CN114851444A - Integrated preparation and use method of intelligent mold with partially variable rigidity - Google Patents
Integrated preparation and use method of intelligent mold with partially variable rigidity Download PDFInfo
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- CN114851444A CN114851444A CN202210468054.5A CN202210468054A CN114851444A CN 114851444 A CN114851444 A CN 114851444A CN 202210468054 A CN202210468054 A CN 202210468054A CN 114851444 A CN114851444 A CN 114851444A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated preparation and use method of a partially variable-stiffness intelligent mold, wherein the mold comprises an auxiliary air bag, a rigid part, a variable-stiffness part and a heating film, wherein the auxiliary air bag comprises: the outer surface of the auxiliary air bag is alternately provided with rigid parts and variable-rigidity parts; the heating film is fixed between the variable stiffness part and the auxiliary air bag; the variable stiffness part and the rigid part are made of the same composite material, the variable stiffness part and the rigid part have different glass transition temperatures, the variable stiffness part and the rigid part are in different states by controlling the temperature of a heating film of the variable stiffness part, so that the mold has two shapes, namely a use shape and a demolding shape, and the two shapes are subjected to bidirectional transformation through heating inflation and heating inspiration of an auxiliary air bag. The partially variable-stiffness intelligent die prepared by the method realizes easy demoulding, repeated use and lower energy consumption, can provide a stronger deformation effect under the cooperation of the auxiliary air bag, and has better applicability to large dies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a shape memory mold, in particular to an integrated preparation and use method of a partially variable-rigidity intelligent mold.
Background
The existing mould is difficult to demould in the using process and is often accompanied with the damage of the mould in the demoulding process; although the shape memory die overcomes the defects of the traditional die in use, the whole die is required to perform shape memory recovery in the demolding process, and a large amount of unnecessary energy is wasted in the process. The conventional shape memory mold relies on the shape memory effect of the material to achieve the transition between the two shapes, but for large molds, the shape memory provides limited recovery effect and complete recovery of the mold cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an integrated preparation and use method of a partial variable-stiffness intelligent mold.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a partly become rigidity intelligent mould, includes supplementary gasbag, rigidity part, becomes rigidity part and heating film, wherein:
the outer surface of the auxiliary air bag is alternately provided with a rigid part and a variable rigidity part, the area of the variable rigidity part is smaller than that of the rigid part, and the upper end of the auxiliary air bag is provided with an inflation tube;
the heating film is fixed between the variable stiffness part and the auxiliary air bag;
the variable stiffness part and the rigid part are made of the same composite material, the variable stiffness part and the rigid part have different glass transition temperatures, the variable stiffness part and the rigid part are in different states by controlling the temperature of a heating film of the variable stiffness part, so that the mold has two shapes, namely a use shape and a demolding shape, and the two shapes are subjected to bidirectional transformation through heating inflation and heating inspiration of an auxiliary air bag.
The integrated preparation method of the partially variable-rigidity intelligent mold comprises the following steps of:
fixing a heating film on a variable-stiffness part on the surface of an auxiliary air bag, winding fibers on the surface of the auxiliary air bag, fixing, inflating the auxiliary air bag to completely occupy a female die space, injecting resin into an intermediate space between the auxiliary air bag and the female die by adopting a vacuum resin injection molding technology, and completely infiltrating the resin and the fibers to form a composite material;
placing the auxiliary air bag and the female die into an oven to perform first-stage curing, controlling the curing temperature to be 60-130 ℃, and curing time to be 3-8 hours, wherein the Tg of the variable-stiffness part and the Tg of the rigid part are both 50-100 ℃;
and thirdly, shading the variable stiffness part, and carrying out second-stage curing on the rigid part by using UV, wherein the wavelength and the intensity of the UV are determined by the type and the amount of a photoinitiator, the curing time is controlled to be 10-60 min, the Tg of the rigid part is increased to 100-180 ℃, and the Tg of the rigid part is higher than that of the variable stiffness part, so that the manufacturing of the partial variable stiffness intelligent mold is completed.
A use method of the intelligent mold with partially variable rigidity comprises the following steps:
fixing a heating film on a variable-stiffness part on the surface of an auxiliary air bag, winding fibers on the surface of the auxiliary air bag, fixing, inflating the auxiliary air bag to completely occupy a female die space, injecting a resin system into an intermediate space between the auxiliary air bag and the female die by adopting a vacuum resin molding technology, and completely infiltrating the resin system and the fibers to form a composite material;
placing the auxiliary air bag and the female die into an oven to perform first-stage curing, controlling the curing temperature to be 60-130 ℃, and curing time to be 3-8 hours, wherein the Tg of the variable-stiffness part and the Tg of the rigid part are both 50-100 ℃;
step three, shading the variable stiffness part, carrying out second-stage curing on the rigid part by using UV (ultraviolet), controlling the curing time to be 10-60 min, raising the Tg of the rigid part to 100-180 ℃, and making the Tg of the rigid part higher than that of the variable stiffness part to finish the manufacture of the partial variable stiffness intelligent mold;
controlling the temperature of the variable stiffness part to be kept at 60-100 ℃ by controlling the voltage of the heating film of the variable stiffness part, softening the variable stiffness part when the temperature reaches Tg of the variable stiffness part, and reducing the diameter of the die by retracting the variable stiffness part through air suction to change the use shape into a demolding shape;
and fifthly, after the mold is removed, the heating film is used again to heat to 60-100 ℃, the auxiliary air bag is inflated, and the mold is changed from the demolding shape to the using shape to be used again.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method is suitable for preparing large-scale moulds with complex shapes, and solves the problems of difficult demoulding and energy waste.
2. The intelligent mold prepared by the invention comprises the variable stiffness part and the rigid part, and the variable stiffness part can change the diameter of the mold, so that the mold is easier to demold. The transformation between the two forms can be realized through heating inflation and heating inspiration, compared with the traditional shape memory mold, the energy required by the transformation between the two forms of the partial variable-rigidity intelligent mold is lower, the demolding of the large-scale complex-shaped mold can be realized through the auxiliary deformation of the air bag, and the energy consumption and the preparation of the large-scale mold are more advantageous.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial shape memory smart mold.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but not limited thereto, and any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides an integrated preparation method of a partial variable stiffness intelligent mold, the partial variable stiffness intelligent mold prepared by the method consists of an auxiliary air bag 1, a rigid part 2, a variable stiffness part 3 and a heating film, wherein:
the outer surface of the auxiliary air bag 1 is alternately provided with rigid parts 2 and variable rigidity parts 3 (the areas of the variable rigidity parts are very small relative to the rigid parts), and the upper end of the auxiliary air bag 1 is provided with an inflation tube;
the heating film is fixed between the variable stiffness part 3 and the auxiliary airbag 1;
the auxiliary air bag and the mould are designed in an integrated mode, the mould has two shapes, and the two shapes can be converted in a two-way mode through heating inflation and heating inspiration;
the variable stiffness part 3 and the rigid part 2 are made of the same composite material, different curing degrees are controlled, so that the variable stiffness part 3 and the rigid part 2 are controlled to have different glass transition temperatures (Tg), the glass transition temperature of a polymer or the composite material thereof is the temperature at which the polymer or the composite material thereof is converted from a glass state to a rubber state, when the material is higher than the temperature, the rigidity of the material is obviously changed, the material is softened, the variable stiffness part can be in different states by controlling the temperature of a heating film of the variable stiffness part, and an auxiliary air bag is used for assisting in realizing inward retraction of the variable stiffness part, so that the effect of reducing the diameter of a mold is achieved.
The specific experimental process is as follows:
1. the resin system is composed of a resin matrix, a first-stage crosslinking agent, a first-stage catalyst and a second-stage initiator. Wherein: the resin matrix is heat-sensitive resin, including but not limited to one or more of epoxy resin, polyurethane, acrylate and the like, and the dosage is calculated according to 100 parts; the first-stage cross-linking agent is one or more of amine curing agent and thiol curing agent, and the using amount of the first-stage cross-linking agent is 30-80 mol% of the resin matrix; the first-stage catalyst is an alkaline reagent, the dosage of the first-stage catalyst is 0.1-2 mass% of the resin matrix, and the first-stage catalyst can be generally used for catalyzing the first-stage reaction; the second stage initiator is one or more of free radical initiator, cationic initiator and the like, is used for initiating free radical curing or cationic curing, and accounts for 0.5-5 mass% of the resin matrix. And (4) removing bubbles from the prepared resin system in a vacuum drying box for later use.
2. Firstly, designing a female die, fixing a heating film on a variable-stiffness part of the surface of an auxiliary air bag, winding fibers on the surface of the auxiliary air bag, fixing, inflating the auxiliary air bag to completely occupy the space of the female die, injecting a resin system into the intermediate space between the auxiliary air bag and the female die by adopting a vacuum resin molding technology, and completely soaking the fibers to form a fiber composite material, wherein the content of glue is controlled to be 30-80 mass%. And (3) placing the composite material in an oven at 80 ℃ for thermal curing for 3-8 h to finish the curing of the composite material at the first stage, wherein the Tg of the variable stiffness part and the Tg of the rigid part are both 50-100 ℃. And shading the variable stiffness part, carrying out second-stage curing by using UV (ultraviolet), uniformly irradiating for 10-60 min, further increasing the crosslinking density of the unshaded part due to the second-stage curing, further increasing the Tg to 100-180 ℃, wherein the Tg of the rigid part is higher than that of the variable stiffness part, the proportion of the rigid part and the variable stiffness part can be adjusted according to the use environment or the use requirement, and the manufacture of the partial variable stiffness intelligent mold is completed.
3. The PI film voltage control temperature is kept at 60-100 ℃ by controlling the variable stiffness part to heat, only the variable stiffness part is softened due to the fact that the temperature only reaches Tg of the variable stiffness part, the diameter of the die is reduced through air suction, and the using shape can be changed into the demolding shape. And after the mold is removed, the heated PI film is used again to heat to 60-100 ℃, the auxiliary air bag is inflated, and the mold is changed from the demolding shape to the using shape to be used again. Compared with the shape memory effect recovery by the shape memory material, the invention can provide larger and stronger deformation force by using the air bag to assist the recovery, and is more suitable for manufacturing large-scale moulds.
4. And (3) experimental effect display:
the effect of the partially variable-rigidity intelligent mold is shown in fig. 1, wherein the left side is in a use shape, and the right side is in a demolding shape.
Example 1:
in the embodiment, the resin formula comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of epoxy resin, 15 parts of amine curing agent, 2 parts of second-stage photoinitiator and 0.1 part of first-stage catalyst. Wherein the epoxy resin is E51; the amine curing agent is D230; the second stage photoinitiator is 4-octyloxy diphenyl iodide hexafluoroantimonate; the first stage catalyst is 1-methylimidazole.
Adding 4-octyloxy diphenyliodonium hexafluoroantimonate into D230, performing ultrasonic treatment for 5 min to completely dissolve the 4-octyloxy diphenyliodonium hexafluoroantimonate, adding E51, stirring uniformly, placing into a vacuum drying oven to remove bubbles, adding 1-methylimidazole, stirring uniformly, and removing bubbles again for later use.
Fixing a flexible PI heating film on a variable stiffness part of an auxiliary air bag, fixing a carbon fiber tow on the surface of the auxiliary air bag, inflating the auxiliary air bag to completely fill a female film, closely attaching the fiber tow on a female die at the moment, transferring resin between the female die and the auxiliary air bag by adopting a vacuum auxiliary composite material forming technology, and completely infiltrating the resin and the fiber tow to form a composite material, wherein the glue content is 50 mass%. Transferring into an oven at 80 ℃ for curing for 3h, and then transferring into an oven at 120 ℃ for continuously curing for 2h, thereby completely curing in the first stage. Taking out the formed product, wherein the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the product is 60 ℃, shielding the rigid part of the product by using a light-tight film, irradiating for 60 min under UV, and carrying out second-stage curing on the uncured part in the resin, wherein the Tg of the rigid part is 100 ℃ due to the increase of the crosslinking degree.
The temperature of the PI heating film is controlled to be 75 ℃, and the rigidity changing part is higher than Tg, so that the rigidity is changed from hard to soft, and the use shape is changed into the demoulding shape by adding shrinkage force generated by air suction of an auxiliary air bag.
Example 2:
the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the resin formula comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of epoxy resin, 15 parts of amine curing agent, 2 parts of second-stage photoinitiator and 0.1 part of first-stage catalyst. Wherein the epoxy resin is E51; the amine curing agent is IPDA; the second stage photoinitiator is 4-octyloxy diphenyl iodide hexafluoroantimonate; the first stage catalyst is triethylamine. The Tg of the rigid part of the formulation was 80 ℃ and that of the rigid part 105 ℃.
Example 3:
the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the resin formula comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of epoxy resin, 15 parts of thiol curing agent, 2 parts of second-stage photoinitiator and 0.1 part of first-stage catalyst. Wherein the epoxy resin is E51; the amine curing agent is pentaerythritol tetra (3-mercaptopropionate); the second stage photoinitiator is 4-octyloxy diphenyl iodide hexafluoroantimonate; the first stage catalyst is triethylamine. The Tg of the rigid part of the formulation is 50 ℃ and the Tg of the rigid part is 110 ℃.
Claims (10)
1. A partially variable stiffness smart mold, characterized in that the mold comprises an auxiliary bladder, a rigid portion, a variable stiffness portion and a heating film, wherein:
the outer surface of the auxiliary air bag is alternately provided with a rigid part and a variable rigidity part, the area of the variable rigidity part is smaller than that of the rigid part, and the upper end of the auxiliary air bag is provided with an inflation tube;
the heating film is fixed between the variable stiffness part and the auxiliary air bag;
the variable stiffness part and the rigid part are made of the same composite material, the variable stiffness part and the rigid part have different glass transition temperatures, the variable stiffness part and the rigid part are in different states by controlling the temperature of a heating film of the variable stiffness part, so that the mold has two shapes, namely a use shape and a demolding shape, and the two shapes are subjected to bidirectional transition by heating and inflating and heating and inhaling of an auxiliary air bag.
2. The integrated preparation method of the partially variable-stiffness intelligent mold according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
fixing a heating film on a variable-stiffness part on the surface of an auxiliary air bag, winding fibers on the surface of the auxiliary air bag, fixing, inflating the auxiliary air bag to completely occupy a female die space, injecting resin into an intermediate space between the auxiliary air bag and the female die by adopting a vacuum resin molding technology, and completely infiltrating the fibers to form a composite material, wherein a resin system comprises a resin matrix, a first-stage cross-linking agent, a first-stage catalyst and a second-stage initiator, wherein: the dosage of the resin matrix is calculated according to 100 parts, the dosage of the cross-linking agent in the first stage is 30-80 mol% of the resin matrix, the dosage of the catalyst in the first stage is 0.1-2 mass% of the resin matrix, and the dosage of the initiator in the second stage is 0.5-5 mass% of the resin matrix;
placing the auxiliary air bag and the female die into an oven to perform first-stage curing, wherein the Tg of the variable-stiffness part and the Tg of the rigid part are both 50-100 ℃;
and step three, shading the variable stiffness part, and performing second-stage curing on the rigid part by using UV (ultraviolet), wherein the Tg of the rigid part is increased to 100-180 ℃, and the Tg of the rigid part is higher than that of the variable stiffness part, so that the manufacturing of the partial variable stiffness intelligent mold is completed.
3. The integrated preparation method of the partially variable stiffness intelligent mold according to claim 2, wherein the resin matrix is a heat-sensitive resin, the first-stage crosslinking agent is one or more of an amine curing agent and a thiol curing agent, the first-stage catalyst is an alkaline reagent, and the second-stage initiator is one or more of a radical initiator and a cationic initiator.
4. The integrated preparation method of the partially variable stiffness intelligent mold according to claim 3, wherein the heat-sensitive resin is one or more of epoxy resin, polyurethane and acrylate.
5. The integrated preparation method of the partially variable-stiffness intelligent mold according to claim 2, wherein the temperature of the first-stage curing is 60-130 ℃ and the time is 3-8 hours.
6. The integrated preparation method of the partially variable stiffness intelligent mold according to claim 2, wherein the curing time of the second stage is 10-60 min.
7. A method for using the intelligent mold with partially variable rigidity according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
fixing a heating film on a variable-stiffness part on the surface of an auxiliary air bag, winding fibers on the surface of the auxiliary air bag, fixing, inflating the auxiliary air bag to completely occupy a female die space, injecting a resin system into an intermediate space between the auxiliary air bag and the female die by adopting a vacuum resin molding technology, and completely infiltrating the fibers to form a composite material, wherein the resin system is composed of a resin matrix, a first-stage cross-linking agent, a first-stage catalyst and a second-stage initiator, wherein: the dosage of the resin matrix is calculated according to 100 parts, the dosage of the cross-linking agent in the first stage is 30-80 mol% of the resin matrix, the dosage of the catalyst in the first stage is 0.1-2 mass% of the resin matrix, and the dosage of the initiator in the second stage is 0.5-5 mass% of the resin matrix;
placing the auxiliary air bag and the female die into an oven to perform first-stage curing, wherein the Tg of the variable-stiffness part and the Tg of the rigid part are both 50-100 ℃;
step three, shading the variable stiffness part, and performing second-stage curing on the rigid part by using UV (ultraviolet), wherein the Tg of the rigid part is increased to 100-180 ℃, and the Tg of the rigid part is higher than that of the variable stiffness part, so that the manufacturing of the partial variable stiffness intelligent mold is completed;
controlling the temperature of the variable stiffness part to be kept at 60-100 ℃ by controlling the voltage of the heating film of the variable stiffness part, softening the variable stiffness part when the temperature reaches Tg of the variable stiffness part, and reducing the diameter of the die by retracting the variable stiffness part through air suction to change the use shape into a demolding shape;
and fifthly, after the mold is removed, the heating film is used again to heat to 60-100 ℃, the auxiliary air bag is inflated, and the mold is changed from the demolding shape to the using shape to be used again.
8. The method for using the intelligent partial variable stiffness mold according to claim 7, wherein the resin matrix is a heat sensitive resin, the first-stage crosslinking agent is one or more of an amine curing agent and a thiol curing agent, the first-stage catalyst is an alkaline agent, and the second-stage initiator is one or more of a radical initiator and a cationic initiator.
9. The use method of the intelligent partial variable stiffness mold according to claim 8, wherein the heat sensitive resin is one or more of epoxy resin, polyurethane and acrylate.
10. The use method of the intelligent partial variable stiffness mold according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of the first stage curing is 60-130 ℃, the time is 3-8 h, and the time of the second stage curing is 10-60 min.
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