CN114892588A - Step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device and test method - Google Patents
Step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114892588A CN114892588A CN202210658510.2A CN202210658510A CN114892588A CN 114892588 A CN114892588 A CN 114892588A CN 202210658510 A CN202210658510 A CN 202210658510A CN 114892588 A CN114892588 A CN 114892588A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/02—Hydraulic models
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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Abstract
The invention provides a step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device and a test method, belongs to the technical field of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering flood discharge and sand discharge tunnel model tests, and aims to efficiently and conveniently research the influence of various factors on flood discharge and sand discharge through the model tests. The electromagnetic flow rate control device comprises a water inlet tank, an electromagnetic flow rate controller, a step main tank and a water outlet tank, wherein the water inlet tank comprises a water inlet valve pipe and a magnetic stirrer; the step main box comprises a replaceable step, a miniature propeller current meter, a movable water passing plate, an adjusting screw, an adjusting opening and a baffle water outlet; the water outlet tank comprises a grading filter screen and a water outlet valve pipe; the water inlet tank is connected with the step main tank through an electromagnetic flow controller; the water outlet tank is arranged below the baffle water outlet of the step main tank. The model test device and the test method provided by the invention have important practical significance and popularization value in the technical field of flood discharge and sand discharge tunnels.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering tunnels and flood discharge and sand discharge, in particular to a step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device and a step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test method.
Background
The basic construction of China continues to keep steady and rapid development. With the successive proposal of policies such as national development of green engineering and the like, the step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge cave construction technology of the hydraulic power engineering is continuously developed as a green energy-saving engineering. The flood discharge and sand discharge hole is mainly used as a water conservancy hub flood discharge structure, previous researches show that the energy dissipation rate of the smooth flood discharge and sand discharge hole is only about 10%, the energy dissipation rate of the stepped flood discharge and sand discharge hole can reach more than 90% to the maximum extent, and the stepped flood discharge and sand discharge hole has obvious advantages in the aspect of energy dissipation rate.
Considering that a numerical simulation method is mostly adopted for the research of the step-type flood discharge and sand discharge tunnel, no mature model test device carries out simulation experiments according to engineering practice at present. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a testing apparatus and a testing method for a stepped flood discharge and sand discharge model to study the energy consumption rate and the sand retention amount of the stepped flood discharge and sand discharge in engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device and a test method, which adopt the principle of variable control to research the influence of sand distribution of different steps, different flow rates and different grades on the energy consumption rate and the sand retention amount of the step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge device and further comprehensively research and analyze the optimal configuration of the step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge device in different states. The method has important practical significance and popularization value in the field of flood discharge and sand discharge hole engineering in hydraulic engineering.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a step-like flood discharge and sand discharge model test device comprises:
the water inlet tank comprises a water inlet valve pipe and a magnetic stirrer, the step main tank comprises a replaceable step, a miniature propeller current meter, a movable water passing plate, an adjusting screw rod, an adjusting opening and a baffle water outlet, the water outlet tank comprises a graded filter screen and a water outlet valve pipe, the water inlet tank is connected with the step main tank through the electromagnetic flow controller, and the water outlet tank is arranged below the baffle water outlet of the step main tank.
The replaceable steps in the step main box can be used for replacing the step number, the step gradient and the step height according to the test requirements.
The step main box is provided with a movable water passing plate, and an adjusting screw rod is arranged below the movable water passing plate.
The step main box is provided with an adjusting opening, and an adjusting screw penetrates through the adjusting opening to be connected with the movable water passing plate.
The replaceable steps in the step main box are connected with the box body through a dovetail tenon structure.
And a miniature propeller current meter is arranged in the step main box.
The water inlet tank is provided with a magnetic stirrer.
The water outlet box is provided with a grading filter screen, and the grading filter screen consists of three stages of filter screens of 1mm, 2mm and 3 mm.
The invention also provides a step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test method, which adopts the step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device and comprises the following steps:
experiment A, different steps are experimental to the influence of draining off floodwaters and desilting:
step A1: determining the grading of model sand according to the grading of the researched engineering prototype sand, grading and dyeing the gravel and adding the graded gravel into a water inlet tank by taking the standard that a model sand grading curve and a prototype sand grading curve are basically parallel;
step A2: opening a water inlet valve pipe and opening a magnetic stirrer;
step A3: determining a flow value, opening an electromagnetic flow controller, observing and qualitatively describing a model test water flow state, and recording data of each micro propeller current meter;
step A4: closing the electromagnetic flow controller, collecting the sand left by each step when the water flow is clean, and determining and recording the particle size and the quantity of the sand left according to the color;
step A5: taking out the gravel on the grading filter screen of the water outlet tank, opening the water outlet pipe, draining the wastewater and cleaning the test device;
step A6: and (4) replacing the replaceable steps according to the experiment requirement, adjusting the position of the movable water passing plate according to the height and the length of the steps, and repeating the steps A1 to A5 until the number of the test groups is finished.
Experiment B, influence of different flow rates on flood discharge and sand discharge is tested:
steps B1 to B5: same steps A1 to A5;
step B6: and controlling the electromagnetic flow controller to change the flow according to the experiment requirement, and repeating the steps B1 to B5 until the number of the experiment groups is finished.
Test C, the influence of different grades of gravel on flood discharge and sand discharge is tested:
steps C1 to C5: same steps A1 to A5;
step C6: and D, changing the grading of the sand according to the experimental requirements, and repeating the steps C1 to C5 until the number of test groups is finished.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device provided by the invention comprises the water inlet box, the electromagnetic flow controller, the step main box and the water outlet box, has higher integration, and is simple and convenient to install, use and operate.
2. The step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device provided by the invention has the advantages that the replaceable steps can be replaced or customized according to actual engineering and experimental requirements, and the better engineering adaptability is realized.
3. The step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device provided by the invention can be used for researching the influence of various factors on flood discharge and sand discharge, namely, a variable control method can be adopted to research the influence of a single variable, and a plurality of variables can be changed to research the combined action of a plurality of influence factors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an alternative step diagram.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a movable water passing plate.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device comprises a water inlet tank 1, an electromagnetic flow controller 2, a step main tank 3 and a water outlet tank 4, wherein the water inlet tank 1 comprises a water inlet valve pipe 5 and a magnetic stirrer 6, the step main tank 3 comprises a replaceable step 7, a miniature propeller current meter 8, a movable water passing plate 9, an adjusting screw 13, an adjusting opening 14 and a baffle water outlet 10, the water outlet tank 4 comprises a grading filter screen 11 and a water outlet valve pipe 12, the water inlet tank 1 is connected with the step main tank 3 through the electromagnetic flow controller 2, and the water outlet tank 4 is arranged below the baffle water outlet 10 of the step main tank 3.
The replaceable steps 7 in the step main box 3 can be used for replacing the step number, the step gradient and the step height according to the test requirements.
The step main box 3 is internally provided with a movable water passing plate 7, and an adjusting screw 13 is arranged below the movable water passing plate 7.
The step main box is provided with an adjusting opening 14, and an adjusting screw 13 penetrates through the adjusting opening to be connected with the movable water passing plate 7.
Replaceable steps in the step main box 3 are connected with the box body through dovetail tenon structures.
And a miniature propeller current meter 8 is arranged in the step main box 3.
The water inlet tank 1 is provided with a magnetic stirrer 2.
The water outlet tank 4 is provided with a grading filter screen 11, and the grading filter screen is composed of three-level filter screens of 1mm, 2mm and 3 mm.
A step-shaped flood discharge and sand discharge model test method is adopted, and the test method comprises the following steps:
experiment A, different steps are experimental to the influence of draining off floodwaters and desilting:
step A1: determining the grading of model sand according to the grading of the prototype sand of the studied engineering, grading and dyeing the sand and adding the graded sand into the water inlet tank 1 by taking the standard that the grading curve of the model sand and the grading curve of the prototype sand are basically parallel;
step A2: opening a water inlet valve pipe 5 and opening a magnetic stirrer 6;
step A3: determining a flow value, opening the electromagnetic flow controller 2, observing and qualitatively describing the flow state of the model test water flow, and recording data of each micro propeller current meter 8;
step A4: closing the electromagnetic flow controller 2, collecting the sand left on each step when the water flow is clean, and determining and recording the particle size and the quantity of the sand left according to the color;
step A5: taking out the gravel on the graded filter screen 11 in the water outlet tank 4, opening the water outlet valve pipe 12, draining the wastewater and cleaning the test device;
step A6: and (4) replacing the replaceable step 7 according to the experiment requirement, adjusting the position of the movable water passing plate 9 according to the height and the length of the step, and repeating the steps A1 to A5 until the number of the test groups is finished.
Experiment B, influence of different flow rates on flood discharge and sand discharge is tested:
steps B1 to B5: same steps A1 to A5;
step B6: and controlling the electromagnetic flow controller 2 to change the flow according to the experiment requirement, and repeating the steps B1 to B5 until the number of the experiment groups is finished.
Test C, the influence of different grades of gravel on flood discharge and sand discharge is tested:
steps C1 to C5: same steps A1 to A5;
step C6: and D, changing the grading of the sand according to the experimental requirements, and repeating the steps C1 to C5 until the number of test groups is finished.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a step form flood discharge desilting model test device which characterized in that: including case, electromagnetic flow controller, step owner case and play water tank of intaking, the case of intaking is including valve pipe, magnetic stirrers of intaking, the step owner case is including replacing step, miniature propeller current meter, portable water board, adjusting screw, regulation opening and baffle delivery port, the play water tank is including hierarchical filter screen and play water valve pipe, the case of intaking is connected by electromagnetic flow controller with the step owner case, the baffle delivery port below of step owner case is arranged in to the play water tank.
2. The stepped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the replaceable steps in the step main box can be used for replacing the step number, the step gradient and the step height according to the test requirements.
3. The stepped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the step main box is provided with a movable water passing plate, and an adjusting screw rod is arranged below the movable water passing plate.
4. The stepped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step main box is provided with an adjusting opening, and an adjusting screw penetrates through the adjusting opening to be connected with the movable water passing plate.
5. The stepped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a miniature propeller current meter is arranged in the step main box.
6. The stepped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the replaceable steps in the step main box are connected with the box body through a dovetail tenon structure.
7. The stepped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water inlet tank is provided with a magnetic stirrer.
8. The stepped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water outlet box is provided with a grading filter screen, and the grading filter screen consists of three stages of filter screens of 1mm, 2mm and 3 mm.
9. A stepped flood discharge and sand discharge model test method is characterized in that the stepped flood discharge and sand discharge model test device of any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, and the test method comprises the following steps:
experiment A, different steps are experimental to the influence of draining off floodwaters and desilting:
step A1: determining the grading of model sand according to the grading of the researched engineering prototype sand, grading and dyeing the gravel and adding the graded gravel into a water inlet tank by taking the standard that a model sand grading curve and a prototype sand grading curve are basically parallel;
step A2: opening a water inlet valve pipe and opening a magnetic stirrer;
step A3: determining a flow value, opening an electromagnetic flow controller, observing and qualitatively describing a model test water flow state, and recording data of each micro propeller current meter;
step A4: closing the electromagnetic flow controller, collecting the sand left by each step when the water flow is clean, and determining and recording the particle size and the quantity of the sand left according to the color;
step A5: taking out the gravel on the grading filter screen of the water outlet tank, opening the water outlet pipe, draining the wastewater and cleaning the test device;
step A6: replacing the replaceable steps according to the experiment requirement, adjusting the position of the movable water passing plate according to the height and the length of the steps, and repeating the steps A1 to A5 until the number of the test groups is finished;
experiment B, influence of different flow rates on flood discharge and sand discharge is tested:
steps B1 to B5: same steps A1 to A5;
step B6: controlling the electromagnetic flow controller to change the flow according to the experiment requirement, and repeating the steps B1 to B5 until the number of the test groups is finished;
test C, the influence of different grades of gravel on flood discharge and sand discharge is tested:
steps C1 to C5: same steps A1 to A5;
step C6: and D, changing the grading of the sand according to the experimental requirements, and repeating the steps C1 to C5 until the number of test groups is finished.
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Citations (9)
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| SU855113A1 (en) * | 1979-12-29 | 1981-08-15 | Государственный Институт По Проектированию Дорожно-Транспортных Сооружений "Гипрокоммундортранс" | Stand for simulating hydrotechnical construction supports |
| JPH10266171A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-10-06 | Masayoshi Sato | Method of sand and sludge discharge system for reservoir and basin, and sand and sludge discharge system equipment for reservoir and basin |
| CN101349048A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-01-21 | 四川大学 | Full section ladder energy dissipater |
| CN207405596U (en) * | 2017-10-21 | 2018-05-25 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Suitable for the spillway combined energy dissipation structure of narrow river bed |
| CN207567714U (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2018-07-03 | 重庆交通职业学院 | A kind of hydraulic engineering flood-discharge energy-dissipating experimental rig |
| US20190113496A1 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-04-18 | Huiming Tang | Landslide experimental device and experimental method for simulating constant seepage flow |
| CN110080158A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-02 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of pond with wave absorber |
| WO2020147550A1 (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2020-07-23 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Shaped cross-section test water chute design method and application thereof |
| CN111719492A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-29 | 核工业西南勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Debris flow dredging system and dredging method thereof |
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2022
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Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU855113A1 (en) * | 1979-12-29 | 1981-08-15 | Государственный Институт По Проектированию Дорожно-Транспортных Сооружений "Гипрокоммундортранс" | Stand for simulating hydrotechnical construction supports |
| JPH10266171A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-10-06 | Masayoshi Sato | Method of sand and sludge discharge system for reservoir and basin, and sand and sludge discharge system equipment for reservoir and basin |
| CN101349048A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2009-01-21 | 四川大学 | Full section ladder energy dissipater |
| CN207567714U (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2018-07-03 | 重庆交通职业学院 | A kind of hydraulic engineering flood-discharge energy-dissipating experimental rig |
| CN207405596U (en) * | 2017-10-21 | 2018-05-25 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Suitable for the spillway combined energy dissipation structure of narrow river bed |
| US20190113496A1 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-04-18 | Huiming Tang | Landslide experimental device and experimental method for simulating constant seepage flow |
| WO2020147550A1 (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2020-07-23 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Shaped cross-section test water chute design method and application thereof |
| CN110080158A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-02 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of pond with wave absorber |
| CN111719492A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-29 | 核工业西南勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Debris flow dredging system and dredging method thereof |
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