CN114832775A - Carbon-based selenium material for removing barium from brine and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Carbon-based selenium material for removing barium from brine and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114832775A
CN114832775A CN202210503240.8A CN202210503240A CN114832775A CN 114832775 A CN114832775 A CN 114832775A CN 202210503240 A CN202210503240 A CN 202210503240A CN 114832775 A CN114832775 A CN 114832775A
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carbon
selenium
barium
brine
preparation
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CN114832775B (en
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张旭
周瑞
崔旭东
刘建
俞磊
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Yangzhou University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/0203Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
    • B01J20/0262Compounds of O, S, Se, Te
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/42Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon-based selenium material for removing barium from brine and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of materials and environment, and the carbon-based selenium material is prepared by mixing selenoglucose, ammonium carbonate and calcium carbonate according to the mass ratio of 1: (1-5): (80-120) and calcining for 1-3 hours at 400-600 ℃ after uniformly mixing; cooling to obtain light gray powder material as the target product. The functional material provided by the invention can be used for independently removing barium ions in bittern, has high selenium utilization efficiency, and can be used for preparing the bittern into medical-grade consumables.

Description

Carbon-based selenium material for removing barium from brine and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of materials and environment, and particularly relates to a material for removing barium element in bittern and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Selenium is an essential trace element that can be metabolized by the body. Therefore, the selenium material is environmentally friendly. Selenium science has developed rapidly over the last decade.
The bittern contains sodium chloride and sodium sulfate as main components and may be used in extracting industrial salt and anhydrous sodium sulfate. The extracted waste water contains elements such as calcium, magnesium and the like, and if the extracted waste water is directly discharged, the environment pollution is caused. Generally, the elements can be extracted to be used as products such as a denitration agent, gypsum and the like, and the added value of the products is too low. If the method can be applied to the preparation of medical consumables, the added value of the consumables can be obviously improved, and the cost of wastewater treatment is made up. However, since the bittern contains a certain amount of barium element and has high toxicity, the quality of the medical consumables prepared directly from the barium element is greatly affected, and the barium element needs to be removed. The method develops the salt brine barium removal material which is safe to the environment and is biocompatible, and has good application value.
In general, in the prior art, barium in bittern is removed by a chemical precipitation method, and sodium sulfate can be added to react with barium ions to generate insoluble barium sulfate so as to remove the barium ions, but calcium and magnesium ions are removed at the same time of barium removal.
Chinese patent database discloses a preparation method of carbon-based selenium material and application thereof in dimethyl carbonate dehalogenation, and the publication number is CN 113908861A; day of publication (announcement): 20220111, respectively; mixing and grinding methyl selenide glucose and potassium bromide, calcining for 2-4 hours in a tubular furnace at 450-550 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, cooling to obtain a solid, grinding the solid, washing with deionized water in ultrasonic waves, and drying to obtain the carbon-based selenium material. The selenium source and the carbon source prepared by using the methyl-selenylation glucose as the material are blocked by the seleno-glucose, so that the stability of the raw material can be improved, and the industrial application is facilitated. Methyl capping is a method for ensuring the catalytic activity of selenium species to the maximum extent, and can avoid the inactivation of selenium atoms due to too deep burying. The process does not teach how to remove barium from bittern.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a carbon-based selenium material for removing barium from brine and a preparation method thereof.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a carbon-based selenium material for removing barium from brine is prepared from selenoglucose, ammonium carbonate and calcium carbonate according to a mass ratio of 1: (1-5): (80-120) and calcining for 1-3 hours at 400-600 ℃ after uniformly mixing; and cooling to obtain a light gray powdery material which is the target product.
Preferably, the mixing weight ratio of the seleno-glucose to the ammonium carbonate is 1: 3: 100. a large number of comparative experimental results prove that: the material prepared according to the proportion has the best performance. Can fully utilize the selenium with higher price.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) selenium glucose, ammonium carbonate and calcium carbonate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: (1-5): (80-120) mixing uniformly;
(2) calcining the uniformly mixed materials at 400-600 ℃ for 1-3 hours;
(3) and cooling to room temperature to obtain a light gray powdery material, namely the target product, namely the carbon-based selenium material for the barium removal of the brine.
Preferably, the calcination temperature is 500 ℃ and the calcination time is 2 hours. The temperature and the calcination time can just decompose the selenoglucose to make the selenoglucose become free selenium with higher activity, but the volatilization loss of the selenium caused by overhigh temperature and overlong calcination time is avoided, so that the prepared material has the best effect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the obtained carbon-based selenium material has certain adsorption capacity on barium ions in the bittern, and the content of barium in the material can be obviously reduced. The invention uses seleno-glucose as selenium source. After calcination, selenium in the material has certain coordination capacity to barium and can be matched with heavy metal elements, so that barium in bittern can be removed. Calcium and magnesium in the bittern belong to light elements and have weak coordination capacity with selenium. Therefore, the carbon-based selenium material can selectively adsorb barium ions without influencing calcium ions and magnesium ions in the barium-based selenium material, and realizes selective barium removal of calcium and magnesium resources.
The selenoglucose as a carbon-based selenium material has biocompatibility, and can be even directly used as a feed additive to improve the health condition of animals, so the selenoglucose is safe to the environment. Ammonium carbonate can decompose when calcining to make the material more loose, have great porosity, be favorable to adsorbing the heavy metal, adopt the ammonium carbonate of specific ratio quantity, can make the pore-forming efficient, guaranteed simultaneously that the calcium carbonate as framework material has better supporting role, can evenly load the selenium that produces after the decomposition of seleno glucose, framework material has good chemical stability and physical structure stability, can get rid of the barium ion in the bittern better. The functional material provided by the invention can be used for independently removing barium ions in bittern, has high selenium utilization efficiency, and can be used for preparing the bittern into medical-grade consumables.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
firstly, material preparation:
selenoglucose is a known substance and can be prepared according to literature reported methods (Ind. Eng. chem. Res. 2020, 59, 10763-10767). Seleno-glucose, which we prepared according to the procedure described in this document, contains selenium in an amount of 0.63% which is similar to the 0.59% reported in the literature.
Subsequently, 10 g of the selenoglucose prepared above, 30 g of ammonium carbonate (analytical grade) and 1000 g of calcium carbonate (analytical grade) were weighed, mixed uniformly and then calcined in a muffle furnace at 500 ℃ for 2 hours. And cooling to obtain light gray powder, namely the carbon-based selenium material. 1012 grams were weighed and the selenium content was 58.10 ppm by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The selenium balance for this process was calculated to be 93.3%.
100 g of the carbon-based selenium material is filled into a plastic hose with the diameter of 10.0 mm, 5 liters of brine collected from the northwest of the province (wherein the barium content is 8.10 ppm) is pumped by a pump, and the total time of the brine passing through the carbon-based selenium material is 5 hours. The barium content in the filtered water after the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is 0.43 ppm, and the barium absorption rate is 94.7%.
Example 2:
the other conditions were the same as in example 1, but different weight ratios of selenoglucose to ammonium carbonate were used in the preparation of the material and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 comparison of properties of materials synthesized using different weight ratios of selenoglucose to ammonium carbonate
Figure 379330DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
From the above results, it was found that the material had substantially no adsorption ability to barium without adding selenoglucose (nos. 1 and 2). The adsorption activity of the material to barium was also low with only selenoglucose added and no ammonium carbonate added (No. 3). Only by adding a proper amount of selenoglucose and ammonium carbonate, the material can have good barium adsorption capacity, wherein the weight ratio of selenoglucose to ammonium carbonate is 1:3 (example 1). The excess amount of ammonium carbonate will decrease the selenium balance and the adsorption capacity.
Example 3:
the other conditions were the same as in example 1, but different weight ratios of selenoglucose to calcium carbonate were used in the preparation of the material and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of the Properties of materials synthesized using different weight ratios of selenoglucose and calcium carbonate
Figure 421104DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
From the above results, it was found that the material had substantially no adsorbability of barium without adding calcium carbonate (No. 1). This is because selenium does not have a carrier, and the produced selenium-carbon aggregates into a very small mass, and thus it is difficult to sufficiently exert its effect. The material can have good barium adsorption capacity only by adding a proper amount of selenoglucose and calcium carbonate, wherein the weight ratio of the selenoglucose to the calcium carbonate is 1:100 (example 1). If the calcium carbonate is insufficient, the total volume of the material is reduced, so that the adsorption effect is poor. If the calcium carbonate is excessive, the selenium concentration is reduced, and the adsorption effect is also poor.
Example 4:
the other conditions were the same as in example 1, but the material was calcined at different temperatures and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 comparison of Properties of materials prepared at different calcination temperatures
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
From the above results, it is found that the effect is best at a calcination temperature of 500 ℃ (example 1). Below this temperature, the material is not sufficiently activated, resulting in a decrease in the adsorption force. Too high a temperature leads to severe selenium loss and also to a decrease in the adsorption capacity.
Example 5:
the material was prepared under otherwise the same conditions as in example 1, but at different calcination times, and the results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Effect of calcination time on the Properties of the materials prepared
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
From the above results, it was found that the effect was the best when the calcination was carried out for 2 hours (example 1). The calcination time is short and the material is not sufficiently activated, resulting in a decrease in the adsorption force. If the calcination time is too long, the loss of selenium is serious, and the adsorption capacity is also reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical scope of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A carbon-based selenium material for removing barium from brine is characterized in that: selenium glucose, ammonium carbonate and calcium carbonate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: (1-5): (80-120) and calcining for 1-3 hours at 400-600 ℃ after uniformly mixing; cooling to obtain light gray powder material as the target product.
2. The carbon-based selenium material for the barium removal of brine according to claim 1, wherein: the mixing weight ratio of the seleno-glucose to the ammonium carbonate is 1: 3: 100.
3. a preparation method of a carbon-based selenium material for removing barium from brine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selenium glucose, ammonium carbonate and calcium carbonate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: (1-5): (80-120) mixing uniformly;
(2) calcining the uniformly mixed materials at 400-600 ℃ for 1-3 hours;
(3) and cooling to room temperature to obtain a light gray powdery material, namely the target product, namely the carbon-based selenium material for the barium removal of the brine.
4. The preparation method of the carbon-based selenium material for the barium removal of the brine according to claim 3, wherein the carbon-based selenium material comprises the following steps: the calcination temperature is 500 ℃ and the calcination time is 2 hours.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003236371A (en) * 2002-02-15 2003-08-26 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology Highly selective barium adsorbent and method for the same manufacturing
CN108054376A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-05-18 深圳先进技术研究院 Seleno composite material is used as application of the positive electrode active materials in barium ions battery, barium ions battery and preparation method thereof
KR20180077534A (en) * 2016-12-29 2018-07-09 이상수 Composition of water treatment and Process for the production of using the composition and its ceramic water treatment product

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003236371A (en) * 2002-02-15 2003-08-26 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology Highly selective barium adsorbent and method for the same manufacturing
KR20180077534A (en) * 2016-12-29 2018-07-09 이상수 Composition of water treatment and Process for the production of using the composition and its ceramic water treatment product
CN108054376A (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-05-18 深圳先进技术研究院 Seleno composite material is used as application of the positive electrode active materials in barium ions battery, barium ions battery and preparation method thereof

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