CN114889129A

CN114889129A - Rotary multi-nozzle printing head applied to 3D printer and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114889129A
Application number: CN202210567167.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王肇贵; 王立涵
Original assignee: Dalian Maritime University
Current assignee: Dalian Maritime University
Priority date: 2022-05-23
Filing date: 2022-05-23
Publication date: 2022-08-12

Abstract

The invention provides a rotary multi-nozzle printing head applied to a 3D printer and a using method thereof, wherein the rotary multi-nozzle printing head comprises a motor, a rotary drum is fixedly arranged on a rotary shaft of the motor, a plurality of through holes are uniformly arranged on the semi-circumferential surface of the rotary drum, a throat pipe is arranged in each through hole, a heating module is fixedly arranged at the outer end of each throat pipe, and a nozzle is arranged on the outer end surface of each heating module; the inner end of the throat pipe is communicated with a wire passing pipe, a printing wire is extruded and pushed by the extruding mechanism to reach the corresponding heating module along the wire passing pipe and the throat pipe, and the printing wire is heated and melted by the heating module and then is filled in the nozzle. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a using method of the printing head. According to the invention, the multi-nozzle rotary printing head driven by the motor improves the printing efficiency of alternate printing of two materials in 3D printing, and the auxiliary bonding material can be coated on the alternate material interface through one nozzle capable of spraying the auxiliary bonding material, so that the interlayer bonding quality is improved.

Description

Rotary multi-nozzle printing head applied to 3D printer and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printers, in particular to a rotary multi-nozzle printing head applied to a 3D printer and a using method thereof.

Background

When 3D prints, a part often will use the printing material more than two kinds, when carrying out 3D to two kinds of materials of same part in turn and printing at present, have the 3D printer that adopts two-in two-out double nozzle to carry out the alternative printing of two materials, also have the 3D printer that uses two-in one-out single nozzle to print. For the combined part which needs to be connected with two or more parts in an adhesive mode after printing is finished, a 3D printer can be used for manual bonding after printing respectively.

The interlayer bonding strength of two materials with poor bonding conditions cannot be well improved by the conventional 3D printer; the double-in and double-out 3D printer cannot rapidly replace nozzles to perform continuous printing, so that the interlayer strength is poorer, and the overall printing time is prolonged; when the double-in and one-out printer is used for alternate printing, the layered interface of the part is not clear enough due to the residue of the material left in the nozzle; neither of the above-described printers is capable of performing one-stop printing for two parts that need to be bonded.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a rotary multi-nozzle printing head applied to a 3D printer, which is used for only spraying one material on each sprayer and spraying auxiliary bonding materials on part of the sprayers, and comprises a motor arranged on an execution mechanism in a 3D printer body, wherein a semi-cylindrical rotary drum is fixedly arranged on a rotary shaft of the motor, and the rotary shaft is penetrated and fixed at the circle center of a rotary drum bottom plate; a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the semi-circumferential surface of the rotary drum, throats are arranged in the through holes, heating modules are fixedly arranged at the outer ends of the throats, and nozzles are arranged on the outer end surfaces of the heating modules; the inner end of the throat pipe is communicated with a wire passing pipe, and the other ends of the wire passing pipes are led out of the rotary drum from a notch formed in the side wall of the rotary drum; the led-out wire penetrating pipe is communicated with an extrusion mechanism arranged on the 3D printer body; the printing wire is extruded and pushed by the extruding mechanism to reach the corresponding heating modules along the wire passing pipe and the throat pipe, and the printing wire is heated and melted by the heating modules and then is filled in the nozzle.

Furthermore, a radiator is additionally arranged between the throat pipe and the wire feeding pipe, one end of the radiator is connected with the wire feeding pipe through a pipe joint, the other end of the radiator is fixedly connected with the throat pipe, and the printing wire penetrates through the pipe joint, the radiator and the throat pipe, is heated into a molten state by the heating module and flows out through the nozzle.

Furthermore, the radiator is a plurality of circular metal discs with round holes in the middle, annular bosses are arranged on the two sides of the round holes or the disc surface on one side of the round holes, and the adjacent metal discs are separated by the annular bosses so as to be convenient for heat dissipation.

Furthermore, three vent holes are formed in the bottom plate of the rotary drum, and a fan for cooling the printing wires in the rotary drum is arranged on the outer wall of each vent hole.

Further, a protective cover is arranged on the outer side of the rotary drum, and a plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed in the protective cover.

Furthermore, the heat dissipation holes are all distributed and are strip holes arranged up and down.

Further, the wire penetrating pipe is a Teflon pipe.

Further, as a preferred embodiment, the motor is a stepping motor.

The invention also discloses a use method of the rotary multi-nozzle printing head, which comprises the following steps:

step one, according to the requirement of materials required by a printing sample, the bobbin wound with different printing wires is placed on a creel stand of a 3D printer, if the printing wires of two adjacent layers of printing materials are not effectively bonded after being melted, and the printing wires made of auxiliary bonding materials and capable of bonding two different materials together after penetrating and melting into a wire penetrating pipe and an extruding mechanism to which N-1 nozzles belong.

N represents the number of types of adjacent, effectively non-bondable, marking materials.

Secondly, according to the requirement of a printing sample, starting a heating module of a first layer of printing material to preheat a nozzle connected with the heating module in advance, preheating a printing substrate, and simultaneously starting a fan to cool a radiator; after the nozzle and the printing substrate are preheated, the motor is started to rotate the nozzle to be right above the substrate, and then the motor stops rotating.

And step three, starting the corresponding extrusion mechanism, and starting printing on the substrate by the printing head under the drive of the execution mechanism in the 3D printer.

Fourthly, before the first layer of printing is finished, starting the heating module to which the auxiliary bonding material belongs in advance to preheat the nozzle connected with the heating module, simultaneously starting the fan to cool the radiator, finishing the heating work of the nozzle with the auxiliary bonding material when the first layer of printing is finished, and stopping the heating of the heating module to which the first layer of printing material belongs; and rotating the nozzles with the auxiliary bonding materials to be right above the substrate by the aid of the starting motor, printing the auxiliary bonding materials on the first layer by the aid of the third step, preheating a heating module of a nozzle to which the next layer of material belongs in advance, starting a fan to cool the radiator simultaneously if the printing materials of the two adjacent layers have the required bonding characteristics, and rotating the nozzle to which the next layer of printing material belongs to be right above the substrate by the aid of the starting motor after the first layer is printed.

Before the printing of the auxiliary bonding material is finished, starting a heating module to which the second layer of material belongs in advance to preheat a nozzle connected with the heating module, simultaneously starting a fan to cool a radiator, finishing the heating work of the nozzle with the second layer of material when the printing of the auxiliary bonding material is finished, and stopping the heating of the heating module to which the auxiliary bonding material belongs; the motor is started to rotate the nozzle to which the second layer of printing material belongs to the position right above the substrate, and the printing of the second layer is started on the auxiliary adhesive material with reference to the third step.

And step six, after the printing of the second layer is finished, stopping heating of the heating module, closing the extrusion mechanism, and taking down the printed section from the substrate.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. the multi-nozzle rotary structure improves the printing efficiency of alternate printing of two materials in 3D printing, and can coat the auxiliary bonding material on the material alternate interface through one nozzle capable of spraying the auxiliary bonding material, so that the interlayer bonding quality of the contact interface of the two 3D printing materials is improved, and the mechanical property of a double-material alternate printing product is improved.

2. Can once only accomplish originally need two or more combined parts's that need carry out the sticky connection part 3D print job, save sticky assembly and aftertreatment process, improve production efficiency and the holistic machining precision of final spare part.

For the above reasons, the present invention can be widely applied in the field of 3D printing.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of the present invention with the protective cover removed.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the drum of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a rear view of fig. 4.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the printing process of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the end of printing according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a front view of the protective cover of fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. a motor; 1.1, a rotating shaft; 2. threading a tube; 3. a rotating drum; 3.1, a bottom plate; 3.2, vent holes; 3.3, through holes; 3.4, notches; 4. a protective cover; 4.1, heat dissipation holes; 5. a nozzle; 6. a heating module; 7. a heat sink; 8. a throat; 9. a fan; 10. a substrate; 11. a first layer; 12. an auxiliary adhesive material; 13. a second layer.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The invention provides a rotary multi-nozzle 5 printing head of a 3D printer, which comprises a motor 1 arranged on an actuating mechanism (not shown in the figure) in a 3D printer body, wherein a semi-cylindrical rotary drum 3 with one open end is fixedly arranged on a rotary shaft 1.1 of the motor 1, and the rotary shaft 1.1 is penetrated and fixed at the circle center of a bottom plate 3.1 of the rotary drum 3; as shown in fig. 3, three through holes 3.3 are uniformly arranged on the semi-circumferential surface of the rotary drum 3, and the included angle between every two adjacent through holes 3.3 is 60 degrees; as shown in fig. 2 and 4, a throat 8 is arranged in each through hole 3.3, a heating module 6 is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the throat 8, a nozzle 5 is arranged on the outer end surface of the heating module 6, the inner end of the throat 8 is communicated with a wire passing tube 2, and the other ends of a plurality of wire passing tubes 2 are led out of the rotary drum 3 from a notch 3.4 arranged on the side wall of the rotary drum 3; the led-out wire feed pipe 2 is communicated with an extrusion mechanism arranged on a 3D printer body; the printing wire is extruded and pushed by the extruding mechanism to reach the corresponding heating module 6 along the wire passing pipe 2 and the throat pipe 8, the printing wire is filled in the nozzle 5 after being heated and melted by the heating module 6, and the melted plastic flows out of the nozzle 5 under the continuous pushing of the printing wire at the rear part of the printing wire.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a radiator 7 is additionally arranged between the throat pipe 8 and the wire feed pipe, one end of the radiator 7 is connected with the wire feed pipe 2 through a pipe joint, the other end is fixedly connected with the throat pipe 8, and the printing wire passes through the pipe joint, the radiator 7 and the throat pipe 8, is heated into a molten state by the heating module 6, and flows out through the nozzle 5; the heat sink 7 can dissipate the heat conducted from the heating module 6 in a timely manner so as to prevent the printing wire from being softened or melted in advance by the heat conducted from the heating module 6.

As a preferred embodiment, the heat sink 7 is six circular metal plates with a circular hole in the middle, annular bosses are arranged on the plate surfaces on two sides or one side of the circular hole, the printing wire passes through a channel formed by the six circular holes, and the adjacent metal plates are separated by the annular bosses, so that heat dissipation is facilitated.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, three ventilation holes 3.2 are provided on the bottom plate 3.1 of the rotary drum 3, a fan 9 is installed on the outer wall of each ventilation hole 3.2, and after the fan 9 is started, cool air is blown to the radiator 7 through the ventilation holes 3.2 to accelerate the heat dissipation of the radiator 7.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 8, a protective cover 4 is mounted on the outer side of the drum 3, and a plurality of heat radiation holes 4.1 for discharging the heat radiated from the radiator 7 from the drum 3 are provided in the protective cover 4.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the heat dissipation holes 4.1 are long holes which are uniformly distributed and arranged in an up-down manner.

As a preferred embodiment, the threading tube 2 is a teflon tube.

As a preferred embodiment, the motor 1 is a stepper motor.

The method of use of the present invention is described below in terms of a process that requires the use of two different materials for 3D printing.

Step one, according to the requirement of materials required by a printing sample, a spool wound with different printing wires is placed on a creel stand of a 3D printer, and if the two printing wires have good bonding performance after being melted, only two nozzles 5 are used; if the bonding performance of the two printing wires after melting is not good, the printing wires made of the auxiliary bonding material 12 which can bond two different materials together after melting are penetrated into the wire penetrating pipe and the extruding mechanism which the middle nozzle 5 belongs to.

Step two, starting a heating module 6 belonging to the first layer 11 of printing material according to the requirement of the printing sample to preheat a nozzle 5 connected with the heating module in advance, preheating a printing substrate 10, and simultaneously starting a fan 9 to cool a radiator 7; after the nozzle 5 and the printing substrate 10 are preheated, the motor 1 is started to rotate the nozzle 5 to be right above the substrate 10, and then the motor 1 stops rotating.

And step three, simultaneously starting the corresponding extruding mechanisms, and starting printing on the substrate 10 by the printing head under the drive of the executing mechanism in the 3D printer.

Step four, before the first layer 11 is printed, the heating module 6 to which the auxiliary bonding material belongs is started in advance to preheat the nozzle 5 connected with the heating module, the fan 9 is started to cool the radiator 7, the heating work of the nozzle 5 with the auxiliary bonding material 12 is completed when the first layer 11 is printed, and the heating of the heating module 6 to which the first layer 11 is printed is stopped; starting the motor 1 to rotate the nozzle 5 with the auxiliary adhesive material 12 right above the substrate 10, and starting printing the auxiliary adhesive material 12 on the first layer 11 with reference to the third step; if the printing materials of the two adjacent layers have the bonding characteristics which can meet the requirements, the step is omitted, the heating module of the nozzle 5 which the next layer of material belongs to is started in advance, the fan 9 is started to cool the radiator 7, and the motor 1 can be started to rotate the nozzle 5 which the next layer of printing material belongs to the position right above the substrate 10 after the first layer 11 is printed.

Step five, when the auxiliary bonding material 12 is printed, starting the heating module 6 to which the second layer of material 13 belongs in advance to preheat the nozzle 5 connected with the heating module, starting the fan 9 to cool the radiator 7, completing heating of the nozzle 5 to which the second layer of material 13 belongs when the auxiliary bonding material 12 is printed, and stopping heating of the heating module 6 to which the auxiliary bonding material 12 belongs; the motor 1 is started, the nozzle 5 to which the second layer 13 printing material belongs is rotated to a position directly above the substrate 10, and the printing of the second layer 13 is started on the upper surface of the auxiliary adhesive material 12 with reference to the third step.

And step six, after the printing of the second layer 13 is finished, stopping heating of the heating module 6, closing the extruding mechanism and the fan 9, and taking down the printed section from the substrate 10.

For the printing samples containing three or more, the invention can arrange a corresponding number of nozzles 5 and related structures on the rotary drum 3, the used auxiliary bonding materials 12 can be selected from one or more according to the actual situation, and the position sequence of the nozzles 5 to which the auxiliary bonding materials 12 belong is arranged according to the characteristics of the printing materials; the number of nozzles 5 for the auxiliary adhesive material is chosen to be N-1.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a many nozzles of rotation type that uses on 3D printer beats printer head which characterized in that: the automatic printing machine comprises a motor (1) arranged on an execution mechanism in a 3D printer body, wherein a semi-cylindrical rotary drum (3) is fixedly arranged on a rotary shaft (1.1) of the motor (1), and the rotary shaft (1.1) is penetrated and fixed at the circle center of a bottom plate (3.1) of the rotary drum (3); a plurality of through holes (3.3) are uniformly formed in the semi-circumferential surface of the rotary drum (3), a throat pipe (8) is installed in each through hole (3.3), a heating module (6) is fixedly installed at the outer end of each throat pipe (8), and a nozzle (5) is installed on the outer end surface of each heating module (6); the inner end of the throat pipe (8) is communicated with a wire passing pipe (2), and the other ends of the wire passing pipes (2) are led out of the rotary drum (3) from a notch (3.4) formed in the side wall of the rotary drum (3); the led-out wire penetrating pipe (2) is communicated with an extrusion mechanism arranged on the 3D printer body; the printing wire is extruded and pushed by the extruding mechanism to reach the corresponding heating module (6) along the wire passing pipe and the throat pipe (8), and the printing wire is heated and melted by the heating module (6) and then is filled in the nozzle (5).

2. A rotary multi-nozzle print head for use in a 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein: a radiator (7) is additionally arranged between the throat pipe (8) and the wire penetrating pipe (2), one end of the radiator (7) is connected with the wire penetrating pipe (2) through a pipe joint, the other end of the radiator is fixedly connected with the throat pipe (8), and the printing wire penetrates through the pipe joint, the radiator (7) and the throat pipe (8) and then is heated into a molten state by the heating module (6) and flows out through the nozzle (5).

3. A rotary multi-nozzle print head for application on a 3D printer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the radiator (7) is a plurality of circular metal discs provided with round holes in the middle, annular bosses are arranged on the two sides of the round holes or the disc surface on one side of the round holes, and the adjacent metal discs are separated by the annular bosses so as to be convenient for heat dissipation.

4. A rotary multi-nozzle print head for use in a 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein: the printing device is characterized in that three vent holes (3.2) are formed in a bottom plate (3.1) of the rotary drum (3), and a fan (9) for cooling printing wires in the rotary drum (3) is arranged on the outer wall of each vent hole (3.2).

5. A rotary multi-nozzle print head for use in a 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein: the outside of rotary drum (3) is equipped with safety cover (4), be equipped with a plurality of louvres (4.1) on safety cover (4).

6. A rotary multi-nozzle print head for use on a 3D printer according to claim 5, wherein: the heat dissipation holes (4.1) are all distributed and are strip holes arranged up and down.

7. A rotary multi-nozzle print head for use in a 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein: the wire penetrating pipe (2) is a Teflon pipe.

8. A rotary multi-nozzle print head for use in a 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein: as a preferred embodiment, the motor (1) is a stepper motor.

9. A method of using a rotary multi-nozzle print head for a 3D printer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps that firstly, spools wound with different printing wires are placed on a creel stand of a 3D printer according to the requirements of materials needed by a printing sample, if the printing wires of two adjacent layers of printing materials cannot be bonded effectively after being melted, the printing wires which are made of auxiliary bonding materials (12) and can bond two different materials together after penetrating and melting in a wire penetrating pipe and an extruding mechanism to which N-1 nozzles (5) belong.

Secondly, starting a heating module (6) belonging to the printing material of the first layer (11) according to the requirement of the printing sample to preheat a nozzle (5) connected with the heating module in advance, preheating a printing substrate (10) and simultaneously starting a fan (9) to cool a radiator (7); after the nozzle (5) and the printing substrate (10) are preheated, the motor (1) is started to rotate the nozzle (5) to be right above the substrate (10), and then the motor (1) stops rotating.

And step three, starting the corresponding extrusion mechanism, and starting printing on the substrate (10) by the printing head under the drive of an execution mechanism in the 3D printer.

Fourthly, before the first layer (11) is printed, the heating module (6) to which the auxiliary bonding material belongs is started in advance to preheat the nozzle (5) connected with the heating module, meanwhile, the fan (9) is started to cool the radiator (7), the heating work of the nozzle (5) with the auxiliary bonding material (12) is completed when the first layer (11) is printed, and the heating of the heating module (6) to which the printing material of the first layer (11) belongs is stopped; the method comprises the steps that a motor (1) is started to rotate a nozzle (5) with auxiliary bonding materials (12) to be right above a substrate (10), the auxiliary bonding materials (12) are printed on the upper surface of a first layer (11) according to a third step, if the printing materials of two adjacent layers have bonding characteristics capable of meeting requirements, the step is omitted, a heating module of the nozzle (5) to which the next layer of material belongs is started in advance, a fan (9) is started to cool a radiator (7), and the motor (1) is started to rotate the nozzle (5) to which the next layer of printing material belongs to the right above the substrate (10) after the first layer (11) is printed.

Before the auxiliary bonding material (12) is printed, starting a heating module (6) to which the second layer material (13) belongs in advance to preheat a nozzle (5) connected with the heating module, starting a fan (9) to cool a radiator (7) at the same time, completing the heating work of the nozzle (5) with the second layer material (13) when the auxiliary bonding material (12) is printed, and stopping the heating of the heating module (6) to which the auxiliary bonding material (13) belongs; and starting the motor (1), rotating the nozzle (5) to which the printing material of the second layer (13) belongs to the position right above the substrate (10), and starting the printing of the second layer (13) on the upper surface of the auxiliary bonding material (12) by referring to the third step.

And step six, after the printing of the second layer (13) is finished, stopping heating of the heating module (6), closing the extrusion mechanism, and taking the printed section bar down from the substrate (10).