CN114853287A

CN114853287A - Pond culture water quality purification system

Info

Publication number: CN114853287A
Application number: CN202210667027.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈文永; 李惠玉; 周明华; 沙正辉; 邓勇华
Original assignee: Aquatic Breeding Farm Of Huai'an Keyuan Fishery Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Aquatic Breeding Farm Of Huai'an Keyuan Fishery Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-14
Filing date: 2022-06-14
Publication date: 2022-08-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a pond culture water quality purification system, which relates to the technical field of culture tail water treatment and comprises a culture pond, a sedimentation tank, an aeration tank, an ecological purification tank, an overflow dam and an ecological filtering dam, wherein the culture pond is sequentially communicated with the sedimentation tank, the aeration tank and the ecological purification tank, the overflow dam is arranged between the sedimentation tank and the aeration tank, the ecological filtering dam is arranged between the aeration tank and the ecological purification tank, a water body aeration device and a photocatalysis device are arranged in the aeration tank, the water body aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the aeration tank, and the photocatalysis device is sleeved on the water body aeration device.

Description

Pond culture water quality purification system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture tail water treatment, and particularly relates to a pond aquaculture water purification system.

Background

The pond circulating water ecological aquaculture system is a novel aquaculture mode aiming at the sustainable development concept of environmental friendliness, resource conservation and food safety, and is also one of the new aquaculture modes which are vigorously advocated and popularized by China. The pond water tank circulating water ecological breeding technology is a typical representative of the mode, namely rectangular water tanks with air stripping water pushing devices and sewage collecting and discharging devices are arranged in a pond respectively at the front and the rear, fish are subjected to high-density intensive breeding in the water tanks, and the pond is used as a water quality ecological purification area. One of the centers of the pond water tank circulating water ecological breeding technology is the removal and treatment of sewage.

At present, the purification treatment of pond culture water basically comprises the following modes: directly discharging the sewage to another pond or water area to slowly precipitate and decompose the sewage; secondly, the wastewater returns to a pond purification area after being precipitated in a simple sedimentation tank; thirdly, the sediment is concentrated and separated by adopting another group of industrial equipment, and dry matters are used as fertilizers. The above-mentioned processing methods have many problems: the first direct-discharge sedimentation decomposition mode needs to occupy large-area land, has long purification time, and can not return discharged water to an original pond system without a water pump, thereby causing water resource waste; the second mode is simple precipitation, sewage treatment is not thorough, eutrophic substances containing high-concentration nitrogen, phosphorus and the like dissolved in water cannot be effectively degraded, the eutrophic substances return to a purification area and still increase the burden of the system, and pollution is continuously caused; the third mode is expensive in treatment equipment and too high in running cost, is only used in foreign test sites and cannot be popularized to a large-scale pond culture system.

Therefore, how to provide a pond culture water quality purification system which has a simple structure and can realize the reuse of culture tail water becomes a problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a pond culture water quality purification system, which has a simple structure, does not need secondary power consumption in the operation process, thoroughly purifies tail water, can realize the recycling of the tail water, and does not damage the ecological balance of culture water.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: including aquaculture pond, sedimentation tank, aeration tank, ecological purification pond, overflow dam and ecological filtering dam, aquaculture pond is linked together with sedimentation tank, aeration tank and ecological purification pond in proper order, the overflow dam sets up between sedimentation tank and aeration tank, ecological filtering dam sets up between aeration tank and ecological purification pond, be provided with water aeration equipment and photocatalytic device in the aeration tank, water aeration equipment sets up in the aeration tank bottom, the photocatalytic device suit is on water aeration equipment.

Furthermore, the water body aeration device comprises an aeration disc, a counterweight frame and an air inlet pipe, wherein the counterweight frame is arranged at the bottom end of the aeration disc, and the air inlet pipe is arranged on the aeration disc.

Furthermore, a filter screen is arranged in a gas mixing chamber of the aeration disc, and a cutting blade is arranged in the gas mixing chamber.

Further, the photocatalysis device includes extension support, graphite alkene photocatalysis net, adsorbs brush and annular floating bag, extension support suit is in the intake pipe, extension support and intake pipe sliding connection, graphite alkene photocatalysis net is laid on the extension support, adsorb the brush setting at the lower surface of extension support, the annular floating bag sets up in the periphery of extension support.

Further, the lateral wall top of sedimentation tank is equipped with the inlet opening, and the top is equipped with the overflow breach, and the breed aquatics pond passes through blow off pipe and water pump and the inlet opening intercommunication on the sedimentation tank, the cross section of sedimentation tank is circular or oval, and the inlet opening setting is on the tangential direction.

Further, the overflow dam sets up in overflow breach department, the overflow dam sets up along the toper, the overflow dam all is provided with the unhurried current inclined plane along the flow direction of rivers, both sides.

Furthermore, the main structure of the ecological filter dam is a hollow brick, and filter materials with different sizes are accumulated in the dam body.

Furthermore, the top of ecological filtering dam is provided with the rectangle breach, be provided with the modified fiber ball in the rectangle breach, the surface of rectangle breach is provided with the collection and joins in marriage the rubble bed course.

Furthermore, the ecological purification pond is planted with the foxtail algae, the lotus roots and the duckweeds, and the silver carps, the silver carps and the bighead carps are cultured.

Furthermore, the ecological purification tank is also matched with grass carps for controlling the growth of the watermifoil and the duckweed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention has simple structure, the cross section of the sedimentation tank is circular or elliptical, the water inlet hole is arranged in the tangential direction, the water flow can be ensured to enter in the tangential direction, and then the water enters the sedimentation tank to drive the water in the whole sedimentation tank to rotate so as to accelerate sedimentation.

2. The overflow dam can utilize the shallow layer principle of deposiing to separate the suspended organic matter of breeding the tail water in the sedimentation tank, when breeding the tail water and passing through the inclined plane of slow flow and entering aeration tank, adopts natural photocatalytic oxidation denitrogenation to detoxify and oxygenating to restrain algae and inhibit bacteria on the inclined plane of slow flow, utilizes the natural photochemical catalytic oxidation principle of thin water layer denitrogenation to detoxify and oxygenating to restrain algae and inhibit bacteria, plays the effect of denitrogenation replenishment.

3. The arrangement of the photocatalysis device can utilize sunlight to decompose toxic organic matters in the water body, increase the dissolved oxygen of the water body while deodorizing, improve the oxygen content of the water body by matching with the water body aeration device, and can also carry out oxygen supplementation operation even in cloudy days, thereby being beneficial to the propagation of aerobic microorganisms in the water body and avoiding the pollution of water quality caused by the surplus of nutrition in the water body;

4. the setting of modified fiber ball in the ecological filtering dam can play fine adsorption to the oil and the impurity of water upper strata showy when taking place proruption heavy pollution, avoids ecological unbalance.

5. The silver carp, the spotted silver carp and the bighead carp which are filter feeding fishes have large food consumption and are easy to grow, and can realize higher economic benefit on the premise of further purifying water quality, a small amount of grass carps are matched for controlling the growth of the watermifoil and the duckweed, aquatic plants can absorb the nutrition of nitrogen and phosphorus in water body substrate through the roots of the aquatic plants, and can also utilize the nutrient substances in water through stem leaves, certain heavy metals and organic matters which have toxic action on the watermifoil are detoxified and stored in the body of the watermifoil or degraded in the body of the watermifoil, the aquatic plants are harvested and transported by a specially-assigned person regularly, so that the effect of purifying water quality is achieved, the aquatic plants are also used as livestock feed, and additional economic benefit is generated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the main structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the water body aeration device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the photocatalytic device according to the present invention.

Wherein, 1-a culture pond; 2-a sedimentation tank; 3-an aeration tank; 4-an ecological purification tank; 5-an overflow dam; 6-ecological filtering dam; 7-an aeration disc; 8, an air inlet pipe; 9-a filter screen; 10-a counterweight frame; 11-an extended stent; 12-graphene photocatalytic network; 13-annular floating bag.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "one side", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, and furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-3, the invention discloses a pond culture water purification system, which comprises a culture pond 1, a sedimentation tank 2, an aeration tank 3, an ecological purification tank 4, an overflow dam 5 and an ecological filter dam 6, wherein the culture pond 1 is sequentially communicated with the sedimentation tank 2, the aeration tank 3 and the ecological purification tank 4, the overflow dam 5 is arranged between the sedimentation tank 2 and the aeration tank 3, and the ecological filter dam 6 is arranged between the aeration tank 3 and the ecological purification tank 4.

The side wall of the sedimentation tank 2 is provided with a water inlet hole, the aquaculture pond 1 is communicated with the water inlet hole on the sedimentation tank 2 through a blow-off pipe and a water pump, the cross section of the sedimentation tank 2 is circular or oval, the water inlet hole is arranged in the tangential direction, the water flow can be ensured to enter in the tangential direction, then the water enters the sedimentation tank 2 to drive the whole sedimentation tank 2 to rotate so as to accelerate sedimentation, the sediment in the sedimentation tank 2 can be cleaned out and directly stacked for fermentation for vegetable or plant cultivation, the top of the sedimentation tank 2 is provided with an overflow notch, the overflow dam 5 is arranged at the overflow notch, the overflow dam 5 is arranged in a conical shape, the overflow dam 5 is arranged along the flow direction of the water flow, the two sides of the overflow dam 5 are provided with slow flow inclined planes, the slope angle of the slow flow inclined planes is not more than 30 degrees, the precipitation area of suspended organic matters is increased by the slow flow inclined planes at one side of the sedimentation tank 2, and the suspended organic matters in the aquaculture tail water can be effectively separated, the aquaculture tail water flows to the aeration tank 3 from the other side of the overflow dam 5, and the arrangement of the slow flow inclined plane on the other side can enable the aquaculture tail water to form a thin water layer on the slow flow inclined plane, so that the denitrification detoxification, oxygen supplementation, algae inhibition and bacteriostasis can be realized on the slow flow inclined plane by adopting the sunlight catalytic oxidation, and the denitrification, oxygen supplementation and algae inhibition effects are realized.

A water body aeration device and a photocatalysis device are arranged in the aeration tank 3, the water body aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the aeration tank 3 and comprises an aeration disc 7, a weight frame 10 and an air inlet pipe 8, a gas mixing chamber of the aeration disc 7 is provided with a filter screen 9 to prevent impurities such as algae from blocking a flow passage, a cutting blade is arranged in the gas mixing chamber and is arranged on a rotating shaft of a submersible motor in the water body aeration device, when a fiber winding object occasionally enters a cavity of the gas mixing chamber, the cutting blade rapidly cuts the fiber winding object into fragments and outwards flows out through the flow passage of the gas mixing chamber, the weight frame 10 is arranged at the bottom end of the aeration disc 7 to ensure the stable placement of the aeration disc 7, the air inlet pipe 8 is arranged on the aeration disc 7, the photocatalysis device comprises an extension bracket 11, a graphene photocatalysis net 12, an adsorption hairbrush and an annular floating bag 13, the extension bracket 11 is sleeved on the air inlet pipe 8, the extending support 11 is connected with the air inlet pipe 8 in a sliding way, so that the photocatalytic device can be positioned, the photocatalytic device can be guaranteed to float on the water surface all the time when the water level changes, the graphene photocatalytic net 12 is laid on the extending support 11, the adsorption hairbrush is arranged on the lower surface of the extending support 11, the annular floating bag 13 is arranged on the periphery of the extending support 11, the adsorption hairbrush can adsorb toxic organic matters in the water, the graphene photocatalytic net 12 can decompose the toxic organic matters conveniently, the dissolved oxygen amount of the water body is increased, the water body aeration device just supplements the oxygen in the water, the two play a complementary role, as the aeration tank 3 extremely needs the sunlight no matter whether the overflow dam 5 or the photocatalytic device, the aeration disc 7 is arranged, the problem of oxygen supplementation of the culture tail water under bad weather conditions is solved, and the propagation of aerobic microorganisms in the water body is facilitated, the aerobic microorganisms can adsorb and decompose soluble pollutants in the water body, and the water quality pollution caused by overnutrition in the water body is avoided.

Through the 6 ecological purification ponds 4 that flow to of ecological filtration dam 6 of breeding tail water of aeration tank 3, ecological filtration dam 6 encloses into major structure with hollow brick, the filter material that has piled up not unidimensional in the dam body, the filter material adopts porous light volcanic rock, the haydite, coral stone etc. for to the further filtration of breeding the tail water, the top of ecological filtration dam 6 is provided with the rectangle breach, be provided with modified fiber ball in the rectangle breach, the surface of rectangle breach is provided with the collection and joins in marriage the rubble bed course, the setting of modified fiber ball in the ecological filtration dam, can be when taking place proruption heavy pollution, play fine adsorption to water upper strata showy oil and impurity, avoid ecological unbalance.

The ecological purifying pond 4 is positioned at the tail part of the purifying system, the foxtail algae are planted in the ecological purifying pond 4, the foxtail algae can effectively reduce pollution indexes such as ammonia nitrogen and the like in water, and aquatic plants such as lotus roots and duckweed are planted in a matched manner, so that the pollution of bottom mud can be absorbed and the water environment can be beautified while the growth of polluting organisms such as blue-green algae is effectively restrained, the ecological breeding pond is also used for breeding three filter-feeding fishes, namely silver carps, spotted silver carps and bighead carps, which are high in feed and easy to grow, and a small amount of grass carps used for controlling the growth of the foxtail algae and the duckweed are matched, so that the purposes of fish breeding in clean water and water cleaning during fish breeding are realized.

After the culture tail water sequentially passes through the sedimentation tank 2, the aeration tank 3 and the ecological purification tank 4, the soluble ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, suspended matters and organic matters of the culture water body are decomposed and filtered, and meanwhile, the dissolved oxygen in the water body is supplemented, and the dissolved oxygen can be directly discharged or enter the culture pond for recycling.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pond culture water quality purification system is characterized in that: including aquaculture pond, sedimentation tank, aeration tank, ecological purification pond, overflow dam and ecological filtering dam, aquaculture pond is linked together with sedimentation tank, aeration tank and ecological purification pond in proper order, the overflow dam sets up between sedimentation tank and aeration tank, ecological filtering dam sets up between aeration tank and ecological purification pond, be provided with water aeration equipment and photocatalytic device in the aeration tank, water aeration equipment sets up in the aeration tank bottom, the photocatalytic device suit is on water aeration equipment.

2. The pond culture water quality purification system according to claim 1, wherein the water aeration device comprises an aeration disc, a weight frame and an air inlet pipe, the weight frame is arranged at the bottom end of the aeration disc, and the air inlet pipe is arranged on the aeration disc.

3. The pond culture water quality purification system according to claim 2, wherein a filter screen is arranged in a gas mixing chamber of the aeration disc, and a cutting blade is arranged in the gas mixing chamber.

4. The pond culture water quality purification system according to claim 2, wherein the photocatalytic device comprises an extension support, a graphene photocatalytic net, an adsorption brush and an annular floating bag, the extension support is sleeved on the air inlet pipe and is in sliding connection with the air inlet pipe, the graphene photocatalytic net is laid on the extension support, the adsorption brush is arranged on the lower surface of the extension support, and the annular floating bag is arranged on the periphery of the extension support.

5. The pond culture water quality purification system according to claim 1, wherein a water inlet is formed above the side wall of the sedimentation tank, an overflow notch is formed in the top of the sedimentation tank, the culture pond is communicated with the water inlet on the sedimentation tank through a sewage discharge pipe and a water pump, the cross section of the sedimentation tank is circular or oval, and the water inlet is formed in the tangential direction.

6. The pond culture water quality purification system according to claim 5, wherein the overflow dam is arranged at the overflow gap, the overflow dam is arranged in a conical shape, and the overflow dam is provided with slow flow inclined planes on two sides along the flow direction of water flow.

7. The pond culture water quality purification system according to claim 1, wherein the main structure of the ecological filter dam is a hollow brick, and filter materials with different sizes are stacked in the dam body.

8. The pond culture water quality purification system according to claim 1, wherein a rectangular notch is formed in the top of the ecological filter dam, modified fiber balls are arranged in the rectangular notch, and a gravel collecting and distributing cushion layer is arranged on the surface of the rectangular notch.

9. The pond culture water quality purification system according to claim 1, wherein the ecological purification pond is planted with the watermifoil, the lotus root and the duckweed, and is cultured with the silver carps, the spotted silver carps and the bighead carps.

10. The pond culture water quality purification system according to claim 9, wherein the ecological purification pond is also matched with grass carps for controlling the growth of the watermifoil and the duckweed.