CN114901767A - 具有撕裂切口的聚合物带材 - Google Patents

具有撕裂切口的聚合物带材 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114901767A
CN114901767A CN202080091399.2A CN202080091399A CN114901767A CN 114901767 A CN114901767 A CN 114901767A CN 202080091399 A CN202080091399 A CN 202080091399A CN 114901767 A CN114901767 A CN 114901767A
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China
Prior art keywords
tape
tear
facestock
polymeric tape
polymeric
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CN202080091399.2A
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English (en)
Inventor
G·安巴苏米安
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G Anbasumian
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G Anbasumian
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Publication of CN114901767A publication Critical patent/CN114901767A/zh
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    • C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
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Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及聚合物带材，其包含在长度方向延伸的面材，所述面材包含聚合物。在所述面材的第一表面上存在粘合剂层。撕裂切口在所述面材的至少一个纵向边缘中形成并且向内延伸，完全沿着所述面材的所述至少一个纵向边缘提供所述撕裂切口。

Description

具有撕裂切口的聚合物带材
技术领域
本申请涉及常见卷状的类型并且用作例如标记带的聚合物带材，并且涉及使用聚合物带材的方法。
背景技术
聚合物带材通常用于广泛的应用中，例如贴标签标注、识别、装饰、包裹、包装、密封、掩蔽、层压、粘贴至表面、颜色编码、熔合、指示(例如热致变色墨带)、容器关闭、绘画、信息等。这样的应用可用于各种工业，包括医疗、生物医学、工业、电气、电子、建筑、管道装置、屋顶材料、汽车、航空电子、航空航天、科学、低温、冷冻、高温、办公用途、包装、运输、艺术等。聚合物带材通常具有能够保持油墨的面材(facestock)。因此，可在面材标记带上书写信息以标注事物。具体而言，出于保持油墨的能力而使用其中基材是聚合物的聚合物标记带材。其它类型的带材用于密封、固定或隔离物体，例如电工胶带、包装胶带、强力胶带、硅酮胶带等，其中某些此类带材中的面材可以不需要具有保持油墨的能力。然而在其它应用中，带材可用于将物体或表面粘贴在一起，例如可以不需要保持油墨能力的双面或安装带材，或例如粘合剂转移胶带，其中在两个支撑衬垫之间含有粘合剂以用于将来去除支撑衬垫之一并且将该粘合剂转移至面材或表面或物体上。
一些聚合物的特征在于在受到剪切力时可伸长。例如对于热塑性膜材料、硅橡胶材料等，情况是如此。因此，如果使用者想要细长的聚合物带材的分段，例如一卷聚合物带材中的分段，使用者可能需要剪刀或刀，以从该卷中边缘平滑地分割出一部分聚合物带材。否则，通过使用手的力从卷上撕扯或撕裂带材，使用者会过度地伸长带材，此外可导致波纹状、粘附的损失、不规则的形状、过多的长度。在某些情况下，聚合物膜是刚性的且耐撕裂的，使得难以用手撕裂。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供解决与现有技术相关的问题的聚合物带材。
因此，根据本公开的第一方面，提供了聚合物带材，其包含：面材，所述面材在长度方向延伸，所述面材至少包含聚合物；粘合剂层，所述粘合剂层处在所述面材的第一表面上；和撕裂切口，所述撕裂切口在面材的至少一个纵向边缘中形成并且向内延伸，完全沿着所述面材的所述至少一个纵向边缘提供所述撕裂切口。
另外根据所述第一方面，例如支撑衬垫可剥离地粘附至所述粘合剂层。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如在所述支撑衬垫中形成撕裂切口。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如所述支撑衬垫比所述面材更宽，使得所述支撑衬垫在宽度方向延伸超过所述面材的所述至少一个纵向边缘中的至少一个。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如低粘性粘合剂位于所述支撑衬垫的与具有所述粘合剂层的表面相对的表面上。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如所述聚合物带材为在所述面材的第二表面上具有另一粘合剂层的双面带材。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如至少一个支撑衬垫可剥离地粘附至所述粘合剂层和/或所述另一粘合剂层。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如低粘性粘合剂位于所述聚合物带材的叠加部分的支撑衬垫之间。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如低粘性粘合剂为仅覆盖所述支撑衬垫的部分宽度的条带。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如使相邻的撕裂切口之间间隔至多6.5mm。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如使相邻的撕裂切口之间间隔1.28mm至3.47mm的距离。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如将聚合物带材缠绕成卷，在所述卷的至少一个侧向端面上提供有粘合剂的层。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如相对于所述面材的纵向边缘，所述撕裂切口以30°与150°之间的角度存在。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如另外包含微穿孔，所述微穿孔形成了在所述支撑衬垫中的在宽度方向延伸的撕裂线。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如所述形成撕裂线的微穿孔与所述支撑衬垫中的撕裂切口对齐。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如所述形成撕裂线的微穿孔与所述面材中的撕裂切口对齐。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如所述撕裂切口穿透进所述面材0.001mm至10.00mm。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如所述撕裂切口穿透进所述面材0.001mm至2.0mm。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如支撑衬垫可剥离地粘附至所述粘合剂层，并且穿孔线仅存在于所述支撑衬垫中。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如所述穿孔线与所述面材中的撕裂切口对齐。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如所述撕裂切口位于所述面材的两个纵向边缘上。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如所述面材包括热塑性膜、热固性材料、硅橡胶、金属箔、织物、泡沫、纸、纤维素纤维、磁性材料、纳米复合材料中的一种或多种。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如所述粘合剂层为静电吸附表面。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如将沿着所述纵向边缘中的至少一个的所述粘合剂层的一部分无效。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如所述支撑衬垫存在于所述双面带材的粘合剂层与另一粘合剂层二者上，并且所述支撑衬垫比所述面材更宽，使得所述支撑衬垫在宽度方向延伸超过所述面材的至少一个纵向边缘。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如所述面材上存在清漆和/或油墨和/或吸墨涂层和/或层压物。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如在所述支撑衬垫中存在至少一个狭缝，所述狭缝在纵向方向上延伸。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如所述支撑衬垫通过另一粘合剂层以背负式构造安装至所述另一支撑衬垫上。
还另外根据所述第一方面，例如至少一个电子元件位于所述面材中、下或上。
根据第二方面，提供了聚合物带材，所述聚合物带材包含：面材，所述面材在长度方向延伸；粘合剂层，所述粘合剂层位于所述面材的第一表面上；支撑衬垫，所述支撑衬垫可剥离地粘附至所述粘合剂层，所述支撑衬垫至少包含聚合物；和撕裂切口，所述撕裂切口在所述支撑衬垫的至少一个纵向边缘中形成并且向内延伸，完全沿着所述支撑衬垫的所述至少一个纵向边缘提供所述撕裂切口。
另外根据所述第二方面，例如撕裂切口在所述面材中形成，并且与在所述支撑衬垫中的撕裂切口对齐。
还另外根据所述第二方面，例如所述支撑衬垫比所述面材更宽，使得所述支撑衬垫在宽度方向延伸超过所述面材的所述至少一个纵向边缘中的至少一个。
还另外根据所述第二方面，例如使相邻的撕裂切口之间间隔至多6.5mm。
还另外根据所述第二方面，例如使相邻的撕裂切口之间间隔1.28mm至3.47mm的距离。
还另外根据所述第二方面，例如将所述聚合物带材缠绕成卷，在所述卷的至少一个侧向端面上提供有粘合剂的层。
还另外根据所述第二方面，例如相对于所述支撑衬垫的纵向边缘，所述撕裂切口以30度与150度之间的角度存在。
还另外根据所述第二方面，例如撕裂切口穿透进所述面材0.001mm至10.00mm。
还另外根据所述第二方面，例如撕裂切口穿透进所述面材0.001mm至2.00mm。
还另外根据所述第二方面，例如所述撕裂切口位于所述支撑衬垫的两个纵向边缘上。
还另外根据所述第二方面，例如与引起不具有撕裂切口的相同带材的撕裂所需的撕裂力相比，引起所述撕裂所需的撕裂力至少小10％。
根据第三方面，提供了带材卷，所述带材卷包括：带材，所述带材至少包括：面材，所述面材在长度方向延伸；粘合剂层，所述粘合剂层处在所述面材的第一表面上；支撑衬垫，所述支撑衬垫可剥离地粘附至所述粘合剂层，其中将所述带材缠绕成卷；和粘合剂的层，所述粘合剂的层在所述卷的至少一个侧向端面上提供。
另外根据所述第三方面，例如所述粘合剂的层具有圆盘形状。
还另外根据所述第三方面，例如所述粘合剂的层限定为在所述侧向端面上的从所述带材卷的中心延伸至所述带材卷的圆周的至少一条线。
还另外根据所述第三方面，例如所述支撑衬垫比所述面材更宽，使得所述支撑衬垫在宽度方向延伸超过所述面材的所述至少一个纵向边缘中的至少一个。
还另外根据所述第三方面，例如所述带材是双面带材，所述双面带材具有在所述面材的第二表面上的另一粘合剂层和可剥离地粘附至所述另一粘合剂层的另一支撑衬垫。
根据本公开的第四方面，提供了用于撕裂聚合物带材的方法，所述方法包括：用第一对手指和第二对手指抓住聚合物带材的一部分，所述第一对手指和所述第二对手指在所述聚合物带材的第一纵向边缘中的撕裂切口的相对侧面上；通过用所述第一对手指和所述第二对手指施加剪切动作，在所述聚合物带材中的撕裂切口处引起撕裂；并且通过所述剪切动作将所述撕裂扩大至所述聚合物带材的所述第二纵向边缘，以产生与所述聚合物带材的剩余物分离的所述聚合物带材的分段。
另外根据所述第四方面，例如在所述撕裂切口处引起撕裂包括撕裂支撑衬垫以使撕裂到达所述聚合物带材的面材中的撕裂切口。
还另外根据第四方面，例如撕裂所述支撑衬垫包括沿着所述支撑衬垫中的穿孔线扩大所述撕裂。
还另外根据所述第四方面，例如在所述抓住之前从卷展开一定长度的所述聚合物带材。
还另外根据所述第四方面，例如从所述分段中的面材去除所述支撑衬垫。
附图说明
图1A-1P是根据本公开的实施方案的聚合物带材的示意性剖视图；
图2A-2D是根据本公开的实施方案的聚合物带材的示意性剖视图；
图3A-3D是根据本公开的实施方案的聚合物带材的示意性面视图；
图4A-4F是根据本公开的实施方案的聚合物带材的示意性剖视图；
图5A-5O是根据本公开的实施方案的聚合物带材的示意性剖视图；
图6A-6E是在支撑衬垫中具有附加穿孔的聚合物带材的示意性后视图；
图7A-7F是根据本公开的实施方案呈卷绕/盘绕构造的聚合物带材的示意性透视图；
图8A-8C是根据本公开的实施方案的在卷的侧面上具有粘合剂的层的聚合物带材卷的示意性透视图；
图8D是图8B的聚合物带材的示意性横截面视图；
图8E-8G是根据本公开的实施方案的在卷面上具有线形式的粘合剂的层的聚合物带材卷的示意性透视图；
图9A-9F示出根据本公开的实施方案的聚合物带材的测试样品；和
图9G示出根据实施方案在拉伸试验期间的测试样品例如在图9A至9F中所示的测试样品。
具体实施方式
参考附图，更特别是参考图1A-1I，根据本公开的第一实施方案的聚合物带材总体以10示出。聚合物带材10可为细长的带材条或可为卷的一部分。聚合物带材10可为可用于在其上手工书写信息的类型。带材卷10也可为由打印机使用的类型。一些打印机例如热敏打印机配备有切割机制，所述切割机制是锋利的刀具，该刀具垂直于打印机的送料方向移动并且分割所需长度的带材。其它装置例如带材分配器也配备有切割机制、分配机制和在某些情况下的剥落机制。虽然带材10主要旨在用于手动切割，但是带材10也可以使用整合到打印机、机械或电力分配器、手动分配器和自动化或机器人装置中的各种类型的切割器来切割、分配和/或剥落。
聚合物带材10可具有各种层，所有这些层可从聚合物带材10的一端延伸至另一端，即沿着从图1A-1I的页面伸出的长度方向延伸。面材11是可以接受油墨或印刷的表面，尽管接受油墨的能力不是必需。面材11可以在其上已经具有数据，包括标志(例如，沿着带材10的长度重复)、图形、图像等。这可包括使用以下印刷：热敏打印机、热转移打印机、直接热敏打印机、激光打印机、喷墨打印机、LED打印机、UV打印机、击打式打印机、点阵打印机、激光蚀刻打印机、柔性版打印机、胶印机或印刷机或能够在带材的任意表面上递送油墨的任意其它类型的打印机或装置。面材11本身可包含一层或多层，包括透明和不透明层，屏蔽层，表面涂层，油墨，清漆，层压物，无线通信功能如RFID(射频识别)、NFC(近场通信)、蓝牙、WiFi和其它类型的无线通信标签或芯片、传感器、电子元件等。聚合物带材可提供空白的或印有任意背景颜色或颜色指示物，如热致变色油墨和/或图像，和/或信息和/或条形码和/或字母数字标记，和/或邮戳(indicia)等。面材材料可以由聚合物制成。面材材料可包括但不限于聚合物，例如聚丙烯、双轴取向的聚丙烯(BOPP)、聚酯(PET)、聚苯乙烯、乙烯基包括聚氯乙烯(PVC)和聚氟乙烯(PVF)、丙烯酸酯、尼龙、聚酰胺、缎纹布、聚烯烃、聚乙烯、聚酰亚胺、特卫强、复合材料、硅酮、硅橡胶、橡胶、合成橡胶、胶乳、热塑性膜、热固性塑料、塑料挤出材料，并且还可包括织物组织，机织物或无纺布，泡沫，石墨烯，磁性膜，碳增强的金属箔例如铝箔，维克罗搭扣，可降解的且可溶的材料包括生物可降解的材料、可用作堆肥的材料和可回收的材料或它们的任意组合。面材材料包括纸与聚合物的复合材料或组合，织物与聚合物的复合材料，包括纳米复合材料或它们的组合，包括聚合物与纸和/或织物的层，使得纸或布例如用塑料层压。带材10可以是防篡改的且/或可破坏的带材，“可破坏的”是指在试图将带材从它已粘附的基材上去除时，该带材可破裂成碎片或片断。一些防篡改的特征可包括面材内的特定切口和/或穿孔，所述切口和/或穿孔使面材易碎，并且在将该粘性带材施加至基材或容器后试图将其去除时导致带材破裂。存在其它类型的可以揭示篡改的防篡改材料，并且带材10可由此类材料制成。压花材料、压印箔材料、透明(clear)材料、不透明材料、透明(transparent)材料、半透明材料、混浊材料和/或反射材料或它们的任意组合也可用于面材11。聚合物可为热塑性塑料或热软化塑料，即在被加热至某一临界温度时软化或变得可塑以在冷却时凝固的塑料聚合物。聚合物可为包含交联聚合物以形成不可逆的化学键的热固性塑料，并且在被加热时可变成不可塑。可选择面材11具有直接热敏打印能力，这是指将油墨加入至面材11内部或在它的表面涂层中。然后，在加热面材层11，例如通过热敏打印机或发热的或加热的仪器加热面材层11时，可释放该油墨。面材11可例如用可逆或不可逆的热致变色油墨打印，所述热致变色油墨也可被加入至带材10的所述面材或其它组成部分内部，例如层压物内部或聚合物内部或粘合剂内部。考虑使用打印方法的组合。本公开的所有带材10可接受或可不接受通过钢笔、铅笔、记号笔或用于手写的任意其它工具的书写。也可配置带材10以用于与皮肤接触，例如在医疗用途例如含有药物的透皮贴剂中。本文中所述的带材10可为织物带材、无粘性的分界带材、纳米带材、PTEE带材(聚四氟乙烯)等。
可将粘合剂层12涂布在面材11的下侧上。还可提供第一支撑衬垫或剥离衬垫13，可以将具有面材11的粘合剂层12从该衬垫剥离。在另一个实施方案中，聚合物带材10可以是无衬垫的并且自行缠绕，使得粘合剂层12粘附至面材11的上表面，该粘合剂层12可以从所述面材11剥离。剥离衬垫13可基于纸或基于聚合物，预期的聚合物包括聚酯(PET)、聚丙烯，双轴取向的聚丙烯(BOPP)或任意其它类型的聚合物或热塑性膜。例如，剥离衬垫13可为硅酮涂布的或氟硅酮涂布的支撑物，在该剥离衬垫上带有或保留粘合剂层12，不过在基材上可以使用其它材料包括蜡或其它粘性剥离涂料等。例如，如果支撑衬垫13是基于纸，则可存在低摩擦涂层以促进从支撑衬垫13上剥去面材11和粘合剂层12。因此，在去除剥离衬垫13时，面材11可通过粘合剂层12粘附至表面。在一个实施方案中，面材11依靠静电吸附作为具有粘合剂层12的替代。在另一个实施方案中，面材11是没有粘合剂的包裹带材，例如可伸长的包裹材料。在另一个实施方案中，面材11是没有粘合剂的硅橡胶带材。在另一个实施方案中，剥离衬垫13可具有成像性能，这是指用钢笔或铅笔或用任意类型的击打式仪器或击打式打印机手写可以在剥离衬垫13上产生图像的副本。在这种情况下，在从该衬垫13上去除面材11时，印刷的信息或该图像的副本以类似于碳复印的方式保留在该剥离衬垫13上。在另一个实施方案中，如果带材10具有纸面材11和聚合物剥离衬垫13，则该聚合物衬垫13将阻止该带材10边缘平滑地撕裂，据此如下所述的在该衬垫13中的撕裂切口或微撕裂切口20将促进该撕裂。在图1A中显示出衬垫13具有与面材11和粘合剂层12相同的宽度W1。在图1B和1C中，相对于面材11和粘合剂12(粘合剂涂布的面材)的宽度，衬垫13具有更大的宽度，使得衬垫13在面材11的一个边缘处在宽度方向延伸超过面材11(图1C)，或在面材11的两个边缘处在宽度方向延伸超过面材11(图1B)。举例来说，聚合物带材10可具有至少4.0mm的宽度。在一个实施方案中，尺寸为12mm±6mm。在另一个实施方案中，尺寸为19mm±9mm。在另一个实施方案中，尺寸在25mm与70mm之间。在另一个实施方案中，尺寸在70mm与110mm之间。这些尺寸作为实例给出。
任选地，底切(undercut)13'可限定在衬垫13中并且可在长度方向延伸。底切13'也可称为狭缝、背狭缝，称为贯穿切口(through-cut)、切穿口(cut-through)等。在一个实施方案中，该底切13'不切入面材11中(它可留下记号)。底切13'可促进从面材11剥去衬垫13。虽然在图1D至1F的实施方案中示出了底切13'，但是底切13'可存在于任意其它适合的实施方案中，例如图1A至1C和图1G至1P的实施方案中。此外，尽管示出了底切13'相对于宽度位于衬垫13上的中心位置，但是它也可以位于离任意一个边缘的任意距离处。在一个实施方案中，有多于一个的背狭缝存在于相同的衬垫13中。
如在图1D至1F中所示，考虑沿面材11的一个或两个边缘添加无效的粘合剂区域14。无效的粘合剂区域14可以由在这些区域14中暴露于无效剂的粘合剂层12来限定。在一个实施方案中，在生产期间通过如下方式使用该无效剂：从支撑衬垫13上提起具有粘合剂12的面材11，施加无效剂并且将该面材11重新层压至该支撑衬垫13上。结果，区域14中的粘合剂12可丧失或显著减弱它的粘合性能。不管何时或如何施加无效剂，该无效剂都对减小或消除(即“无效化”)区域14中的沿面材11的边缘的粘合剂12的粘合效果起作用。这减小了面材11的沿着它边缘的剥离强度，因此可促进该面材11从衬垫13上剥去。无效剂可为实现这类功能的任意合适的材料。无效剂的非限制性实例包括液体溶剂，例如清漆(例如基于水的、基于溶剂的、紫外线、LED UV、氨基甲酸酯等)和油墨(例如氨基甲酸酯、柔性版印刷、UV、LED UV或其它类型的印刷油墨)。无效剂也可以是以液体或固体形式施加的另一种化学品。使用沿着带材10的粘合剂侧面施加的印刷板可以施加无效剂。在一个实施方案中，除区域14以外，可施加图案化的粘合剂，使得该区域14可简单地不具有粘合剂而不是使现存的粘合剂无效。
参考图1G-1I，在各种实施方案中，相对于面材层11和粘合剂层12，支撑衬垫13可更窄。这可存在于如图1G中的带材10的两个纵向边缘处，或如图1H和1I中的单侧上，同时在另一侧上，在图1I的实施方案中支撑衬垫13延伸超过面材11。在带材10是卷状或圈状时，产生了可暴露的窄的粘合剂条以用于粘附至它下面的面材11。暴露的粘合剂条可有助于将该带材10保持在卷中，并且防止从一侧至另一侧的解卷和/或晃动。
在另一实施方案中，参考图1J-1P所示，带材10可具有背驮式构造，所述背驮式构造包括第二剥离衬垫13A，该第二剥离衬垫13A通过另一粘合剂层12A附着至衬垫13。衬垫13和/或衬垫13A可以是成像衬垫，这是指可以将在面材11上所制作的标记转移至衬垫13和/或13A上，并且使书写的图像留在衬垫13和/或13A的剥离面或硅化面上。此类书写的实例可以有，用钢笔、铅笔、记号笔、击打式打印机、打字机或类似的装置的书写，所述装置产生能够在下方的成像衬垫13和/或13A上产生图像的足够强的冲击。背驮式构造，也被称为背负式，可体现在各种宽度布置中，例如以图1A至1I的实施方案描述的方式，使支撑衬垫13或13A在一侧或两侧上比面材11更宽。
参照图2A至2D，聚合物带材10至少部分地在长度方向显示为在方向L上延伸。仅示出了聚合物带材10的分段，因为聚合物带材10在方向L上可延伸得更长。聚合物带材10显示为具有横向于聚合物带材10的纵向(即往长度方向)维度的微撕裂切口20，并且这可被称为往宽度的方向，例如由W1所示。表述“微”用于表示撕裂切口小(即，可具有小的穿透长度)到它们甚至可能不可见的程度。例如，面材11中的切口的穿透可为微米级，并且可低至0.001mm，并且可不超过2.0mm(即0.001mm至2.0mm)。然而，撕裂切口20可具有超过微米级的穿透深度。因此，表述“微撕裂切口”和“撕裂切口”在本文中将互换地使用。微撕裂切口20从聚合物带材10的一个或两个细长的边缘开始，并且延伸进入面材11和/或支撑衬垫13中，即穿透。穿透度是指从带材10或衬垫13的边缘开始的撕裂切口20的长度。在一个实施方案中，例如穿透度为0.001mm至3.5mm，但可高达10.00mm。考虑其它穿透长度，并且该穿透长度可作为带材10的宽度的函数。考虑的是，穿透度可以小于0.001mm，只要合适的技术能够实现此类穿透。在以更宽的支撑衬垫13为特征的情况下(例如图1B)，进入支撑衬垫13的微撕裂切口20可以显著更长，并且覆盖了暴露的支撑衬垫13的整个宽度。如果面材11偏离带材10的边缘，则微撕裂切口20不从聚合物带材10的面材11的边缘延伸至聚合物带材10的面材11的边缘，同时微撕裂切口20向内延伸足以到达面材11。在图2A和2B中，示出了撕裂切口20从支撑衬垫13的边缘连续延伸(与点刻的切割图案相对)的细长的撕裂切口20，一直延伸至面材11。面材11中的撕裂切口20延伸进入处于支撑衬垫13中的撕裂切口20中。换句话说，撕裂切口20可在支撑衬垫13中制成，并且可在支撑衬垫13的边缘中一直延伸进入面材11中。例如，此类普通的撕裂切口20用单一的加工操作制成。
在另一个实施方案中，在支撑衬垫13中可存在穿孔或多个穿孔20'，也被称为微穿孔。本文中使用穿孔以描述穿过支撑衬垫13但不敞开至支撑衬垫13的边缘的切口，这与撕裂切口20相对，撕裂切口20敞开至面材11的边缘和支撑衬垫13的边缘。穿孔20'形成为限定穿孔线的一系列切口和连结(又称为斑点(flicks))，显示为点刻图案或点状图案。穿孔20'可垂直于卷状的带材10的解卷方向，从而允许更受控地撕裂带材。进入支撑衬垫13的此类穿孔20'可与微切口20对齐或在微切口20之间的任意地方，或可仅在某些微切口20之间。穿孔20'可为圆形，不过可考虑任意其它形状。在另一个实施方案中，可存在进入支撑衬垫13中的穿孔的一条线20'或穿孔的多条线20'，所述穿孔平行于卷状的带材10的解卷方向，从而允许更受控地纵向撕裂带材10。穿孔20'可以是成串或成行的小点或针孔或小切口，穿孔20'彼此靠近以有助于切割期望尺寸分段的带材10。此外，任意形状或形式的穿孔20'可以与任意形状或形式的撕裂切口20对齐(或从其延伸)，以促进手工切割或分割带材10。例如，在一个实施方案中，穿孔20'在支撑衬垫13中形成并且与面材11中的撕裂切口20共线，如在图2C和2D中。在一个实施方案中，穿孔20'不穿孔通过支撑衬垫13。相反，微压花在支撑衬垫13中形成，并且可损坏支撑衬垫13以促进它的沿着该微压花的撕裂。在一个实施方案中，考虑的是，提供了进入支撑衬垫13中的更长的切口(即横向狭缝)而不是穿孔线。与图2A-2D中的从衬垫13的边缘开始的撕裂切口20相对比，此类更长的切口可在离所述边缘一定距离处开始。对于此类更长的切口，纸衬垫13将被撕裂直到它到达所述更长的切口，然后该衬垫将继续撕裂直到所述撕裂到达面材11(即在撕裂切口20处)，使该撕裂扩大进入面材11中。作为另一变体，例如具有纸衬垫的聚合物带材，延伸超过面材11的衬垫13的部分可不具有任何撕裂切口20或穿孔20'，撕裂切口20仅在面材11中，在该衬垫已被撕裂并且该撕裂到达面材11时，面材11开始撕裂。
参考图2C和2D，示例性实施方案示出了撕裂切口20与穿孔20'的组合。撕裂切口20在支撑衬垫13中形成，并且另一个在面材11中形成。穿孔20'是穿过支撑衬垫13形成的，并且与撕裂切口20在一条线上并且在宽度方向延伸。一个此类穿孔20'与面材11中的撕裂切口20连通。换句话说，由一系列的穿孔(或“切口”)和联系形成支撑衬垫13中的穿孔线，该穿孔线的穿孔20'之一延伸穿过支撑衬垫13和面材11二者，由此在面材11中形成撕裂切口20。因此，使用者在由支撑衬垫13的边缘处的撕裂切口20的引导下可撕裂该支撑衬垫13，并且经由穿孔线20'被引导撕裂面材11，所述穿孔线20'从在衬垫13中的撕裂切口20延伸至在面材11中的撕裂切口20。与撕裂切口20对齐的穿孔20'将撕裂引向面材11中的撕裂切口20。
微撕裂切口20可存在于图1A至2D中的任意一个的聚合物带材10中。此外，在其中支撑衬垫13比面材11更宽并且延伸超过它的构造中(例如图1B和1C)，微撕裂切口20可从由支撑衬垫13限定的聚合物带材10的侧向边缘延伸，并且连续延伸进入面材11中，如图2A和2B中所示。微撕裂切口20可被中断，并且接着点刻线图案的穿孔20'。这可存在于其中支撑衬垫13比面材11更宽的聚合物带材10中。
在一个实施方案中，微撕裂切口20垂直于聚合物带材10的纵向边缘，但也可使用其它横向关系，例如自该纵向边缘的30度和150度之间，这取决于最终用途的切割角度要求(所述角度可在该范围之外)。因此，也可使用成角度的微撕裂切口20。作为另一种可能性，微撕裂切口20可仅切割穿过面材11，仅切割穿过支撑衬垫13，或切割穿过两者。作为实例，微撕裂切口20可为直线或成角度的线。然而，也可使用其它形状用于微撕裂切口20，例如箭头形、点状、半圆形、正方形、矩形、三角形、多边形、不规则形状、非对称形状或它们的任意组合等。
图1A至2D是示意性的并且可以不是按比例的。尽管其它厚度是可能的，但现在给出某些示例性厚度，以限定预期的实施方案。面材11的厚度可在0.4密耳至6.0密耳之间，或0.4密耳和12密耳之间，但也可更薄或更厚，例如达到低至0.2密耳或厚至40密耳的厚度。在以多孔或海绵状材料例如泡沫为特征的实施方案中，面材的厚度可大于40密耳。支撑衬垫13的厚度可在0.4密耳和20密耳之间。
图2A至2D可提供说明微撕裂切口20的深度、位置和/或取向。例如，微撕裂切口20可彼此更靠近，例如，沿着纵向边缘间隔低至0.3mm，和/或高至30.0mm(不过步长可超出此范围)，但是在一个实施方案中至多6.5mm。这可被称为切口20之间的步长。在一个实施方案中，切口20之间的步长为1.58mm±0.30mm。但在另一个实施方案中，切口之间的步长为约3.17mm±0.30mm。微撕裂切口20可沿着聚合物带材10的长度L以均匀的间隔分布，而不仅仅是在图2A至2D的两个离散位置处，即步长可以是恒定的或可变化。例如，切口20之间的步长可以是间歇的，例如1.58mm±0.30mm接着3.17mm±0.30mm的重复图案。在一个实施方案中，切口20之间的步长可以是重复图案，或可以是不规则的图案，例如不对称的图案，或在重复和/或图案之间有某些间隔。
聚合物带材10可以固定长度的条带出现，或也可以卷状出现。由于完全沿着带材10的撕裂切口20的存在，因此聚合物带材10为使用者提供了使用者方便地撕裂所需长度的带材10的可能性。在使用者施加撕裂或剪切力时，撕裂切口20限定了沿着聚合物带材10的纵向边缘的撕裂薄弱处，这防止过度伸长，并且引导撕裂沿着由微撕裂切口20之一引起的路径。无论撕裂切口20在面材11和/或衬垫13(如果存在的)中，与类似的但没有撕裂切口20的带材相比，带材10的分段的撕裂线会相对边缘平滑。
使用聚合物带材10的方法可包括将聚合物带材10从卷展开，如果卷状的话；在所需长度的聚合物带材10处施加撕裂力，所述撕裂力将在面材11和/或衬垫13中扩大；在聚合物带材10的撕裂分段的信息接收面材11上添加信息；从该聚合物带材10的撕裂分段中去除支撑衬垫13，以暴露粘合剂表面；和/或将该聚合物带材10的粘合剂表面压在物体上。可以任意特定的顺序实现这些步骤。在无衬垫带材例如自缠绕的带材的情况下，将省略去除支撑衬垫的步骤，并且粘合剂涂布的带材面材的撕裂可以通过以下方式来实现：引起切割穿过面材中的撕裂切口并且通过将带材压至物体上继续将粘性面材施加至表面上。在为静电吸附带材的情况下，面材通过内聚力粘附至基底上。
聚合物带材10的一个目的是促进手动撕裂或切割聚合物带材，该聚合物带材任选地处在支撑衬垫上，由于聚合物会伸长或硬得足以抵挡撕裂的性质，该目的以其它方式是困难的。在面材11和/或支撑衬垫13的聚合物材料中的微撕裂切口20会允许在带材面材和支撑衬垫(如果存在的话)的边缘上引起破裂，并且该破裂(例如撕裂条)会继续穿过面材11和/或支撑衬垫13的聚合物。
在一个实施方案中，作为第一步骤，可在支撑衬垫13中将撕裂切口20撕裂，以允许在不撕裂面材11的情况下从面材11剥去衬垫13。在另一个实施方案中，支撑衬垫13可具有在宽度方向延伸的狭缝，以便于剥去衬垫13。
通过另外的实例，图3A至3D示出了本公开的聚合物带材10的不同实施方案。在图3A中，示出了图1B的聚合物带材10，其中微撕裂切口20从支撑衬垫13的纵向边缘延伸并且进入面材11的侧向边缘。在图3B中，示出了图1C的聚合物带材10，其中在一侧上微撕裂切口20从支撑衬垫13的纵向边缘延伸并且进入面材11的侧向边缘，并且在另一侧上微撕裂切口20从面材11的纵向边缘和支撑衬垫13的纵向边缘二者并流地延伸。在图3C中，示出了图1E的聚合物带材10，其中微撕裂切口20从支撑衬垫13的纵向边缘延伸并且进入面材11的侧向边缘。在图3D中，示出了图1F的聚合物带材10，其中在一侧上微撕裂切口20从支撑衬垫13的纵向边缘延伸并且进入面材11的侧向边缘，并且在另一侧上微撕裂切口20从面材11的纵向边缘和支撑衬垫13的纵向边缘二者并流地延伸。在图3C和3D中，作为实例所示，所示带材10具有无效的粘合剂区域和/或不含粘合剂的区域14。此类区域也可存在于图3A和3B的实施方案中，位于面材11的一侧或两侧上。考虑的是，在双面带材或安装带材的情况下，无效的粘合剂区域14或不含粘合剂的区域可位于面材11的两面上。作为实例，微撕裂切口20可以是直的或成角度的线，也可以是由未切割区域中断的多个切口(即切口和连结，点刻线图案)例如穿孔20'，如图6C和6D中所例示。其它形状也可用于微撕裂切口20，例如箭头形状、点状、半圆形、正方形、矩形、三角形、多边形、不规则形状、非对称形状、形状的组合或形状的各种元素和它们组合，或可以提供用于切割本文中所述的带材的功能的任意其它形状。穿孔20'形成撕裂条，所述撕裂条与微撕裂切口20可对齐或可不对齐。
在其它实施方案中，如图4A至4F中所示，聚合物带材10可具有涂布在面材11的下面和上面二者上的粘合剂层12。此类具有两层粘合剂12的带材10可被称为双面带材或双面安装带材。在一个实施方案中，双面带材可在一面或双面上具有静电吸附能力，并且出于本公开的目的，这可被视为粘合剂。此类双面带材10在带材的一面或双面上可具有或可不具有支撑衬垫13，或可不包含施加至所述下面和/或上面的粘合剂层12上的支撑衬垫。图4A至4F示出了不同构造，其中支撑衬垫13具有与面材11相同的宽度或比面材11更宽。将本文中所述的微撕裂切口20的各种构造施加于双面带材10。在带材10具有两个衬垫13时，微撕裂切口20(和任选存在的穿孔20')可位于一个或两个衬垫13上。双面带材10可成卷存在。
由于带材10在它的各种实施方案中可以卷状存在，因此考虑的是提供粘合剂的层或条15，以有助于所述卷保持它的盘绕的形状，例如使卷不轴向解卷或锥形化(cone)。图5A至5J示出了具有此类粘合剂的层或条15的上述带材10的构造的各种实施方案。因此，附图数字与前述附图中的附图数字一致。在图5A至5N中，示出了带材10的两个横截面，即一个在另一个的顶部上，类似于卷状的带材10的布置方式，该带材10自行卷绕。粘合剂的层或条15可位于面材11和/或支撑衬垫13等之间。在一个实施方案中，粘合剂的层或条15是低粘性粘合剂，该低粘性粘合剂可为可移除的和/或可复位的。在另一个实施方案中，粘合剂的层或条15是静电吸附。在另一个实施方案中，粘合剂的层或条15为具有防止带材圈滑移和伸展的性能的涂层和/或清漆。所述条15的位置也可变化，如它可更居中等等。示出了左手侧的位置(例如图5B)作为实例。可考虑其它合适的方式以防止带材圈滑移和伸展，例如以下关于其它实施方案所述。
在另一实施方案中，考虑的是仅在衬垫13中提供附加的穿孔20'，如图6A至6E中所示。在支撑衬垫13中的附加穿孔是仅在支撑衬垫13中的穿孔20'(在相邻穿孔20'之间具有斑点)，该穿孔20'限定为从一个边缘至另一个边缘(支撑衬垫13的一侧至另一侧)在宽度方向延伸的穿孔线。此类附加的后侧穿孔20'用于帮助用微撕裂切口20引起的定向切割，使得带材10的最终切割分段是直的。图6A-6E中的视图是后视图并且将仅示出衬垫13(隐藏面材11)。但是为了清楚，示出了面材11的界线。图6C和6D示出了可存在间歇性的穿孔20'，也被称为撕裂条、穿孔线、点刻线、撕裂线，该穿孔20'从支撑衬垫13的侧边缘向上延伸至在带材10的同一侧上的面材11的边缘(如图2C和2D)，同时其它穿孔20'从支撑衬垫13的一侧延伸至另一侧，同时不穿透面材11，即在其它穿孔20'与面材11相对时，它们为衬垫13独有。如图6E中所示，衬垫13独有的穿孔20'可在支撑衬垫13中的纵向方向上延伸，而不是如图6A至6D中在宽度方向延伸。考虑纵向取向与宽度方向取向二者上的穿孔20'的组合。
参考图7A至7F，根据上述各种实施方案的聚合物带材10以卷/盘绕的构造示出。图7A示出了图1A的聚合物带材10的实施方案，其中面材11和支撑衬垫13具有相同的宽度(尽管支撑衬垫13可以不存在)。在图7A中，单个撕裂切口20沿着带材10的两个边缘延伸穿过支撑衬垫13和面材11，尽管撕裂切口20可在单侧边缘上，并且该单侧边缘将是撕裂边缘(也称为可撕裂的边缘)。图7B示出了图1B的聚合物带材的实施方案，其中衬垫13比面材11更宽，使得在聚合物带材10的两个边缘处该衬垫13在宽度方向延伸超过该面材11。在图7B中，如关于图3A所述那样布置穿孔20'。图7C示出了图1C的聚合物带材的实施方案，其中衬垫13比面材11更宽，使得仅在聚合物带材10的一个边缘处该衬垫13在宽度方向延伸超过该面材11。在图7C中，穿孔20'和微撕裂切口20如关于图3B所述的那样布置。图7D至7F示出了卷绕/盘绕的构造的聚合物带材10，其中该面材11和该支撑衬垫13具有相同的宽度(图7D)，其中该衬垫13比该面材11更宽使得在聚合物带材10的两个边缘处该衬垫13在宽度方向延伸超过该面材11(图7E)，并且其中该衬垫13比该面材11更宽，使得仅在聚合物带材10的一个边缘处该衬垫13在宽度方向延伸超过该面材11(图7F)。在图7D至7F中的每一个中，支撑衬垫13具有在聚合物带材10的纵向方向上和宽度方向上形成穿孔线的穿孔20'。如图所示，在宽度方向的穿孔线从聚合物带材10的一个边缘延伸至另一个边缘。同样如图所示，在实施方案中，在面材11中的每一个以单个破折号形式的撕裂切口20被限定在面材11的两个纵向边缘上，但是也可以在所述两个纵向边缘之一上。撕裂切口20与支撑衬垫13独有的穿孔线20'可交替，如图6C至6E中所示。衬垫13和面材11中的撕裂切口20与衬垫13中的穿孔线20'可对齐或可不对齐。在生产用压机上可用多于一个的工具制造撕裂切口20和穿孔线20'，因此彼此可对齐或可不对齐。
撕裂切口20的存在有助于撕裂聚合物，因为聚合物可具有伸长和塑性变形的趋势。在应用于在本文中所述的所有实施方案的变体中，支撑衬垫13由聚合物制成或包含聚合物，同时面材11可或可不由聚合物制成或包含聚合物。例如，面材11可为纸。因此，表述“聚合物带材10”应用于其中支撑衬垫13由聚合物制成或包含聚合物同时面材11可由纸制成的各种实施方案。
在图8A至8D中，示出了根据以上讨论的实施方案的聚合物带材10的实施例，该聚合物带材10呈盘绕构造以便于形成带材卷。聚合物带材10可为以上讨论的它的各种实施方案中的任意一个，因此相似的附图数字是代表相似的特征。
图8A至8C分别示出了聚合物带材10的卷，其中面材11和支撑衬垫13具有相同的宽度W1(图8A)，在面材11的一侧上(图8B)和在面材11的两侧上(图8C)该支撑衬垫13在宽度方向延伸超过该面材11。为了将聚合物带材10保持在盘绕构造中(防止轴向锥形化和/或防止展开)，粘合剂的层16在所述卷的轴向端面(或圆盘面，或侧面)17上延伸，最好见于图8D。粘合剂的层16限定了带材卷的大致平坦的轴向端面17。纵向边缘分段通过粘合剂的层16相互连接。带材10的纵向边缘分段可部分地或全部地沿着盘绕构造的带材10的长度嵌入粘合剂的层16中。随着带材10被展开，被展开的带材10的分段可沿着卷的***逐渐地从粘合剂的层16分离。
在图8D中，卷的两个轴向端面17都由粘合剂的层16覆盖，尽管考虑只有一个轴向端面17可具有粘合剂的层16。在其中仅一个轴向端面17可具有粘合剂的层16的实施例中，粘合剂的层16可在轴向端面17上，其中支撑衬垫13延伸超过面材11，以便于避免面材11和粘合剂16之间的接触。此外，尽管示出粘合剂的层16为圆盘形，但该粘合剂的层16可仅覆盖轴向端面17的一部分。例如，如在图8E、8F和8G中所示，粘合剂的层16可为从该盘的中心至圆周(即半径)的直线，它可以直径方式延伸，形成十字等。图8E、8F和8G的图示分别对应于图8A、8B、8C的实施方案，但是具有粘合剂的线16而不是整个面盘。如图所示，粘合剂的层16限定了在轴向端面17中的中心开口18。中心开口18可以接收由纸板或聚合物塑料制成管材，也称为芯，在该管材上卷绕带材10或简单地形成该卷的中空中心空间。粘合剂的层16可为任意合适的粘合剂，例如基于水的粘合剂、乳液粘合剂、热熔粘合剂、橡胶粘合剂、胶乳粘合剂、硅酮粘合剂、丙烯酸粘合剂、UV可固化粘合剂、LED UV可固化粘合剂或任意其它合适的粘合剂。作为优选的实施方案，粘合剂可为低粘性的、可除去的或可复位的粘合剂。作为另一个实施方案，粘合剂可为快干粘合剂。粘合剂可为任意类型的涂料，该涂料具有促进带材10的圈的内聚性和保持检查所述卷的完整性的能力。可使用其它粘合剂。粘合剂的层16可形成柔性(柔性和/或弹性)的圆盘或线，以防止盘绕的带材10的轴向锥形化。在聚合物带材10呈卷状时，在本文中所述的任意实施方案中，在一个或两个轴向端面17上可使用粘合剂16。此外，在没有撕裂切口20的带材10的实施方案中可使用侧向的粘合剂的层16，其中面材11和/或支撑衬垫13不一定是聚合物。此外，在没有撕裂切口20的带材10的实施方案中可使用侧向的粘合剂的层16，其中面材11和/或支撑衬垫13不一定是聚合物，并且沿着带材具有缺口，使得带材10是与粘合剂的层16保持在一起的卷状标签带材。粘合剂的层16在径向方向上可以是连续的。
在一个实施方案中，粘合剂的层16的厚度T1在0.001mm和3.0mm之间。它甚至可以小于0.001mm，例如如果技术允许它可以是纳米级的。在另一个实施方案中，厚度T1小于0.01mm，在另一个实施方案中，厚度T1等于或小于0.5mm。此类厚度T1只是某些可能的厚度，这取决于带材10的实施方案。另外，虽然所示为不透明层，但是粘合剂的层16可以是透明的或半不透明的。
在如上所述的带材10的各种布置中，在使用带材10中可使用如下方法。用于撕裂聚合物带材10的方法可包括各种步骤或动作，包括：用第一对手指和第二对手指抓住聚合物带材的一部分，所述第一对手指和所述第二对手指位于所述聚合物带材的第一纵向边缘中的撕裂切口的相对侧面上；通过用所述第一对手指和所述第二对手指施加剪切动作，在所述聚合物带材中的撕裂切口处引起撕裂；并且通过所述剪切动作将所述撕裂扩大至该聚合物带材的第二纵向边缘，以产生与该聚合物带材的剩余物分离的聚合物带材的分段。所述方法可另外包括如下步骤或动作，例如：在撕裂切口处引起撕裂包括撕裂支撑衬垫以使撕裂到达在聚合物带材的面材中的撕裂切口；通过沿着该支撑衬垫中的穿孔线扩大该撕裂来撕裂所述支撑衬垫；在所述抓住之前从卷展开一定长度的所述聚合物带材；和/或从所述分段中的面材去除所述支撑衬垫。
参考图9A至9F，提供了测试样品以说明一种预期的方式，以量化(例如比较)相对于不具有此类撕裂切口20的聚合物带材，撕裂如以上关于各种实施方案所讨论的具有撕裂切口20的聚合物带材10的倾向性(例如便利性)。如在附图中观察到的，修剪样品以将样品的长度减小至约30mm。在图9E和9F中，样品带材10具有25.4mm的宽度；在图9A、9B、9C和9D中，样品带材10具有延伸的衬垫超过面材约3.2mm的额外宽度。根据所示实施方案，用此类样品进行撕裂测试，以测定和/或比较在聚合物带材10的宽度方向上的耐撕裂性，与没有撕裂切口20的样品进行比较。下表定义了所测试的聚合物带材的特性：
表1-样品描述
Figure BDA0003722308050000201
在样品A和A’中，支撑衬垫13是由Avery Dennison Corporation制造的纸支撑衬垫材料Spec#72828。除了支撑衬垫13是1.5密耳的透明聚酯PET衬垫，样品B和B’类似于样品A和A’。在样品C和C’中，测试了透明的无衬垫面材静电吸附聚丙烯面材。根据测试方案，带材条30以横向方式粘附至聚合物带材样品。带材条30(约13mm×89mm)位于该聚合物带材样品的两面，使得在延伸超过所述聚合物带材样品约65mm时，带材条30为面对面(粘合剂对粘合剂)。存在两组此类带材条30，它们之间的3-4mm的间隙对应于撕裂位置。带材条30还限定抓片(grasping tab)31，以通过测试设备抓住。
图9G示出了在拉伸测试期间此类样品中的一个，其中载荷(以牛顿为单位)是通过以下方式来测量：夹具或夹钳40抓住所述抓片31并且在该抓片31对之间的间隙处进行样品10的撕裂动作。此类拉伸测试可使用任意合适的通用测试机(UTM)进行，也已知为拉伸强度测试机(例如，又称为张力计)，商业上用于带材和标签材料制造或用于聚合物膜制造的领域。
作为实施例，使用MTS INSIGHT装置进行如图9G中的测试，用高达50kN的载荷量延伸长度用于测试样品。取决于每个样品所需的载荷，将5N和100N的两个不同的测力仪安装在该装置中。在准静态加载下进行撕裂测试，这是指夹钳40中的一个保持静态，而上方的夹钳40以50毫米/分钟的延伸速率移动。在加载期间和撕裂期间记录样品上的载荷和样品延伸值。数据采集速率设置为60(即每秒记录60个数据)。对样品A、B、C中的每一个，研究8个不同的带材样品以得到平均值。
聚合物带材的撕裂过程包括两个阶段：1)边缘的初始破裂，这需要一定的力(最大载荷)，单位为牛顿(N)；和2)初始破裂的扩大，这导致带材的其余部分的撕裂。在5N的测力仪下测试样品A、B和C，这些样品发生初始破裂和初始破裂的扩大。另一方面，在100N的测力仪下测试样品A’、B’和C’，这些样品既没有发生初始断裂也没有发生扩大。
由UTM的相应夹钳40在相反方向上拉动粘附至样品上的抓片31。此类测试可基于例如合适的ASTM标准来进行。下表示出了图9A至9F中的每个样品的测试结果：
表2-测试结果
Figure BDA0003722308050000211
表2列出了每个样品在初始破裂期间测量到的最大载荷。它表示开始撕裂每个样品所需的力，以牛顿为单位。具有或不具有撕裂切口/微撕裂切口的每个样品之间的比较表明了开始撕裂不具有任何撕裂切口/微撕裂切口(这出于样品制备的限制从未实现；具体而言，对于A’、B’和C’样品，带材条30开始与带材样品10分开)的样品所需的力的增加。对具有撕裂切口的带材样品的撕裂力(该撕裂力也包括撕裂起始和撕裂扩大)显著更低，不过与引起不具有撕裂切口的相同带材的撕裂所需的撕裂力相比，至少减小1％的任何减小都是可能的。作为变体，与不具有撕裂切口的类似带材相比，对具有撕裂切口的聚合物带材的撕裂力减小了5％或更多。还在另一变体中，与不具有撕裂切口的类似带材相比，对具有撕裂切口的聚合物带材的撕裂力减小了10％或更多。还在另一变体中，与不具有撕裂切口的类似带材相比，对具有撕裂切口的聚合物带材的撕裂力减小了20％或更多。还在另一变体中，与不具有撕裂切口的类似带材相比，具有撕裂切口的聚合物带材的撕裂力减小了50％或更多。
表2的测试结果表明，与具有此类撕裂切口20的样品相比，不具有撕裂切口20的样品的撕裂起始值的增加达到至少1645％。结果表明，与不具有撕裂切口的样品相比，具有撕裂切口的样品需要至少小17.45倍的力以引起撕裂(分别为22.86N和1.31N)。表2的值仅作为实施例给出，并且取决于各种因素，包括面材材料类型、支撑衬垫类型、材料组件的厚度、样品制备细节、设备精度等。提供这些值仅仅是为了证明在带材中不具有撕裂切口的情况下所需的撕裂力更高。

Claims (50)

1.聚合物带材，其包含：
面材，所述面材在长度方向延伸，所述面材至少包含聚合物，
粘合剂层，所述粘合剂层处在所述面材的第一表面上，和
撕裂切口，所述撕裂切口在所述面材的至少一个纵向边缘中形成并且向内延伸，完全沿着所述面材的所述至少一个纵向边缘提供所述撕裂切口。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物带材，所述聚合物带材另外包含支撑衬垫，所述支撑衬垫可剥离地粘附至所述粘合剂层。
3.根据权利要求2所述的聚合物带材，其中，在所述支撑衬垫中形成撕裂切口。
4.根据权利要求2和3中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述支撑衬垫比所述面材更宽，使得所述支撑衬垫在宽度方向延伸超过所述面材的所述至少一个纵向边缘中的至少一个。
5.根据权利要求2至4中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，所述聚合物带材在所述支撑衬垫的与具有所述粘合剂层的表面相对的表面上另外包含低粘性粘合剂。
6.根据权利要求1至5中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述聚合物带材为在所述面材的第二表面上具有另一粘合剂层的双面带材。
7.根据权利要求6所述的聚合物带材，所述聚合物带材另外包含至少一个支撑衬垫，所述支撑衬垫可剥离地粘附至所述粘合剂层和/或至所述另一粘合剂层。
8.根据权利要求7所述的聚合物带材，其中，低粘性粘合剂位于所述聚合物带材的叠加部分的支撑衬垫之间。
9.根据权利要求8所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述低粘性粘合剂为仅覆盖所述支撑衬垫的部分宽度的条带。
10.根据权利要求1至9中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，使相邻的撕裂切口之间间隔至多6.5mm。
11.根据权利要求1至9中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，使相邻的撕裂切口之间间隔1.28mm至3.47mm的距离。
12.根据权利要求2至5中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，将所述聚合物带材缠绕成卷，在所述卷的至少一个侧向端面上提供有粘合剂的层。
13.根据权利要求1至12中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，相对于所述面材的纵向边缘，所述撕裂切口以30度至150度之间的角度存在。
14.根据权利要求2至5中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，所述聚合物带材另外包含微穿孔，所述微穿孔形成了在所述支撑衬垫中的在宽度方向延伸的撕裂线。
15.根据权利要求14所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述形成撕裂线的微穿孔与所述支撑衬垫中的撕裂切口对齐。
16.根据权利要求14至15中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述形成撕裂线的微穿孔与所述面材中的撕裂切口对齐。
17.根据权利要求1至16中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述撕裂切口穿透进所述面材0.001mm至10.00mm。
18.根据权利要求1至16中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述撕裂切口穿透进所述面材0.001mm至2.0mm。
19.根据权利要求1所述的聚合物带材，所述聚合物带材另外包含可剥离地粘附至所述粘合剂层的支撑衬垫，和仅存在于所述支撑衬垫中的穿孔线。
20.根据权利要求19所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述穿孔线与所述面材中的撕裂切口对齐。
21.根据权利要求1至20中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述撕裂切口位于所述面材的两个纵向边缘上。
22.根据权利要求1至21中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述面材包括热塑性膜、热固性材料、硅橡胶、金属箔、织物、泡沫、纸、纤维素纤维、磁性材料、纳米复合材料中的一种或多种。
23.根据权利要求1至22中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述粘合剂层为静电吸附表面。
24.根据权利要求1至23中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，将沿着所述纵向边缘中的至少一个的所述粘合剂层的一部分无效。
25.根据权利要求7所述的聚合物带材，所述聚合物带材包含了在所述双面带材的粘合剂层与另一粘合剂层二者上的支撑衬垫，并且其中所述支撑衬垫比所述面材更宽，使得所述支撑衬垫在宽度方向延伸超过所述面材的至少一个纵向边缘。
26.根据权利要求1至25中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，所述聚合物带材另外包含在所述面材上的清漆和/或油墨和/或吸墨性涂层和/或层压物。
27.根据权利要求2至5中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，所述聚合物带材包含在所述支撑衬垫中的至少一个狭缝，所述狭缝在所述纵向方向上延伸。
28.根据权利要求2至5中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，将所述支撑衬垫通过另一粘合剂层以背负式构造安装至所述另一支撑衬垫上。
29.根据权利要求1至28中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，所述聚合物带材另外包含在所述面材中、下或上的至少一个电子元件。
30.聚合物带材，所述聚合物带材包含：
面材，所述面材在长度方向延伸，
粘合剂层，所述粘合剂层处在所述面材的第一表面上，
支撑衬垫，所述支撑衬垫可剥离地粘附至所述粘合剂层，所述支撑衬垫至少包含聚合物，和
撕裂切口，所述撕裂切口在所述支撑衬垫的至少一个纵向边缘中形成并且向内延伸，完全沿着所述支撑衬垫的所述至少一个纵向边缘提供所述撕裂切口。
31.根据权利要求30所述的聚合物带材，其中，撕裂切口在所述面材中形成，并且与在所述支撑衬垫中的撕裂切口对齐。
32.根据权利要求30和31中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述支撑衬垫比所述面材更宽，使得所述支撑衬垫在宽度方向延伸超过所述面材的所述至少一个纵向边缘中的至少一个。
33.根据权利要求30至32中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，使相邻的撕裂切口之间间隔至多6.5mm。
34.根据权利要求30至32中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，相邻的撕裂切口之间间隔1.28mm至3.47mm的距离。
35.根据权利要求30至34中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，将所述聚合物带材缠绕成卷，在所述卷的至少一个侧向端面上提供有粘合剂的层。
36.根据权利要求30至35中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，相对于所述支撑衬垫的纵向边缘，所述撕裂切口以30度至150度之间的角度存在。
37.根据权利要求30至36中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述撕裂切口穿透进所述面材0.001mm至10.00mm。
38.根据权利要求30至36中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述撕裂切口穿透进所述面材0.001mm至2.00mm。
39.根据权利要求30至38中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，所述撕裂切口位于所述支撑衬垫的两个纵向边缘上。
40.根据权利要求1至39中的任意一项所述的聚合物带材，其中，与引起不具有撕裂切口的相同带材的撕裂所需的撕裂力相比，引起所述撕裂所需的撕裂力至少小10％。
41.带材卷，所述带材卷包含：
带材，所述带材至少包含在长度方向延伸的面材，
粘合剂层，所述粘合剂层处在所述面材的第一表面上，
支撑衬垫，所述支撑衬垫可剥离地粘附至所述粘合剂层，其中将所述带材缠绕成卷；和
粘合剂的层，所述粘合剂的层在所述卷的至少一个侧向端面上提供。
42.根据权利要求41所述的带材卷，其中，所述粘合剂的层具有圆盘形状。
43.根据权利要求41所述的带材卷，其中，所述粘合剂的层限定在所述侧向端面上的从所述带材卷的中心延伸至所述带材卷的圆周的至少一条线。
44.根据权利要求41和43中的任意一项所述的带材卷，其中，所述支撑衬垫比所述面材更宽，使得所述支撑衬垫在宽度方向延伸超过所述面材的所述至少一个纵向边缘中的至少一个。
45.根据权利要求41和44中的任意一项所述的带材卷，其中，所述带材是双面带材，所述双面带材具有在所述面材的第二表面上的另一粘合剂层和可剥离地粘附至所述另一粘合剂层的另一支撑衬垫。
46.用于撕裂聚合物带材的方法，所述方法包括：
用第一对手指和第二对手指抓住聚合物带材的一部分，所述第一对手指和所述第二对手指在所述聚合物带材的第一纵向边缘中的撕裂切口的相对侧面上；
通过用所述第一对手指和所述第二对手指施加剪切动作，在所述聚合物带材中的撕裂切口处引起撕裂；并且
通过所述剪切动作将所述撕裂扩大至所述聚合物带材的所述第二纵向边缘，以产生与所述聚合物带材的剩余物分离的所述聚合物带材的分段。
47.根据权利要求46所述的方法，其中，在所述撕裂切口处引起撕裂包括撕裂支撑衬垫以使撕裂到达所述聚合物带材的面材中的撕裂切口。
48.根据权利要求47所述的方法，其中，撕裂所述支撑衬垫包括沿着所述支撑衬垫中的穿孔线扩大所述撕裂。
49.根据权利要求46至48中的任意一项所述的方法，所述方法另外包括在所述抓住之前从卷展开一定长度的所述聚合物带材。
50.根据权利要求46至49中的任意一项所述的方法，所述方法另外包括从所述分段中的面材去除所述支撑衬垫。
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