cotton fabric with the surface density of 120 g/square meter, cutting the cotton fabric into 15 x 15cm, cutting the uncoated carbon fiber tows 50cm, and fixing the uncoated carbon fiber tows on the cotton fabric at equal intervals in a U shape to prepare 10 x 10cm area.
(2) Preparing 2g/L sodium percarbonate aqueous solution A, slowly placing the carbon nano tube into a container containing the solution A and a magnetic stirring rotor according to a bath ratio of 1:200, stirring while placing, sealing the mouth of the container after placing, magnetically stirring for 60 minutes at a temperature of 100 ℃, taking out the carbon nano tube, washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the pretreated carbon nano tube for later use.
(3) Diluting commercial aqueous polyurethane with deionized water to a solid content of 40wt%, and putting 0.25 g of carbon nano tubes pretreated in the step 3 into 25 g of aqueous polyurethane solution, and obtaining an aqueous polyurethane mixed solution B containing the carbon nano tubes after ultrasonic wave fraction for 30min at 80 ℃;
(4) The mixed solution B is coated on cotton fabric fixed with carbon fiber, cured for 3 hours at 80 ℃, and then prepared into a low-voltage heating film,
(5) After the film was energized with a voltage of 12V for 5.33 minutes, the temperature of the film reached 60 degrees or higher.
Comparative example 2 (composite film without carbon nanotube filler compared to example 1)
(1) Coating the surface of 10 g of 12K carbon fiber monofilament bundles by using 8 g of 166.5dtex nylon fibers;
(2) Selecting cotton fabric with the surface density of 120 g/square meter, cutting the cotton fabric into 15 x 15cm, cutting the carbon fiber tows 50cm after coating, and fixing the carbon fiber tows on the cotton fabric at equal intervals in a U shape to prepare 10 x 10cm area.
(3) Diluting commercial aqueous polyurethane with deionized water to a solid content of 40wt%, and obtaining aqueous polyurethane mixed solution B after ultrasonic wave fraction for 30min at 80 ℃;
(4) The mixed solution B is coated on cotton fabric fixed with carbon fiber, cured for 3 hours at 80 ℃, and then prepared into a low-voltage heating film,
(5) After 9.67 minutes of energization with a voltage of 9V, the film temperature reached 50 degrees or higher.
Performance testing
Test conditions: the ambient temperature is 24 ℃, the upper limit of the test time is 15min, and the data are as follows
The standard deviation of the film temperature is used for representing the uniformity degree of the film electrothermal temperature, and the lower the value is, the more uniform the film electrothermal temperature is.
Test conditions: the ambient temperature is 24 ℃, the upper limit of the test time is 10min, and the data are as follows:
as is clear from the comparison between example 1 and comparative example 1, the influence of the carbon fiber coating treatment (comparative example 1) without the nylon coating treatment on the heating film is mainly reflected in the processing and heating performance, the carbon fiber is easy to be scattered and split in the spreading and particularly in the bending part, the processing is inconvenient, meanwhile, the electrothermal effect of the carbon fiber cannot be effectively concentrated, the temperature distribution is uniform, but the overall heating capacity of the film is poorer than that of the carbon fiber subjected to the coating treatment. In comparative example 1, the carbon fibers are not completely covered by the polyurethane film because the nylon is not covered by the carbon fibers, so that part of the surfaces of the carbon fibers are exposed outside the film layer (mainly concentrated at the fiber embedding position), and the temperature of the regions is higher, the heat is concentrated but cannot be transmitted to the periphery, so that the overall heating benefit of the film is poor.
As can be seen from example 1 and comparative example 2, the gain of the electrothermal effect of the carbon nanotubes on the film is mainly due to the uniformity of the film temperature: the carbon nano tube and the carbon fiber can form an electric conduction and heat conduction network in the film, so that the heating film can generate heat more uniformly.
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are common raw materials and equipment in the field unless specified otherwise; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modification, variation and equivalent transformation of the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The preparation method of the low-voltage heating film is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
(1) Pretreatment of carbon fibers: bundling and cladding the carbon fiber monofilaments by nylon fibers to obtain nylon cladding carbon fiber bundles;
(2) Fixing the nylon-coated carbon fiber bundles: uniformly fixing nylon-coated carbon fiber bundles into cotton fabrics;
(3) Immersing the carbon nano tube in sodium percarbonate aqueous solution, stirring, washing and drying to obtain a pretreated carbon nano tube;
(4) Mixing the pretreated carbon nano tube with aqueous polyurethane solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment to obtain a prefabricated liquid;
(5) Coating the prefabricated liquid in the cotton fabric fixed with the carbon fibers obtained in the step (2), and heating and curing to obtain a low-voltage heating composite film; wherein, the mass ratio of the carbon fiber monofilament to the pretreated carbon nano tube to the nylon fiber to the cotton fabric to the water-based polyurethane is 1: (0.02-0.4): (0.3-0.8): (2-10): (20-40).
2. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the nylon-coated carbon fiber bundles comprise 3000-12000 carbon fiber monofilaments.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), the specification of the nylon fiber is 77.7-166.5dtex.
4. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the surface density of the cotton fabric is 60-120 g/m 2 。
5. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the concentration of the sodium percarbonate solution is 1-2 g/L; the mass ratio of the carbon nano tube to the sodium percarbonate aqueous solution is 1:180-220, the stirring temperature is 95-100 ℃, and the stirring time is 60-120 min.
6. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the concentration of the aqueous polyurethane solution is 35-45wt%.
7. The method of claim 1 or 6, wherein: in the step (4), the ultrasonic dispersion temperature is 30-50 ℃ and the time is 30-60 min.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (5), the curing temperature is 70-80 ℃ and the curing time is 3-4h.
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CN107190510A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-09-22 西安工程大学 The preparation method of the flexible heating wire of high heat conduction based on CNT
CN107698976A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-02-16 四川大学 Prepare the bead foam process of high-performance multifunctional polymer foamed material and product
CN111196893A (en) * 2018-11-19 2020-05-26 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 Functional composite wire based on carbon fiber reinforced nylon and electric heating driving element made of functional composite wire
CN110079074A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-08-02 武汉鑫碳科技有限公司 A kind of fibre reinforced polyurethane composite material and preparation method

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