CN114858325A - Miniature torque measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
Miniature torque measuring device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114858325A CN114858325A CN202110148545.7A CN202110148545A CN114858325A CN 114858325 A CN114858325 A CN 114858325A CN 202110148545 A CN202110148545 A CN 202110148545A CN 114858325 A CN114858325 A CN 114858325A
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- slip ring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
- G01L3/02—Rotary-transmission dynamometers
- G01L3/04—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft
- G01L3/10—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating
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- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a miniature torque measuring device and a miniature torque measuring method, and belongs to the technical field of torque sensor equipment. The measuring device comprises a conductive slip ring, an induction sheet and a torque shaft; the conductive slip ring comprises a stator and a rotor, and the stator is connected with the rotor; one end of the torque shaft is connected with a workpiece to be detected, and the other end of the torque shaft is connected with a gear powered by a motor; the rotor of the conductive slip ring is sleeved and bonded and fixed on the outer side surface of the torque shaft, and the torque shaft is bonded with the induction sheet; the induction sheet is positioned above the rotor; the induction sheet comprises a strain gauge I and a strain gauge II which are symmetrically bonded on the torque shaft and are connected with the conductive slip ring through a lead. The invention provides efficient and accurate micro equipment for measuring the torque in the small-size space, and improves the automation level of monitoring in the process of measuring the torque in the small-size space.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of torque sensor equipment, in particular to a miniature torque measuring device and a miniature torque measuring method.
Background
In the connection of engine assembly and parts, the bolt connection is widely used due to the advantages of simple structure, convenient maintenance and disassembly, good connection strength, rigidity and self-locking performance, and the like, and the magnitude of the tightening torque in the main bolt connecting piece is strictly regulated in each assembly part. For a large operation space, a standard torque sensor is generally adopted for automatic measurement of torque, and a large number of applications of intelligent torque sensors are important ways for realizing mechanical people exchange and promoting the traditional manufacturing industry to realize technical transformation and upgrading.
However, for torque measurement in a narrow space (such as screwing of screws in an engine cavity), because the standard torque sensor occupies a large volume and cannot be arranged in the narrow space, the conventional torque measurement method still mainly adopts manual measurement and manual calculation, has low efficiency and poor precision, has high requirement on the technical proficiency of workers, and is a field with high occupational diseases of the workers.
At present, in a plurality of fields of national economy such as automobiles, aviation, aerospace, precision instruments, molds and the like, the problem that torque cannot be measured by using a standard torque sensor exists, and therefore, the development of a torque measuring device suitable for a narrow space is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a miniature torque measuring device and a measuring method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a miniature torque measuring device comprises a conductive slip ring, an induction sheet and a torque shaft; wherein:
conductive slip ring: the device is arranged below a workpiece to be detected and is coaxial with the workpiece; the conductive slip ring comprises a stator and a rotor, and the stator is connected with the rotor;
torque shaft: the device is a cylindrical structure with openings at two ends, one end of the cylindrical structure is connected with a workpiece to be detected, and the other end of the cylindrical structure is connected with a gear powered by a motor; the rotor of the conductive slip ring is sleeved and bonded and fixed on the outer side surface of the torque shaft, and the torque shaft is bonded with the induction sheet; the induction sheet is positioned above the rotor;
induction sheet: the torque shaft comprises a strain gauge I and a strain gauge II, wherein the strain gauge I and the strain gauge II are symmetrically bonded on the outer side surface of the torque shaft, and the strain gauge I and the strain gauge II are connected with the conductive slip ring through a lead.
The rotor of the conductive slip ring comprises a sleeve base body, copper rings and nylon rings, wherein the copper rings and the nylon rings are arranged in a staggered mode and are fixedly (bonded) on the outer side surface of the nylon sleeve base body in a sleeved mode, the inner diameters of the copper rings and the plastic rings are the same, and the outer diameter of each copper ring is larger than the outer diameter of the plastic, so that an annular groove is formed between every two adjacent copper rings.
The stator of the conductive slip ring is a rectangular block with an arc-shaped concave surface, copper fan rings and nylon fan rings which are arranged in a staggered mode are bonded in the arc-shaped concave surface, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of each copper fan ring are the same as those of the copper rings, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of each nylon fan ring are the same as those of the nylon rings, and the copper fan rings are guaranteed to be in line contact with the copper rings.
The measuring device also comprises a circular plate-shaped torque shaft mounting seat with a mounting hole in the center, and the torque shaft is fixed on the torque shaft mounting seat through the mounting hole; the stator of the conductive slip ring is fixed on the surface of the torque shaft mounting seat through a bolt, and the installation position of the stator of the conductive slip ring and the fixed position of the rotor on the torque shaft ensure that a copper sector ring on the stator is in line contact with a copper ring on the rotor.
And after the wires of the induction sheets (the strain gauge I and the strain gauge II) are welded in a bridge connection mode, the lead-out wires of the induction sheets (the strain gauge I and the strain gauge II) are connected with the rotor of the conductive slip ring.
The method for measuring the miniature torque by using the measuring device comprises the following steps:
(1) after the micro torque measuring device is calibrated for the first time, the micro torque measuring device is adopted to measure the torque of the workpiece;
(2) when a miniature torque measuring device is used for measuring torque, a workpiece to be measured is arranged at one end of the torque shaft, the other end of the torque shaft is arranged with a gear driven by a motor, and the gear drives the torque shaft and the workpiece to rotate under the action of the motor;
(3) the torque of the rotation of the workpiece to be tested is changed into voltage through a group of symmetrically adhered strain gauges, an electric signal of the strain gauge is transmitted to a stator of the conductive slip ring through the conductive slip ring, then transmitted to a signal acquisition module (device) connected with the stator, and then transmitted to a final processing unit (PC) after being subjected to transfer processing (which can be an amplifier), and the torque value to be tested is obtained.
In the step (1), the miniature torque measuring device is calibrated by using a calibration device, the calibration device comprises a working platform and a standard torque sensor, the working platform comprises a bottom plate, an upper bedplate and supporting plates, and the bottom plate and the upper bedplate are arranged in parallel and are connected by two vertically arranged supporting plates; fixing a torque shaft mounting seat of the miniature torque measuring device on an upper bedplate of the working platform through a bolt, connecting the upper end of a torque shaft with a workpiece, and connecting the lower end of the torque shaft with a standard torque sensor; and the standard torque sensor is fixed in the middle of the workbench.
The calibration process comprises the following steps: installing a standard torque sensor in the middle of a workbench, fixing a torque shaft installation seat of a miniature torque measuring device on an upper bedplate of the workbench, installing a workpiece at the upper end of a torque shaft, and enabling the standard torque sensor to be coaxial with the workpiece; and measuring the torque when the workpiece rotates, and providing verification data in an experimental stage.
After the measuring device and the calibrating device are assembled, the lead slip ring, the induction sheet, the torque shaft, the working platform, the standard torque sensor, the corresponding connecting piece, the supporting piece and other parts have fixed and unchangeable relative positions under the same coordinate system.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the measuring device mainly adopts a self-made conductive slip ring and a strain gauge, a strain gauge sensor is integrated on a torque shaft, and the rotation of the torque shaft drives the conductive slip ring to act, so that a miniature torque sensor mechanism is formed, and torque measurement of tightening operation in a tiny space (such as tightening of screws in an inner cavity of an engine) can be realized.
(2) The torque measuring device can adapt to various small-size torque measurements, and has strong adaptability and high precision. And the cost is low and the reliability is high.
(3) The measuring device is calibrated before measuring the torque, the main component of the calibrating device is a standard torque sensor, the standard torque sensor can measure the accurate torque borne by the torque shaft, finally, the relation between the output voltage of the strain gauge and the actual torque borne by the torque shaft measured by the standard torque sensor is obtained, and the calibration of the relation between the output voltage of the strain gauge and the torque borne by the torque shaft is completed. The calibration tool is convenient to use and can be calibrated at one time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view showing the overall structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a conductive slip ring structure in the measuring device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a rotor structure of the conductive slip ring.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a stator structure of the conductive slip ring.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a sensor chip.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the wire connection of the sensor chip.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a standard torque sensor configuration.
Fig. 8 shows a calibration tool of the measuring device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a conductive slip ring; 101-a rotor; 1011-a sleeve base; 1012-copper ring; 1013-nylon ring; 102-a stator; 1021-copper sector ring; 1022-nylon fan ring; 2-torque axis; 3-induction sheet; 301-strain gage I; 302-strain gage II; 4-torque shaft mount; 5-a workpiece; 6-standard torque sensor; 7-an upper platen; 8-a bottom plate; 9-support plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a miniature torque measuring device, which is structurally shown in figure 1. The device comprises a conductive slip ring 1, an induction sheet 3 and a torque shaft 2; the concrete structure of each part is as follows:
the conductive slip ring comprises a stator 102 and a rotor 101, wherein the stator is connected with the rotor; the conductive slip ring is arranged below the workpiece 5 to be measured and is coaxial with the workpiece (figure 2).
The torque shaft is of a cylindrical structure with openings at two ends, the upper end of the torque shaft is connected with a workpiece 5 to be measured, the lower end of the torque shaft is connected with a gear, and the gear is powered by a motor; the rotor of the conductive slip ring is sleeved and bonded and fixed on the outer side surface of the torque shaft, the outer side surface of the torque shaft is bonded with the induction sheet, and the induction sheet is positioned above the rotor;
the induction piece comprises a strain gauge I301 and a strain gauge II 302, the strain gauge I and the strain gauge II are symmetrically bonded on the outer side surface of the torque shaft (shown in figure 5), and the strain gauge I and the strain gauge II are connected with the conductive slip ring through conducting wires.
As shown in fig. 3, the rotor of the conductive slip ring includes a sleeve base 1011, copper rings 1012 and nylon rings 1013, the copper rings and the nylon rings are arranged in a staggered manner and are sleeved and fixed (adhered) on the outer side of the nylon sleeve base 1011, the inner diameters of the copper rings and the plastic rings are the same, and the outer diameter of the copper rings is larger than the outer diameter of the plastic, so that an annular groove is formed between two adjacent copper rings.
As shown in fig. 4, the stator of the conductive slip ring is a rectangular block (made of nylon) having an arc-shaped concave surface, copper sector rings 1021 and nylon sector rings 1022 which are arranged in a staggered manner are bonded in the arc-shaped concave surface, the inner and outer diameters of the copper sector rings and the copper ring are the same, the inner and outer diameters of the nylon sector rings and the nylon ring are the same, and the copper sector rings and the copper ring are in line contact.
The measuring device also comprises a disk-shaped torque shaft mounting seat 4 with a mounting hole in the center, and the torque shaft is fixed on the torque shaft mounting seat through the mounting hole; the stator of the conductive slip ring is fixed on the surface of the torque shaft mounting seat through a bolt, and the installation position of the stator of the conductive slip ring and the fixed position of the rotor on the torque shaft ensure that a copper sector ring on the stator is in line contact with a copper ring on the rotor. Bolt holes are uniformly formed in the edge of the torque shaft mounting seat and used for mounting the torque shaft mounting seat on a working platform.
And after the wires of the induction sheets (the strain gauge I and the strain gauge II) are welded in a bridge connection mode, the lead-out wires of the induction sheets (the strain gauge I and the strain gauge II) are connected with the rotor of the conductive slip ring.
In the bridge connection mode (in the figure, a red lead wire of a front strain gauge I is fixed along a torque shaft seal and connected to a rear strain gauge II, and a black lead wire of the front strain gauge I is fixed along the torque shaft seal and connected to the rear strain gauge II) as shown in the figures 5-6, the strain gauge I and the strain gauge II are welded by leads, R4 is connected with R3, R1 and R2, the output ends of the strain gauge are P +, P-, S and S-, the four signal wires are respectively welded to four copper rings of a slip ring rotor along four grooves of a sleeve base body and respectively output voltage signals of the strain gauge I and the strain gauge II, four copper fan rings of a stator of a conductive slip ring are in electric brush sliding contact with the four copper rings of the stator, all the copper rings and the copper fan rings are respectively isolated by nylon rings and nylon fan rings to prevent signals from interfering with each other, the four copper fan rings of the stator extend out of the stator to form a circular hole structure, the round hole leads the P +, P-, S + and S-four out of the stator by using a lead. In a simple way, the lead structure finally transmits the electric signal of the strain gauge to the stator of the conductive slip ring through sliding contact, then transmits the electric signal to the signal collector, and finally obtains the torque value to be measured through the processing of the PC.
The method for measuring the miniature torque by using the measuring device comprises the following steps:
(1) after the micro torque measuring device is calibrated for the first time, the micro torque measuring device is adopted to measure the torque of the workpiece; as shown in fig. 7-8, the calibration device comprises a working platform and a standard torque sensor 6, wherein the working platform comprises a bottom plate 8, an upper bedplate 7 and a support plate 9, the bottom plate and the upper bedplate are arranged in parallel and are connected through two vertically arranged support plates; fixing a torque shaft mounting seat of the miniature torque measuring device on an upper bedplate of the working platform through a bolt, connecting the upper end of a torque shaft with a workpiece, and connecting the lower end of the torque shaft with a standard torque sensor; and the standard torque sensor is fixed in the middle of the workbench.
The calibration process comprises the following steps: installing a standard torque sensor in the middle of a workbench, fixing a torque shaft installation seat of a miniature torque measuring device on an upper bedplate of the workbench, installing a workpiece at the upper end of a torque shaft, and enabling the standard torque sensor to be coaxial with the workpiece; and measuring the torque while the workpiece rotates, and providing data for torque calibration. And after the torque calibration is finished, obtaining a proportionality coefficient between a voltage value output by the strain gauge and a torque value borne by the torque shaft. After one-time calibration is completed, the miniature torque measuring device can be used as an independent sensor.
(2) Measuring torque by adopting a miniature torque measuring device, mounting a workpiece to be measured at the upper end of a torque shaft, fixing a conductive slip ring on the torque shaft, and enabling the workpiece to be coaxial with a conductive slip ring rotor; the lower end of the torque shaft is mounted with a gear driven by a motor; the induction sheets are symmetrically stuck on the torque shaft, and lead wires are led out through the induction sheets and are connected with a rotor of the conductive slip ring.
(3) The gear drives the torque shaft and the workpiece to rotate under the action of the motor; because the torque shaft can produce small deformation after receiving the moment of torsion, consequently the foil gage can be along with the meeting an emergency of torque shaft and then produce the microstrain, and then change the voltage value of foil gage output, through leading electrical slip ring with the signal transmission of foil gage to the stator of leading electrical slip ring, then transmit to the signal collector who is connected with the stator in, after amplifier amplification, transmit to PC and handle, obtain the torque value that awaits measuring.
After the measuring device and the calibrating device are assembled, the lead slip ring, the induction sheet, the torque shaft, the working platform, the standard torque sensor, the corresponding connecting piece, the supporting piece and other parts have fixed and unchangeable relative positions under the same coordinate system.
Claims (8)
1. A miniature torque measuring device characterized by: the device comprises a conductive slip ring, an induction sheet and a torque shaft; wherein:
conductive slip ring: the device is arranged below a workpiece to be detected and is coaxial with the workpiece; the conductive slip ring comprises a stator and a rotor, and the stator is connected with the rotor;
torque shaft: the device is a cylindrical structure with openings at two ends, one end of the cylindrical structure is connected with a workpiece to be detected, and the other end of the cylindrical structure is connected with a gear powered by a motor; the rotor of the conductive slip ring is sleeved and bonded and fixed on the outer side surface of the torque shaft, and the torque shaft is bonded with the induction sheet; the induction sheet is positioned above the rotor;
induction sheet: the torque shaft comprises a strain gauge I and a strain gauge II, wherein the strain gauge I and the strain gauge II are symmetrically bonded on the outer side surface of the torque shaft, and the strain gauge I and the strain gauge II are connected with the conductive slip ring through a lead.
2. The miniature torque measuring device of claim 1, wherein: the rotor of the conductive slip ring comprises a sleeve base body, copper rings and nylon rings, wherein the copper rings and the nylon rings are arranged in a staggered mode and are fixedly (bonded) on the outer side surface of the nylon sleeve base body in a sleeved mode, the inner diameters of the copper rings and the plastic rings are the same, and the outer diameter of each copper ring is larger than the outer diameter of the plastic, so that an annular groove is formed between every two adjacent copper rings.
3. The miniature torque measuring device of claim 2, wherein: the stator of the conductive slip ring is a rectangular block with an arc-shaped concave surface, copper fan rings and nylon fan rings which are arranged in a staggered mode are bonded in the arc-shaped concave surface, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of each copper fan ring are the same as those of the copper rings, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of each nylon fan ring are the same as those of the nylon rings, and the copper fan rings are guaranteed to be in line contact with the copper rings.
4. The miniature torque measuring device of claim 3, wherein: the measuring device also comprises a circular plate-shaped torque shaft mounting seat with a mounting hole in the center, and the torque shaft is fixed on the torque shaft mounting seat through the mounting hole; the stator of the conductive slip ring is fixed on the surface of the torque shaft mounting seat through a bolt, and the installation position of the stator of the conductive slip ring and the fixed position of the rotor on the torque shaft ensure that a copper sector ring on the stator is in line contact with a copper ring on the rotor.
5. The miniature torque measuring device of claim 1, wherein: and after the wires of the induction sheets (the strain gauge I and the strain gauge II) are welded, leading out the wires of the induction sheets (the strain gauge I and the strain gauge II) to be connected with the rotor of the conductive slip ring.
6. A method of miniature torque measurement performed by the apparatus according to any of claims 1-5, wherein: the measuring method comprises the following steps:
(1) after the micro torque measuring device is calibrated for the first time, the micro torque measuring device is adopted to measure the torque of the workpiece;
(2) when a miniature torque measuring device is used for measuring torque, a workpiece to be measured is arranged at one end of the torque shaft, the other end of the torque shaft is arranged with a gear driven by a motor, and the gear drives the torque shaft and the workpiece to rotate under the action of the motor;
(3) the torque of the rotation of the workpiece to be measured is converted into voltage through a group of symmetrically adhered strain gauges, an electric signal of the strain gauge is transmitted to a stator of the conductive slip ring through the conductive slip ring, then transmitted to a signal collector connected with the stator, and then transmitted to a final processing unit (PC) after being subjected to transfer processing (which can be an amplifier), and the torque value to be measured is obtained.
7. A method of miniature torque measurement by the apparatus of claim 6, wherein: in the step (1), the miniature torque measuring device is calibrated by adopting a calibration device, the calibration device comprises a working platform and a standard torque sensor, the working platform comprises a bottom plate, an upper bedplate and supporting plates, and the bottom plate and the upper bedplate are arranged in parallel and are connected by two vertically arranged supporting plates; fixing a torque shaft mounting seat of the miniature torque measuring device on an upper bedplate of the working platform through a bolt, connecting the upper end of a torque shaft with a workpiece, and connecting the lower end of the torque shaft with a standard torque sensor; and the standard torque sensor is fixed in the middle of the workbench.
8. A method of miniature torque measurement by the apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the calibration process comprises the following steps: installing a standard torque sensor in the middle of a workbench, fixing a torque shaft installation seat of a miniature torque measuring device on an upper bedplate of the workbench, installing a workpiece at the upper end of a torque shaft, and enabling the standard torque sensor to be coaxial with the workpiece; and measuring the torque when the workpiece rotates, and providing verification data in an experimental stage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110148545.7A CN114858325A (en) | 2021-02-03 | 2021-02-03 | Miniature torque measuring device and measuring method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110148545.7A CN114858325A (en) | 2021-02-03 | 2021-02-03 | Miniature torque measuring device and measuring method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114858325A true CN114858325A (en) | 2022-08-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110148545.7A Pending CN114858325A (en) | 2021-02-03 | 2021-02-03 | Miniature torque measuring device and measuring method |
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| CN (1) | CN114858325A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115950572A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-04-11 | 江苏兴锻智能装备科技有限公司 | Motor torque detection equipment with multi-station directional detection function |
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| GB738560A (en) * | 1952-12-31 | 1955-10-12 | Gen Electric | Improvements in and relating to electric contact devices of the slip ring kind |
| CN102837283A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2012-12-26 | 北京科瑞思创测控科技有限公司 | Numerical-control constant-torque electric spanner |
| CN203205685U (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-09-18 | 中华人民共和国黄岛出入境检验检疫局 | Electric conductive slip ring of wind generator |
| CN203747582U (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-07-30 | 淄博京科电气研究所 | Switch magnetic resistance motor with torque sensor |
| CN104276251A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-14 | 太仓市荣驰电机有限公司 | Torque sensing system for middle shaft of electric vehicle |
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2021
- 2021-02-03 CN CN202110148545.7A patent/CN114858325A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB738560A (en) * | 1952-12-31 | 1955-10-12 | Gen Electric | Improvements in and relating to electric contact devices of the slip ring kind |
| CN102837283A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2012-12-26 | 北京科瑞思创测控科技有限公司 | Numerical-control constant-torque electric spanner |
| CN203205685U (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-09-18 | 中华人民共和国黄岛出入境检验检疫局 | Electric conductive slip ring of wind generator |
| CN203747582U (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-07-30 | 淄博京科电气研究所 | Switch magnetic resistance motor with torque sensor |
| CN104276251A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-14 | 太仓市荣驰电机有限公司 | Torque sensing system for middle shaft of electric vehicle |
| US20170320539A1 (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2017-11-09 | Taicang Rongchi Motor Co., Ltd | Electric vehicle central shaft torque sensing system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115950572A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-04-11 | 江苏兴锻智能装备科技有限公司 | Motor torque detection equipment with multi-station directional detection function |
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