CN114892588B - Step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device and test method - Google Patents
Step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114892588B CN114892588B CN202210658510.2A CN202210658510A CN114892588B CN 114892588 B CN114892588 B CN 114892588B CN 202210658510 A CN202210658510 A CN 202210658510A CN 114892588 B CN114892588 B CN 114892588B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/02—Hydraulic models
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device and a test method, belongs to the technical field of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering flood discharge and sand discharge tunnel model tests, and aims to efficiently and conveniently study the influence of various factors on flood discharge and sand discharge through the model test. The electromagnetic flow controller comprises a water inlet tank, an electromagnetic flow controller, a step main tank and a water outlet tank, wherein the water inlet tank comprises a water inlet valve pipe and a magnetic stirrer; the step main box comprises a replaceable step, a miniature propeller flow velocity meter, a movable water passing plate, an adjusting screw, an adjusting opening and a baffle water outlet; the water outlet box is provided with a grading filter screen and a water outlet valve pipe; the water inlet tank is connected with the step main tank through an electromagnetic flow controller; the water outlet tank is arranged below the water outlet of the baffle plate of the step main tank. The model test device and the test method provided by the invention have important practical significance and popularization value for the technical field of flood discharge and sand discharge tunnels.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering tunnels and flood discharge and sand discharge, in particular to a step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device and a test method.
Background
The foundation construction of China continues to keep developing steadily and rapidly. Along with the sequential proposal of policies such as the national development of green engineering and the like, the hydraulic power generation engineering is taken as the green energy-saving engineering, and the construction technology of the step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge hole is continuously developed. The flood discharge and sand discharge hole mainly plays a role of water conservancy junction flood discharge as a water discharge building, and previous researches show that the energy dissipation rate of the smooth flood discharge and sand discharge hole is only about 10%, the maximum energy dissipation rate of the stepped flood discharge and sand discharge hole can reach more than 90%, and the stepped flood discharge and sand discharge hole has obvious advantages in terms of energy dissipation rate.
Considering that the research on the step type flood discharge and sand discharge hole mostly adopts a numerical simulation method, no mature model test device is used for carrying out simulation experiments according to engineering practice at present. Therefore, it is needed to provide a test device and a test method for a step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model, so as to study the energy dissipation rate and the sand remaining amount of the step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge in engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a test device and a test method for a step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model, which are used for researching the influence of different steps, different flow rates and different levels of sand distribution on the energy dissipation rate and the sand retention amount of the step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge device by adopting the principle of controlling variables, and further comprehensively researching and analyzing the optimal configuration of the step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge device under different states. Has important practical significance and popularization value for the field of flood discharge and sand drain tunnel engineering in hydraulic engineering.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
a step-like flood discharge and sand discharge model test device, comprising:
the water inlet tank comprises a water inlet valve pipe and a magnetic stirrer, the step main tank comprises a replaceable step, a miniature propeller flow rate meter, a movable water passing plate, an adjusting screw, an adjusting opening and a baffle water outlet, the water outlet tank comprises a grading filter screen and a water outlet valve pipe, the water inlet tank is connected with the step main tank through the electromagnetic flow controller, and the water outlet tank is arranged below the baffle water outlet of the step main tank.
The replaceable steps in the step main box can be changed in step progression, step gradient and step height according to test requirements.
The movable water passing plate is arranged in the step main box, and an adjusting screw is arranged below the movable water passing plate.
The step main box is provided with an adjusting opening, and the adjusting screw rod penetrates through the adjusting opening to be connected with the movable water passing plate.
The replaceable steps in the step main box are connected with the box body through a dovetail structure.
And a miniature propeller flow velocity meter is arranged in the step main box.
The water inlet tank is provided with a magnetic stirrer.
The water outlet box is provided with a grading filter screen which consists of three-level filter screens of 1mm, 2mm and 3 mm.
The invention also provides a testing method of the step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model, which adopts the testing device of the step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model, and comprises the following steps:
test A, different steps influence test to flood discharge and sand discharge:
step A1: determining the grading of model sand according to the grading of the prototype sand of the researched engineering, grading and dyeing sand and adding the sand into a water inlet tank by taking the standard that the grading curve of the model sand is basically parallel to the Sha Jipei curve of the prototype sand;
step A2: opening a water inlet valve tube and opening a magnetic stirrer;
step A3: determining a flow value, opening an electromagnetic flow controller, observing and qualitatively describing a model test water flow state, and recording data of each miniature propeller flow velocity meter;
step A4: closing the electromagnetic flow controller, collecting sand reserved on each step after water is completely flowed, and determining and recording the particle size and the quantity of the sand reserved according to the color;
step A5: taking out sand on the grading filter screen of the water tank, opening a water outlet pipe, discharging waste water and cleaning the test device;
step A6: and (3) replacing the replaceable steps according to the experimental requirements, adjusting the positions of the movable water passing plates according to the heights and the lengths of the steps, and repeating the steps A1 to A5 until the number of the experimental groups is completed.
Test B, the influence test of different flow rates on flood discharge and sand discharge:
steps B1 to B5: steps A1 to A5 are the same;
step B6: and controlling the electromagnetic flow controller to change the flow according to the experimental requirements, and repeating the steps B1 to B5 until the number of the experimental groups is finished.
Test C, test of influence of different stage sand formulation on flood discharge and sand discharge:
steps C1 to C5: steps A1 to A5 are the same;
step C6: changing the grit grading according to the experimental requirement, and repeating the steps C1 to C5 until the number of the experimental groups is completed.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device provided by the invention comprises the water inlet tank, the electromagnetic flow controller, the step main tank and the water outlet tank, and has higher integration and simple and convenient installation, use and operation.
2. The step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device provided by the invention can replace steps and can be replaced or customized according to engineering actual and experimental requirements, and has better engineering adaptability.
3. The step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device provided by the invention can be used for researching the influence of various factors on flood discharge and sand discharge, namely, a control variable method can be adopted to research the influence of a single variable, and a plurality of variables can be changed to research the combined effect of a plurality of influencing factors.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an alternative step schematic.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a movable water passing plate.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device comprises a water inlet tank 1, an electromagnetic flow controller 2, a step main tank 3 and a water outlet tank 4, wherein the water inlet tank 1 comprises a water inlet valve pipe 5 and a magnetic stirrer 6, the step main tank 3 comprises a replaceable step 7, a miniature propeller flow rate meter 8, a movable water passing plate 9, an adjusting screw 13, an adjusting opening 14 and a baffle water outlet 10, the water outlet tank 4 comprises a grading filter screen 11 and a water outlet valve pipe 12, the water inlet tank 1 is connected with the step main tank 3 through the electromagnetic flow controller 2, and the water outlet tank 4 is arranged below the baffle water outlet 10 of the step main tank 3.
The replaceable steps 7 in the step main box 3 can be replaced with the step number, the step gradient and the step height according to test requirements.
The movable water passing plate 7 is arranged in the step main tank 3, and an adjusting screw 13 is arranged below the movable water passing plate 7.
The step main box is provided with an adjusting opening 14, and an adjusting screw 13 penetrates through the adjusting opening to be connected with the movable water passing plate 7.
The replaceable steps in the step main box 3 are connected with the box body through a dovetail structure.
A miniature propeller flow velocity meter 8 is arranged in the step main box 3.
The water inlet tank 1 is provided with a magnetic stirrer 2.
The water outlet tank 4 is provided with a grading filter screen 11 which consists of three-level filter screens of 1mm, 2mm and 3 mm.
The step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test method adopts the step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device, and the test method comprises the following steps:
test A, different steps influence test to flood discharge and sand discharge:
step A1: determining the grading of model sand according to the grading of the prototype sand of the researched engineering, grading and dyeing sand and adding the sand into the water inlet tank 1 by taking the standard that the grading curve of the model sand is basically parallel to the Sha Jipei curve of the prototype sand;
step A2: opening the water inlet valve tube 5 and opening the magnetic stirrer 6;
step A3: determining flow values, opening an electromagnetic flow controller 2, observing and qualitatively describing model test water flow states, and recording data of each micro propeller flow velocity meter 8;
step A4: closing the electromagnetic flow controller 2, collecting sand reserved on each step after water is purified, and determining and recording the particle size and the quantity of the sand reserved according to the color;
step A5: taking out sand on the grading filter screen 11 in the water outlet tank 4, opening the water outlet valve pipe 12, discharging waste water and cleaning the test device;
step A6: and replacing the replaceable steps 7 according to the experimental requirements, adjusting the position of the movable water passing plate 9 according to the height and the length of the steps, and repeating the steps A1 to A5 until the number of the experimental groups is completed.
Test B, the influence test of different flow rates on flood discharge and sand discharge:
steps B1 to B5: steps A1 to A5 are the same;
step B6: and controlling the electromagnetic flow controller 2 to change the flow according to the experimental requirements, and repeating the steps B1 to B5 until the number of the experimental groups is finished.
Test C, test of influence of different stage sand formulation on flood discharge and sand discharge:
steps C1 to C5: steps A1 to A5 are the same;
step C6: changing the grit grading according to the experimental requirement, and repeating the steps C1 to C5 until the number of the experimental groups is completed.
Claims (9)
1. A step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device is characterized in that: the novel electromagnetic flow type water inlet device comprises a water inlet tank, an electromagnetic flow controller, a step main tank and a water outlet tank, wherein the water inlet tank comprises a water inlet valve pipe and a magnetic stirrer, the step main tank comprises a replaceable step, a miniature propeller flow rate meter, a movable water passing plate, an adjusting screw rod, an adjusting opening and a baffle water outlet, the water outlet tank comprises a grading filter screen and a water outlet valve pipe, the water inlet tank is connected with the step main tank through the electromagnetic flow controller, and the water outlet tank is arranged below the baffle water outlet of the step main tank.
2. The step-like flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to claim 1, wherein: the replaceable steps in the step main box can be changed in step progression, step gradient and step height according to test requirements.
3. The step-like flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to claim 1, wherein:
the movable water passing plate is arranged in the step main box, and an adjusting screw is arranged below the movable water passing plate.
4. The step-like flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to claim 1, wherein: the step main box is provided with an adjusting opening, and the adjusting screw rod penetrates through the adjusting opening to be connected with the movable water passing plate.
5. The step-like flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to claim 1, wherein: and a miniature propeller flow velocity meter is arranged in the step main box.
6. The step-like flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to claim 1, wherein: the replaceable steps in the step main box are connected with the box body through a dovetail structure.
7. The step-like flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to claim 1, wherein: the water inlet tank is provided with a magnetic stirrer.
8. The step-like flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to claim 1, wherein: the water outlet box is provided with a grading filter screen which consists of three-level filter screens of 1mm, 2mm and 3 mm.
9. A step-like flood discharge and sand discharge model test method, characterized in that the step-like flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, and the test method is as follows:
test A, different steps influence test to flood discharge and sand discharge:
step A1: determining the grading of model sand according to the grading of the prototype sand of the researched engineering, grading and dyeing sand and adding the sand into a water inlet tank by taking the standard that the grading curve of the model sand is basically parallel to the Sha Jipei curve of the prototype sand;
step A2: opening a water inlet valve tube and opening a magnetic stirrer;
step A3: determining a flow value, opening an electromagnetic flow controller, observing and qualitatively describing a model test water flow state, and recording data of each miniature propeller flow velocity meter;
step A4: closing the electromagnetic flow controller, collecting sand reserved on each step after water is completely flowed, and determining and recording the particle size and the quantity of the sand reserved according to the color;
step A5: taking out sand on the grading filter screen of the water tank, opening a water outlet pipe, discharging waste water and cleaning the test device;
step A6: replacing the replaceable steps according to the experimental requirements, adjusting the positions of the movable water passing plates according to the heights and the lengths of the steps, and repeating the steps A1 to A5 until the number of the experimental groups is completed;
test B, the influence test of different flow rates on flood discharge and sand discharge:
steps B1 to B5: steps A1 to A5 are the same;
step B6: controlling an electromagnetic flow controller to change the flow according to the experimental requirements, and repeating the steps B1 to B5 until the number of the experimental groups is completed;
test C, test of influence of different stage sand formulation on flood discharge and sand discharge:
steps C1 to C5: steps A1 to A5 are the same;
step C6: changing the grit grading according to the experimental requirement, and repeating the steps C1 to C5 until the number of the experimental groups is completed.
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| SU855113A1 (en) * | 1979-12-29 | 1981-08-15 | Государственный Институт По Проектированию Дорожно-Транспортных Сооружений "Гипрокоммундортранс" | Stand for simulating hydrotechnical construction supports |
| JPH10266171A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-10-06 | Masayoshi Sato | Method of sand and sludge discharge system for reservoir and basin, and sand and sludge discharge system equipment for reservoir and basin |
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| CN207405596U (en) * | 2017-10-21 | 2018-05-25 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Suitable for the spillway combined energy dissipation structure of narrow river bed |
| CN207567714U (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2018-07-03 | 重庆交通职业学院 | A kind of hydraulic engineering flood-discharge energy-dissipating experimental rig |
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| CN111719492A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-29 | 核工业西南勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Debris flow dredging system and dredging method thereof |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11567057B2 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2023-01-31 | Kun Fang | Landslide experimental device for simulating constant seepage flow |
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2022
- 2022-06-12 CN CN202210658510.2A patent/CN114892588B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU855113A1 (en) * | 1979-12-29 | 1981-08-15 | Государственный Институт По Проектированию Дорожно-Транспортных Сооружений "Гипрокоммундортранс" | Stand for simulating hydrotechnical construction supports |
| JPH10266171A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-10-06 | Masayoshi Sato | Method of sand and sludge discharge system for reservoir and basin, and sand and sludge discharge system equipment for reservoir and basin |
| CN101349048A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-01-21 | 四川大学 | Full section ladder energy dissipater |
| CN207567714U (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2018-07-03 | 重庆交通职业学院 | A kind of hydraulic engineering flood-discharge energy-dissipating experimental rig |
| CN207405596U (en) * | 2017-10-21 | 2018-05-25 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Suitable for the spillway combined energy dissipation structure of narrow river bed |
| WO2020147550A1 (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2020-07-23 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Shaped cross-section test water chute design method and application thereof |
| CN110080158A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-02 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of pond with wave absorber |
| CN111719492A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-29 | 核工业西南勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Debris flow dredging system and dredging method thereof |
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