CN114941412A - 一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114941412A CN114941412A CN202210351017.6A CN202210351017A CN114941412A CN 114941412 A CN114941412 A CN 114941412A CN 202210351017 A CN202210351017 A CN 202210351017A CN 114941412 A CN114941412 A CN 114941412A
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板,由以下的原料组成:固体废弃物,防火填充料,石蜡防水剂和粘合剂;所述的固体废弃物包括废塑料、农作物秸秆、废纸、旧棉织布中的至少一种或多种混合物;所述的防火填充料包括废绝缘板边角料、废氧化镁、废石英粉、废重金属、废石英粉、废石膏粉、废碳钙和废重晶石中的至少一种或多种混合物。本发明利用本地城市固体废弃物,工业固体废物、“就地取材,因地制宜”,与传统建相比,有质轻,节能环保保温寿命长,防水防火;在抗强度、抗折度上优于天然大理石和花岗岩等材料;并具有耐潮防水耐磨划的优势;该制备方法简单,对设备要求低,易于大规模制备生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于废弃固体物回收技术领域,尤其涉及一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板及其制备方法。
背景技术
固体废弃物,是指人类在生产、消费、生活和其他活动中产生的固态、半固态废弃物质(国外的定义则更加广泛,动物活动产生的废弃物也属于此类),通俗地说,就是“垃圾”。主要包括固体颗粒、垃圾、炉渣、污泥、废弃的制品、破损器皿、残次品、动物尸体、变质食品、人畜粪便等。有些国家把废酸、废碱、废油、废有机溶剂等高浓度的液体也归为固体废弃物。
固体废弃物的产生与排放,伴随着人类社会还在延续,社会化生产的生产、分配、交换、消费环节都会产生废弃物;产品生命周期的产品的规划、设计、原材料采购、制造、包装、运输、分配和消费等环节也会产生固体废弃物,即使是利用固体废弃物进行逆生产及相应的逆向物流过程也同样会产生固体废弃物;土地使用的各功能区,住宅区、商业区、工业区、农业区、市政设施、文化娱乐区、户外空地等都会产生固体废弃物;全社会的任何个人、企事业单位、政府组织和社会组织都会产生并排放固体废弃物。
固体废弃物产生源分散、产量大、组成复杂、形态与性质多变、可能含有毒性、燃烧性、***性、放射性、腐蚀性、反应性、传染性与致病性的有害废弃物或污染物、甚至含有污染物富集的生物,有些物质难降解或难处理、排放(固体废弃物数量与质量)具有不确定性与隐蔽性,这些因素导致固体废弃物在其产生、排放和处理过程中对资源、生态环境、人民身心健康造成危害,甚至阻碍社会经济的持续发展。中国专利公开号为CN113084960A,发明创造名称为一种玉米秸秆板材的制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)将玉米秸秆段与秸皮软化酶液混合,进行酶刻蚀,得到酶刻蚀秸秆;(2)将所述酶刻蚀秸秆浸渍与纳米纤维素溶液中,得到增强秸秆;(3)对所述增强秸秆进行第一热压,得到玉米秸秆板材。
但是,现有的废弃固体物在回收利用时,还存在着不能够利用固体废弃物回收制作装饰材料板材,造成资源的浪费的问题,与此同时,制备方法较为复杂繁琐的问题。
因此,发明一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板及其制备方法显得非常必要。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板,包括由以下的原料组成:固体废弃物,防火填充料,石蜡防水剂和粘合剂;所述的固体废弃物包括废塑料、农作物秸秆、废纸、旧棉织布中的至少一种或多种混合物;所述的防火填充料包括废绝缘板边角料、废氧化镁、废石英粉、废重金属、废石英粉、废石膏粉、废碳钙和废重晶石中的至少一种或多种混合物;所述的粘合剂为天然淀粉粘合剂;
该基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板的应用时,包括以下结构:装饰板体,装饰板体,卯块板,榫口槽,锚栓卡孔,密封塞,固定锚栓,角铁护板,密封胶,装饰墙体和保温泡沫层,所述的装饰板体的下部开设有卯块板;所述的装饰板体的下部开设有榫口槽;所述的卯块板和榫口槽相互卡接设置;所述的锚栓卡孔分别开设在装饰板体和装饰板体的外侧;所述的密封塞扣接在锚栓卡孔内并罩在固定锚栓的外侧顶端;所述的固定锚栓贯穿装饰板体和装饰板体的内部与角铁护板的右侧相螺纹连接;所述的角铁护板通过固定锚栓与装饰墙体相螺纹连接;所述的密封胶填充在角铁护板和角铁护板的相交处以及角铁护板与装饰板体和装饰板体的相交处;所述的保温泡沫层填充在角铁护板的内侧。
优选的,所述的装饰板体和装饰板体的宽度设置在六十厘米;所述的装饰板体和装饰板体的长度设置在一百二十厘米。
一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板的制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
步骤一:固废物备料筛选除杂:将一定比例的固体废弃物进行粉碎备料使用,并对其中混杂的杂物特别是铁类杂物进行清理,从而得到固体废弃物骨料;
步骤二:防火填充料研磨:将适配的防火填充料进行研磨粉碎,所述的防火填充料的颗粒分别设置在200目-400目之间;
步骤三:板材原料的混合:将固体废弃物骨料和防火填充料加入混合机内进行充分的混合,并加入水液进行搅拌混合,混合时间设置在20分钟-30分钟,调制成湿料,含水量设置在20%-35%;
步骤四:装饰板材的初热压:将步骤三中的湿料进行初步的热压操作,所述的初热压的温度为80~200℃,压力为600~2000kg/cm2,保压时间为20~60min,从而得到初热压板材;
步骤五:防水剂的喷淋:在步骤五中对初热压板材进行防水剂的喷淋操作,所述的防水剂为石蜡防水剂,用石蜡防水剂喷淋板表面后,进行热风烘干操作,使得防水层的厚度设置在2um-5um;
步骤六:装饰板材的再次热压处理:与步骤四中的相同热压条件下再次热压30min,得到的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料,所述的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料根据压塑模具的不同可以形成仿大理石板或者仿花岗岩板;
步骤七:装饰板材的裁切:根据应用加工的需要,对步骤六中的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料按照规定尺寸进行裁切,并裁割出相对应的卯块板,榫口槽和锚栓卡孔,便于拼装安装的使用;
步骤八:装饰板材的检验:对步骤七的装饰板材进行质量检验,达到质量标准要求例如防火等级BI或者AI,抗折强度设置在150-250MPa;
步骤九:装饰板材的拼装使用:在装饰板材的安装拼接时,通过卯块板和榫口槽4的连接增加了连接安装的便捷性和稳定性,并利用固定锚栓进行连接固定,将密封塞卡接在锚栓卡孔上,保持了表面的平整;
优选的,在步骤一中,所述的固体废弃物骨料颗粒分布设置在30目:50目:80目:100目:300目,并按照原料的不同设定配方比例。
优选的,在步骤六中,所述的再热压的温度为80~200℃,压力为600~2000kg/cm2,保压时间为30~60min。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:本发明行业率先使用“纯物理”无害化处理技术,将破碎后的废塑料、废旧编织物、绝缘板角料、农作物秸秆、快递垃圾、外卖垃圾等工业废弃物,粉碎搅拌均匀,通过高温蒸汽加热下,进行压制成型产品应用及有关性能指标该复合板,利用本地城市固体废弃物,工业固体废物、“就地取材,因地制宜”,可用于生产新型轻质建材或装配式和旧房改造墙体,所有成品均可回收再利用,无二次污染,与传统建相比,有质轻,节能,环保,保温,寿命长(与建筑体同步),防水,防火,在抗强度、抗折度上优于天然大理石和花岗岩等材料;
经过同木材颜色、质感、纹路方面的高度仿真,能够满足各类家居装饰、建筑墙体保温等需求,并具有耐潮防水、耐磨划的优势;可用于对板材抗压抗折性能要求较高的场合;
该基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板的制备方法简单,对设备要求低,易于大规模制备生产。
附图说明
图1是本发明的基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板的应用结构示意图。
图2是本发明装饰板体的拼接榫卯结构示意图。
图3是本发明的基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板的制备方法流程图。
图中:
1、装饰板体;2、装饰板体;3、卯块板;4、榫口槽;5、锚栓卡孔;6、密封塞;7、固定锚栓;8、角铁护板;9、密封胶;10、装饰墙体;11、保温泡沫层。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明做进一步描述:
如附图1和附图2所示:一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板,包括以下结构:装饰板体1,装饰板体2,卯块板3,榫口槽4,锚栓卡孔5,密封塞6,固定锚栓7,角铁护板8,密封胶9,装饰墙体10和保温泡沫层11,所述的装饰板体1的下部开设有卯块板3;所述的装饰板体2的下部开设有榫口槽4;所述的卯块板3和榫口槽4相互卡接设置;所述的锚栓卡孔5分别开设在装饰板体1和装饰板体2的外侧;所述的密封塞6扣接在锚栓卡孔5内并罩在固定锚栓7的外侧顶端;所述的固定锚栓7贯穿装饰板体1和装饰板体2的内部与角铁护板8的右侧相螺纹连接;所述的角铁护板8通过固定锚栓7与装饰墙体10相螺纹连接;所述的密封胶9填充在角铁护板8和角铁护板8的相交处以及角铁护板8与装饰板体1和装饰板体2的相交处;所述的保温泡沫层11填充在角铁护板8的内侧。
上述实施例中,具体的,所述的装饰板体1和装饰板体2的宽度设置在六十厘米;所述的装饰板体1和装饰板体2的长度设置在一百二十厘米。
另外,该基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板,包括由以下的原料组成:固体废弃物,防火填充料,石蜡防水剂和粘合剂;所述的固体废弃物包括废塑料、农作物秸秆、废纸、旧棉织布中的至少一种或多种混合物;所述的防火填充料包括废绝缘板边角料、废氧化镁、废石英粉、废重金属、废石英粉、废石膏粉、废碳钙和废重晶石中的至少一种或多种混合物;所述的粘合剂为天然淀粉粘合剂。
实施例1:
如图3所示,一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板的制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
S101:步骤一:固废物备料筛选除杂:将一定比例的固体废弃物(废塑料及农作物秸秆的混合物)进行粉碎备料使用,并对其中混杂的杂物特别是铁类杂物进行清理,从而得到固体废弃物骨料;所述的固体废弃物骨料颗粒分布(30目:50目:80目:100目:300目)比例7:5:4:2:1。
S102:防火填充料研磨:将适配的防火填充料(废绝缘板边角料、废氧化镁、废石英粉和废重金属)进行研磨粉碎,所述的防火填充料的颗粒分别设置在200目。
S103:板材原料的混合:将固体废弃物骨料和防火填充料加入混合机内进行充分的混合,并加入水液进行搅拌混合,混合时间设置在20分钟,调制成湿料,含水量设置在30%。
S104:装饰板材的初热压:将步骤三中的湿料进行初步的热压操作,所述的初热压的温度为95℃,压力为1500kg/cm2,保压时间为25min,从而得到初热压板材。
S105:防水剂的喷淋:在步骤五中对初热压板材进行防水剂的喷淋操作,所述的防水剂为石蜡防水剂,用石蜡防水剂喷淋板表面后,进行热风烘干操作,使得防水层的厚度设置在2um。
S106:装饰板材的再次热压处理:所述的再热压的温度为150℃,压力为1500kg/cm2,保压时间为35min,得到的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料,所述的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料根据压塑模具的不同可以形成仿大理石板或者仿花岗岩板。
S107:装饰板材的裁切:根据应用加工的需要,对步骤六中的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料按照规定尺寸进行裁切,并裁割出相对应的卯块板3,榫口槽4和锚栓卡孔5,便于拼装安装的使用。
S108:装饰板材的检验:对步骤七的装饰板材进行质量检验,达到质量标准要求:防火等级AI,防水性,防水,抗折强度(MPa)168。
S109:装饰板材的拼装使用:在装饰板材的安装拼接时,通过卯块板3和榫口槽4的连接增加了连接安装的便捷性和稳定性,并利用固定锚栓7进行连接固定,将密封塞6卡接在锚栓卡孔5上,保持了表面的平整。
实施例2:
一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板的制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
S101:步骤一:固废物备料筛选除杂:将一定比例的固体废弃物(废塑料、废纸和旧棉织布的混合物)进行粉碎备料使用,并对其中混杂的杂物特别是铁类杂物进行清理,从而得到固体废弃物骨料;所述的固体废弃物骨料颗粒分布(30目:50目:80目:100目:300目)比例8:6:5:2:2。
S102:防火填充料研磨:将适配的防火填充料(废石英粉、废石膏粉、废碳钙和废重晶石)进行研磨粉碎,所述的防火填充料的颗粒分别设置在250目。
S103:板材原料的混合:将固体废弃物骨料和防火填充料加入混合机内进行充分的混合,并加入水液进行搅拌混合,混合时间设置在25分钟,调制成湿料,含水量设置在25%。
S104:装饰板材的初热压:将步骤三中的湿料进行初步的热压操作,所述的初热压的温度为120℃,压力为1400kg/cm2,保压时间为30min,从而得到初热压板材。
S105:防水剂的喷淋:在步骤五中对初热压板材进行防水剂的喷淋操作,所述的防水剂为石蜡防水剂,用石蜡防水剂喷淋板表面后,进行热风烘干操作,使得防水层的厚度设置在3um。
S106:装饰板材的再次热压处理:所述的再热压的温度为130℃,压力为1600kg/cm2,保压时间为25min,得到的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料,所述的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料根据压塑模具的不同可以形成仿大理石板或者仿花岗岩板。
S107:装饰板材的裁切:根据应用加工的需要,对步骤六中的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料按照规定尺寸进行裁切,并裁割出相对应的卯块板3,榫口槽4和锚栓卡孔5,便于拼装安装的使用。
S108:装饰板材的检验:对步骤七的装饰板材进行质量检验,达到质量标准要求:防火等级BI,防水性,防水,抗折强度(MPa)188。
S109:装饰板材的拼装使用:在装饰板材的安装拼接时,通过卯块板3和榫口槽4的连接增加了连接安装的便捷性和稳定性,并利用固定锚栓7进行连接固定,将密封塞6卡接在锚栓卡孔5上,保持了表面的平整。
实施例3:
一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板的制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
S101:步骤一:固废物备料筛选除杂:将一定比例的固体废弃物(废塑料、废纸和旧棉织布、农作物秸秆的混合物)进行粉碎备料使用,并对其中混杂的杂物特别是铁类杂物进行清理,从而得到固体废弃物骨料;所述的固体废弃物骨料颗粒分布(30目:50目:80目:100目:300目)比例10:7:6:3:3。
S102:防火填充料研磨:将适配的防火填充料(废石英粉、废石膏粉、废碳钙和废重晶石)进行研磨粉碎,所述的防火填充料的颗粒分别设置在400目之间。
S103:板材原料的混合:将固体废弃物骨料和防火填充料加入混合机内进行充分的混合,并加入水液进行搅拌混合,混合时间设置在30分钟,调制成湿料,含水量设置在35%。
S104:装饰板材的初热压:将步骤三中的湿料进行初步的热压操作,所述的初热压的温度为100℃,压力为1500kg/cm2,保压时间为40min,从而得到初热压板材。
S105:防水剂的喷淋:在步骤五中对初热压板材进行防水剂的喷淋操作,所述的防水剂为石蜡防水剂,用石蜡防水剂喷淋板表面后,进行热风烘干操作,使得防水层的厚度设置在5um。
S106:装饰板材的再次热压处理:所述的再热压的温度为170℃,压力为1500kg/cm2,保压时间为40min,得到的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料,所述的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料根据压塑模具的不同可以形成仿大理石板或者仿花岗岩板。
S107:装饰板材的裁切:根据应用加工的需要,对步骤六中的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料按照规定尺寸进行裁切,并裁割出相对应的卯块板3,榫口槽4和锚栓卡孔5,便于拼装安装的使用。
S108:装饰板材的检验:对步骤七的装饰板材进行质量检验,达到质量标准要求:防火等级不防火,防水性,防水,抗折强度(MPa)216。
S109:装饰板材的拼装使用:在装饰板材的安装拼接时,通过卯块板3和榫口槽4的连接增加了连接安装的便捷性和稳定性,并利用固定锚栓7进行连接固定,将密封塞6卡接在锚栓卡孔5上,保持了表面的平整。
由以上实施例可知,本发明行业率先使用“纯物理”无害化处理技术,将破碎后的废塑料、废旧编织物、绝缘板角料、农作物秸秆、快递垃圾、外卖垃圾等工业废弃物,粉碎搅拌均匀,通过高温蒸汽加热下,进行压制成型产品应用及有关性能指标该复合板,利用本地城市固体废弃物,工业固体废物、“就地取材,因地制宜”,可用于,生产新型轻质建材或装配式和旧房改造墙体,所有成品均可回收再利用,无二次污染,与传统建相比,有质轻,节能,环保,保温,寿命长(与建筑体同步),防水,防火,在抗强度、抗折度上优于天然大理石和花岗岩等材料;
经过同木材颜色、质感、纹路方面的高度仿真,能够满足各类家居装饰、建筑墙体保温等需求,并具有耐潮防水、耐磨划的优势;可用于对板材抗压抗折性能要求较高的场合。
本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,由于文字表达的有限性,而客观上存在无限的具体结构,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进、润饰或变化,也可以将上述技术特征以适当的方式进行组合;这些改进润饰、变化或组合,或未经改进将发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的,均应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板,其特征在于,该基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板的应用时,包括以下结构:装饰板体(1),装饰板体(2),卯块板(3),榫口槽(4),锚栓卡孔(5),密封塞(6),固定锚栓(7),角铁护板(8),密封胶(9),装饰墙体(10)和保温泡沫层(11),所述的装饰板体(1)的下部开设有卯块板(3);所述的装饰板体(2)的下部开设有榫口槽(4);所述的卯块板(3)和榫口槽(4)相互卡接设置;所述的锚栓卡孔(5)分别开设在装饰板体(1)和装饰板体(2)的外侧;所述的密封塞(6)扣接在锚栓卡孔(5)内并罩在固定锚栓(7)的外侧顶端;所述的固定锚栓(7)贯穿装饰板体(1)和装饰板体(2)的内部与角铁护板(8)的右侧相螺纹连接;所述的角铁护板(8)通过固定锚栓(7)与装饰墙体(10)相螺纹连接;所述的密封胶(9)填充在角铁护板(8)和角铁护板(8)的相交处以及角铁护板(8)与装饰板体(1)和装饰板体(2)的相交处;所述的保温泡沫层(11)填充在角铁护板(8)的内侧;
另外,该基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板还包括由以下的原料组成:固体废弃物,防火填充料,石蜡防水剂和粘合剂;所述的固体废弃物包括废塑料、农作物秸秆、废纸、旧棉织布中的至少一种或多种混合物;所述的防火填充料包括废绝缘板边角料、废氧化镁、废石英粉、废重金属、废石英粉、废石膏粉、废碳钙和废重晶石中的至少一种或多种混合物;所述的粘合剂为天然淀粉粘合剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板,其特征在于,所述的装饰板体(1)和装饰板体(2)的宽度设置在六十厘米;所述的装饰板体(1)和装饰板体(2)的长度设置在一百二十厘米。
3.一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板的制备方法,其特征在于,该基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板的制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
步骤一:固废物备料筛选除杂:将一定比例的固体废弃物进行粉碎备料使用,并对其中混杂的杂物特别是铁类杂物进行清理,从而得到固体废弃物骨料;
步骤二:防火填充料研磨:将适配的防火填充料进行研磨粉碎,所述的防火填充料的颗粒分别设置在200目-400目之间;
步骤三:板材原料的混合:将固体废弃物骨料和防火填充料加入混合机内进行充分的混合,并加入水液进行搅拌混合,混合时间设置在20分钟-30分钟,调制成湿料,含水量设置在30%-35%;
步骤四:装饰板材的初热压:将步骤三中的湿料进行初步的热压操作,所述的初热压的温度为80~200℃,压力为600~2000kg/cm2,保压时间为20~60min,从而得到初热压板材;
步骤五:防水剂的喷淋:在步骤五中对初热压板材进行防水剂的喷淋操作,所述的防水剂为石蜡防水剂,用石蜡防水剂喷淋板表面后,进行热风烘干操作,使得防水层的厚度设置在2um-5um;
步骤六:装饰板材的再次热压处理:与步骤四中的相同热压条件下再次热压30min,得到的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料,所述的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料根据压塑模具的不同可以形成仿大理石板或者仿花岗岩板;
步骤七:装饰板材的裁切:根据应用加工的需要,对步骤六中的防火防水防蛀装饰板材料按照规定尺寸进行裁切,并裁割出相对应的卯块板3,榫口槽4和锚栓卡孔5,便于拼装安装的使用;
步骤八:装饰板材的检验:对步骤七的装饰板材进行质量检验,达到质量标准要求例如防火等级BI或者AI,抗折强度设置在150-250MPa;
步骤九:装饰板材的拼装使用:在装饰板材的安装拼接时,通过卯块板(3)和榫口槽(4)的连接增加了连接安装的便捷性和稳定性,并利用固定锚栓(7)进行连接固定,将密封塞(6)卡接在锚栓卡孔(5)上,保持了表面的平整。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤一中,所述的固体废弃物骨料颗粒分布设置在30目:50目:80目:100目:300目,并按照原料的不同设定配方比例。
5.如权利要求2所述的一种基于废弃固体物的防火防水防蛀装饰板的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤六中,所述的再热压的温度为80~200℃,压力为600~2000kg/cm2,保压时间为30~60min。
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