CN114871253A - Kitchen waste leachate treatment system and method - Google Patents
Kitchen waste leachate treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114871253A CN114871253A CN202210797828.9A CN202210797828A CN114871253A CN 114871253 A CN114871253 A CN 114871253A CN 202210797828 A CN202210797828 A CN 202210797828A CN 114871253 A CN114871253 A CN 114871253A
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- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/60—Biochemical treatment, e.g. by using enzymes
- B09B3/65—Anaerobic treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/70—Kitchen refuse; Food waste
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment system and a method for kitchen waste leachate, which sequentially comprise the following steps along the liquid treatment flow direction of the kitchen waste leachate: the device comprises a pretreatment unit, a mixed slurry tank, an anaerobic unit, a biogas residue dehydration unit, an anaerobic biogas tank, a filtering unit, a two-stage AO biochemical unit, an ultrafiltration membrane unit, a nanofiltration membrane unit, a reverse osmosis membrane unit and a produced water collecting tank; the sludge side of the ultrafiltration membrane unit is connected with a sludge dewatering unit, the concentrated solution side of the nanofiltration membrane unit is connected with a material membrane unit, and the concentrated solution side of the reverse osmosis membrane unit is sequentially connected with a concentrated solution decrement unit and an evaporation unit; the sludge side of the biogas residue dehydration unit, the sludge side of the sludge dehydration unit and the concentrated solution side of the material membrane unit are all connected to the drying unit; the biogas side of the anaerobic unit is connected with a biogas processing unit, the biogas processing unit is respectively connected with a biogas boiler and a biogas power generation unit, and the steam side of the biogas boiler is respectively connected with the pretreatment unit, the anaerobic unit, the drying unit and the evaporation unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to a treatment system and method for kitchen waste leachate.
Background
With the development of economy and society and the great improvement of the material consumption level, the production amount of domestic garbage in China is rapidly increased, the hidden environmental danger is increasingly prominent, and the new type of urban development is a restriction factor.
The method requires to accelerate the establishment of a garbage treatment system with classified putting, classified collection, classified transportation and classified treatment, and simultaneously requires to perfect terminal treatment facilities connected with garbage classification. The perishable garbage is encouraged to be utilized to produce industrial grease, biodiesel, feed additives, soil conditioners, methane and the like, or the perishable garbage is jointly treated with straws, excrement, sludge and the like, so that the standardized, specialized, clean treatment and high-value utilization of renewable resources are promoted. The enterprises which encourage recycling and reuse send the renewable resources to enterprises such as steel, colored, paper making, plastic processing and the like to realize safe and environment-friendly utilization.
At present, the domestic treatment method of the kitchen waste leachate commonly adopts the following steps: pretreatment → anaerobic → aerobic → external MBR → nanofiltration process, the produced water is discharged into municipal pipe network, anaerobic biogas is usually generated by adopting a biogas boiler or biogas, and the rest biogas is used for torch combustion.
The kitchen waste leachate is mainly characterized by high pollutant concentration, high TN concentration and high salt content, the TN concentration of produced water is increased after the kitchen waste leachate with high salt content is discharged into a municipal pipe network for a long time, and the kitchen waste leachate with high salt content is discharged into a natural water body for a long time to generate irreversible influence on the natural water body and cause great waste of water resources.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a treatment system and a treatment method for kitchen waste leachate.
The invention discloses a treatment system for kitchen waste leachate, which sequentially comprises the following components in the liquid treatment flow direction of the kitchen waste leachate: the device comprises a pretreatment unit, a mixed slurry tank, an anaerobic unit, a biogas residue dehydration unit, an anaerobic biogas tank, a filtering unit, a two-stage AO biochemical unit, an ultrafiltration membrane unit, a nanofiltration membrane unit, a reverse osmosis membrane unit and a produced water collecting tank;
the sludge side of the ultrafiltration membrane unit is connected with a sludge dewatering unit, and the filtrate side of the sludge dewatering unit is connected with the two-stage AO biochemical unit;
the concentrated solution side of the nanofiltration membrane unit is connected with a material membrane unit, and the water production side of the material membrane unit is connected with the reverse osmosis membrane unit;
the concentrated solution side of the reverse osmosis membrane unit is sequentially connected with a concentrated solution decrement unit and an evaporation unit, and the water production sides of the concentrated solution decrement unit and the evaporation unit are connected with the water production collecting tank;
the sludge side of the biogas residue dehydration unit, the sludge side of the sludge dehydration unit and the concentrated solution side of the material membrane unit are all connected to the drying unit;
the biogas side of the anaerobic unit is connected with a biogas processing unit, the biogas processing unit is respectively connected with a biogas boiler and a biogas power generation unit, and the steam side of the biogas boiler is respectively connected with the pretreatment unit, the anaerobic unit, the drying unit and the evaporation unit.
As a further improvement of the invention, the pretreatment unit consists of a kitchen waste receiving mechanism, a large substance sorting mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a three-phase separation mechanism and a spiral dehydration mechanism which are sequentially arranged.
As a further improvement of the invention, the anaerobic unit maintains the temperature at 33-35 ℃ under the action of steam to perform anaerobic fermentation of the pulp.
As a further improvement of the invention, the biogas processing unit is composed of a biogas storage unit and a desulfurization unit which are arranged in sequence.
As a further improvement of the invention, the biogas residue dehydration unit adopts a biogas slurry centrifuge to dehydrate the biogas residue, and the filtering unit adopts a fine grid to remove impurities with the particle size of more than 1 mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the ultrafiltration membrane unit adopts an external tubular ultrafiltration unit or an immersed MBR membrane, and intercepts pollutants with the particle size of more than 0.05 μm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the nanofiltration membrane of the nanofiltration membrane unit allows organic matters and monovalent salts with the molecular weight of 500-1000 or less to permeate and retains macromolecular organic matters and divalent salts, and the material membrane unit selectively retains humic acid through a material membrane, wherein the humic acid comprises fulvic acid, humic acid and humins.
As a further improvement of the invention, the reverse osmosis membrane of the reverse osmosis membrane unit intercepts organic pollutants with molecular weight more than 100 and all inorganic salts, and the concentrated solution decrement unit carries out two-stage decrement treatment by adopting DTRO + STRO.
As a further improvement of the invention, the evaporation unit adopts a multi-effect evaporation unit or an MVR evaporation crystallization unit.
The invention also discloses a treatment method of the kitchen waste leachate, which comprises the following steps:
the kitchen waste enters a pretreatment unit, and is subjected to sorting, crushing, slurry heating, three-phase centrifugal oil removal and solid-liquid separation to obtain biodiesel, solid matters and slurry, and the slurry enters a mixed slurry tank;
the slurry in the mixed slurry tank enters an anaerobic unit, and anaerobic fermentation is carried out under the action of steam and under the condition of maintaining the temperature at 33-35 ℃;
the mixed liquid after anaerobic fermentation enters a biogas residue dehydration unit, the dehydrated biogas slurry enters a two-stage AO biochemical unit after being filtered by a filtering unit, and most of residual COD, NH3, TN and TP pollutants are removed by the catabolism of microorganisms in an anoxic pond/aerobic pond in the two-stage AO biochemical unit;
the mixed liquid treated by the two-stage AO biochemical unit sequentially enters an ultrafiltration membrane unit and a nanofiltration membrane unit, and ultrafiltration and nanofiltration are sequentially carried out;
the nanofiltration produced water enters a reverse osmosis membrane unit, the concentrated solution of the reverse osmosis membrane unit enters a concentrated solution reduction unit, and the concentrated solution of the concentrated solution reduction unit enters an evaporation unit; the produced water treated by the reverse osmosis membrane unit, the concentrated solution decrement unit and the evaporation unit is recycled after reaching the standard, and the crystallized salt generated by the evaporation unit is separately collected for landfill;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation enters a biogas treatment unit for desulfurization treatment, one part of the desulfurized biogas enters a biogas power generation unit for biogas power generation, the other part of the desulfurized biogas enters a biogas boiler for steam generation, and the steam is sent to a pretreatment unit, an anaerobic unit, a drying unit and an evaporation unit;
the sludge ultrafiltered by the ultrafiltration membrane unit enters a sludge dewatering unit, and the filtrate after dewatering returns to the two-stage AO biochemical unit;
concentrated solution after nanofiltration by the nanofiltration membrane unit enters a material membrane unit, so that enriched divalent salt and macromolecular organic pollutants are further removed, and humic acid is separated;
and (3) the biogas residues dehydrated by the biogas residue dehydration unit, the sludge dehydrated by the sludge dehydration unit and humic acid separated by the material membrane unit enter a drying unit to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can separate biodiesel, organic fertilizer, miscellaneous salt and the like from the kitchen waste leachate, and the treated effluent reaching the standard meets the water quality standard of open type circulating cooling water in GB/T19923-2005 urban sewage recycling-industrial water quality standard; meanwhile, the invention can greatly improve the energy utilization rate, reduce carbon emission, realize the supply of energy sources in a factory, realize the low emission of leachate, can be widely applied to the upgrading and transformation in the field of garbage leachate treatment and the reduction treatment of leachate concentrated solution, and has very wide market application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a kitchen garbage leachate treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for treating kitchen garbage leachate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a pre-processing unit; 2. a mixed slurry tank; 3. an anaerobic unit; 4. a biogas residue dehydration unit; 5. a drying unit; 6. a biogas processing unit; 7. a biogas boiler; 8. a biogas power generation unit; 9. anaerobic biogas tanks; 10. a filtration unit; 11. a two-stage AO biochemical unit; 12. an ultrafiltration membrane unit; 13. a nanofiltration membrane unit; 14. a reverse osmosis membrane unit; 15. a produced water collection tank; 16. a sludge dewatering unit; 17. a material film unit; 18. a concentrated solution decrement unit; 19. an evaporation unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a kitchen waste leachate treatment system, comprising: the system comprises a pretreatment unit 1, a mixed slurry tank 2, an anaerobic unit 3, a biogas residue dehydration unit 4, a drying unit 5, a biogas treatment unit 6, a biogas boiler 7, a biogas power generation unit 8, an anaerobic biogas tank 9, a filtering unit 10, a two-stage AO biochemical unit 11, an ultrafiltration membrane unit 12, a nanofiltration membrane unit 13, a reverse osmosis membrane unit 14, a produced water collection tank 15, a sludge dehydration unit 16, a material membrane unit 17, a concentrated solution decrement unit 18 and an evaporation unit 19; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the invention comprises the following components in sequence along the liquid treatment flow direction of the landfill leachate: the system comprises a pretreatment unit 1, a mixed slurry tank 2, an anaerobic unit 3, a biogas residue dehydration unit 4, an anaerobic biogas tank 9, a filtration unit 10, a two-stage AO biochemical unit 11, an ultrafiltration membrane unit 12, a nanofiltration membrane unit 13, a reverse osmosis membrane unit 14 and a produced water collection tank 15; meanwhile, the sludge side of the ultrafiltration membrane unit 12 is connected with a sludge dewatering unit 16, and the filtrate side of the sludge dewatering unit 16 is connected with the two-stage AO biochemical unit 11; the concentrated solution side of the nanofiltration membrane unit 13 is connected with a material membrane unit 17, and the water production side of the material membrane unit 17 is connected with a reverse osmosis membrane unit 14; the concentrated solution side of the reverse osmosis membrane unit 14 is sequentially connected with a concentrated solution decrement unit 18 and an evaporation unit 19, and the water production sides of the concentrated solution decrement unit 18 and the evaporation unit 19 are connected with a water production collecting tank 15; the sludge side of the biogas residue dehydration unit 4, the sludge side of the sludge dehydration unit 16 and the concentrated solution side of the material membrane unit 17 are all connected to the drying unit 5; the biogas side of the anaerobic unit 3 is connected with a biogas processing unit 6, the biogas processing unit 6 is respectively connected with a biogas boiler 7 and a biogas power generation unit 8, and the steam side of the biogas boiler 7 is respectively connected with the pretreatment unit 1, the anaerobic unit 3, the drying unit 5 and the evaporation unit 19.
Further, the medium transmission among the units is realized through pipelines and transmission pumps.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the pretreatment unit 1 comprises a kitchen waste receiving mechanism, a large substance sorting structure, a crushing mechanism, a three-phase separation mechanism and a spiral dehydration mechanism which are sequentially arranged, wherein the kitchen waste receiving mechanism, the large substance sorting structure, the crushing mechanism, the three-phase separation mechanism and the spiral dehydration mechanism are used for sequentially receiving, sorting, crushing, heating slurry, centrifugally removing oil in three phases and separating solid from liquid to obtain biodiesel, solid matters and slurry, the biodiesel is recycled, the solid matters are treated in a centralized manner, and the slurry enters a mixed slurry tank 2.
The anaerobic unit 3 maintains the temperature at 33-35 ℃ under the action of steam provided by a methane boiler 7 for anaerobic fermentation of slurry, methane generated by the anaerobic fermentation enters a methane treatment unit 6, and mixed liquid after the anaerobic fermentation enters a methane residue dehydration unit 4.
The marsh gas treatment unit 6 of the invention is composed of a marsh gas storage unit and a desulphurization unit which are arranged in sequence, and further removes H in the marsh gas 2 S, water vapor and other impurities, and meets the use requirement of the biogas; a part of the treated methane enters a methane power generation unit 8 to generate methane power, and the generated electric energy is used for recycling; and the other part of the treated methane enters a methane boiler 7 to generate steam, and the steam is sent to the pretreatment unit, the anaerobic unit, the drying unit and the evaporation unit to be used as a heat source.
The biogas residue dehydration unit 4 mainly comprises a biogas slurry centrifuge, the mixed liquid after anaerobic fermentation is dehydrated by the biogas slurry centrifuge, and the biogas slurry dehydrated by the biogas residue dehydration unit 4 is connected with an anaerobic biogas liquid tank 9 and then is subjected to fine grating (an implementation structure of a filtering unit 10) to remove particles with the particle size of more than 1mm and other impurities, so that the subsequent membrane unit is prevented from being blocked.
The two-stage AO biochemical unit 11 of the invention is composed of two-stage anoxic tanks/aerobic tanks, and most of the pollutants such as COD, NH3, TN, TP and the like in the biogas slurry are removed through the catabolism of microorganisms in the anoxic tanks/aerobic tanks, so that the COD of the effluent can be reduced to be within 500mg/L, and the NH3 is reduced to be within 10 mg/L.
The ultrafiltration membrane unit 12 adopts an external tubular ultrafiltration unit or an immersed MBR membrane, and pollutants with the particle size of more than 0.05 mu m can be effectively intercepted by the MBR membrane, so that the quality of the effluent is further improved; meanwhile, the external ultrafiltration membrane can obviously improve the concentration of the activated sludge in the biochemical tank, the concentration of the sludge reaches 30g/L, and the treatment capacity of the biochemical tank is improved. Meanwhile, the sludge generated by the ultrafiltration membrane unit 12 enters a sludge dewatering unit 16, and the supernatant after sludge dewatering enters a two-stage AO biochemical unit 11 for repeated treatment.
The nanofiltration membrane unit 13 of the invention is acted by a nanofiltration membrane high-pressure pump and a circulating pump, so that ultrafiltration water can permeate the nanofiltration membrane under the action of pressure, the aperture of the nanofiltration membrane is about 1nm, only organic matters and monovalent salts with the molecular weight of 500 plus one-year salt of below 1000 are allowed to permeate, macromolecular organic matters and divalent salts are trapped in a concentrated solution, thus accumulation of divalent salts and organic matters is formed, and the removal rate of the ultrafiltration water-producing organic matters by the nanofiltration membrane unit 13 can reach 80-85%. Meanwhile, the material membrane unit 17 further removes the enriched divalent salt and macromolecular organic pollutants, selectively intercepts humic acids such as fulvic acid, humic element and the like through the material membrane, and enriches the humic acids to the concentrated solution side.
The reverse osmosis membrane adopted by the reverse osmosis membrane unit 14 is a very precise membrane filtration system, organic pollutants with molecular weight of more than 100 and all inorganic salts can be intercepted, and the pollutant removal rate can reach more than 90%; the outlet water of the reverse osmosis membrane unit 14 is connected with a product water collecting tank 15, and the outlet water quality meets the open type circulating cooling water quality standard in GB/T19923-.
The concentrated solution decrement unit 18 of the invention adopts DTRO + STRO to carry out two-stage decrement treatment, and the qualified produced water enters the produced water collection tank 15 for recycling through the concentration and interception functions of high-pressure reverse osmosis.
The evaporation unit 19 of the invention adopts a multi-effect evaporation unit or an MVR evaporation crystallization unit, and the miscellaneous salt is formed by multi-effect evaporation or MVR evaporation crystallization for outward transportation treatment, and the standard-reaching produced water of the evaporation unit 19 enters the produced water collection tank 15 for recycling. Further, the heat energy used by the evaporation unit 19 may be steam generated by a biogas boiler, or electric energy generated by a biogas power generation system; furthermore, the anaerobic biogas slurry concentrated solution evaporative crystallization system preferably adopts a tube array type forced circulation treatment process, or adopts a process combining horizontal tube falling film, plate type evaporation and tube array type evaporative crystallization for pretreatment so as to meet the requirements of scale prevention and recovery rate.
Biogas residues generated by the biogas residue dehydration unit 4, sludge generated by the sludge dehydration unit 16 and humic acid separated by the material membrane unit are all sent to the drying unit 5, drying treatment is carried out under the action of steam, the water content of the sludge is reduced from 80% to below 30%, and organic fertilizer is prepared for recycling; further, the drying unit 5 is recommended to operate at a temperature not lower than 100 ℃ to ensure the killing of microorganisms and worm egg systems.
The system of the invention can also be applied to sludge anaerobic treatment, excrement anaerobic treatment and the like.
As shown in fig. 2, the invention provides a method for treating kitchen waste leachate, comprising the following steps:
s1, enabling the kitchen waste to enter a pretreatment unit 1, and enabling the kitchen waste to enter a mixed slurry tank 2 after automatic separation, crushing, slurry heating, oil removal by a three-phase centrifuge and solid-liquid separation;
s2, the mixed slurry enters an anaerobic unit 3, and organic matters are converted into biogas through the metabolism of microorganisms under the anaerobic condition for recycling;
s3, enabling biogas generated by anaerobic treatment to enter a biogas treatment unit 6 for desulfurization treatment, and enabling the biogas after desulfurization to enter a biogas boiler 7 for generating steam for heating pretreatment oil removal, an anaerobic unit 3, an evaporation unit 19 and a sludge drying unit 5; in addition, partial biogas enters a biogas power generation unit 8, electric energy is generated to supplement power consumption in a plant, and surplus power is used for grid-connected power generation;
s4, allowing the mixed liquid after anaerobic fermentation to enter a biogas residue dehydration unit 4, allowing the dehydrated biogas slurry to enter a subsequent sewage treatment system for treatment, and allowing the dehydrated biogas residue to enter a sludge drying unit 5 to generate an organic fertilizer;
s5, filtering anaerobic biogas slurry through a fine grid, then feeding the anaerobic biogas slurry into a two-stage AO biochemical unit 11, and removing most of the residual pollutants such as COD, NH3, TN and TP through the catabolism of microorganisms in an anoxic pond/aerobic pond;
s6, pumping the mixed liquid of the two-stage AO biochemical unit 11 into an MBR membrane unit, and realizing mud-water separation by the filtering action of an MBR membrane to improve the quality of effluent water; the sludge after the ultrafiltration of the MBR membrane unit enters a sludge dewatering unit 16, and the filtrate after the dewatering returns to the two-stage AO biochemical unit 11;
s7, enabling water produced by the MBR membrane unit to enter a nanofiltration membrane unit 13, selectively separating the nanofiltration membrane unit 13, further concentrating pollutants such as macromolecular COD (chemical oxygen demand) and NH3 and the like and enabling the concentrated solution to enter nanofiltration concentrated solution, and enabling the nanofiltration water to enter a reverse osmosis membrane unit 14;
s8, allowing the nanofiltration concentrated solution to enter a material membrane unit 17, further removing the enriched divalent salt and macromolecular organic pollutants, and separating humic acid;
s9, mixing the water produced by the material membrane unit 17 with the water produced by the nanofiltration membrane unit 13, entering the reverse osmosis membrane unit 14, intercepting most pollutants by the reverse osmosis membrane unit 14, and supplementing water for industrial water in a plant and outside after the water produced by the reverse osmosis membrane unit 14 meets the reuse water standard after reaching the standard;
s10, the concentrated solution of the reverse osmosis membrane unit 14 enters the concentrated solution decrement unit 18, the water produced by the concentrated solution decrement unit 18 enters the water producing pool, the concentrated solution enters the evaporation unit 19, and the generated crystallized salt is separately collected and buried.
And S11, drying the anaerobic dewatered sludge, the aerobic dewatered sludge and the humic acid in a drying system, and recycling the dried sludge as an organic fertilizer.
The invention has the advantages that:
on the basis of the existing anaerobic, aerobic and membrane system combined process of the kitchen waste leachate, the full-quantitative recycling of biogas resources is realized by integrating a biogas boiler and a biogas power generation system, the generated electric energy is used for meeting the power consumption in a plant and the abundant electric energy grid-connected power generation, and part of biogas enters the biogas boiler to supplement the heat energy for the production in the plant; in addition, by adding the evaporation unit, the full removal of pollutants is realized by utilizing self-produced heat and electric energy in the field, and the standard-reaching reuse of produced water is realized;
the invention can separate biodiesel, organic fertilizer, miscellaneous salt and the like from the kitchen waste leachate, and the treated effluent reaching the standard meets the water quality standard of open type circulating cooling water in GB/T19923-2005 urban sewage recycling-industrial water quality standard; meanwhile, the invention can greatly improve the energy utilization rate, reduce carbon emission, realize the supply of energy sources in a factory, realize the low emission of leachate, can be widely applied to the upgrading and transformation in the field of garbage leachate treatment and the reduction treatment of leachate concentrated solution, and has very wide market application prospect.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a processing system of kitchen garbage filtration liquid which characterized in that, the liquid treatment flow direction along garbage filtration liquid includes in proper order: the device comprises a pretreatment unit, a mixed slurry tank, an anaerobic unit, a biogas residue dehydration unit, an anaerobic biogas tank, a filtering unit, a two-stage AO biochemical unit, an ultrafiltration membrane unit, a nanofiltration membrane unit, a reverse osmosis membrane unit and a produced water collecting tank;
the sludge side of the ultrafiltration membrane unit is connected with a sludge dewatering unit, and the filtrate side of the sludge dewatering unit is connected with the two-stage AO biochemical unit;
the concentrated solution side of the nanofiltration membrane unit is connected with a material membrane unit, and the water production side of the material membrane unit is connected with the reverse osmosis membrane unit;
the concentrated solution side of the reverse osmosis membrane unit is sequentially connected with a concentrated solution decrement unit and an evaporation unit, and the water production sides of the concentrated solution decrement unit and the evaporation unit are connected with the water production collecting tank;
the sludge side of the biogas residue dehydration unit, the sludge side of the sludge dehydration unit and the concentrated solution side of the material membrane unit are all connected to the drying unit;
the biogas side of the anaerobic unit is connected with a biogas processing unit, the biogas processing unit is respectively connected with a biogas boiler and a biogas power generation unit, and the steam side of the biogas boiler is respectively connected with the pretreatment unit, the anaerobic unit, the drying unit and the evaporation unit.
2. The kitchen waste leachate treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment unit comprises a kitchen waste receiving mechanism, a large material sorting mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a three-phase separation mechanism and a spiral dewatering mechanism which are sequentially arranged.
3. The kitchen waste leachate treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic unit is used for anaerobic fermentation of the slurry under the action of steam, wherein the anaerobic unit is maintained at a temperature of 33-35 ℃.
4. The kitchen waste leachate treatment system of claim 1, wherein the biogas treatment unit comprises a biogas storage unit and a desulfurization unit which are arranged in sequence.
5. The treatment system for kitchen waste leachate according to claim 1, wherein the biogas residue dehydration unit uses a biogas slurry centrifuge to dehydrate the biogas residue, and the filtration unit uses a fine grid to remove impurities with a particle size of 1mm or more.
6. The kitchen waste leachate treatment system of claim 1, wherein the ultrafiltration membrane unit employs an external tubular ultrafiltration unit or a submerged MBR membrane, and contaminants with a particle size of more than 0.05 μm are retained.
7. The kitchen garbage leachate treatment system as recited in claim 1, wherein the nanofiltration membrane of the nanofiltration membrane unit allows organic matters and monovalent salts with molecular weight of 500-1000 or less to permeate and retains macromolecular organic matters and divalent salts, and the material membrane unit selectively retains humic acid through a material membrane, wherein the humic acid comprises fulvic acid, humic acid and humic element.
8. The kitchen waste leachate treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a reverse osmosis membrane of the reverse osmosis membrane unit retains organic pollutants and all inorganic salts with molecular weights of more than 100, and the concentrated solution reduction unit performs two-stage reduction treatment by using DTRO + STRO.
9. The kitchen waste leachate treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation unit is a multi-effect evaporation unit or an MVR evaporation crystallization unit.
10. A treatment method based on the treatment system of the kitchen waste leachate of any of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps:
the kitchen waste enters a pretreatment unit, and is subjected to sorting, crushing, slurry heating, three-phase centrifugal oil removal and solid-liquid separation to obtain biodiesel, solid matters and slurry, and the slurry enters a mixed slurry tank;
feeding the slurry in the mixed slurry tank into an anaerobic unit, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation under the action of steam under the condition of maintaining the temperature at 33-35 ℃;
the mixed liquid after anaerobic fermentation enters a biogas residue dehydration unit, the dehydrated biogas slurry enters a two-stage AO biochemical unit after being filtered by a filtering unit, and is subjected to catabolism by microorganisms in an anoxic pond/aerobic pond in the two-stage AO biochemical unit;
the mixed liquid treated by the two-stage AO biochemical unit sequentially enters an ultrafiltration membrane unit and a nanofiltration membrane unit, and ultrafiltration and nanofiltration are sequentially carried out;
the nanofiltration produced water enters a reverse osmosis membrane unit, the concentrated solution of the reverse osmosis membrane unit enters a concentrated solution reduction unit, and the concentrated solution of the concentrated solution reduction unit enters an evaporation unit; the produced water treated by the reverse osmosis membrane unit, the concentrated solution decrement unit and the evaporation unit is reused after reaching the standard, and the crystallized salt generated by the evaporation unit is separately collected for landfill;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation enters a biogas treatment unit for desulfurization treatment, one part of the desulfurized biogas enters a biogas power generation unit for biogas power generation, the other part of the desulfurized biogas enters a biogas boiler for steam generation, and the steam is sent to a pretreatment unit, an anaerobic unit, a drying unit and an evaporation unit;
the sludge ultrafiltered by the ultrafiltration membrane unit enters a sludge dewatering unit, and the filtrate after dewatering returns to the two-stage AO biochemical unit;
concentrated solution after nanofiltration by the nanofiltration membrane unit enters a material membrane unit, so that enriched divalent salt and macromolecular organic pollutants are further removed, and humic acid is separated;
and (3) the biogas residues dehydrated by the biogas residue dehydration unit, the sludge dehydrated by the sludge dehydration unit and humic acid separated by the material membrane unit enter a drying unit to obtain the organic fertilizer.
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| CN117046403A (en) * | 2023-10-11 | 2023-11-14 | 天津高能时代水处理科技有限公司 | Tower type fluidization reactor with airlift power high-magnification reflux and staggered baffling mixing |
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