CN114951784B - Major-diameter side wall groove forming cutter for aluminum die castings and machining process - Google Patents
Major-diameter side wall groove forming cutter for aluminum die castings and machining process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114951784B CN114951784B CN202210901919.2A CN202210901919A CN114951784B CN 114951784 B CN114951784 B CN 114951784B CN 202210901919 A CN202210901919 A CN 202210901919A CN 114951784 B CN114951784 B CN 114951784B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/12—Cutters specially designed for producing particular profiles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
- B23C3/28—Grooving workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/24—Overall form of the milling cutter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/24—Overall form of the milling cutter
- B23C2210/242—Form tools, i.e. cutting edges profiles to generate a particular form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-diameter side wall groove forming cutter for aluminum die castings and a machining process of the large-diameter side wall groove forming cutter, wherein the large-diameter side wall groove forming cutter comprises a cutter handle and a cutter seat coaxially arranged on one end face of the cutter handle, a first grooving part and a second grooving part which extend and protrude along the axial direction of the cutter handle are respectively arranged at two ends of the cutter seat, and the first grooving part and the second grooving part are arranged around the axial center line of the cutter handle in a central symmetry manner; first slot cutting portion and second slot cutting portion all include circular arc thin wall portion, the first chip removal that sets up along circular arc thin wall portion's circular arc direction leads to the groove and the second chip removal leads to the groove and the circular arc thin wall portion inside wall on lie in the blade installation boss that first chip removal leads to the groove and the groove is led to the second chip removal, blade installation boss install the blade towards the one end that first chip removal leads to the groove. The invention can solve the technical problem that the T-shaped milling cutter and the sleeve cutter in the prior art can not efficiently process the sealing groove in the concave part of the end face of the large-diameter aluminum die casting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aluminum die casting machining, in particular to a large-diameter side wall groove forming cutter for an aluminum die casting and a machining process.
Background
In the subsequent processing of die castings, grooving processing is often required on the outer side wall of the die castings, most of the existing processing methods are grooving processing by adopting a common T-shaped milling cutter around the outer side of the die castings for one circle, the T-shaped milling cutter is often small in cutter handle diameter, so that the rigidity of the whole cutter is weak, the processing size is unstable, the processing size is stabilized by multiple milling, the processing path is long, multiple milling can bring long processing time, the processing efficiency is low, and particularly, the processing path is longer for processing large-diameter aluminum die castings (such as new energy vehicle motor housings). In addition, for the large-diameter aluminum die casting of the motor shell of the new energy vehicle, a groove of a side wall needing to be machined is a sealing groove, the sealing groove is located on the inner side wall of an inner concave part of the end face of the sealing groove, and an ordinary T-shaped milling cutter cannot extend into the inner concave part to machine the sealing groove.
At present, a set cutter is also adopted for processing the outer wall of a workpiece, for example, an outer circle forming slotting cutter with the publication number of CN 214185287U, the cutting part of the outer circle forming slotting cutter is circular, and four blades are arranged on the inner side of the cutting part, but in order to ensure the cutting stability of the outer circle forming slotting cutter, the diameter of the cutting part cannot be large, and the wall thickness of the cutting part needs to be thick, so that the outer circle forming slotting cutter can only be used for slotting the outer side of an aluminum die casting with a small diameter, and the cutting part cannot extend into the inner concave part of the end face of the aluminum die casting to process a sealing groove, so that the outer circle forming slotting cutter and the processing technology which can efficiently process the sealing groove in the inner concave part of the end face of the aluminum die casting with a large diameter are required at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a large-diameter side wall groove forming cutter for an aluminum die casting and a machining process, and solves the technical problem that a T-shaped milling cutter and a sleeve cutter in the prior art cannot efficiently machine a sealing groove in an inner concave part of an end face of the large-diameter aluminum die casting.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a large-diameter side wall groove forming cutter for aluminum die castings comprises a cutter handle and a cutter holder coaxially arranged on one end face of the cutter handle, wherein a first grooving part and a second grooving part which extend and protrude along the axial direction of the cutter handle are respectively arranged at two ends of the cutter holder, and the first grooving part and the second grooving part are arranged around the axial center line of the cutter handle in a central symmetry manner; the first grooving part and the second grooving part respectively comprise an arc thin-wall part, a first chip discharging through groove and a second chip discharging through groove which are arranged along the arc direction of the arc thin-wall part, and a blade mounting boss which is arranged on the inner side wall of the arc thin-wall part and is positioned between the first chip discharging through groove and the second chip discharging through groove, wherein a blade is mounted at one end, facing the first chip discharging through groove, of the blade mounting boss, the central angle of the arc thin-wall part is not less than 60 degrees, the main body part of the forming cutter is a cutter handle and a cutter seat, the first grooving part, the second grooving part and the cutter seat are of an integrated structure, the main bodies of the first grooving part and the second grooving part are arc thin-wall parts, the arc thin-wall parts are seen as a section of arc from the axial direction of the cutter handle, can extend into the concave part of the end face of the large-diameter aluminum die-casting piece, can also have redundant movable space in the concave part, and can move in the limited space of the concave part, the blade mounted on the blade mounting boss is used for processing and cutting a sealing groove on the inner side wall of a concave part in the end face of a large-diameter aluminum die casting, the first chip removal through groove is arranged at the front end of the blade along the cutting direction, the second chip removal through groove is arranged at the rear side of the blade, the first chip removal through groove is used for discharging most of metal chips generated in cutting to the outer side of the arc thin-wall part, the second chip removal through groove can quickly discharge the metal chips leaked from the position between the blade and the cutting part, the metal chips are effectively prevented from being gathered in a narrow sealing groove to influence the processing precision, in addition, the first chip removal through groove and the second chip removal through groove are not gaps but are windows in structures, the blade mounting boss is equivalent to the position mounted between the two windows, and the strength of the mounting position of the blade mounting boss can meet the requirement of stable cutting, vibration can be reduced for cutting of large-diameter aluminum die castings, and the requirement of rapid chip removal of the inner concave part inner groove can be met.
The central angle of the arc thin wall part is not less than 60 degrees, so that the overall strength of the arc thin wall part is improved, and the cutting of the large-diameter aluminum die casting is realized, so that the distance between the first cutting groove part and the second cutting groove part is relatively large, the arc length of the arc thin wall part meets the cutting strength requirement for supporting the blade, and the structures of the arc thin wall part, the first chip removal through groove, the second chip removal through groove, the blade and the blade mounting boss are combined with one another to form a cutting groove part which has enough strength and can meet the requirement for cutting in the concave part on the end face of the large-diameter aluminum die casting, so that the technical problem that a T-shaped milling cutter and a sleeve cutter in the prior art cannot efficiently process the sealing groove in the concave part on the end face of the large-diameter aluminum die casting is solved.
Preferably, the length that leads to groove of first chip removal is greater than the length that the groove was led to the second chip removal, the chip removal volume that the groove was led to first chip removal is greater than the groove chip removal volume that leads to the second chip removal, and the metal fillings that pass in the groove of first chip removal often can be the strip structure in addition, the length that the groove was led to the first chip removal makes banding metal fillings it can pass smoothly.
As preferred, blade installation boss be the wedge, blade installation boss's afterbody be the point form and stretch into the logical inslot of second chip removal, the logical groove one end of keeping away from blade installation boss of second chip removal be provided with the parallel chip removal inclined plane of afterbody, wedge-shaped blade installation boss can lead to the position of second chip removal through groove fast with the metal fillings that spill between blade and the cutting position, the afterbody extends to the logical inslot of second chip removal, the tip is close the chip removal inclined plane as far as possible, let the metal fillings rotate under inertial effect from afterbody and chip removal inclined plane formation chip removal passageway and discharge fast.
Preferably, the tool apron consists of two split tool apron bodies which are symmetrically arranged, the first grooving part and the second grooving part are respectively arranged at the end parts of the two split tool apron bodies, and the first grooving part and the second grooving part are integrally formed with the corresponding split tool apron bodies, so that the manufacturing difficulty of the tool apron can be reduced, the large distance arrangement between the first grooving part and the second grooving part can be realized, the grooving requirement of large-diameter aluminum die-cast parts is met, and the integral strength of the first grooving part and the second grooving part can be ensured by integrally forming the first grooving part and the corresponding split tool apron bodies.
Preferably, a guide groove is formed in the middle of the end face of the cutter handle, a guide boss embedded into the guide groove is arranged on the end face, facing the cutter handle, of the split cutter holder, the split cutter holder can be quickly positioned in the installation process through the embedding of the guide groove and the guide boss, and the distance between the two split cutter holders can be adjusted through the relative transverse movement of the guide groove and the guide boss, so that the distance between the first grooving part and the second grooving part is adjusted, and the forming cutter can adapt to large-diameter aluminum die castings with different diameters.
Preferably, a reinforcing part with gradually increased wall thickness is arranged at the connecting position between the arc thin wall part and the tool apron, reinforcing convex ribs are arranged on the inner side wall and/or the outer side wall of the arc thin wall part along the arc direction of the arc thin wall part, the reinforcing part is used as the position for connecting the arc thin wall part and the tool apron and is of an integrally formed structure with the arc thin wall part and the tool apron, the root part of the arc thin wall part has higher strength due to the gradually increased wall thickness of the reinforcing part, the problem of root fracture cannot occur during cutting, meanwhile, the outer side of the upper part of the arc thin wall part is made to be a conical surface due to the gradually increased wall thickness of the reinforcing part, external cutting fluid can enter the inner concave part of the end part of the large-diameter aluminum die casting part along the conical surface, and metal scraps can be discharged to the outer side of the large-diameter aluminum die casting part along the conical surface when the tool rotates, so that the metal scraps are prevented from being blocked by the tool apron.
Preferably, the blade comprises a cuboid main body and chamfer parts symmetrically arranged on two sides of the cuboid main body, the chamfer parts are arranged closely to the arc thin-wall parts, the end faces of the chamfer parts are flush with the end faces of the cuboid main body, the cuboid main body is used for cutting and machining the annular groove, the edge mouths on two sides of the annular groove can be chamfered through the chamfer parts at the final stage of machining of the annular groove, a second chamfering process is omitted, and the chamfering tool is difficult to extend into the inner concave part of the end part of the large-diameter aluminum die casting for machining.
In a second aspect, the invention also relates to a processing technology of the large-diameter side wall groove of the aluminum die casting, which uses the forming cutter as described in the first aspect, and comprises the following specific steps:
s: measuring the distance between the blades at two sides and the distance between the blades and the center of the tool holder by using a tool setting gauge, loading the formed tool into a tool magazine, and measuring the tool setting gauge to meet the requirement on cutting precision;
s: aligning the center of the cutter handle with the arc center of the aluminum die casting, simultaneously inserting the first grooving part and the second grooving part into the inner concave part on the end face of the aluminum die casting, and reserving gaps between the first grooving part and the second grooving part and the side wall of the inner concave part on the end face of the aluminum die casting during insertion;
s3, offsetting the center of the cutter handle and the arc center of the aluminum die casting to enable the first grooving part or the second grooving part to contact the processing side face of the aluminum die casting;
s4: the forming cutter starts to rotate, the center of the cutter handle moves around a track concentric with the arc center of the aluminum die casting, the first grooving part and the second grooving part sequentially and alternately cut the inner side wall of the inner concave part on the end face of the aluminum die casting while the cutter handle moves, the cutting depth of the first grooving part and the cutting depth of the second grooving part are not more than 0.5mm, the first grooving part and the second grooving part can cut off a layer of grooving allowance when the center of the cutter handle surrounds one circle, the cutting depth is not more than 0.5mm and is better calculated when the center of the cutter handle moves along with the movement of the center of the cutter handle, the processing efficiency can be improved to the maximum extent when the center of the cutter handle moves around a plurality of circles, and the size of each circle is different when the center of the cutter handle moves around a plurality of circles;
s5: after cutting, the center of the cutter handle is aligned with the arc center of the aluminum die casting, the cutter is withdrawn, and the aluminum die casting is not collided when the cutter is withdrawn.
Wherein, the orbit in step S4 includes plane helix and the first circular trajectory line that is located plane helix center and tangent with plane helix inner end, the spiral interval between the spiral of plane helix be not more than 0.5mm, the plane helix makes the cutting direction and the position of first kerve portion and second kerve portion all relatively stable, great change can not take place for angle and depth of cut, and last first circular trajectory line can be walked at least 2 circles in addition, makes the precision of internal cutting groove higher, and can also fully chamfer through chamfer portion.
The track in the step S4 comprises a plurality of concentric second circular track lines, the adjacent second circular track lines are connected through a transition straight line arranged in a tangential direction to form a continuous track, the second circular track line positioned on the innermost side can also go at least 2 circles, so that the precision of the inner cutting groove is higher, and the inner cutting groove can be fully chamfered through a chamfering part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the cutter holder is provided with a first grooving part and a second grooving part, the distance between the first grooving part and the second grooving part can be made larger, the structures of the first grooving part and the second grooving part are mutually combined through the structures of the arc thin-wall part, the first chip removal through groove, the second chip removal through groove, the blade and the blade mounting boss to have enough strength, and the inner grooving of the concave part in the end face of the large-diameter aluminum die casting can be met, so that the technical problem that a T-shaped milling cutter and a sleeve cutter in the prior art cannot efficiently process the sealing groove in the concave part in the end face of the large-diameter aluminum die casting is solved; and the tool handle can realize the alternate cutting of the first grooving part and the second grooving part through the movement of a specific track, the tool feeding path is reduced compared with that of a T-shaped milling tool under the same processing condition, the repeated processing is reduced, the processing efficiency is improved by 250%, the size precision is improved to 1.6 from CPK1.2, the service life of the tool is prolonged by two times, and the tool abrasion can be finely adjusted for repeated use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the structure of FIG. 3 along line B-B;
fig. 5 is a chip removal schematic of the first and second kerf portions of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a blade of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a blade of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the alternating cutting position of the first and second kerf portions of the invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of a variation of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the trace B;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the trace B;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a forming tool according to the present invention in a machining state;
FIG. 13 is a sectional view in the direction C-C in FIG. 12.
Reference numerals:
1. the tool holder comprises a tool handle body 11, a chip removal inclined surface 12, a reinforcing part 13, an arc thin-wall part 14, a high-strength screw 15, a guide groove 16, a guide boss 2, a tool holder 21, a split tool holder 22, an inclined hole 3, a first chip removal part 4, a second chip removal part 5, a first chip removal through groove 6, a second chip removal through groove 7, a blade 71, a cuboid main body 72, a chamfer part 73, an inclined surface 8, a blade mounting boss 9, a reinforcing convex rib 10, a tail part B, a track B1, a plane spiral line B2, a second circular track line B3, a transition straight line B4, a first circular track line c and a spiral line space.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-13, the invention provides the following technical solutions to solve the technical problem that neither a T-shaped milling cutter nor a sleeve cutter in the prior art can efficiently process a sealing groove in an inner concave portion of an end face of a large-diameter aluminum die casting: a large-diameter side wall groove forming cutter for aluminum die castings comprises a cutter handle 1 and a cutter holder 2 coaxially arranged on one end face of the cutter handle 1, wherein a first grooving part 3 and a second grooving part 4 which extend and protrude along the axial direction of the cutter handle 1 are respectively arranged at two ends of the cutter holder 2, and the first grooving part 3 and the second grooving part 4 are symmetrically arranged around the axial center line of the cutter handle 1; the first grooving part 3 and the second grooving part 4 respectively comprise an arc thin-wall part 13, a first chip removal through groove 5 and a second chip removal through groove 6 which are arranged along the arc direction of the arc thin-wall part 13, and a blade mounting boss 8 which is arranged on the inner side wall of the arc thin-wall part 13 and is positioned between the first chip removal through groove 5 and the second chip removal through groove 6, wherein the blade mounting boss 8 is provided with a blade 7 towards one end of the first chip removal through groove 5, the central angle of the arc thin-wall part 13 is not less than 60 degrees, the main body part of the forming cutter is a cutter handle 1 and a cutter holder 2, the first grooving part 3, the second grooving part 4 and the cutter holder 2 are of an integrated structure, the main bodies of the first grooving part 3 and the second grooving part 4 are the arc thin-wall part 13, the arc thin-wall part 13 is a circular arc when viewed from the axial direction of the cutter handle 1, can extend into the concave part of the end surface of the large-diameter aluminum die casting piece, and can also have redundant movable space in the concave part, the blade 7 arranged on the blade mounting boss 8 is used for processing and cutting a sealing groove on the inner side wall of the concave part in the end face of the large-diameter aluminum die casting, the first chip removal through groove 5 is arranged at the front end of the blade 7 along the cutting direction, the second chip removal through groove 6 is arranged at the rear side of the blade 7, the first chip removal through groove 5 is used for discharging most of metal chips generated in cutting to the outer side of the arc thin-wall part 13, the second chip removal through groove 6 can quickly discharge the metal chips leaked from between the blade 7 and the cutting part, the metal chips are effectively prevented from being gathered in a narrow sealing groove to influence the processing precision, in addition, the first chip removal through groove 5 and the second chip removal through groove 6 are not gaps but windows, the blade mounting boss 8 is equivalent to the position arranged between the two windows, and the strength of the mounting position of the blade mounting boss 8 can meet the requirement of stable cutting, the vibration can be reduced for cutting the large-diameter aluminum die casting, and the requirement of rapid chip removal of the internal concave part internal cutting groove can be met.
The central angle of the arc thin-wall part 13 is not less than 60 degrees so as to improve the overall strength of the arc thin-wall part 13, and because the large-diameter aluminum die casting is cut, the distance between the first grooving part 3 and the second grooving part 4 is relatively large, the arc length of the arc thin-wall part 13 meets the cutting strength requirement for supporting the blade 7, and the structures of the arc thin-wall part 13, the first chip removal through groove 5, the second chip removal through groove 6, the blade 7 and the blade mounting boss 8 are combined with one another to form a grooving part which has enough strength and can meet the requirement of the inner grooving of the inner concave part of the end face of the large-diameter aluminum die casting, so that the technical problem that the T-shaped milling cutter and the sleeve cutter in the prior art cannot efficiently process the inner concave part of the end face of the large-diameter aluminum die casting is solved.
Specifically, both ends of the first slot part 3 and the second slot part 4 extend to the side walls of the two sides of the tool apron 2, the side walls of the two sides of the tool apron 2 are flat surfaces, so that the tool apron 2 is light in weight, and the center of the tool apron 2 is aligned with the center of the tool holder 1, wherein, as shown in fig. 12-13, the thickness of the arc thin-wall part 13 can be 3-5mm, and the arc thin-wall part can extend into the inner concave part of the end face of the major-diameter aluminum die casting part to process the inner slot.
As a specific embodiment of the tool holder 2, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the tool holder 2 is composed of two split tool holders 21 symmetrically arranged, the first grooving portion 3 and the second grooving portion 4 are respectively arranged at the end portions of the two split tool holders 21, and the first grooving portion 3 and the second grooving portion 4 are integrally formed with the corresponding split tool holders 21, so that the split tool holder 21 can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the tool holder 2, and can realize the large distance arrangement between the first grooving portion 3 and the second grooving portion 4, thereby meeting the grooving requirement of a large-diameter aluminum die casting, and the first grooving portion 3 and the corresponding split tool holder 21 are integrally formed, so that the overall strength of the first grooving portion 3 and the second grooving portion 4 can be ensured, and the split tool holder 21 is connected with the tool holder 1 through at least two high-strength screws 14, and measures such as adding a gasket, adding a cotter pin, or adopting a check screw for connection can be provided on the high-strength screw 14. Additionally, a plurality of inclined holes 22 may be provided along the edges at the upper sides of the two ends of the split tool holder 21, the lower ends of the inclined holes 22 extend to the inner positions of the first and second grooving portions 3, 4, and the cutting fluid may enter the inner sides of the first and second grooving portions 3, 4 and flow into the cutting position during cutting, thereby improving the cutting efficiency and accuracy. The distance between the split tool holders 21 can be adjusted in a fine adjustment mode, and the moving distance of the split tool holders 21 can be set to be small, so that fine adjustment compensation can be performed after the blades 7 are abraded.
As a further improvement of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a guide groove 15 is centrally disposed on the end surface of the holder 1, a guide boss 16 embedded into the guide groove 15 is disposed on the end surface of the split holder 21 facing the holder 1, the embedding of the guide groove 15 and the guide boss 16 can quickly position the installation of the split holder 21, and the distance between the two split holders 21 can be adjusted by the relative lateral movement of the guide groove 15 and the guide boss 16, so as to adjust the distance between the first grooving part 3 and the second grooving part 4, so that the forming tool can adapt to large-diameter aluminum die castings with different diameters.
As a specific structure that first chip removal leads to groove 5 and second chip removal and leads to groove 6, as shown in fig. 4-5, the length that leads to groove 5 of first chip removal be greater than the length that leads to groove 6 of second chip removal, the chip removal volume that leads to groove 5 of first chip removal is greater than the groove 6 chip removal volume of second chip removal, and the metal bits that pass in the groove 5 of first chip removal often can be the strip structure, the length that leads to groove 5 of first chip removal makes banding metal bits it can pass smoothly, wherein the groove 6 is rectangular shape for leading to groove 5 of first chip removal and second chip removal, its width slightly is greater than the width of blade 7, can satisfy the needs of chip removal under the circumstances of guaranteeing circular arc thin wall portion 13 intensity like this, specifically, the length ratio that the groove 5 is led to groove 5 of first chip removal and the groove 6 of second chip removal can set up to 2 most rationally, carry out geometric amplification according to different sizes.
In this embodiment, as a specific embodiment of blade installation boss 8, blade installation boss 8 be the wedge, tail portion 10 of blade installation boss 8 be the point form and stretch into the logical groove 6 of second chip removal, the logical groove 6 one end of keeping away from blade installation boss 8 of second chip removal be provided with the chip removal inclined plane 11 parallel with afterbody 10, wedge-shaped blade installation boss 8 can lead to the position of the logical groove 6 of second chip removal fast with the metal fillings that spill between blade 7 and the cutting position, afterbody 10 extends to in the logical groove 6 of second chip removal, the tip is close to chip removal inclined plane 11 as far as possible, let the metal fillings rotate inertial effect down and form the chip removal passageway from afterbody 10 and chip removal inclined plane 11 fast and discharge.
In order to further strengthen the connection of the arc thin-wall part 13, as shown in fig. 1-4, a reinforcing part 12 with gradually increased wall thickness is arranged at the connection position between the arc thin-wall part 13 and the tool holder 2, a reinforcing convex rib 9 is arranged on the inner side wall and/or the outer side wall of the arc thin-wall part 13 along the arc direction, the reinforcing part 12 is used as the position for connecting the arc thin-wall part 13 and the tool holder 2, and is of an integral structure with the arc thin-wall part 13 and the tool holder 2, the root of the arc thin-wall part 13 can have greater strength due to the gradually increased wall thickness of the reinforcing part 12, the problem of root fracture can not occur during cutting, meanwhile, the reinforcing part 12 with gradually increased wall thickness enables the upper outer side of the arc thin-wall part 13 to be in a conical surface, external cutting fluid can enter the inner concave part of the end part of the large-diameter aluminum die casting along the conical surface, and metal scraps can be discharged to the outer side of the large-diameter aluminum die casting along the conical surface when the tool rotates, and the tool holder 2 is prevented from being blocked.
As a specific example of the insert 7, as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the insert 7 may be made of a diamond material and has a good cutting force and a long life, the insert 7 includes a rectangular parallelepiped body 71 and chamfer parts 72 symmetrically disposed at both sides of the rectangular parallelepiped body 71, the chamfer parts 72 are disposed closely to the arc thin wall part 13, and an end surface of the chamfer part 72 is flush with an end surface of the rectangular parallelepiped body 71, the rectangular parallelepiped body 71 functions to cut an annular groove, both side edges of the annular groove may be chamfered by the chamfer parts 72 at a final stage of the processing of the annular groove, a second chamfering process is omitted, and the chamfer tool is difficult to extend into an inner recess of an end part of a large-diameter aluminum die-cast part for processing, wherein the chamfer part 72 is a triangular cone having a front end surface flush with the end surface of the rectangular parallelepiped body 71, an outer side thereof is provided with a slope surface 73, the slope surface 73 forms a guide surface with both side walls of the rectangular parallelepiped body 71, and the metal chips generated by cutting are guided to a rear side of the insert 7, and a bottom of the rectangular parallelepiped body 72 is also flush with a thin chamfer part 13.
Working process example 1:
the forming tool according to the first aspect is used, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1: the distance between the blades 7 on the two sides and the distance between the blades 7 and the center of the tool holder 1 are measured by using a tool setting gauge, the forming tool is arranged in a tool magazine, the tool setting gauge can meet the requirement on cutting precision after measurement, and a machining center is generally adopted for using the forming tool;
s2: the center of the tool shank 1 is aligned with the arc center of an aluminum die casting, the first slot cutting part 3 and the second slot cutting part 4 are simultaneously inserted into the inner concave part on the end face of the aluminum die casting, and gaps are reserved between the first slot cutting part 3 and the second slot cutting part 4 and the side wall of the inner concave part on the end face of the aluminum die casting when the first slot cutting part 3 and the second slot cutting part 4 are inserted, so that when a new energy automobile motor shell is machined, the width of the inner concave part on the end face is generally 10-15mm, and the thickness of the first slot cutting part 3 and the thickness of the second slot cutting part 4 are 3-5mm, the inner concave part can be placed into the inner concave part for machining the aluminum die casting, and meanwhile, a reasonable space is reserved for the moving track of the tool shank 1;
s3, offsetting the center of the tool holder 1 and the arc center of the aluminum die casting to enable the first slot cutting part 3 or the second slot cutting part 4 to contact the processing side face of the aluminum die casting, so that the first tool can cut the side wall of the aluminum die casting at a tangential angle during cutting;
s4: the forming cutter starts to rotate, the center of the cutter handle 1 moves around a track B concentric with the arc center of the aluminum die casting, the first grooving part 3 and the second grooving part 4 sequentially and alternately cut the inner side wall of an inner concave part on the end face of the aluminum die casting while the cutter handle 1 moves, the cutting depth of the first grooving part 3 and the cutting depth of the second grooving part 4 are not more than 0.5mm, the first grooving part 3 and the second grooving part 4 can cut off a layer of grooving allowance when the center of the cutter handle 1 circles around, in order to guarantee the service life of the first grooving part 3 and the second grooving part 4 and guarantee the cutting precision, the cutting depth does not exceed 0.5mm each time, 0.5mm is not well calculated, and the machining efficiency can be improved to the maximum extent under the condition that the service life of the cutter handle is guaranteed, the inner grooving of the cutter handle is required to be machined, and the size of each circle of the center of the cutter handle 1 needs to move around for a plurality of circles;
specifically, as seen in fig. 8 to 9, when the first grooving section 3 cuts the aluminum die-cast part, the second grooving section 4 does not contact the aluminum die-cast part, but the shank 1 is rotated without stopping, so if the shank 1 is not moved, the second grooving section 4 is rotated to a position where the first grooving section 3 has been cut when the first grooving section 3 has been separated from the aluminum die-cast part by cutting, and if the shank 1 is moved along the trajectory B in the process, the position where the second grooving section 4 has been cut is different from the first grooving section 3, and is advanced a little along the cutting position before the first grooving section 3, the advance feed amount being related to the moving speed of the shank 1.
S5: after cutting, the center of the cutter handle 1 is aligned with the arc center of the aluminum die casting, the cutter is withdrawn, and the aluminum die casting is not collided when the cutter is withdrawn.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the trajectory B in step S4 includes a planar spiral B1 and a first circular trajectory B4 located at the center of the planar spiral B1 and tangent to the inner end of the planar spiral B1, the spiral pitch c between the spirals of the planar spiral B1 is not greater than 0.5mm, the planar spiral B1 makes the cutting direction and position of the first and second grooving portions 3 and 4 relatively stable, the angle and the cutting depth do not change relatively greatly, and the last first circular trajectory B4 can go up at least 2 times, so that the accuracy of the inner grooving is higher, and the inner grooving can be fully chamfered through the chamfer portion 72.
Working process example 2:
steps S1-3 and S5 are the same as process example 1, except that trace B in step S4 is different.
As shown in fig. 11, the trace B in step S4 includes a plurality of concentric second circular trace lines B2, adjacent second circular trace lines B2 are connected by a transition straight line B3 arranged tangentially to form a continuous trace B, and the innermost second circular trace line B2 can also go at least 2 times, so that the accuracy of the undercut groove is higher, and the chamfer 72 can be used for sufficient chamfering.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used for explaining the relative position relationship between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), the motion situation, and the like, and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "connected", "fixed", and the like are to be understood broadly, for example, "fixed" may be fixedly connected, may be detachably connected, or may be integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of the technical solutions by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory to each other or cannot be realized, such a combination of the technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A major diameter side wall groove forming tool for aluminum die castings, comprising:
handle of a knife (1) and coaxial setting are in blade holder (2) on handle of a knife (1) one end terminal surface, its characterized in that: the tool rest is characterized in that a first cutting groove part (3) and a second cutting groove part (4) which extend and protrude along the axial direction of the tool holder (1) are respectively arranged at two ends of the tool rest (2), and the first cutting groove part (3) and the second cutting groove part (4) are arranged around the axial center line of the tool holder (1) in a central symmetry manner;
first slot part (3) and second slot part (4) all include circular arc thin wall portion (13), first chip removal that the circular arc direction along circular arc thin wall portion (13) set up leads to groove (5) and second chip removal and leads to groove (6) and circular arc thin wall portion (13) inside wall on lie in first chip removal and lead to groove (5) and second chip removal blade installation boss (8) between groove (6), blade installation boss (8) install blade (7) towards the one end that first chip removal led to groove (5), the central angle of circular arc thin wall portion (13) be not less than 60, blade installation boss (8) be the wedge, afterbody (10) of blade installation boss (8) be the point form and stretch into second chip removal and lead to groove (6), the second lead to groove (6) keep away from the one end of blade installation boss (8) and be provided with afterbody (10) parallel chip removal inclined plane (11), the position of being connected between circular arc thin wall portion (13) and blade holder (2) be provided with chip removal inclined plane (12) and the rectangle rib (71) of strengthening gradually on the circular arc thin wall portion (13) and the circular arc thin wall portion (71) outside wall portion (7) and the symmetry direction of strengthening the circular arc main part (71), the chamfer part (72) is arranged closely to the arc thin wall part (13), and the end face of the chamfer part (72) is flush with the end face of the cuboid-shaped main body (71).
2. The large diameter side wall groove forming tool of aluminum die casting as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the length of the first chip removal through groove (5) is greater than that of the second chip removal through groove (6).
3. The large diameter side wall groove forming tool of aluminum die casting according to claim 1, wherein: the tool apron (2) is composed of two split tool apron (21) which are symmetrically arranged, the first slot cutting part (3) and the second slot cutting part (4) are respectively arranged at the end parts of the two split tool apron (21), and the first slot cutting part (3) and the second slot cutting part (4) are integrally formed with the corresponding split tool apron (21).
4. The large diameter side wall groove forming tool of aluminum die casting according to claim 3, wherein: a guide groove (15) is formed in the middle of the end face of the cutter handle (1), and a guide boss (16) embedded into the guide groove (15) is arranged on the end face, facing the cutter handle (1), of the split cutter holder (21).
5. A process for machining a large-diameter side wall groove of an aluminum die casting, wherein the forming tool as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 is used, and the process comprises the following specific steps:
s1: measuring the distance between the blades (7) on the two sides and the distance between the blades (7) and the center of the tool holder (1) by using a tool setting gauge, and loading the formed tool into a tool magazine;
s2: aligning the center of the cutter handle (1) with the arc center of the aluminum die casting, and simultaneously inserting the first slot cutting part (3) and the second slot cutting part (4) into the inner concave part on the end face of the aluminum die casting;
s3, offsetting the center of the cutter handle (1) and the arc center of the aluminum die casting;
s4: the forming cutter starts to rotate, the center of the cutter handle (1) moves around a track (B) concentric with the arc center of the aluminum die casting, the first grooving part (3) and the second grooving part (4) sequentially and alternately cut the inner side wall of the inner concave part on the end face of the aluminum die casting while the cutter handle (1) moves, and the cutting depth of the first grooving part (3) and the second grooving part (4) is not more than 0.5mm;
s5: and after cutting, aligning the center of the cutter handle (1) with the arc center of the aluminum die casting, and withdrawing the cutter.
6. The process for forming a large-diameter side wall groove of an aluminum die casting according to claim 5, wherein the locus (B) in the step S4 comprises a planar spiral line (B1) and a first circular locus line (B4) which is positioned at the center of the planar spiral line (B1) and is tangent to the inner end of the planar spiral line (B1), and the spiral pitch (c) between the spirals of the planar spiral line (B1) is not more than 0.5mm.
7. The process for machining the groove in the large-diameter side wall of the aluminum die casting as claimed in claim 5, wherein the track (B) in the step S4 comprises a plurality of concentric second circular track lines (B2), and the adjacent second circular track lines (B2) are connected through a tangentially arranged transition straight line (B3) to form a continuous track (B).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210901919.2A CN114951784B (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Major-diameter side wall groove forming cutter for aluminum die castings and machining process |
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| CN202210901919.2A CN114951784B (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Major-diameter side wall groove forming cutter for aluminum die castings and machining process |
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| US11247280B2 (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2022-02-15 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | Rotatable tool for forming by metal cutting a circular groove |
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| CN114951784A (en) | 2022-08-30 |
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