CN114956914A - Carbon nanotube/alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Nano composite burning rate catalyst - Google Patents
Carbon nanotube/alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Nano composite burning rate catalyst Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/007—Ballistic modifiers, burning rate catalysts, burning rate depressing agents, e.g. for gas generating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/06—Ferric oxide (Fe2O3)
Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon nano tube/alpha-Fe 2 O 3 A nanocomposite burn rate catalyst, the burn rate catalyst being filled and loaded with alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Carbon nanotubes or filled with alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Carbon nanotube of (2), filled and loaded with alpha-Fe 2 O 3 alpha-Fe in the carbon nanotube 2 O 3 The mass content of the alpha-Fe is 60 to 75 percent and the alpha-Fe is filled 2 O 3 alpha-Fe in the carbon nanotube 2 O 3 The mass content of the two is 30-40%, and the preparation methods of the two are as follows: adding the carbon oxide nanotube with the outer diameter of 4-80 nm and the length of 0.2-1 mu m of an opening at two ends into pure iron pentacarbonyl, performing ultrasonic treatment at 10-15 ℃ under the condition of no light shielding or light shielding, and calcining in an argon atmosphere to obtain the carbon oxide nanotube. The preparation method of the burning rate catalyst is simple, easy to amplify and prepare and good in catalytic effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid propellants, and particularly relates to a carbon nano tube/alpha-Fe 2 O 3 A nano composite burning rate catalyst.
Background
The solid propellant is a special energetic material for providing power for missiles, rockets, space flight devices and the like, in order to improve the energy release of the solid propellant and reduce the characteristic signal and the pressure index of the solid propellant, a catalyst for adjusting the burning rate of the propellant through physical or chemical action can be added, the adding amount of the burning rate catalyst is generally 1-5% of the mass fraction of the propellant, the catalyst is taken as an indispensable important component in the propellant, and the research on the burning rate catalyst is continuously carried out in recent years.
The carbon nanotube is considered as a nano material with good catalytic performance, and is widely applied to the fields of catalyst carriers, adsorbents, chemical sensors, composite material reinforcing agents and the like. Due to the size effect of the carbon nano tube and the constraint effect of the tube cavity (the diameter of the inner cavity of the carbon nano tube is a nanometer unit, and the length of the inner cavity of the carbon nano tube is a micrometer unit), the inner cavity of the carbon nano tube is used as a nano reactor to limit the filler in the tube cavity, so that the particle size of the nano particles is controlled at a nanometer level, and the problem that the nano particles are easy to agglomerate is effectively solved. In recent years, the problem of filling and supporting carbon nanotubes has been focused and studied in various fields.
Composite materials prepared by modifying transition metal oxide nanoparticles on or filling carbon nanotubes have been widely applied to cell delivery systems, wave-absorbing materials, supercapacitors and the like, but have been used in the field of combustion rate catalysis for a few studies. In 2006, preparation and characterization of Tan Fengshu et al (Tan Fengshu. Metal/oxide-carbon nanotube composite material [ D ]]Tianjin university, 2006) carbonyl iron as a precursor, and adding the carbonyl iron-filled multi-walled carbon nano-materialThe batch was heated to 180 ℃ under vacuum and stored at this temperature for 60 min. Finally, the sample was cooled to room temperature and then gradually oxidized by slowly blowing air to obtain stable magnetic maghemite (γ -Fe) 2 O 3 ) MWCNT composite material, which is uniformly modified with iron oxide nanoparticles on the inner and outer surfaces of the carbon nanotubes, while maintaining the hollow channels of the carbon nanotubes. 2016 (House Ye. carbon nanotube/metal oxide nanostructure synthesis and gas sensing characteristics research [ D ]]2016) are prepared into nano ferric oxide particles by a precipitation method and are compounded with carbon nanotubes, and the influence of different sintering temperatures on the gas sensitivity of the composite gas-sensitive material is researched. 2018, a study on the use of a carbon-based composite material (a king beautiful silk) as a negative electrode material for lithium/sodium ion batteries]University of northwest, 2018) successfully obtained CNTs filled with Fe by high-temperature thermal decomposition 3 O 4 Composite material of nanoparticles (Fe) 3 O 4 @ CNT), and the nano particles in the inner cavity of the CNTs are in a cubic shape and do not have any agglomeration phenomenon, and are used as a negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery. In 2009, Wuzhuiqing (Wuzhuiqing, preparation and characterization of embedded potassium nitrate carbon nanotubes [ D)]Nanjing university of physical engineering, 2009.) the carbon nanotubes and potassium nitrate were added to concentrated nitric acid, and the mixture was refluxed for 24 hours under an oil bath condition to obtain carbon nanotubes embedded with potassium nitrate, and the combustion catalytic performance of the carbon nanotubes themselves was tested, and the test results showed that the combustion catalytic performance of the carbon nanotubes embedded with potassium nitrate was significantly improved as compared to the carbon nanotubes themselves. Lifengsheng et al (Lifengsheng, Liuliuli force, masson's leaves, nano metal powder and Fe in 2004) 2 O 3 Study on catalytic Performance of ammonium perchlorate thermal decomposition [ J]Process engineering journal 2004,8:123- 2 O 3 the/AP composite particle is found to increase the heat release of AP by 147.9 percent; 2008 Jiangwu et al (Jiangwu, Liujian, Liuyong, etc.. Fe 2 O 3 Preparation of/CNTs composite particles and influence thereof on catalytic performance of AP thermal decomposition [ J]Solid rocket technology 2008,31(1):65-78) Fe prepared by liquid phase precipitation 2 O 3 the/CNTs composite burning rate catalyst increases the heat release of AP by 264.1 percent. At present, carbon nanotubes are mixed with metallic oxygenThe combination of compounds has become a development trend for preparing a novel catalytic material, and the limitation of the inner cavity of the carbon nano tube can provide an interesting catalytic environment for the reaction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a carbon nano tube/alpha-Fe which has simple preparation method, can be produced in large scale and has excellent catalytic performance 2 O 3 A nano composite burning rate catalyst.
Aiming at the purposes, the burning rate catalyst adopted by the invention is filled and loaded with alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Carbon nanotubes or filled alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The carbon nanotube of (2). The filling and loading alpha-Fe 2 O 3 alpha-Fe in the carbon nanotube 2 O 3 The mass content of the compound is 60-75 percent, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a carbon oxide nanotube with the outer diameter of 4-80 nm and the length of an opening at two ends of 0.2-1 mu m into pure pentacarbonyl iron, performing ultrasonic treatment at 10-15 ℃ for 10-20 hours, washing with acetone, drying the obtained precipitate in vacuum, calcining at 200-400 ℃ in an argon atmosphere for 1-3 hours to obtain a filled and loaded alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The carbon nanotube of (2). The filled alpha-Fe 2 O 3 alpha-Fe in the carbon nanotube 2 O 3 The mass content of the compound is 30-40%, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a carbon oxide nanotube with the outer diameter of 4-80 nm and the length of 0.2-1 mu m of an opening at two ends into pure pentacarbonyl iron, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-20 hours at 10-15 ℃ under a dark condition, washing with acetone, carrying out vacuum drying on the obtained precipitate, and calcining for 1-3 hours at 200-400 ℃ in an argon atmosphere to obtain the filled alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The carbon nanotube of (2).
In the preparation method, the carbon nanotube oxide is obtained by treating a carbon nanotube with the length of 10-30 μm with mixed acid, and then settling, filtering, washing and drying, wherein the mixed acid is a mixed solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1: 3.
In the preparation method, the power of ultrasonic treatment is 100-400W.
In the preparation method, the vacuum drying temperature is 30-40 ℃ and the time is 1-3 hours.
In the preparation method, the mass-volume ratio of the carbon oxide nanotube to the iron pentacarbonyl is 3-8 mg:1 mL.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can obtain the nano composite burning rate catalyst with different filling, filling and loading conditions by controlling the composite conditions of the iron pentacarbonyl and the carbon oxide nano tube. And the characteristics of the carbon nano tube such as larger specific surface area, nano-scale pore structure, complex lattice defect and the like are utilized to convert the alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The particle size of the particles is limited to the nanometer level, and the particles are uniformly and orderly coated and filled on the outer wall and the inner cavity of the carbon nanotube, so that the problems of overlarge particle size and agglomeration of the nanoparticles are effectively solved. The method has simple operation and high yield, can be used for large-scale preparation, and the obtained filling and loading alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Carbon nanotube of (2), and alpha-Fe 2 O 3 alpha-Fe in the carbon nanotube 2 O 3 The mass content of the composite material is between 60% and 75% and 30% and 40% respectively, and the composite material has the advantages of large specific surface area, capability of realizing synergistic catalysis and good catalytic effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a filled and loaded α -Fe prepared in example 1 2 O 3 Transmission electron microscopy of carbon nanotubes (c).
FIG. 2 is a filled α -Fe prepared in example 2 2 O 3 Transmission electron microscopy of carbon nanotubes (c).
FIG. 3 is a view showing that alpha-Fe supported by the catalyst prepared in comparative example 1 2 O 3 Transmission electron microscopy images of carbon nanotubes.
FIG. 4 is a filled and loaded α -Fe prepared in example 3 2 O 3 Transmission electron microscopy images of carbon nanotubes.
FIG. 5 is a filled and loaded α -Fe prepared in example 5 2 O 3 Transmission electron microscopy of carbon nanotubes (c).
FIG. 6 is a filled and loaded α -Fe prepared in example 7 2 O 3 Transmission electron microscopy images of carbon nanotubes.
FIG. 7 shows a filler prepared in example 1Charged and loaded with alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Carbon nanotubes of (3), filled α -Fe prepared in example 2 2 O 3 And the supported alpha-Fe prepared in comparative example 1 2 O 3 The powder X-ray diffraction pattern of carbon nanotubes of (1).
FIG. 8 is a pure AP and AP with 5 wt% addition of the filled and loaded α -Fe prepared in example 1, respectively 2 O 3 Carbon nanotubes of (2), filled α -Fe prepared in example 2 2 O 3 Carbon nanotube of (1), alpha-Fe supported prepared in comparative example 1 2 O 3 Carbon nanotube and alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Differential scanning calorimetry curve of (1).
FIG. 9 is a graph of pure AP and AP with 5 wt% of the filled and supported α -Fe prepared in examples 1 and 3-7, respectively 2 O 3 Differential scanning calorimetry analysis curve of carbon nanotubes.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following figures and examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
Adding 200mg of carbon nano tubes with the outer diameter of 4-6 nm into 200mL of mixed acid solution (concentrated nitric acid in volume ratio: 1:3) for ultrasonic treatment for 3 hours, then slowly adding deionized water, standing at room temperature for settling for 24 hours, pouring out the upper transparent clear liquid, repeating the operation for 3 times, carrying out suction filtration and washing on the precipitation liquid with deionized water until the precipitation liquid is neutral, transferring the black precipitation into an air-blowing drying box, and drying at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain carbon oxide nano tubes with the two ends open and the length of 0.2-1 mu m.
Adding 100mg of the carbon oxide nanotube into 20mL of pure pentacarbonyl iron, sealing at 10-15 ℃, placing in an ultrasonic cleaner, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the power of 100W for 20h, carrying out suction filtration and washing with acetone until the obtained filtrate is colorless and transparent, placing the black solid precipitate in a sand core funnel in a vacuum drying oven for drying at 40 ℃ for 2h, taking out, and calcining at 200 ℃ in argon atmosphere for 1h to obtain the filling and loading alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The yield of the carbon nanotube of (1) is 85%, wherein the alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The mass content of (A) is 65.43%.
Example 2
In the embodiment, 100mg of the carbon oxide nanotube is added into 20mL of pure iron pentacarbonyl, sealed at 10-15 ℃ in a dark place, placed in an ultrasonic cleaner, and subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 10 hours under the power of 100W, and other steps are the same as those in the embodiment 1 to obtain the filled alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The yield of the carbon nanotube of (1) is 89%, wherein the alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The mass content of (b) was 37.2%.
Comparative example 1
In the embodiment 1, 100mg of untreated carbon nanotubes with two closed ends are added into 20mL of pure iron pentacarbonyl, sealed at 30-40 ℃, placed in an ultrasonic cleaner, and ultrasonically treated for 20 hours under the power of 100W, and the other steps are the same as the embodiment 1, so that the obtained loaded alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The yield of the carbon nanotube of (1) is 88%, wherein the alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The mass content of (a) is 47.92%.
Example 3
In the present example, carbon nanotubes with equal mass and outer diameter of 5-15 nm were used to replace carbon nanotubes with outer diameter of 4-6 nm in example 1, and the other steps were the same as in example 1 to obtain the filled and loaded α -Fe 2 O 3 The yield of the carbon nanotube of (1) is 89%, wherein the alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The mass content of (b) was 67.17%.
Example 4
In the present example, carbon nanotubes with an equal mass and an outer diameter of 10 to 20nm were used in place of the carbon nanotubes with an outer diameter of 4 to 6nm in example 1, and the other steps were the same as in example 1 to obtain a filled and loaded α -Fe 2 O 3 The yield of the carbon nanotube of (1) was 86%, wherein the content of alpha-Fe was 2 O 3 The mass content of (b) is 68.86%.
Example 5
In the present example, carbon nanotubes with equal mass and outer diameter of 20-30 nm were used to replace the carbon nanotubes with outer diameter of 4-6 nm in example 1, and the other steps were the same as in example 1 to obtain the filled and loaded α -Fe 2 O 3 The yield of the carbon nanotube of (1) is 89%, wherein the alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The mass content of (b) is 61.06%.
Example 6
In the present example, carbon nanotubes with an equal mass and an outer diameter of 30 to 50nm were used in place of the carbon nanotubes with an outer diameter of 4 to 6nm in example 1, and the other steps were the same as in example 1 to obtain a filled and loaded α -Fe 2 O 3 The yield of the carbon nanotube of (3) is 90%, wherein the alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The mass content of (b) is 68.51%.
Example 7
In the present example, carbon nanotubes with an equal mass and an outer diameter of 30 to 80nm were used in place of the carbon nanotubes with an outer diameter of 4 to 6nm in example 1, and the other steps were the same as in example 1 to obtain a filled and loaded α -Fe 2 O 3 The yield of the carbon nanotube of (1) is 89%, wherein the alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The mass percentage of (B) is 70.14%.
As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 6, the samples obtained in examples 1, 3, 5 and 7 had α -Fe 2 O 3 The particles are basically spherical, evenly and orderly coated and filled on the inner and outer walls of the carbon nano tube, and the alpha-Fe loaded on the outer surface of the carbon nano tube 2 O 3 The crystal has a particle size of about 5 to 10nm and is filled with alpha-Fe in the carbon nanotube 2 O 3 The particles are made of Fe (CO) originally filled in the tube 5 Produced by high-temperature decomposition of liquid in argon atmosphere, so that alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The particle diameter of the particles is basically consistent with the diameter of the carbon nanotube under the constraint of the inner cavity of the carbon nanotube, and the larger the diameter of the inner cavity of the carbon nanotube is, the larger the alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The larger the particle size of the particles; the straighter the tube shape, alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The more uniform and orderly the distribution of the particles. Example 2 Fe (CO) due to Low temperature in the absence of light 5 The liquid can not be decomposed into iron oxide, and only the inner cavity of the carbon nanotube can contain Fe (CO) after acetone washing and suction filtration 5 Presence of liquid, Fe (CO) on the outer surface of the carbon nanotubes 5 Can be dissolved and washed clean; fe (CO) filled in carbon nanotube 5 High-temperature decomposition of liquid in argon atmosphere to generate alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Particles of alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The particle diameter of the particles is basically consistent with the diameter of the tube under the constraint of the inner cavity of the carbon nanotube, and the alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Particle is very muchAre arranged in the carbon nano tube cavity in order, even and orderly. Comparative example 1 Fe (CO) at ambient temperature 5 The light decomposition product of (2) is calcined to be converted into approximately spherical alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Particles of this alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The grain size of the crystal is about 10-20 nm, and the crystal is closely arranged around the carbon nano tube.
As can be seen from FIG. 7, the filled and loaded α -Fe prepared in example 1 2 O 3 Carbon nanotubes of (2), filled α -Fe prepared in example 2 2 O 3 And the supported alpha-Fe prepared in comparative example 1 2 O 3 In the carbon nanotube of (2), α -Fe 2 O 3 And the diffraction peak of the carbon nano tube is very obvious, and the peaks of other impurities and oxides do not exist, so that the prepared product is determined to be pure. And found α -Fe in example 2 2 O 3 The peak type of (A) is weaker than that of the carbon nanotube, presumably due to α -Fe 2 O 3 Filling in the carbon nano tube.
The samples prepared in examples 1 to 7 and comparative example 1 were added to AP respectively for catalytic performance test, and the results are shown in FIGS. 8 to 9.
As can be seen from FIG. 8, the thermal decomposition process of pure AP is divided into three stages, the first stage is the crystal form transformation of AP, the crystal is transformed from a low-temperature orthorhombic crystal form to a high-temperature cubic crystal form, and the crystal form transformation of pure AP is 246.7 ℃; the second stage is the low-temperature decomposition stage of AP, wherein the starting temperature of the low-temperature decomposition of AP in the figure is 267.2 ℃, the peak temperature of the low-temperature decomposition peak is 292.5 ℃, the low-temperature decomposition stage is a heat release process and comprises two processes of dissociation and sublimation, and the low-temperature decomposition of AP is mainly gas-solid multiphase reaction; the third stage is AP pyrolysis stage with peak temperature of 406.6 deg.C from 345.8 deg.C to 424.3 deg.C, and the main decomposition stage is AP decomposition stage of HCl and H 2 O、Cl 2 、O 2 、NO、N 2 O and NO 2 And the like volatile products. As can be seen in FIG. 8, the heat evolution of the AP is not significant throughout the process. Under the same conditions, when 5% of the additive prepared in example 1 is added to the main component AP of the solid propellantFilled and loaded with alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Carbon nanotubes of (2), filled α -Fe prepared in example 2 2 O 3 Carbon nanotube of (1), alpha-Fe supported prepared in comparative example 1 2 O 3 Carbon nanotube and alpha-Fe 2 O 3 After being used as a catalyst, example 1, comparative example 1 and pure α -Fe 2 O 3 The AP low-temperature decomposition peak is respectively moved from 292.5 ℃ to 306.9 ℃, 305.1 ℃ and 289.6 ℃, the peak temperature in the high-temperature decomposition stage is respectively reduced from 406.6 ℃ to 329.3 ℃, 332.3 ℃ and 377.1 ℃, the peak temperature is respectively reduced from 77.3 ℃, 74.3 ℃ and 29.5 ℃, the AP high-temperature decomposition peak and the AP low-temperature decomposition peak in the example 2 are basically combined into one peak and are positioned at 298.8 ℃, the AP low-temperature decomposition peak is obviously superior to the AP test result, and the promotion effect of the samples prepared in the examples 1 and 2 and the comparative example 1 on the AP thermal decomposition is more obvious; in addition, the apparent decomposition heat of AP was increased by 2286.08J/g, 2095.24J/g, 1951.48J/g and 181.78J/g, respectively. It can be seen that the addition of the filled and loaded α -Fe prepared in example 1 compared to the decomposition process of pure AP 2 O 3 Carbon nanotubes of (2), filled α -Fe prepared in example 2 2 O 3 Carbon nanotube of (1), alpha-Fe supported prepared in comparative example 1 2 O 3 After the carbon nano tube is prepared, the decomposition stage of AP presents a centralized heat release phenomenon, the high-temperature decomposition peak temperature of AP thermal decomposition obviously moves to the left, the low-temperature decomposition peak moves to the right, and the heat released by the system is greatly increased compared with pure AP. alpha-Fe Supported prepared in comparative example 1 2 O 3 The heat release of the carbon nano tube is increased by 261.4 percent compared with that of pure AP, and Fe prepared by the liquid phase precipitation method of Jiangwu et al 2 O 3 The CNTs composite burning rate catalyst increases the heat release of AP by 264.1 percent and is basically equivalent, while the filling and loading alpha-Fe prepared in the invention example 1 2 O 3 And the filled alpha-Fe prepared in example 2 2 O 3 The exothermic quantity of the carbon nano tube is respectively increased by 306.2 percent and 280.7 percent compared with that of pure AP, which shows that the carbon nano tube prepared by the invention is filled/loaded with alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The nanocomposite material has good combustion catalysis effect on thermal decomposition of AP, wherein the carbon nanotube prepared in example 1 is filled and loaded with alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Catalytic effect of nano composite material on AP thermal decompositionThe best result is obtained.
As can be seen from FIG. 9, under the same conditions, when 5% of the filled and loaded alpha-Fe prepared in example 1 and examples 3-7 is added to the main component AP of the solid propellant 2 O 3 The peak temperatures of the AP pyrolysis stage were reduced from 406.6 ℃ to 329.3 ℃, 331.9 ℃, 320.6 ℃, 320.8 ℃, 323.8 ℃ and 338.9 ℃ respectively after the carbon nanotubes of (1) were used as a catalyst, and the peak temperatures were reduced by 77.3 ℃, 74.7 ℃, 86.0 ℃, 85.8 ℃, 82.8 ℃ and 67.7 ℃ respectively, which are significantly higher than the test results of AP itself, and thus, it is demonstrated that the filled and loaded alpha-Fe prepared in examples 1 and 3 to 7 are significantly higher than the test results of AP itself 2 O 3 The carbon nano tube has obvious promotion effect on AP thermal decomposition; in addition, the apparent decomposition heats of AP were increased by 2286.08J/g, 2090.10J/g, 2009.76J/g, 1932.84J/g, 2032.56J/g and 1647.26J/g, respectively, and thus it was found that the carbon nanotubes were filled and loaded with α -Fe 2 O 3 Then, the catalytic effect of the thermal decomposition combustion on the AP is related to the pipe diameter of the carbon nano tube, and the smaller the pipe diameter is, the alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The smaller the particle size, the better the catalytic effect. Illustrating the filled and loaded alpha-Fe prepared in accordance with the present invention 2 O 3 The carbon nano tube nano composite burning rate catalyst has good burning catalysis effect on the thermal decomposition of AP.
Claims (5)
1. Carbon nano tube/alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The nano composite burning rate catalyst is characterized in that: the burning rate catalyst is filled and loaded with alpha-Fe 2 O 3 Carbon nanotubes or filled alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The carbon nanotube of (2);
the filling and loading of alpha-Fe 2 O 3 alpha-Fe in the carbon nanotube 2 O 3 The mass content of the compound is 60-75 percent, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a carbon oxide nanotube with the outer diameter of 4-80 nm and the length of 0.2-1 mu m of an opening at two ends into pure iron pentacarbonyl, performing ultrasonic treatment at 10-15 ℃ for 10-20 hours, washing with acetone, drying the obtained precipitate in vacuum, and calcining at 200-400 ℃ in argon atmosphere for 1-3 hours to obtain filled and loaded alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The carbon nanotube of (2);
the filled alpha-Fe 2 O 3 alpha-Fe in the carbon nanotube 2 O 3 The mass content of the compound is 30-40%, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a carbon oxide nanotube with the outer diameter of 4-80 nm and the length of 0.2-1 mu m of an opening at two ends into pure iron pentacarbonyl, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-20 hours at 10-15 ℃ under a dark condition, washing with acetone, carrying out vacuum drying on the obtained precipitate, and calcining for 1-3 hours at 200-400 ℃ in an argon atmosphere to obtain the filled alpha-Fe 2 O 3 The carbon nanotube of (2).
2. The carbon nanotube/α -Fe of claim 1 2 O 3 The nano composite burning rate catalyst is characterized in that: the carbon nanotube oxide is obtained by treating a carbon nanotube with the length of 10-30 mu m through mixed acid, and then performing sedimentation, suction filtration, washing and drying, wherein the mixed acid is a mixed solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1: 3.
3. The carbon nanotube/α -Fe of claim 1 2 O 3 The nano composite burning rate catalyst is characterized in that: the power of ultrasonic treatment is 100-400W.
4. The carbon nanotube/α -Fe of claim 1 2 O 3 The nano composite burning rate catalyst is characterized in that: the temperature of vacuum drying is 30-40 ℃, and the time is 1-3 hours.
5. The carbon nanotube/α -Fe of claim 1 2 O 3 The nano composite burning rate catalyst is characterized in that: the mass-volume ratio of the carbon oxide nanotube to the iron pentacarbonyl is 3-8 mg:1 mL.
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