CN114851433B - Solid-waste separation and recovery method for suspension polymerization expandable polystyrene - Google Patents
Solid-waste separation and recovery method for suspension polymerization expandable polystyrene Download PDFInfo
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- CN114851433B CN114851433B CN202210466586.5A CN202210466586A CN114851433B CN 114851433 B CN114851433 B CN 114851433B CN 202210466586 A CN202210466586 A CN 202210466586A CN 114851433 B CN114851433 B CN 114851433B
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- eps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B17/0404—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0224—Screens, sieves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0231—Centrifugating, cyclones
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for separating and recycling solid waste of suspension polymerization expandable polystyrene, which comprises the following steps: crushing the polystyrene solid waste; carrying out sectional heating on the crushed material through air flow conveying to obtain a heated material; the heating temperature of the first temperature control section is 180 ℃, the heating time is 12-14 seconds, the heating temperature of the second temperature control section is 200 ℃, and the heating time is 13-16 seconds; heating in sections to fully foam the EPS and separate the HAP from the EPS under the condition of different specific gravities; performing cyclone separation on the heated material for two times, and screening the separated material to obtain HAP powder and EPS coarse material; dedusting the materials separated twice, and screening the materials subjected to dedusting to obtain a superfine HAP material; the invention classifies and recovers HAP and EPS in polystyrene solid waste, ensures that the recovery can continuously, stably and safely operate for a long period, creates greater economic value and does not pollute the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solid waste recovery, in particular to a method for separating and recovering solid waste of suspension polymerization expandable polystyrene.
Background
At present, the yield of EPS (polystyrene) in China is about 700 ten thousand tons per year, 5 per thousand of solid waste is generated, and the solid waste is about 3.5 ten thousand tons per year. 3.5 ten thousand tons of solid waste contains more than 20 percent of EPS fine materials, if the technology is adopted for recycling, 7000 tons/year of EPS can be recycled, and the economic value is about 4900 ten thousand yuan; the remaining 80% of the solid waste is HAP, HAP can be recovered by 2.8 million tons/year, the value of recovering HAP all the year is about 3.36 million yuan calculated according to 1.2 million yuan/ton, and EPS production enterprises can reuse after qualified treatment by HAP manufacturers, so that the waste of raw materials for producing HAP and electricity and gas is reduced.
Domestic current mode for treating solid waste
1. Natural sun exposure is adopted to volatilize the low-temperature organic auxiliary agent, the main component of the residual solid waste is a mixture of inorganic dispersing agents HAP and EPS, and the mixture is used as a fertilizer filling material. But the solid material still contains 15-20% of organic matters and EPS, which also pollutes cultivated land, and the economic utilization value is low, and the inorganic dispersant can not be recycled; the EPS granules mixed in the solid wastes can not be recycled and can damage the environment when being sprayed into farmlands.
2. The solid waste is heated to press the mixture EPS particles, HAP and partial organic matters into the building material board XPS, and the economic utilization value is not great.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for separating and recovering solid waste of suspension polymerization expandable polystyrene, so as to at least achieve the aim of classifying and recovering HAP and EPS and create larger economic value.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for separating and recovering solid waste of suspension polymerization expandable polystyrene comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing polystyrene solid waste to obtain crushed materials;
s2, conveying the crushed materials through airflow to perform sectional heating, wherein the sectional heating comprises a first temperature control section and a second temperature control section, the temperature of the first temperature control section is set to be 180 ℃, the temperature of the second temperature control section is set to be 200 ℃, the residence time of the crushed materials in the first temperature control section is 12-14 seconds, and the residence time of the crushed materials in the second temperature control section is 13-16S, so that the heated materials are obtained;
s3, performing primary cyclone separation on the heated material (60-80 microns of the upper material and 37-120 microns of the lower material), so as to obtain a primary separated material, and screening the residual material, so as to obtain HAP powder and EPS coarse material;
s4, performing secondary cyclone separation on the first separated material (60-65 microns of the upper material and 10% of the lower material, and 65-80 microns of the lower material and 90%) to obtain a second separated material, and screening the remaining materials to obtain HAP powder and EPS coarse materials;
and S5, removing dust from the secondary separated material, and screening the material after dust removal to obtain the superfine HAP material.
The invention utilizes the performance parameters of organic matters and inorganic matters at different temperatures to volatilize partial volatile components in the solid waste at 100-200 ℃ at different temperatures, simultaneously introduces steam to dilute the volatilized components and then discharge the volatilized components along with tail gas, naturally separates the heated solid waste in an HAP dispersion system, and utilizes the volume and specific gravity difference of mixed powder to separate inorganic HAP powder from organic EPS by cyclone dust collection.
In the heating processThe other key point of (2) is that the EPS granules contain 0.01-003% of pentane foaming agent, and the content of the foaming agent in the system is lower than the explosion limit of 0.79% through a large amount of steam and ventilation, while the time of gas in the system can not exceed 30 seconds, and the process is adjusted through the adjustment of introduced air quantity; matching the air introduction quantity and the steam quantity with the corresponding feeding quantity to reach the air speed of 1.2m/s, so that the material stays for 25-30 seconds in the temperature control section; 10000m 3 The intake of the air/h is 170m 3 Min and 17m 3 The steam mixing/min is sufficient to dilute the pentane concentration to the lowest explosive limit below 0.79% and at the same time, by reducing the solid waste feed, the whole process is carried out safely and stably.
Further, in the step S2, air flow conveying is carried out through the cooperation of a hot blast stove and a blower, superheated steam is introduced into the crushed materials, and the superheated steam has the function of diluting volatile substances, so that the situations of explosion and the like in the solid waste recovery process are prevented; the heating temperature of the first temperature control section is 180 ℃, so that the EPS is fully foamed, and the rear section can perform rotary separation according to the specific gravity of the material; the heating temperature of the second temperature control section is 200 ℃, so that other organic matters are fully volatilized from the materials and are diluted with a large amount of air and water vapor to reach the standard and then discharged.
Furthermore, the air inlet volume of the hot blast stove is 10000m 3 And h, carrying out air flow conveying on the crushed solid waste, and adjusting the concentration of the volatilized organic matters.
Further, the temperature of the superheated steam is 105 ℃, and the addition amount of the superheated steam is 1000m 3 And/h, matching with the intake air, and diluting the volatile organic compounds to keep the concentration of the volatile organic compounds below the lowest explosion limit.
And further, in the step S5, the dust is removed through a draught fan, and the superfine HAP material is recycled.
Furthermore, the induced draft volume of draught fan is 25000m 3 And h, ensuring that dust in solid waste is removed, and simultaneously, the ultrafine HAP material which is mixed with the dust is not discharged.
Further, the particle size of the solid waste crushed in the step S1 is 60-120 microns, so that the volatilization rate of the carried volatile organic compounds can be increased while the solid waste meets the requirement of air flow conveying.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: the invention can completely separate organic matters and EPS granules in solid waste from the inorganic dispersant HAP, and recycles and produces products such as EPS, the inorganic dispersant HAP is recycled to original manufacturers to be regenerated and can be used as a dispersant for suspension polymerization, the invention changes the original method of natural exposure to the sun into an automatic, continuous, stable and safe production and separation method, and does not produce any solid waste, waste water and waste gas; the invention can create economic benefit of nearly 4 hundred million/year and has higher economic value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following descriptions.
Example 1
A method for separating and recycling suspension polymerization expandable polystyrene solid waste comprises the following steps:
s1, adding polystyrene solid waste into a pulverizer and pulverizing until the particle size is 100 micrometers to obtain pulverized materials;
s2, introducing airflow into the pulverizer through the matching of the air blower and the hot blast stove, and conveying the pulverized material into a heating device through the airflow for sectional heating; simultaneously introducing 105 ℃ superheated steam into the pulverizer; the segmented heating comprises a first temperature control section and a second temperature control section, the temperature of the first temperature control section is set to be 180 ℃, the temperature of the second temperature control section is set to be 200 ℃, the residence time of the crushed materials in the first temperature control section is 12 seconds, the residence time of the crushed materials in the second temperature control section is 13 seconds, and the heating material is obtained; the air inlet volume of the hot blast stove is 10000m 3 H, the addition of the superheated steam is 1000m 3 /h；
S3, performing primary cyclone separation on the heated material to obtain a primary separated material, and screening the rest material to obtain HAP powder and EPS coarse material;
s4, performing secondary cyclone separation on the first separated material to obtain a second separated material, and screening the rest materials to obtain HAP powder and EPS coarse materials;
s5, adding the secondary separated material into a dust removal section, removing dust through an induced draft fan, and screening the dust-removed material to obtain a superfine HAP material; the induced draft volume of the induced draft fan is 25000m 3 /h。
Example 2
A method for separating and recovering solid waste of suspension polymerization expandable polystyrene comprises the following steps:
s1, adding polystyrene solid waste into a pulverizer and pulverizing until the particle size is 120 microns to obtain pulverized materials;
s2, introducing airflow into the pulverizer through the cooperation of the blower and the hot blast stove, and conveying the pulverized material into a heating device through the airflow for segmented heating; simultaneously introducing 105 ℃ superheated steam into the pulverizer; the segmented heating comprises a first temperature control section and a second temperature control section, the temperature of the first temperature control section is set to be 180 ℃, the temperature of the second temperature control section is set to be 200 ℃, the residence time of the crushed materials in the first temperature control section is 13 seconds, the residence time of the crushed materials in the second temperature control section is 15 seconds, and the heating material is obtained; the air inlet volume of the hot blast stove is 10000m 3 H, the addition of the superheated steam is 1000m 3 /h；
S3, performing primary cyclone separation on the heated material to obtain a primary separated material, and screening the rest material to obtain HAP powder and EPS coarse material;
s4, performing secondary cyclone separation on the first separated material to obtain a second separated material, and screening the rest materials to obtain HAP powder and EPS coarse materials;
s5, adding the secondary separated material into a dust removal section, removing dust through an induced draft fan, and screening the dust-removed material to obtain a superfine HAP material; the induced draft volume of the induced draft fan is 25000m 3 /h。
Example 3
A method for separating and recycling suspension polymerization expandable polystyrene solid waste comprises the following steps:
s1, adding polystyrene solid waste into a pulverizer to pulverize until the particle size is 60 micrometers, so as to obtain pulverized materials;
s2, introducing airflow into the pulverizer through the matching of the air blower and the hot blast stove, and conveying the pulverized material into a heating device through the airflow for sectional heating; simultaneously introducing 105 ℃ superheated steam into the pulverizer; the segmented heating comprises a first temperature control section and a second temperature control section, the temperature of the first temperature control section is set to be 180 ℃, the temperature of the second temperature control section is set to be 200 ℃, the residence time of the crushed materials in the first temperature control section is 14 seconds, the residence time of the crushed materials in the second temperature control section is 16 seconds, and the heating material is obtained; the air inlet volume of the hot blast stove is 10000m 3 H, the addition of the superheated steam is 1000m 3 /h；
S3, performing primary cyclone separation on the heated material to obtain a primary separated material, and screening the rest material to obtain HAP powder and EPS coarse material;
s4, performing secondary cyclone separation on the first separated material to obtain a second separated material, and screening the rest materials to obtain HAP powder and EPS coarse materials;
s5, adding the secondary separated material into a dust removal section, removing dust through an induced draft fan, and screening the dust-removed material to obtain a superfine HAP material; the induced draft volume of the induced draft fan is 25000m 3 /h。
In the invention, the recovery rate of the HAP superfine material is not less than 74 percent, the recovery rate of EPS is not less than 24 percent, and the concentration of pentane in the airflow is less than 0.61 percent in the recovery process.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method for separating and recovering solid waste of suspension polymerization expandable polystyrene is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, crushing polystyrene solid waste to obtain crushed materials;
s2, conveying the crushed materials through airflow to perform segmented heating, wherein the segmented heating comprises a first temperature control section and a second temperature control section, the temperature of the first temperature control section is set to be 180 ℃, the temperature of the second temperature control section is set to be 200 ℃, the residence time of the crushed materials in the first temperature control section is 12-14 seconds, and the residence time of the crushed materials in the second temperature control section is 13-16S, so that a heating material is obtained; the hot blast stove and the blower are matched for air flow conveying, and meanwhile, superheated steam is introduced into the crushed materials; the air inlet volume of the hot blast stove is 10000m 3 H; the temperature of the superheated steam is 105 ℃, and the addition amount of the superheated steam is 1000m 3 /h；
S3, performing primary cyclone separation on the heated material to obtain a primary separated material, and screening the rest material to obtain HAP powder and EPS coarse material; 37% of the first separated spiral-up substance with 60-80 microns and 63% of the first separated spiral-down substance with 80-120 microns; the EPS coarse material contains 0.01-003% of pentane foaming agent;
s4, performing secondary cyclone separation on the first separated material to obtain a second separated material, and screening the rest materials to obtain HAP powder and EPS coarse materials; the second separation has 10-10 micron of the upper spiral substance and 90-90 micron of the lower spiral substance; the EPS coarse material contains 0.01-003% of pentane foaming agent;
and S5, removing dust from the secondary separated material, and screening the material after dust removal to obtain the superfine HAP material.
2. The solid waste separation and recovery method of suspension polymerization expandable polystyrene as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and S5, removing dust through an induced draft fan.
3. The solid waste separation and recovery method of suspension polymerization expandable polystyrene as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the induced draft volume of the induced draft fan is 25000m 3 /h。
4. The solid waste separation and recovery method of suspension polymerization expandable polystyrene as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the particle size of the solid waste crushed in the step S1 is 60-120 microns.
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| CN202210466586.5A CN114851433B (en) | 2022-04-26 | 2022-04-26 | Solid-waste separation and recovery method for suspension polymerization expandable polystyrene |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1353067A (en) * | 1970-07-08 | 1974-05-15 | Occidental Petroleum Corp | Process for recovery of valuable materials from solid wastes |
| CN1103874A (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-06-21 | 化学工业部成都有机硅应用研究技术服务中心 | Recovering waste foam polystyrene by gel foam remoing method and regenerating foamable polystyrene |
| JP3626158B2 (en) * | 2002-08-06 | 2005-03-02 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Organic waste treatment equipment |
| WO2008131643A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-11-06 | Huihong Chen | Method and apparatus for combined recycling of waste polymer material or joint production with carbon black |
| KR100917856B1 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2009-09-17 | 김경수 | Reproducing method of wast e.p.s |
| CN102645085B (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2014-01-15 | 青岛科技大学 | Method for continuously drying polycarbonate |
| CN102674716B (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-09-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Cyclic calcining and decomposing process for powdered materials |
| CN105599267A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-05-25 | 周琴霞 | Method for recycling waste polystyrene sheet material |
| CN205825587U (en) * | 2016-06-05 | 2016-12-21 | 连云港树人科创食品添加剂有限公司 | A kind of Novel drying device |
| CN205818253U (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-12-21 | 青海省化工设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of classification retracting device of thermosetting EPS warming plate waste material |
| CN112718800A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-30 | 天津华庆百胜能源有限公司 | Recovery processing method of waste lithium battery |
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