CN114853821A - Method for separating saponin from waste water of canned asparagus processing - Google Patents
Method for separating saponin from waste water of canned asparagus processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN114853821A CN114853821A CN202210647397.8A CN202210647397A CN114853821A CN 114853821 A CN114853821 A CN 114853821A CN 202210647397 A CN202210647397 A CN 202210647397A CN 114853821 A CN114853821 A CN 114853821A
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 235000005340 Asparagus officinalis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 244000003416 Asparagus officinalis Species 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000589517 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 63
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000017709 saponins Nutrition 0.000 description 79
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002949 hemolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NWMIYTWHUDFRPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sapogenin Natural products COC(=O)C1(CO)C(O)CCC2(C)C1CCC3(C)C2CC=C4C5C(C)(O)C(C)CCC5(CCC34C)C(=O)O NWMIYTWHUDFRPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07G—COMPOUNDS OF UNKNOWN CONSTITUTION
- C07G3/00—Glycosides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/02—Foam dispersion or prevention
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of saponin extraction, and particularly relates to a method for separating saponin from asparagus can processing wastewater by using a foam separation device. The specific method comprises the steps of uniformly stirring the waste water and the compound microbial inoculum, wherein the compound microbial inoculum accounts for 0.02-0.3% of the waste water in the canned asparagus processing, the compound microbial inoculum consists of a pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial inoculum, a lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum and a bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, and the proportion of 3 is 2-5: 1: 3-5, fully mixing, introducing into a foam separation device, blowing air by using an air distributor to generate bubbles, and collecting the foams with the saponin; at 15-40 ℃, separate for 5-10 min, successfully extracted saponin composition, show and improved extraction efficiency, promoted 2~3 times than other modes at least, the saponin enrichment ratio of collecting is up to about 9~11, and cooperates with the foam separator, makes and draws simplyr, more is fit for the industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of saponin extraction, and particularly relates to a method for separating saponin from asparagus can processing wastewater.
Background
The bioactive substances in the asparagus are mainly steroidal saponin compounds. Steroid saponin is a kind of saponin with cyclopentane polyhydrophenanthrene mother nucleus structure, which exists widely in nature, besides being used as raw material for synthesizing steroid hormone and contraceptive, steroid saponin also has wide pharmacological action and important biological activity, such as cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment, anti-tumor, immunity regulation, antifungal, blood sugar reduction, insecticidal activity (Zhaojie. extraction, purification and hemolytic activity research of asparagus saponin).
During the processing of asparagus, a large amount of processed waste water is generated, and the waste water contains saponin compounds with high concentration. Particularly, the concentration of the saponin in the waste water generated in the 'precooking' link in the asparagus can processing technology can reach 500-5000 mg/L, and if the waste water generated in the asparagus processing is recycled and saponin compounds in the waste water are extracted, the additional value of the asparagus processing industry can be improved, and the asparagus can processing technology accords with the development direction in the current industry.
Steroid saponin is soluble in water, soluble in hot water and diluted alcohol, and insoluble in lipophilic solvents such as petroleum ether, benzene, and diethyl ether.
The common extraction method comprises hot extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and ultrahigh pressure-assisted extraction. At present, ethanol is most commonly used as a solvent for extraction in laboratories, and the total saponins are generally obtained by firstly extracting with ethanol, then suspending the ethanol extract in water and extracting with water-saturated n-butanol.
However, the method is only suitable for extracting the saponin from the asparagus or the processing leftovers of the stem bark, the concentration of the saponin in the asparagus processing wastewater is relatively lower than that of the saponin in the asparagus or the processing leftovers of the stem bark, and the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming in extraction, high in cost and not suitable any more.
CN 103142664B discloses a method for extracting total saikosaponin from bupleurum by a two-stage foam separation method, which comprises the following steps: drying and crushing radix bupleuri decoction pieces, extracting by a solvent cold-soaking method, filtering to obtain a crude extract of saikosaponin, recovering a solvent in the crude extract, taking an obtained saponin aqueous solution as an initial feed liquid, separating in a first-stage foam separation tower, breaking foam of a foam layer, stopping ventilation when foam cannot flow out of the top of the foam separation tower, and breaking the foam flowing out of the top of the first-stage foam separation tower into a first-stage defoaming solution; after the residual liquid in the tower is used as the feeding material of the second-stage foam separation and enters a second-stage foam separation tower for separation, foam flowing out from the tower top is broken into second-stage defoaming liquid, ventilation is stopped when the foam can not flow out from the tower top of the foam separation tower, and the second-stage defoaming liquid and the saikosaponin crude extract are mixed and added into the feeding material of the first-stage foam separation tower; and (4) evaporating the foam breaking solution in vacuum to obtain a concentrated solution, adjusting the pH value to be slightly alkaline, and freeze-drying to obtain the product. The method has high yield which can reach 87 to 92 percent.
However, the above documents still have the following disadvantages: (1) each stage of foam is separated for 1-2 h, and the efficiency is slightly low; (2) the enrichment ratio is 5-8 and needs to be improved.
Therefore, how to give consideration to the extraction cost, how to separate the saponin in the asparagus processing wastewater quickly, efficiently and with low cost is used for the problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for separating saponin from asparagus can processing wastewater, which utilizes the difference of adsorption properties of low-polarity component saponin on a gas-liquid two-phase interface, takes foam as a separation medium, adopts technical means such as high-efficiency foaming, foam separation, component enrichment and the like to carry out optimized assembly, researches and designs to form a foam separation device in asparagus processing wastewater, and mainly comprises a gas distributor, an air pump, a foam separation barrel, a wastewater barrel, a recovery tank and the like. The method realizes the high-efficiency extraction and enrichment recovery of the saponin in the waste water from the asparagus can processing, and simultaneously optimizes the separation factors and conditions such as the foam generation mode, the saponin concentration of the waste water, different foaming agents and the like. The results show that: the gas distributor has the optimal effect, the content of 3000mg/L saponin is the most suitable concentration for extracting the saponin through foam separation, and the composite microbial agent consisting of the pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial agent, the lactobacillus plantarum microbial agent and the bacillus subtilis microbial agent can be used for foam separation and extraction of saponin wastewater with relatively low concentration, so that the bubble efficiency can be obviously improved, and the improvement is at least 2-3 times compared with other modes.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the method for separating the saponin from the asparagus can processing wastewater comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly stirring the saponin-containing asparagus can processing wastewater and a compound microbial agent at 28-35 ℃, wherein the compound microbial agent accounts for 0.02-0.3% of the asparagus can processing wastewater, and adjusting the pH value to 6-8 after fully mixing;
(2) introducing the mixed solution in the step (1) into a foam separation device, blowing air by using an air distributor to generate bubbles, and stopping introducing air when the foam cannot flow out of the top of the foam separation tower;
(3) collecting the foam with saponin: separating for 5-10 min at 15-40 ℃ and collecting foam;
(4) and breaking the collected foam to obtain defoaming solution.
Preferably, the concentration of the saponin in the wastewater in the step (1) is 500-5000 mg/L, and the feeding amount is 100-150 mL.
Preferably, the concentration of saponin in the wastewater in the above (1) is 3000 mg/L.
Preferably, the composite microbial strain in the step (1) consists of a pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial agent, a lactobacillus plantarum microbial agent and a bacillus subtilis microbial agent; pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial inoculum: the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum: the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum is 2-5: 1: 3 to 5.
Preferably, in (1), the pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial inoculum: the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum: the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum is 5: 1: 3.
preferably, in the step (1), the composite microbial agent accounts for 0.18 percent of the weight of the asparagus can processing wastewater, and the pH value of the asparagus can processing wastewater is 6.8-7.6 after the composite microbial agent is fully mixed.
Preferably, in the above (2), the aeration flow rate of the gas distributor is 0.6 to 4.0L/min.
Preferably, in the above (3), the foam with saponin is collected; and (3) separating for 10min at the temperature of 15-30 ℃.
Preferably, in the above (3), the foam with saponin is collected; and (3) separating for 10min at the temperature of 15-25 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (4), the collected foam is placed at 1-4 ℃ for 8-10 h for foam breaking to obtain the defoaming solution.
The method of the invention is realized by the foam separation device in (2), which comprises the following specific steps:
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the extraction temperature of the method is room temperature and normal temperature (15-40 ℃), no heating treatment is needed, the extraction condition is loose, the energy consumption is low, the separation speed is high, and the separation time is only 5-10 min.
(2) The high-efficiency gas distributor is adopted in the foam generation mode, so that the saponin recovery rate is high; the recovery rate of the final saponin in the optimal process is as high as 92.8%, and the enrichment ratio of the collected saponin is as high as about 9-11.
(3) The concentration of the saponin in the wastewater is optimized, and the experiment of the invention shows that the content of the saponin of 3000mg/L is the optimum concentration for extracting the saponin by foam separation; the compound microbial agent consisting of the pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial agent, the lactobacillus plantarum microbial agent and the bacillus subtilis microbial agent can be used for foam separation and extraction of active ingredient wastewater with relatively low concentration, and is high in efficiency and improved by 2-3 times compared with other modes.
(4) The special foam separation device is adopted, and the stepped wall surfaces arranged on the inner wall of the box body and the outer wall of the separation cylinder in the device enhance the demulsification phenomenon and promote the generation of purified foam due to the existence of edges and corners.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall structure of a foam separating device;
FIG. 2 is an internal view of the foam separation unit housing;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the foam separating apparatus.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments in order to provide a better understanding of the invention to those skilled in the art.
In the foam separation technology, the solution contains surface active substances which are one of the necessary conditions for foam separation, and the invention discovers that the asparagus saponin has hydrophilic glycosyl and hydrophobic sapogenin, is an excellent natural non-ionic surface active component and has good foamability, so the invention utilizes the foam separation technology to separate the saponin.
Example 1
(1) Uniformly stirring 150mL of asparagus can processing wastewater containing different concentrations of saponins and different microbial agents at 30 ℃, and adjusting the pH value to 7 after fully mixing;
the concentrations of the saponin are respectively 500mg/L, 1000mg/L, 2000mg/L, 3000mg/L, 4000mg/L and 5000 mg/L;
the microbial agents are respectively 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.06%, 0.1%, 0.14%, 0.18%, 0.22%, 0.26%, 0.3%, 0.34% and 0.4% of the weight of the wastewater, and the pH value is adjusted to 7 after the microbial agents are fully mixed;
the microbial agents examined were: bifidobacterium, saccharomyces cerevisiae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis and a compound microbial agent consisting of the bifidobacterium, the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the pseudomonas aeruginosa, the lactobacillus plantarum and the bacillus subtilis;
in earlier investigation, the ratio of the composite microbial agent consisting of the two microbial agents is 1: 1; the ratio of the compound microbial agent consisting of the three microbial agents is 3: 1: 3;
in later-period investigation, the compound microbial agent consists of a pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial agent, a lactobacillus plantarum microbial agent and a bacillus subtilis microbial agent; the investigation proportion range is as follows: the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum: the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum is 1-6: 1: 3-5;
(2) introducing the mixed solution in the step (1) into a foam separation device, blowing air at different air flow rates by using different foam generation modes to generate bubbles, and stopping introducing air when the foam cannot flow out of the top of the foam separation tower;
the specifically considered airflow rates (L/min) are respectively 0.02, 0.06, 0.08, 0.2, 0.6, 1, 1.4, 1.8, 2.2, 2.6, 2.8, 3.2, 3.6, 4.0 and 4.4;
the foam generation modes examined were: gas direct blowing, gas distribution and homogenization;
(3) collecting the foam with saponin: separating at 25 deg.C for 10 min;
(4) and (3) standing the collected foam at 2 ℃ for 8h for foam breaking to obtain defoaming solution.
The method comprises the step of separating by using the foam separating device in the step (2), wherein the device comprises a box body 1 with a sealed top, a foam outlet 4 is formed in the upper part of the wall of the box body 1, a separating cylinder 2 is arranged in the box body 1, a gas distributor 3 is connected to one side of the separating cylinder 2, a liquid inlet pipe 5 penetrates through the box body 1 from the outside of the box body 1 and leads to the inside of the separating cylinder 2, a return pipe 6 is further connected to the liquid inlet pipe 5, and the other end of the return pipe 6 leads to a position between the inner wall of the box body 1 and the outer wall of the separating cylinder 2.
Foam is blown up from the lower part of the liquid by an air pump and overflows in the separating cylinder 2, emulsion breaking phenomenon can be caused by contacting with the wall of the external box body 1, and the foam flows into a channel 8 at the bottom of the box body 1 along the wall of the box body 1 and is recycled through a return pipe 6 and then is filled into the separating cylinder 2 for separation.
The gas distributor 3 comprises an air pipe and an air pump, the air pump is connected with a power supply, and the air pipe passes through the box body 1 from the outside of the box body 1 and is introduced into the lower part of the separation barrel 2; the formation of bubbles is favoured by a flow which can be gas for a longer time from below.
The bottom surface in the box body 1 is set to be a structure slightly inclined from the middle to the periphery, a channel 8 is arranged at the junction of the bottom surface of the box body 1 and the side wall of the box body 1, the depth of the channel 8 is gradually deepened towards the direction of an interface of the return pipe 6, and the return pipe 6 is communicated with the channel 8.
The bottom structure can lead water flowing down from demulsification to automatically flow into the channel 8 under the action of gravity, and then flow into the return pipe 6 from high to low along the channel 8.
The inner wall of the box body 1 and the outer wall of the separating cylinder 2 are provided with stepped wall surfaces; the stepped wall surface is favorable for demulsification and foam purification due to the existence of edges and corners.
The inner wall surface of the separating cylinder 2 is arranged in a spiral shape, and the uneven inner wall can cause the flow to collide with liquid more violently, so that the generation of foam is facilitated.
A filter screen is arranged on the outer wall of the separating cylinder 2, the filter screen is respectively connected with the inner wall of the box body 1 and the outer wall of the separating cylinder 2, and the filter screen is positioned at the upper part or the middle part of the outer wall of the separating cylinder 2; the filter screen is parallel to the upper top surface of the box body 1, and the existence of the filter screen can support bubbles without influencing the downward flow of the liquid.
The mesh of the filter screen is circular, and the area of the mesh is 3mm 2 。
The liquid inlet pipe 5 is provided with a water pump, and the return pipe 6 is provided with a one-way valve.
The highest point of the return pipe 6 is not higher than the connection part of the return pipe and the wall of the box body 1, and universal wheels are arranged at the outer bottom of the box body 1.
The liquid inlet pipe 5 is connected with a stirring barrel 7, the joint of the return pipe 6 and the liquid inlet pipe 5 is positioned between the stirring barrel 7 and the box body 1, liquid can be more uniformly distributed through stirring before entering the separation barrel 2, the obtained foam quality is high, and the foam can be more easily generated.
Detailed examination
(1) The invention detects the influence of different foam generation modes on the recovery rate of saponin through experiments, and the experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 1 Effect of different foam generation modes and times on saponin recovery
It can be seen that the saponin recovery rate is highest by using the gas distributor to blow gas, and the saponin and other substances which are most likely to be separated have the highest concentration, but the saponin recovery rate is not greatly influenced by time, probably because most of bubbles which can be blown out in the first few minutes are blown out; finally, a gas distributor is selected for blowing gas to carry out the next test.
(2) The invention detects the influence of different air flow rates in the air distributor on the saponin recovery rate through experiments, and the experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 2 Effect of different gas flow rates on saponin recovery
| Air flow rate (L/min) | Percent recovery of saponin (%) |
| 0.02 | 40.2 |
| 0.06 | 45.0 |
| 0.08 | 54.5 |
| 0.2 | 54.4 |
| 0.6 | 65.2 |
| 1 | 66.0 |
| 1.4 | 68.2 |
| 1.8 | 70.3 |
| 2.2 | 71.1 |
| 2.6 | 72.0 |
| 2.8 | 78.1 |
| 3.2 | 77.6 |
| 3.6 | 74.3 |
| 4.0 | 73.4 |
| 4.4 | 68.9 |
The result shows that the aeration flow rate of the gas distributor is within the range of 0.6-4.0L/min, the influence on the recovery rate of the saponin is large, the recovery rate can reach 65.2-78.1%, and the recovery rate of the saponin at the air flow rate of 2.8L/min reaches the highest and is 78.1%.
(3) The invention detects the influence of the waste water with different concentrations on the recovery rate of the saponin through experiments, and the experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 3 Effect of saponin concentration in wastewater on saponin recovery
| Saponin concentration (mg/L) | Percent recovery of saponin (%) |
| 500 | 48.3 |
| 1000 | 60.8 |
| 2000 | 68.5 |
| 3000 | 75.9 |
| 4000 | 78.3 |
| 5000 | 78.0 |
Therefore, the recovery rate of the saponin in the high-concentration wastewater is higher, and the wastewater with the saponin concentration of 3000mg/L is finally selected for the next experiment considering that the concentration of the wastewater generated in the actual industrial production cannot be too high.
(4) According to the invention, the influence of different microbial agents on the saponin recovery rate is detected through experiments, the microbial agents in the following table account for 0.2% of the weight of the waste water from canned asparagus processing, and the experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 4 Effect of different microbial Agents and ratios on saponin recovery
The method is characterized in that the influence of different microbial agents on the recovery rate of saponin is tested by using wastewater with the saponin concentration of 3000mg/L, and the test result shows that the influence of 3 microbial agents, namely the pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial agent, the lactobacillus plantarum microbial agent and the bacillus subtilis microbial agent, on the recovery rate of saponin is relatively small, but the recovery rate of saponin generated by only the compound microbial agent consisting of the pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial agent, the lactobacillus plantarum microbial agent and the bacillus subtilis microbial agent 3 is the largest and is as high as 91.5 percent, which is far higher than the recovery rate of saponin obtained by preparing the compound microbial agent by combining the saccharomyces cerevisiae microbial agent, the bifidobacterium and any 2 microbial agents in the 3 microbial agents;
finally, a compound microbial agent consisting of a pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial agent, a lactobacillus plantarum microbial agent and a bacillus subtilis microbial agent is selected for the next test.
(5) The invention detects the influence of compound microbial agents with different proportions on the recovery rate of saponin through experiments, wherein the microbial agent accounts for 0.2 percent of the waste water of canned asparagus processing, and the proportion in the following table is that the pseudomonas aeruginosa agent: the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum: the ratio of the bacillus subtilis preparation is as follows:
TABLE 5 influence of complex microbial inoculum with different ratios on saponin recovery
| Different proportions of the components | Percent recovery of saponin (%) |
| 1：1：3 | 77.8 |
| 1：1：4 | 72.9 |
| 1：1：5 | 77.7 |
| 2：1：2 | 89.2 |
| 2：1：3 | 86.0 |
| 2：1：4 | 86.5 |
| 2：1：5 | 85.0 |
| 2：1：6 | 77.3 |
| 3：1：3 | 85.8 |
| 3：1：4 | 85.2 |
| 3：1：5 | 87.0 |
| 4：1：3 | 88.8 |
| 4：1：4 | 85.4 |
| 4：1：5 | 84.8 |
| 5：1：3 | 91.7 |
| 5：1：4 | 85.0 |
| 5：1：5 | 83.3 |
| 5：1：6 | 76.5 |
| 6：1：3 | 75.8 |
| 6：1：4 | 78.4 |
| 6：1：5 | 80.5 |
The results show that the pseudomonas aeruginosa inoculum: the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum: the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum is prepared from 2-5 parts by weight: 1: the recovery rate of the saponin is greatly influenced within the range of 3-5, the recovery rate is 85.0-91.7%, and the optimal proportion is 5: 1: 3, 91.7%.
(6) The invention detects the influence of the compound microbial agents with different proportions in the asparagus can processing wastewater on the saponin recovery rate through experiments, and the experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 6 influence of complex microbial inoculum with different ratios on saponin recovery
| Different ratio (%) | Percent recovery of saponin (%) |
| 0.01 | 73.8 |
| 0.02 | 86.6 |
| 0.06 | 90.0 |
| 0.10 | 92.1 |
| 0.14 | 92.5 |
| 0.18 | 92.8 |
| 0.22 | 91.6 |
| 0.26 | 92.0 |
| 0.30 | 91.2 |
| 0.34 | 88.9 |
| 0.40 | 89.2 |
The result shows that the composite microbial inoculum accounts for 0.02-0.3%, has great influence on the recovery rate of saponin, and accounts for 73.8-92.8%, and the optimal accounts for 0.18%.
Furthermore, the invention also observes the concrete change of the saponin concentration in the wastewater before and after the saponin separation, takes the wastewater with the saponin concentration of about 3000mg/L as the wastewater stock solution, adopts the screened optimal process conditions to carry out six groups of soap-based separation tests, respectively detects the soap-based concentration in the residual wastewater after the separation is finished, and the results are as follows:
the optimal process conditions adopted are as follows:
foam generation mode: blowing gas by a gas distributor;
airflow rate: 2.8L/min;
the compound microbial agent comprises the following components: pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial inoculum: the plant milk Thailand bacillus agent: the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum is 5: 1: 3; the content of the waste water in the canned asparagus processing is 0.18 percent.
TABLE 7 change in saponin concentration in wastewater before and after separation of the soap base
As can be seen from the above table, the saponin concentration in the defoamed solution after separation is very high, the enrichment ratio is as high as 9.1-11.1%, and the saponin concentration of the residual solution is only 80.6-100.5 mg/L; this is matched with the higher saponin recovery rate in the above experimental results, further confirming that the process of the present invention has higher saponin recovery rate.
Claims (10)
1. The method for separating the saponin from the asparagus can processing wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly stirring the saponin-containing asparagus can processing wastewater and a compound microbial agent at 28-35 ℃, wherein the compound microbial agent accounts for 0.02-0.3% of the asparagus can processing wastewater, and adjusting the pH value to 6-8 after fully mixing;
the compound microbial agent consists of a pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial agent, a lactobacillus plantarum microbial agent and a bacillus subtilis microbial agent;
(2) introducing the mixed solution in the step (1) into a foam separation device, and blowing air by adopting an air distributor to generate bubbles;
(3) collecting the foam with saponin: separating for 5-10 min at 15-40 ℃ and collecting foam;
(4) and breaking the collected foam to obtain defoaming solution.
2. The method for separating saponin from waste water generated in processing of canned asparagus as claimed in claim 1, wherein in (1), the concentration of saponin in the waste water is 500-5000 mg/mL.
3. The method for separating saponin from waste water of asparagus can processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein in (1), the concentration of saponin in the waste water is 3000 mg/L.
4. The method for separating saponin from waste water of canned asparagus processing by using a foam separation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein in (1), pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial inoculum: the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum: the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum is 2-5: 1: 3 to 5.
5. The method for separating saponin from waste water of canned asparagus processing by using a foam separation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein in (1), pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial inoculum: the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum: the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum is 5: 1: 3.
6. the method for separating saponin from waste water from canned asparagus processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein in (1), the composite microbial agent accounts for 0.06-0.3% of the weight of the waste water from canned asparagus processing, and the pH value is adjusted to 6.8-7.6 after the mixture is fully mixed.
7. The method for separating saponin from waste water from canned asparagus processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein in (2), the aeration flow rate of the gas distributor is 0.6-4.0L/min.
8. The method for separating saponin from waste water from canned asparagus processing according to claim 1, wherein in (3), the foam with saponin is collected: separating for 5-10 min at 15-30 ℃.
9. A method for separating saponin from waste water generated in processing asparagus cans as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the collected foam is placed at 1-4 ℃ for 8-10 h for defoaming, and defoaming solution is obtained.
10. The method for separating saponin from waste water generated in processing asparagus cans in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly stirring asparagus can processing wastewater with saponin concentration of 500-5000 mg/mL and a compound microbial agent at 28-35 ℃, wherein the compound microbial agent accounts for 0.02-0.3% of the weight of the asparagus can processing wastewater, and fully mixing to ensure that the pH value is 6-8;
(2) introducing the mixed solution in the step (1) into a foam separation device, blowing air by using an air distributor to generate bubbles, and keeping the air flow rate at 0.6-4.0L/min during air blowing;
(3) collecting the foam with saponin: separating for 5-10 min at 15-25 ℃;
(4) and (3) placing the collected foam at the temperature of 1-4 ℃ for 8-10 h for foam breaking to obtain defoaming solution.
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