CN114835257B - 一种快速吸附型铁掺杂多孔人工湿地填料及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种快速吸附型铁掺杂多孔人工湿地填料及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114835257B CN114835257B CN202210333587.2A CN202210333587A CN114835257B CN 114835257 B CN114835257 B CN 114835257B CN 202210333587 A CN202210333587 A CN 202210333587A CN 114835257 B CN114835257 B CN 114835257B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- filler
- powder
- constructed wetland
- nitrogen
- strip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000758789 Juglans Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Inorganic materials [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YYXHRUSBEPGBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidyneiron Chemical compound [N].[Fe] YYXHRUSBEPGBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001608 iron mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
- B01J20/18—Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
- B01J20/18—Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
- B01J20/186—Chemical treatments in view of modifying the properties of the sieve, e.g. increasing the stability or the activity, also decreasing the activity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
- C02F3/107—Inorganic materials, e.g. sand, silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/42—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4806—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of inorganic character
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种快速吸附型铁掺杂多孔人工湿地填料及其制备方法与应用,属于环境工程水处理技术领域。所述填料由复数个含有多组分的小颗粒粘结而成,填料上有至少1个凹槽及颗粒之间的细孔道。本发明提供可快速吸附氮的填料,且填料组分强化了微生物除氮作用,填料可有效进行氮污染物截留与生物降解。与现有填料相比,本发明的填料具有透水性能好,比表面积大,微生物易附着,形成的生物膜厚且稳定;对氨氮吸附迅速,吸附量大,改性矿物质和铁元素联合作用强化了吸附效果;铁元素耦合了氮元素的去除,同时掺杂石墨烯和腐殖质对电子传递的强化进一步提高了除氮效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于环境工程水处理技术领域,具体涉及一种快速吸附型铁掺杂多孔人工湿地填料及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
人工湿地***属于生态工程***,可以用于污水深度处理、水体净化、面源污染治理等,其中生物填料是人工湿地***的重要组成部分,承担着为生物提供载体等功能,填料的性质与处理效果密切相关。
现有的人工湿地工程中广泛使用的填料主要为天然矿物,如石灰石、硅灰石或黄铁矿,工业品如炉渣或铁渣,因内部孔隙密闭,此类填料比表面积小,不能有效增加人工湿地内部总体生物量和氮去除效果;现有技术中,人工合成湿地填料普遍通过物理混合堆填或焙烧成型的制备方式,主要存在内部孔隙不连通的问题,也不利于微生物在内部附着和增加与污染水的接触面积;现有人工湿地填料还存在氮吸附能力不高的问题,在水力负荷较大时对氨氮处理效果不理想;现有人工湿地填料电子传递性质不够优良,影响了填料上微生物的胞外电子传递,不利于水中含氮化合物的氧化还原过程;人工湿地填料使用时普遍缺乏科学的使用方法。
发明内容
为解决现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种快速吸附型铁掺杂多孔人工湿地填料及其制备方法与在除氮方面的应用方法,通过填料的内部颗粒的三维结构,增加填料的比表面积,增强对氨氮的快速吸附性能、氮的生物转化过程和微生物胞外电子传递过程,优化人工湿地填料使用方法,实现人工湿地高效去除污染水中氮化合物。
本发明采用以下方案来实现:
一种快速吸附型铁掺杂多孔人工湿地填料,所述人工湿地填料由复数个小颗粒粘结而成,互相粘接的小颗粒之间形成细孔道,所述细孔道在所述人工湿地填料内部连通;所述人工湿地填料上有至少1个凹槽。
进一步地,所述人工湿地填料的外形为带有凹槽的圆球形,所述人工湿地填料的直径为8~60mm,所述凹槽的容积占人工湿地填料体积的15-40%,所述凹槽的形状包括圆形、多边形或不规则图形。
进一步地,所述细孔道的数量为至少30条。
进一步地,所述小颗粒由多种无机矿物的混合物制成;所述无机矿物的混合物包括如下重量百分比的组分:13~16%改性活性炭粉、20~25%改性沸石粉、12~15%还原铁粉、12~15%凹凸棒粉、23~27%膨润土、1~3%石墨、0.5~1.0%造孔剂、5~7%石英粉和0.03~0.05%石墨烯。
所述还原铁粉可形成铁氧化物,促进对氨氮的吸附能力;所述还原铁粉及其氧化物可作为电子供体,促进自养反硝化脱氮作用的进行,可以解决碳源不足的问题,提高脱氮效果。
进一步地,所述改性活性炭粉为采用氧化/酸化预处理原始活性炭,接着可用浸渍法负载钠离子或铁离子。
进一步地,所述改性沸石粉包括氯化钠改性沸石粉。
进一步地,所述石墨烯为物理法或化学法制备的单层或少层或多层石墨烯。
进一步地,所述的造孔剂包括碳酸氢铵,可使所制得填料内部形成多孔结构,易于微生物附着,且增大填料比表面积,增大填料与污水接触位点,使填料与污染物充分接触反应。
采用钠基膨润土作为粘合剂能够避免有机粘合剂对水质造成二次污染的问题,粘合到铁屑等材料上,焙烧后保证铁粉除氮效率的同时确保填料各组分可以相互结合;同时可以充分与各组分接触,提高粘合效果;且采用25%~30%,可以提高填料颗粒的强度,抵抗外部荷载。
一种人工湿地填料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将改性活性炭粉、改性沸石粉、还原铁粉、凹凸棒粉、膨润土、造孔剂、石英粉和石墨烯混合均匀后形成混合物,加入所述混合物28~32%重量的水,再次搅拌均匀后挤压制成条状湿填料,干燥后得到条状干填料,置于隔绝空气的高温炉中550~600℃下烧结55~65min,接着在900~950℃下烧结55~65min,得到改性的条状干填料。
在上述过程中,烧结温度逐渐升温至550~600℃,在造孔剂作用下形成填料内部多孔结构,持续550~600℃下烧结55~65min,可以充分去除覆盖在其表面的有机物质,接着在900~950℃下烧结55~65min可形成具有相当强度的填料,以满足人工湿地建造和长期运行对荷载的强度要求。
(2)将得到的条状干填料压碎,过筛得到粒径尺寸为7~28目的不规则颗粒,即为小颗粒;
(3)将小颗粒与重量为小颗粒6~8%的核桃粉混匀,向混合物的表面喷洒适量粘结剂和适量水,同时不断搅动该混合物,达到可以塑型时停止喷洒和搅拌,通过模具压制成型,经干燥后得到人工湿地填料。
进一步地,步骤(1)中改性活性炭粉、改性沸石粉、还原铁粉、凹凸棒粉、膨润土、石英粉的大小为200~400目,优选为200目;步骤(3)中的核桃粉的大小为200~300目,优选为200目;步骤(1)所述条状湿填料和条状干填料的横截面直径均为10~50mm,优选为5mm~20mm;步骤(1)所述条状湿填料和条状干填料的长度为10-30mm;所述干燥的方法包括在空气中放置或50-75℃温度下烘干。
一种人工湿地填料在去除污水中氮化合物中的应用。
进一步地,所述应用包括氨氮的快速吸附、氮的生物转化和微生物胞外电子传递中的应用。
进一步地,所述的人工湿地填料去除污水中氮化合物的方法,为达到较好效果,其除氮方法在于:经挂膜后,位于人工湿地厌氧(溶解氧低于0.2mg/L)或缺氧(溶解氧0.2~2.0mg/L)区域的填料连续净化污染水24-48h后,填料需暴露于空气中至少0.5~1.0h后再继续使用;或经挂膜后,在溶解氧范围从厌氧/缺氧到好氧(大于2.0mg/L)的变化条件下使用。
本发明的有益效果:
采用不规则微小颗粒组成填料本体,微小颗粒之间采用粘结剂粘结,不规则颗粒之间留有孔隙,填料内部形成三维连通孔隙,整个填料含有至少30个孔隙通路,填料本体上另有凹槽,进一步加大了比表面积,可以容纳更多的微生物,增大与水体接触面积。
构成填料本体的小颗粒含有对氨氮吸附能力强的组分,包括改性沸石、改性活性炭、铁氧化物,这些组分可以快速吸附氨氮,相对于微生物反应发生的更为迅速,可以弥补微生物反应的不足,吸附后再由微生物进一步转化降解,可以减小水力停留时间,增加处理水量。
构成填料本体的小颗粒含有的铁元素,可与水体中的硝酸盐氮发生铁-氮耦合反应,在厌氧/缺氧/好氧的变化条件下,可进一步促进硝酸盐氮微生物还原过程。
构成填料本体的小颗粒含有石墨烯,其良好的导电性能提高了填料与微生物胞外电子传递,对微生物进行氮转化具有提升作用。
本发明提供可快速吸附氮的填料,且填料组分强化了微生物除氮作用,填料可有效进行氮污染物截留与生物降解。与现有填料相比,本发明的填料具有透水性能好,比表面积大,微生物易附着,形成的生物膜厚且稳定;对氨氮吸附迅速,吸附量大,改性矿物质和铁元素联合作用强化了吸附效果;铁元素耦合了氮元素的去除,同时掺杂石墨烯和腐殖质对电子传递的强化进一步提高了除氮效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明填料外观设计图。
图2为本发明所述人工湿地填料结构图,其中,(a)为平面图;(b)为剖面图。
图3为实施例1所制备的人工湿地填料的电镜图,其中,(a)为填料使用前;(b)为填料使用后。
图4为实施例1所制备的人工湿地填料的XRD图,其中,(a)为填料使用前;(b)为填料使用后。
图5为实施例1所制备的人工湿地填料的EDS图,其中,(a)为填料使用前;(b)填料使用后。
图6为实施例2所述人工湿地填料对氨氮吸附速率曲线。
具体实施方式
通过人工湿地填料内部颗粒的局部连接,构建填料内部三维通道结构,增加填料的比表面积,增强对氨氮的快速吸附性能、氮的生物转化过程和微生物胞外电子传递过程,优化人工湿地填料使用方法,实现人工湿地高效去除污染水中氮化合物;人工湿地填料由复数个小颗粒粘结而成,填料上有至少1个凹槽及颗粒之间的细孔道;所述小颗粒由多种无机矿物的混合物制成;人工湿地填料外形为带有凹槽的圆球形,直径8~60mm,且凹槽容积占填料体积的15-40%,凹槽可以为圆形、多边形或不规则图形,形成填料的小颗粒之间存在至少30条细孔道(图1、图2);根据本发明填料性质,提出一种应用本发明填料的使用方法。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步的说明,这些说明仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限制本发明的范围,实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行,所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
以下给出具体实施例。
实施例1
将市售活性炭粉(200目)用氧化/酸化预处理原始活性炭,接着用浸渍法负载钠离子进行改性,得到改性活性炭粉(200目)。所述改性活性炭粉的制备方法可以参照:朱旻俊.柚皮活性炭制备及其氨吸附性能研究(D).湘潭大学.2020。
将市售沸石粉(200目)用氯化钠溶液进行改性,得到改性沸石粉(200目)。所述改性沸石粉的制备方法可以参照:傅金祥,张延平,李森,由昆,范冬晗,李欣.改性沸石氨氮吸附剂的制备及其在生活污水处理中的应用(J).硅酸盐通报,2021,40(5):1728-1734。
将质量百分比15%改性活性炭粉(200目)、20%改性沸石粉(200目)、13.2%铁粉(200目)、12%凹凸棒粉(200目)、25%膨润土(200目)、3%石墨(200目)、0.5%造孔剂(碳酸氢铵)、6.6%石英粉(200目)和0.05%石墨烯(物理法少层)混合均匀,再加入这些混合物重量的30%的自来水,搅拌均匀制成料浆,机械挤压制成10~50mm的条状湿填料,在空气中放置自然风干后得到条状干填料,将其置于隔绝空气的马弗炉中600℃下烧结1h,接着在900℃下烧结1h,得到改性条状干填料,将得到的改性条状干填料压碎,过筛得到粒径尺寸为7~28目的不规则颗粒,再将小颗粒与重量为小颗粒物质6~8%的核桃粉(200目)混匀,然后往这两者混合物的表面喷洒适量粘结剂和适量水,同时不断搅动该混合物,达到可以塑型时停止喷洒和搅拌,通过模具压制成型,经干燥后得到人工湿地填料(所述人工湿地填料外观如图1所示)。
图2为本实施例制备的填料结构图(图2a为平面图;图2b为剖面图);由图2可知,填料三维连通孔隙使得比表面积增大,凹槽结构提供更多容纳微生物。
进一步,填料电镜图(图3)显示,使用前填料(图3a)表面粗糙,有致密且丰富的空隙,填料表面比表面积大,有利于微生物在生物膜上生长,微生物生物膜可在填料的外表面和内孔形成,这些特殊的表面形态特征也表明该填料适合作为水处理滤料;试验结束后(图3b)可以观察到填料表面具有丰富的微生物生物膜分泌粘液状的外聚合物质,同时,填料中的微米级孔隙被许多结晶沉淀物覆盖。
进一步,填料表面XRD图(图4a为填料使用前;图4b为填料使用后)显示,使用前的填料主要由三氧化二铁(Fe2O3)组成,使用后填料中的铁矿物中(图3b),除原有的Fe2O3外,还存在其他型峰,氧化亚铁(FeO)、四氧化三铁(Fe3O4)及四方纤铁矿(Fe+3O(OH)),发生了形态和价态转化。
进一步,填料表面EDS图(图5a为填料使用前;图5b为填料使用后)显示,使用过的填料较未使用的填料中铁的质量分数由8.97%减少到3.34%,而氧的质量分数由44.76%增多到53.3%,生成了更多铁氧化物;可见,填料表面的这些特性将有利于氮的生物转化过程和微生物胞外电子传递过程。
实施例2
本实施例进行氨氮吸附实验,将NH4Cl溶于蒸馏水,得到氨氮浓度为10mg/L的溶液,然后称取实施例1制成的填料5g,投加到一组装有氨氮浓度为10mg/L的已配置溶液的250ml三角瓶中,在20℃下恒温低速(60r·min-1)振荡三角瓶使其充分与溶液反应,在第10s、30s、60s、2min、4min、6min、8min、10min、13.3min、20min时分别测试溶液的氨氮浓度,计算氨氮吸附速率随时间变化;由图6可知,氨氮吸附量随时间增加而增加,0-10min为填料快速吸附氨氮过程,10g填料在10s内可吸附1.15±0.05mg/g的氨氮,10min后填料吸附量增加缓慢,基本达到吸附平衡阶段,平衡吸附量最大为3.2±0.21mg/g,填料对氨氮具有非常快速的吸附能力。
实施例3
本实施例进行氮去除实验,将实施例1制成的填料进行装柱处理,柱子的横截面直径为10cm,填料高度50cm,控制进水DO在4~4.5mg·L-1,温度在30±1℃,进水pH 6.5,流量为2.7ml/min,利用该填料柱对进水水质如表1所示的含氮废水进行处理,经填料柱处理后,对总有机碳去除率为82.4%,对氨氮去除率为83.3%,对硝态氮去除率为91.4%,对总氮去除率为83.4%(表1);可见,填料具有优良的氮去除性能,尤其反硝化效果好。
表1
以上所述实施例仅是为充分说明本发明而所举的较佳的实施例,本发明的保护范围不限于此。本技术领域的技术人员在本发明基础上所作的等同替代或变换,均在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种快速吸附型铁掺杂多孔人工湿地填料的应用,其特征在于:在去除污水中氮化合物中的应用;所述应用包括氨氮的快速吸附、氮的生物转化和微生物胞外电子传递;
所述人工湿地填料由复数个小颗粒粘结而成,互相粘接的小颗粒之间形成细孔道,所述细孔道在所述人工湿地填料内部连通;所述人工湿地填料表面上有至少1个凹槽;
所述人工湿地填料的外形为带有凹槽的圆球形,所述人工湿地填料的直径为8~60mm,所述凹槽的容积占人工湿地填料体积的15-40%,所述凹槽的形状包括圆形、多边形或不规则图形;
所述小颗粒由多种无机矿物的混合物制成;所述无机矿物的混合物包括如下重量百分比的组分:13~16%改性活性炭粉、20~25%改性沸石粉、12~15%还原铁粉、12~15%凹凸棒粉、23~27%膨润土、1~3%石墨、0.5~1.0%造孔剂、5~7%石英粉和0.03~0.05%石墨烯;
所述造孔剂包括碳酸氢铵,所述石墨烯为物理法或化学法制备的单层或少层或多层石墨烯;
所述改性活性炭粉为用氧化/酸化预处理活性炭,接着用浸渍法负载钠离子或铁离子进行改性得到;所述改性沸石粉为氯化钠改性沸石粉;
所述的人工湿地填料的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将改性活性炭粉、改性沸石粉、还原铁粉、凹凸棒粉、膨润土、石墨、造孔剂、石英粉和石墨烯混合均匀后形成混合物,加入所述混合物28~32%重量的水,再次搅拌均匀后挤压制成条状湿填料,干燥后得到条状干填料,置于隔绝空气的高温炉中550~600℃下烧结55~65min,接着在900~950℃下烧结55~65min,得到改性的条状干填料;
(2)将得到的条状干填料压碎,过筛得到粒径尺寸为7~28目的不规则颗粒,即为小颗粒;
(3)将小颗粒与重量为小颗粒6~8%的核桃粉混匀,向这两者的混合物的表面喷洒粘结剂和水,同时不断搅拌所得混合物,达到可以塑型时停止喷洒和搅拌,通过模具压制成型,经干燥后得到人工湿地填料。
2.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于:所述细孔道的数量为至少30条。
3.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于:步骤(1)中改性活性炭粉、改性沸石粉、还原铁粉、凹凸棒粉、膨润土、石英粉的大小为200~400目;步骤(3)中的核桃粉的大小为200~300目;步骤(1)所述条状湿填料和条状干填料的横截面直径均为10~50mm;所述干燥的方法包括在空气中放置或50-75℃下烘干。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210333587.2A CN114835257B (zh) | 2022-03-30 | 2022-03-30 | 一种快速吸附型铁掺杂多孔人工湿地填料及其制备方法与应用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210333587.2A CN114835257B (zh) | 2022-03-30 | 2022-03-30 | 一种快速吸附型铁掺杂多孔人工湿地填料及其制备方法与应用 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN114835257A CN114835257A (zh) | 2022-08-02 |
CN114835257B true CN114835257B (zh) | 2024-01-19 |
Family
ID=82563527
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210333587.2A Active CN114835257B (zh) | 2022-03-30 | 2022-03-30 | 一种快速吸附型铁掺杂多孔人工湿地填料及其制备方法与应用 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN114835257B (zh) |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4777154A (en) * | 1978-08-28 | 1988-10-11 | Torobin Leonard B | Hollow microspheres made from dispersed particle compositions and their production |
CN103359829A (zh) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-10-23 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | 一种生物碳质复合多孔填料及其制备方法 |
CN105936526A (zh) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-09-14 | 江苏保瑞工业水处理有限公司 | 一种微电解填料及其制备方法 |
CN105984954A (zh) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-10-05 | 安徽建筑大学 | 一种含有微生物载体的人工湿地净化废水的方法 |
CN108046409A (zh) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-18 | 同济大学 | 一种双固定化快速启动功能碳源填料及其制备方法 |
CN108558368A (zh) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-21 | 徐州世润德环保科技有限公司 | 多孔生物滤料及其制备方法 |
KR20200022126A (ko) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-03-03 | 주식회사 도원엔바이로 | 질소와 인의 흡착형 세라믹 미생물 담체 및 이의 제조방법 |
CN110898813A (zh) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-24 | 西安中科贝昂环保科技有限公司 | 一种含有沸石粉的废水过滤材料的制备方法 |
JP2020087804A (ja) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-04 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 微生物燃料電池及び液体処理ユニット |
CN113354098A (zh) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-09-07 | 湖南易净环保科技有限公司 | 人工湿地填料及其制备方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-03-30 CN CN202210333587.2A patent/CN114835257B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4777154A (en) * | 1978-08-28 | 1988-10-11 | Torobin Leonard B | Hollow microspheres made from dispersed particle compositions and their production |
CN103359829A (zh) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-10-23 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | 一种生物碳质复合多孔填料及其制备方法 |
CN105984954A (zh) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-10-05 | 安徽建筑大学 | 一种含有微生物载体的人工湿地净化废水的方法 |
CN105936526A (zh) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-09-14 | 江苏保瑞工业水处理有限公司 | 一种微电解填料及其制备方法 |
CN108046409A (zh) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-18 | 同济大学 | 一种双固定化快速启动功能碳源填料及其制备方法 |
CN108558368A (zh) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-21 | 徐州世润德环保科技有限公司 | 多孔生物滤料及其制备方法 |
KR20200022126A (ko) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-03-03 | 주식회사 도원엔바이로 | 질소와 인의 흡착형 세라믹 미생물 담체 및 이의 제조방법 |
JP2020087804A (ja) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-04 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 微生物燃料電池及び液体処理ユニット |
CN110898813A (zh) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-24 | 西安中科贝昂环保科技有限公司 | 一种含有沸石粉的废水过滤材料的制备方法 |
CN113354098A (zh) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-09-07 | 湖南易净环保科技有限公司 | 人工湿地填料及其制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
人工湿地去除氨氮机理及影响因素研究;尹连庆等;环境工程;第26卷;第151-155页 * |
改性沸石氨氮吸附剂的制备及其在生活污水处理中的应用;傅金祥等;《硅酸盐通报》;第40卷(第5期);第1728-1734页 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN114835257A (zh) | 2022-08-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN102531157B (zh) | 一种曝气生物滤池填料及其制备方法 | |
CN102674530A (zh) | 用于去除水中氨氮的悬浮型电生物填料及制备方法和应用 | |
CN112174628A (zh) | 一种兼具类芬顿反应性质的免烧陶粒的制备方法 | |
CN111099914A (zh) | 用于曝气生物滤池的污泥基陶粒滤料及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN107902964A (zh) | 一种增强透水混凝土净化性能的改良方法 | |
CN103011328A (zh) | 一种新型高效吸附水中磷的石墨烯负载纳米铁材料 | |
Bao et al. | Synthesis, application and evaluation of non-sintered zeolite porous filter (ZPF) as novel filter media in biological aerated filters (BAFs) | |
CN113979508B (zh) | 一种可渗透反应墙的填充材料、制备方法和应用 | |
KR100845521B1 (ko) | 인공습지용 담체 및 그 제조방법 | |
CN107970881B (zh) | 一种有机废水处理功能化填料及其制备方法 | |
CN114890533A (zh) | 污泥基生物炭载体材料及其制备方法和水质净化*** | |
CN114835257B (zh) | 一种快速吸附型铁掺杂多孔人工湿地填料及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN112604655B (zh) | 煤基气化渣应用、复合多孔吸附基材及其制备方法 | |
KR101492833B1 (ko) | 하수 슬러지를 이용한 오폐수 정화용 담체 및 이의 제조방법 | |
KR102432539B1 (ko) | 제올라이트를 이용한 수처리여재 및 그의 제조방법 | |
KR100310877B1 (ko) | 세라믹담체및이의제조방법 | |
CN101559382B (zh) | 用于中水处理的多效生物固体催化剂及其制作方法 | |
KR20030073555A (ko) | 미생물 고정화용 다공성 세라믹 담체 | |
CN110734133B (zh) | 一种纳米零价铁镍复合多孔材料、其制备方法及其应用 | |
CN110575812B (zh) | 一种陶土/软锰矿高效除磷的环保吸附材料及制备方法 | |
CN107540081B (zh) | 一种污水生化处理用复合生物填料的制备方法 | |
CN113145118A (zh) | 一种同步脱氮除磷去氟催化颗粒载体及其制备方法 | |
Wang et al. | Denitrification performance and kinetics of an attapulgite lightweight ceramsite biofilter | |
CN110734127A (zh) | 一种碳复合纳米零价金属多孔功能材料、其制备方法及应用 | |
CN116891297B (zh) | 基于铁硫形态转变的可重复利用的循环处理方法及处理填料 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |