CN114883764B - Broadband high-power microwave phase shifter - Google Patents
Broadband high-power microwave phase shifter Download PDFInfo
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- CN114883764B CN114883764B CN202210562575.7A CN202210562575A CN114883764B CN 114883764 B CN114883764 B CN 114883764B CN 202210562575 A CN202210562575 A CN 202210562575A CN 114883764 B CN114883764 B CN 114883764B
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 244
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
- H01P1/182—Waveguide phase-shifters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
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- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband high-power microwave phase shifter, and belongs to the technical field of high-power microwave devices. The microwave oven comprises a metal cavity with a central symmetrical structure, wherein four metal sheets in the metal cavity are used for guiding the transmission direction of microwave signals; the two rectangular waveguides are input and output ports for microwave signals; the metal column is arranged above the metal bottom plate and used for playing a limiting role in the rotation process of the upper cover plate, preventing the upper cover plate from rotating excessively and blocking microwave signal input. The microwave oven further comprises an upper cover plate which is arranged above the metal cavity and can rotate around the center point O of the metal cavity, the rectangular waveguide cavity of the upper cover plate is arranged above the metal substrate, two circular arc metal sheets are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the rectangular waveguide cavity, four metal sheets are used for guiding the microwave signal transmission direction, and the metal long rod is arranged on the back of the metal substrate and is used for rotating the upper cover plate. The phase shifter has the advantages of high power capacity, wide working frequency band and capability of linearly adjusting the phase shift along with the rotation angle of the metal upper cover plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power microwave devices, and particularly relates to a broadband high-power microwave phase shifter.
Background
The phase shifter is one of important components of the phased array antenna system, and plays roles of beam pointing control, beam forming and the like in application. High power microwave phased array antenna systems place higher demands on the operating frequency range and power capacity of the phase shifter. According to the implementation manner, currently, commonly used phase shifters are mainly classified into 3 types, i.e., ferrite phase shifters, dielectric loading phase shifters, mechanical phase shifters, and the like. Wherein, the ferrite phase shifter and the dielectric loading phase shifter are not suitable for being applied to the field of high-power microwaves due to the limit of dielectric material breakdown threshold. The mechanical phase shifter can realize higher power capacity due to no dielectric material in the cavity, and is more and more focused in the field of high-power microwaves.
Among the mechanical phase shifters, rectangular waveguide broadside tunable phase shifters (Yang Y M, yuan C W, cheng GX, et al Ku-band rectangular waveguide wide side dimension adjustable phase shifter [ J ] IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2015,43 (5): 1666-1669.) and dual circular polarization structure phase shifters (Chang C, guo L, tantawi S G, et al A new compact high-power microwave phase shifter [ J ] IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,2015,63 (6): 1875-1882) are commonly used in the high power microwave field. The rectangular waveguide broadside adjustable phase shifter is used for shifting phase by changing the length of the waveguide broadside through moving a metal plate on the side wall of the rectangular waveguide; the double-circular polarization structure phase shifter is used for shifting phase by adjusting the position of a sliding short-circuit surface of the double-circular polarization structure. Both of these phase shifters have a higher power capacity, but suffer from two drawbacks: firstly, the phase shift amounts of the two components are nonlinear changes along with the adjustment distance, so that the high-precision adjustment of the phase shift amounts is inconvenient in actual use; secondly, their operating frequency range is relatively narrow, typically only a few hundred megahertz.
Yang Yiming and the like design a waveguide narrow-side slit bridge phase shifter. Based on 3dB directional coupler, short-circuit pistons are added to 2 and 3 ports. By pushing the two short-circuit pistons synchronously, linear phase shifting of 0-360 degrees is realized at the 4 ports. The patent literature of the Chinese people's liberation army 63660, the army celebration and the like applied for the same discloses a T-shaped rectangular waveguide phase shifter which changes the lengths of straight waveguides at two sides of a metal spacer by moving and stretching a metal plate, further changes the microwave transmission distance and realizes linear phase shifting. Both phase shifters have a higher power capacity and the amount of phase shift varies linearly with the adjustment distance, but they have the disadvantage that they have a lower insertion loss only near the center of the operating frequency and the operating frequency range is also narrower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to disclose a broadband high-power microwave phase shifter which has the advantages of high power capacity, wide working frequency band and capability of linearly adjusting the phase shift along with the rotation angle of a metal upper cover plate.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a broadband high-power microwave phase shifter comprises a metal cavity and an upper cover plate; the upper cover plate is made of metal, is positioned above the metal cavity and can rotate around the center point O of the metal cavity;
the metal cavity is of a central symmetrical structure and comprises a metal bottom plate, two circular arc metal sheets, four metal sheets, two rectangular waveguides and a metal column;
the first circular arc metal sheet and the second circular arc metal sheet surround the metal bottom plate, and the first circular arc metal sheet and the second circular arc metal sheet form a cavity body of the phase shifter together; the inner radii of the arcs of the first arc metal sheet and the second arc metal sheet are R 1 ；
The two rectangular waveguides are input and output ports for microwave signals;
the four metal sheets are used for guiding the transmission direction of the microwave signals, and are of arc chamfer structures and used for reducing the reflection loss of the phase shifter; the first metal sheet is formed by rounding the intersection of the side edge of the waveguide above the first rectangular waveguide and the first circular arc metal sheet, and the radius of the rounding is r 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The second metal sheet is formed by rounding the intersection of the side edge of the waveguide below the second rectangular waveguide and the second circular arc metal sheet, and the chamfer radius is r 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The third metal sheet is formed by rounding and extending the side edge of the waveguide below the first rectangular waveguide, and the radius of the rounding is r 1 Simultaneously, the tail end of the third metal sheet is subjected to cutting treatment, so that the tail end of the third metal sheet can be tightly attached to the outer wall of the third circular arc metal sheet of the upper cover plate; the fourth metal sheet is formed by rounding and extending the side edge of the waveguide above the second rectangular waveguide, and the rounding radius is r 1 Simultaneously, the tail end of the fourth metal sheet is subjected to cutting treatment, so that the tail end of the fourth metal sheet can be tightly adhered to the outer wall of the fourth circular arc metal sheet of the upper cover plate;
the metal column is arranged above the metal bottom plate and used for playing a limiting role in the rotation process of the upper cover plate, preventing the upper cover plate from rotating excessively and blocking microwave signal input;
the upper cover plate is of a central symmetry structure and mainly comprises a metal substrate, a rectangular waveguide cavity, two circular arc metal sheets, four metal sheets and a metal long rod;
the rectangular waveguide cavity is positioned above the metal substrate and is used for connecting the input port and the output port of the phase shifter; the third arc metal sheet and the fourth arc metal sheet are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the rectangular waveguide cavity, and the arc outer radiuses of the third arc metal sheet and the fourth arc metal sheet are R 2 ；
The four metal sheets are used for guiding the transmission direction of the microwave signals, and meanwhile, the metal sheets are of arc chamfer structures, so that the reflection loss of the phase shifter can be reduced; the fifth metal sheet is formed by rounding the intersection of the waveguide side edge at the left side of the rectangular waveguide cavity and the third circular arc metal sheet, and the chamfer radius is r 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Similarly, the sixth metal sheet is formed by rounding the intersection of the right waveguide side of the rectangular waveguide cavity and the fourth circular arc metal sheet, and the chamfering radius is r 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The seventh metal sheet is formed by rounding and extending the waveguide side edge on the right side of the rectangular waveguide cavity, and the chamfer radius is r 4 Simultaneously, the tail end of the seventh metal sheet is subjected to cutting treatment, so that the seventh metal sheet can be tightly attached to the inner wall of the first circular arc metal sheet of the metal cavity; the eighth metal sheet is formed by rounding and extending the waveguide side edge at the left side of the rectangular waveguide cavity, and the rounding radius is r 4 Simultaneously, cutting the tail end of the eighth metal sheet to enable the tail end of the eighth metal sheet to be attached to the inner wall of the second circular arc metal sheet of the metal cavity;
the metal long rod is positioned on the back of the metal substrate and is a knob of the upper cover plate, the upper cover plate can be rotated by twisting the metal long rod, and the phase shift amount linearly changes along with the rotation angle of the upper cover plate.
Further, the phase shifter is designed as an E-plane or an H-plane.
Further, the number of the metal columns is two, the first metal columns and the second metal columns are located above the metal bottom plate, and the first metal columns and the second metal columns are distributed symmetrically along the O point center of the metal cavity.
Further, in order to facilitate connection with other waveguide devices in the microwave system, standard waveguides corresponding to the operating frequency band of the microwaves are used for the first rectangular waveguide and the second rectangular waveguide.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention changes the microwave transmission distance by rotating the upper cover plate, thereby realizing the phase shifting function. The phase shift quantity linearly changes along with the rotation angle of the metal upper cover plate, and the phase shift mode can realize high-precision adjustment of the phase shift quantity of the phase shifter;
2. the phase shifter has no dielectric material which is easy to break down, and has high power capacity and small transmission loss;
3. the phase shifter adopts gradual change structures such as arc chamfer angles and the like at the bending part of the waveguide, so that the reflection loss is reduced, the working bandwidth of the phase shifter is widened, and the working frequency range of the phase shifter reaches more than gigahertz.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cut-away cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a circular base structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a metal top plate structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of transmission characteristic simulation results of an X-band broadband high-power microwave phase shifter under different rotation angles according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of phase characteristics of an X-band broadband high-power microwave phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention under different rotation angles;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of field intensity distribution simulation results of an X-band broadband high-power microwave phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the metal cavity comprises a 1-metal cavity, a 2-upper cover plate, a 11-metal bottom plate, a 12-first circular arc metal sheet, a 13-second circular arc metal sheet, a 14-first rectangular waveguide, a 15-second rectangular waveguide, a 16-first metal sheet, a 17-second metal sheet, a 18-third metal sheet, a 19-fourth metal sheet, a 110-first metal column, a 111-second metal column 111, a 21-metal substrate, a 22-rectangular waveguide cavity 22, a 23-third circular arc metal sheet, a 24-fourth circular arc metal sheet, a 25-fifth metal sheet, a 26-sixth metal sheet, a 27-seventh metal sheet, a 28-eighth metal sheet and a 29-metal long rod
Detailed Description
The present invention will be explained and illustrated in detail by the drawings and examples below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
Generally, the more complex the waveguide structure is, the narrower the frequency band range of the transmission microwaves is, and gradual change treatment is carried out on abrupt positions of the waveguide structure by adopting chamfering and other modes, so that the frequency band range of the transmission microwaves can be greatly widened. Meanwhile, the traditional phase shifter generally realizes phase shift change by pushing and pulling the end face of the waveguide, and the phase shifter needs to reserve space for the moving end face of the waveguide in advance, so that the size of the phase shifter is often increased. Certain waveguide devices, such as waveguide switches, often function in a rotational manner, which facilitates miniaturization. Therefore, the broadband high-power microwave phase shifter capable of realizing the phase shifting function through rotation is designed by combining the two thinking modes.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a broadband high-power microwave phase shifter is integrally composed of a metal cavity 1 and an upper cover plate 2. The upper cover plate 2 is also made of metal, is positioned above the metal cavity 1, and can rotate around the center point O of the metal cavity 1.
As shown in fig. 3, the metal cavity 1 is a central symmetrical structure, and mainly comprises a metal bottom plate 11, a first circular arc metal sheet 12, a second circular arc metal sheet 13, a first rectangular waveguide 14, a second rectangular waveguide 15, four metal sheets of a first metal sheet 16, a second metal sheet 17, a third metal sheet 18, a fourth metal sheet 19, a first metal column 110 and a second metal column 111. The metal bottom plate 11 is a substrate of the metal cavity 1, and the first circular arc metal sheet 12 and the second circular arc metal sheet 13 surround the metal bottom plate 11 to form a cavity body of the phase shifter together. The inner radii of the arcs of the first arc metal sheet 12 and the second arc metal sheet 13 are R 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The first rectangular waveguide 14 and the second rectangular waveguide 15 are respectively input and output ports of microwave signals; the first metal sheet 16 is formed by the waveguide side and the upper side of the first rectangular waveguide 14The intersection of the first circular arc metal sheets 12 is rounded, and the chamfer radius is r 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Similarly, the second metal sheet 17 is formed by rounding the intersection of the waveguide side edge below the second rectangular waveguide 15 and the second circular arc metal sheet 13, and the rounding radius is r 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The third metal sheet 18 is formed by rounding and extending the side of the waveguide below the first rectangular waveguide 14, and the rounded radius is r 1 At the same time, the end of the third metal sheet 18 is cut so that it can closely adhere to the outer wall of the third circular arc metal sheet 23 of the upper cover plate 2. Similarly, the fourth metal sheet 19 is formed by rounding and extending the side edge of the waveguide above the second rectangular waveguide 15, and the rounded radius is r 1 At the same time, the end of the fourth metal sheet 19 is cut so that it can closely adhere to the outer wall of the fourth circular arc metal sheet 24 of the upper cover plate 2. The four metal sheets are used for guiding the transmission direction of the microwave signals, and meanwhile, the metal sheets are of arc chamfer structures, so that the reflection loss of the phase shifter can be reduced; the first metal column 110 and the second metal column 111 are both located above the metal bottom plate 11 and are symmetrically distributed along the center of the O-point of the metal cavity 1, and the main function of the first metal column and the second metal column is to play a limiting role in the rotation process of the upper cover plate 2, prevent the upper cover plate 2 from rotating excessively and block microwave signal input (only one metal column can be used as a limiting column).
As shown in fig. 4, the upper cover plate 2 is a core member of the present invention, and is also a central symmetrical structure, and mainly comprises a metal substrate 21, a rectangular waveguide cavity 22, a third circular arc metal sheet 23, a fourth circular arc metal sheet 24, four metal sheets of a fifth metal sheet 25, a sixth metal sheet 26, a seventh metal sheet 27, an eighth metal sheet 28, and a metal long rod 29. Wherein a rectangular waveguide cavity 22 is located above the metal substrate 21 for connecting the input and output ports of the phase shifter; the third arc metal sheet 23 and the fourth arc metal sheet 24 are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the rectangular waveguide cavity 22, and the arc outer radiuses of the third arc metal sheet and the fourth arc metal sheet are R 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The fifth metal sheet 25 is formed by rounding the intersection of the waveguide side edge at the left side of the rectangular waveguide cavity 22 and the third circular arc metal sheet 23, and the chamfer radius is r 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Similarly, the sixth metal sheet 26 is formed by rounding the intersection of the right waveguide side of the rectangular waveguide cavity 22 and the fourth circular arc metal sheet 24, and chamfering the halfThe diameter is also r 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The seventh metal sheet 27 is formed by rounding and extending the right waveguide side of the rectangular waveguide cavity 22, and the rounding radius is r 4 The end of the seventh metal sheet 27 is simultaneously subjected to a cutting process so that it can closely adhere to the inner wall of the first circular arc metal sheet 12 of the metal cavity 1. Similarly, the eighth metal sheet 28 is formed by rounding and extending the waveguide side edge on the left side of the rectangular waveguide cavity 22, and the rounding radius is r 4 At the same time, the end of the eighth metal sheet 28 is cut so as to be able to attach to the inner wall of the second circular arc metal sheet 13 of the metal cavity 1. The four metal sheets are used for guiding the transmission direction of the microwave signals, and meanwhile, the metal sheets are of arc chamfer structures, so that the reflection loss of the phase shifter can be reduced; the metal long rod 29 is located on the back surface of the metal base plate 21, is a knob of the upper cover plate 2, and can rotate the upper cover plate 2 by twisting the metal long rod 29.
For connection with other waveguide devices in the microwave system, the first rectangular waveguide 14 and the second rectangular waveguide 15 of the present invention may use standard waveguides corresponding to the operating frequency band of the microwave.
The invention can be designed into an E surface or an H surface, wherein the E surface refers to the fact that the height of the phase shifter is equal to the width of the wide side of the standard waveguide, and the width of the input/output port of the phase shifter is equal to the length of the narrow side of the standard waveguide; the H-plane structure is opposite, the height of the phase shifter is equal to the length of the narrow side of the standard waveguide, and the width of the input/output port of the phase shifter is equal to the length of the wide side of the standard waveguide. The E-plane phase shifter and the H-plane phase shifter are respectively characterized in that the H-plane phase shifter has smaller insertion loss and higher power capacity, but has larger size; the E-plane phase shifter is more compact in structure and is generally only 1/2 of the E-plane structure in size. The proper phase shifter structure can be selected according to the actual application requirements. For example, phased array antenna systems have high phase shifter size requirements, so an E-plane phase shifter may be selected.
According to microwave theory, the transmission propagation constant k of the main mode of the rectangular waveguide is related to the waveguide broadside length a, and can be expressed as:
wherein: lambda (lambda) 0 Is a spatial wavelength.
When the upper cover plate 2 of the phase shifter rotates around the center point O, the propagation constant is not changed, but the microwave propagation path is changed, and the relation between the change quantity Deltal of the microwave propagation path and the rotation angle Deltatheta of the upper cover plate 2 is as follows:
Δl＝Δθ(R 1 +R 2 ) (2)
by rotating the phase shifter upper cover plate 2, the phase shifter outputs a phase change amountThe following relationship is provided with the rotation angle delta theta:
as can be seen from equation (3), after the size of the phase shifter is determined, the phase change amount of the phase shifter is linearly changed with the rotation angle.
The embodiment also exemplarily provides specific implementation structural parameters of the wideband high-power microwave phase shifter:
for example, an X-band broadband high-power microwave phase shifter with a phase shift range of 360 DEG applied to an array antenna system is designed. The E-plane phase shifter structure is selected in view of its application to an array antenna system. Based on the operating frequency band, a BJ100 standard waveguide with the size of 22.86mm multiplied by 10.16mm is selected as the input/output waveguide of the phase shifter, namely a=22.86 mm, b 1 =10.16 mm. For the convenience of simulation and optimization, the length of other narrow sides in the phase shifter cavity is 10.16mm, namely b 2 ＝b 3 ＝10.16mm。R 1 Selected to be 29.08mm, R 2 Selected to be 18.92mm. After simulation optimization, the four chamfer radii are r respectively 1 ＝16.5mm，r 2 ＝3mm，r 3 ＝3.5mm，r 4 ＝14mm。
After the phase shifter is sized, fig. 5 and 6 show the transmission characteristics and the phase characteristics of the metallic upper plate of the phase shifter at different rotation angles, respectively. As can be seen, at 8.2GHzS of phase shifter in frequency range of 12.4GHz 21 All are larger than 0.99, which means that the frequency bandwidth of the phase shifter with the power transmission efficiency larger than 98% reaches 4.2GHz. In addition, in the process of turning the metal upper plate of the phase shifter from 0 degree to 80 degrees, the phase linear variation of the whole frequency band is larger than 360 degrees, and the design requirement is met. The microwave signal with peak power of 1W is injected into the input port of the phase shifter, and the electric field distribution inside the phase shifter is shown in fig. 7. As can be seen, the maximum electric field amplitude in the phase shifter cavity is about 3649V/m. The known electric field breakdown threshold under the atmospheric condition is about 30KV/cm, so that the power capacity of the phase shifter under the atmospheric condition is about 0.68MW, and the power capacity requirement of the common high-power microwave application is met. For high power microwave applications requiring higher power capacity, the power capacity can be further increased by evacuating the phase shifter or filling it with an inert gas. As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a broadband high-power microwave phase shifter. The phase shifter has the advantages of high power capacity, wide working frequency band, capability of linearly adjusting the phase shift along with the rotation angle of the metal upper plate, and the like, and has higher practical value in the fields of high-power microwave phased array antennas and the like.
The above is only one preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and such modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The broadband high-power microwave phase shifter is characterized by comprising a metal cavity and an upper cover plate; the upper cover plate is made of metal, is positioned above the metal cavity and can rotate around the center point O of the metal cavity;
the metal cavity is of a central symmetry structure and comprises a metal bottom plate, two circular arc metal sheets, four metal sheets, two rectangular waveguides and a metal column;
the first circular arc metal sheet and the second circular arc metal sheet surround the metal bottom plate, and the first circular arc metal sheet, the second circular arc metal sheet and the metal bottom plate form a main body of a metal cavity of the phase shifter together; the inner radii of the arcs of the first arc metal sheet and the second arc metal sheet are R 1 ；
The two rectangular waveguides are input and output ports for microwave signals;
the four metal sheets are used for guiding the transmission direction of the microwave signals, and are of arc chamfer structures and used for reducing the reflection loss of the phase shifter; the first metal sheet is formed by rounding the intersection of the side edge of the waveguide above the first rectangular waveguide and the first circular arc metal sheet, and the radius of the rounding is r 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The second metal sheet is formed by rounding the intersection of the side edge of the waveguide below the second rectangular waveguide and the second circular arc metal sheet, and the chamfer radius is r 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The third metal sheet is formed by rounding and extending the side edge of the waveguide below the first rectangular waveguide, and the radius of the rounding is r 1 Simultaneously, the tail end of the third metal sheet is subjected to cutting treatment, so that the tail end of the third metal sheet can be tightly attached to the outer wall of the third circular arc metal sheet of the upper cover plate; the fourth metal sheet is formed by rounding and extending the side edge of the waveguide above the second rectangular waveguide, and the rounding radius is r 1 Simultaneously, the tail end of the fourth metal sheet is subjected to cutting treatment, so that the tail end of the fourth metal sheet can be tightly adhered to the outer wall of the fourth circular arc metal sheet of the upper cover plate;
the metal column is arranged above the metal bottom plate and used for playing a limiting role in the rotation process of the upper cover plate, preventing the upper cover plate from rotating excessively and blocking microwave signal input;
the upper cover plate is of a central symmetry structure and mainly comprises a metal substrate, a rectangular waveguide cavity, two circular arc metal sheets, four metal sheets and a metal long rod;
the rectangular waveguide cavity is positioned above the metal substrate and is used for connecting the input port and the output port of the phase shifter; the third arc metal sheet and the fourth arc metal sheet are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the rectangular waveguide cavity, and the arc outer radiuses of the third arc metal sheet and the fourth arc metal sheet are R 2 ；
The four metal sheets are used for guiding the transmission direction of the microwave signals, and meanwhile, the metal sheets are of arc chamfer structures, so that the reflection loss of the phase shifter can be reduced; the fifth metal sheet is formed by rounding the intersection of the waveguide side edge at the left side of the rectangular waveguide cavity and the third circular arc metal sheet, and the chamfer radius is r 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Likewise, the sixth metal sheet is formed by a rectangular waveguide cavityThe intersection of the right waveguide side edge and the fourth circular arc metal sheet is rounded to form a chamfer with the radius r 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The seventh metal sheet is formed by rounding and extending the waveguide side edge on the right side of the rectangular waveguide cavity, and the chamfer radius is r 4 Simultaneously, the tail end of the seventh metal sheet is subjected to cutting treatment, so that the seventh metal sheet can be tightly attached to the inner wall of the first circular arc metal sheet of the metal cavity; the eighth metal sheet is formed by rounding and extending the waveguide side edge at the left side of the rectangular waveguide cavity, and the rounding radius is r 4 Simultaneously, cutting the tail end of the eighth metal sheet to enable the tail end of the eighth metal sheet to be attached to the inner wall of the second circular arc metal sheet of the metal cavity;
the metal long rod is positioned on the back of the metal substrate and is a knob of the upper cover plate, the upper cover plate can be rotated by twisting the metal long rod, and the phase shift amount of the phase shifter linearly changes along with the rotation angle of the upper cover plate.
2. The broadband high-power microwave phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein the phase shifter is designed as an E-plane or an H-plane.
3. The broadband high-power microwave phase shifter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the metal columns is two, and the first metal column and the second metal column are located above the metal bottom plate and are symmetrically distributed along the center of the O-point of the metal cavity.
4. A broadband high power microwave phase shifter according to claim 3, wherein the first rectangular waveguide and the second rectangular waveguide use standard waveguides corresponding to the operating frequency range of the microwaves for facilitating connection with other waveguide devices in the microwave system.
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007011097A1 (en) * | 2005-07-19 | 2007-01-25 | Kmw Inc. | Variable phase shifter |
| JP2013239794A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2013-11-28 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Phase shifter |
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