CN114808025A - Three-dimensional nano rod-shaped composite oxygen evolution electrode material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Three-dimensional nano rod-shaped composite oxygen evolution electrode material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114808025A CN114808025A CN202210125420.7A CN202210125420A CN114808025A CN 114808025 A CN114808025 A CN 114808025A CN 202210125420 A CN202210125420 A CN 202210125420A CN 114808025 A CN114808025 A CN 114808025A
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
- C25B11/095—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one of the compounds being organic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional nano-rod-shaped composite oxygen evolution electrode material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving aniline in deionized water to form aniline solution, adding ammonium persulfate, stirring vigorously to obtain PANI material, dissolving PANI material in deionized water again, and adding manganese chloride and ethanolamine to obtain Mn 3 O 4 a/PANI material; adding Mn 3 O 4 the/PANI material, the conductive carbon black and the PVDF are dispersed in the N-methyl pyrrolidone to form uniform slurry, and then the prepared slurry is uniformly coated on a substrate of the foamed nickel. The invention synthesizes monodisperse Mn on the PANI substrate by polymerization and in-situ oxidation 3 O 4 The nano particles are combined with the PANI, so that the strong coupling effect and the synergistic effect between the nano particles and the PANI are exerted to the maximum extent, and a definite three-dimensional nano rod-shaped structure with a large number of exposed active sites is constructed, so that the electrolyte is permeated and the electrolyteAdhesion becomes easier.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to an electrode oxygen evolution material, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional nano rod-shaped Mn 3 O 4 A PANI oxygen evolution electrode and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous deepening of industrialization, the excessive use of fossil fuel causes serious environmental pollution. Therefore, in order to meet the energy requirements of modern society, the search for new green, environment-friendly, renewable and efficient energy sources becomes a social hotspot, so people are constantly working on developing and improving various sustainable energy technologies, such as electrochemical water decomposition, fuel cells, metal-air batteries and the like.
At present, the electrochemical decomposition of water to prepare hydrogen has become the most promising technology for solving serious fuel crisis and environmental pollution, and has attracted great attention. The Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) occurring at the anode during the electrochemical decomposition of water is kinetically slow or even unfavorable, and thus there is a strong need for an efficient catalyst to reduce the reaction barrier to accelerate the OER reaction. It is well known that the most effective electrocatalyst for OER is RuO 2 And IrO 2 And the like. The cost, scarcity and toxicity of precious metals make them less competitive for large-scale applications. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop efficient and active OER electrocatalysts, particularly transition metals and their derivatives, to reduce the cost of the catalyst.
Among the numerous electrode materials, manganese oxides are attractive because of their low cost, low toxicity, abundant resources, and particularly the abundant valence state in the redox state. It is reported. Mn 3 O 4 OER can be effectively catalyzed in alkaline media due to the valence change and coordination structure. However, pure Mn 3 O 4 Has poor conductivity, small specific surface area and significant agglomeration, which exposes fewer active sites, resulting in poor catalytic performance.
Polyaniline (PANI) can generate strong coupling effect due to abundant amino, lone electron pair and unique pi conjugated structure, and is an ideal electrocatalyst composite material. Specially for treating diabetesIn addition, the amino group of PANI can serve as an anchoring site to provide sufficient coordination sites for metal ions to prevent aggregation of metal nanoparticles. More importantly, studies have shown that Mn is paired with an amine-containing polymer 3 O 4 Modification can improve performance. Specifically, amine-treated Mn 3 O 4 The resulting surface deprotonation will produce more negative charge on the surface and after surface reconstruction, which may result in Mn 3+ The catalyst is stable in the catalytic process and contributes to improving the activity. The activity enhancement is partly attributed to Mn 3+ Charge disproportionated Jahn-Teller distortion.
Thus Mn will be used herein 3 O 4 The oxygen evolution electrode with a unique three-dimensional nano rod-shaped structure is prepared by combining the PANI with the oxygen evolution electrode, and a better effect is obtained. The oxygen evolution electrode material is prepared by adopting a polymerization and in-situ oxidation mode, and has better performance compared with other electrode materials, so that the development of the oxygen evolution electrode material with low cost and high performance has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: pure Mn 3 O 4 The problem of poor conductivity of the electrode material, and simultaneously provides an oxygen evolution electrode with high-efficiency catalytic oxygen evolution performance and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a three-dimensional nano rod-shaped composite oxygen evolution electrode material, which comprises the following steps:
step 1): dissolving aniline in deionized water to form an aniline solution, adding ammonium persulfate, stirring vigorously, centrifuging, and rinsing with deionized water and ethanol respectively to obtain a PANI material;
step 2): redissolving the PANI material obtained in the step 1) in deionized water, adding manganese chloride and ethanolamine, and obtaining a dark green solution by adopting a stirring auxiliary ultrasonic method; centrifuging the obtained solution, respectively rinsing with deionized water and ethanol, and finally vacuum drying to obtain Mn 3 O 4 a/PANI material;
step 3): adding Mn 3 O 4 /PANI material, leadDispersing the electric carbon black and PVDF in N-methyl pyrrolidone to form uniform slurry, then uniformly coating the prepared slurry on a foamed nickel substrate, and drying in vacuum to obtain Mn 3 O 4 a/PANI/NF oxygen evolution electrode.
Preferably, the process parameters of the vigorous stirring in the step 1) are as follows: the stirring speed is 1500-1800 r/min, and the time is 10-12 h.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the product to the manganese chloride in the step 2) is 10: 1-1: 10.
preferably, the process parameters of vacuum drying in step 2) are as follows: the temperature is 70-80 ℃, and the time is 6-8 h.
Preferably, Mn in said step 3) 3 O 4 The mass ratio of the/PANI material to the conductive carbon black to the PVDF is 7: 2: 1.
preferably, the nickel foam in the step 3) is pretreated before being used as a substrate: soaking foamed nickel into deionized water, and performing ultrasonic treatment; and then putting the foamed nickel into HCl solution for acidification treatment to remove surface oxides, then washing the foamed nickel to be neutral by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the foamed nickel for later use.
More preferably, the HCl concentration is 3M and the acidification time is 60 s.
Preferably, the powder loaded on the nickel foam in the step 3) is 1.2-1.5 mg/cm 2 。
Preferably, the process parameters of vacuum drying in step 3) are as follows: the temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the time is 6-8 h.
The invention also provides the three-dimensional nano rod-shaped composite oxygen evolution electrode material prepared by the preparation method of the three-dimensional nano rod-shaped composite oxygen evolution electrode material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention prepares Mn by combining polymerization and in-situ oxidation 3 O 4 /PANI nano composite material. The prepared three-dimensional nanorod oxygen evolution electrode material can expose a large number of electrochemical active sites, so that the permeation and adhesion of electrolyte become easier, and faster electrode dynamics and excellence are causedDifferent OER performance.
In the invention, PANI is adopted as a polymer support material, and the agglomerated Mn can be separated by abundant amino groups of PANI 3 O 4 High dispersion, thereby effectively regulating and inducing Mn 3+ Is performed. Due to the unique property, the hydrogen adsorption free energy can be greatly reduced, so that the catalytic activity and stability of the catalyst are improved.
Compared with other catalysts, the catalyst is simple to prepare, does not need high temperature, hydrothermal and other complex steps, has simple requirements on equipment and strong process controllability, shows great potential, and can be applied to energy storage equipment.
The method is simple and feasible, and the prepared three-dimensional nano rod-shaped Mn 3 O 4 The particle size of the PANI oxygen evolution electrode material is 1-2 mu m, and the specific surface area is as high as 50-70 m 2 (ii) in terms of/g. At a current density of 10mA cm -2 When the reaction is carried out, the overpotential of the oxygen evolution reaction is 260-300 mV, and the Tafel slope is 59-70 mV dec -1 。
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows Mn in example 1 3 O 4 、PANI、Mn 3 O 4 XRD pattern of/PANI;
FIG. 2 shows Mn in example 1 3 O 4 、PANI、Mn 3 O 4 Infrared image of/PANI;
FIG. 3 shows Mn in example 1 3 O 4 (iii) scanning electron microscope images of PANI;
FIG. 4 shows Mn in example 1 3 O 4 Transmission electron microscope images of/PANI.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The electrochemical test of the electrode in the invention specifically comprises the following steps: the test was carried out by cyclic voltammetry in 1M aqueous KOH and the working electrode was Mn 3 O 4 the/PANI/NF is platinum wire as the counter electrode, and Ag/AgCl as the reference electrode.
Example 1
A preparation method of a three-dimensional nano rod-shaped composite oxygen evolution electrode material comprises the following steps:
(1) before preparing the electrode, soaking the foamed nickel into a container containing deionized water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10 min. And putting the foamed nickel into an HCl (3M) solution for acidification treatment for 60s, removing oxides on the surface, washing the foamed nickel to be neutral by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the foamed nickel for later use.
(2) 0.23g of aniline was dissolved in 25mL of deionized water to form an aniline solution, and then 2.45g of ammonium persulfate was added, vigorously stirred, and then subjected to a centrifugation operation, deionized water rinsing 2 times, and ethanol rinsing 1 time.
(3) The PANI was redissolved in 50mL of deionized water, while 0.49g of manganese chloride and 30mL of ethanolamine were added, and a dark green solution was obtained by stirring-assisted ultrasound. Centrifuging the obtained solution, rinsing with deionized water for 2 times, rinsing with ethanol for 1 time, and vacuum drying to obtain Mn 3 O 4 a/PANI material.
(4) Mixing oxygen evolution material, conductive carbon black and PVDF according to the weight ratio of 7: 2: 1 in the proportion of 1, forming uniform slurry, then uniformly coating the prepared slurry on a foamed nickel substrate (the specification is 1cm multiplied by 1cm), and drying in vacuum to obtain Mn 3 O 4 a/PANI/NF oxygen evolution electrode.
(5) Prepared Mn is subjected to electrochemical working station in a three-electrode system 3 O 4 Electrochemical tests were performed with a/PANI/NF oxygen evolution electrode.
Prepared three-dimensional nano rod-shaped Mn 3 O 4 The PANI oxygen evolution electrode material has a particle diameter of 1.2 μm and a specific surface area of 69.1m, and is shown in scanning electron microscope images and transmission electron microscope images of 3 and 4 2 (ii) in terms of/g. At a current density of 10mA/cm, the overpotential for the oxygen evolution reaction was 262mV and the Tafel slope was 59.1 mV/dec.
Example 2
A preparation method of a three-dimensional nano rod-shaped composite oxygen evolution electrode material comprises the following steps:
(1) before preparing the electrode, soaking the foamed nickel into a container containing deionized water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10 min. And putting the foamed nickel into an HCl (3M) solution for acidification treatment for 60s, removing oxides on the surface, washing the foamed nickel to be neutral by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the foamed nickel for later use.
(2) 0.46g of aniline was dissolved in 25mL of deionized water to form an aniline solution, and then 2.45g of ammonium persulfate was added, vigorously stirred, and then subjected to a centrifugation operation, deionized water rinsing 2 times, and ethanol rinsing 1 time.
(3) The PANI was redissolved in 50mL of deionized water, while 1.49g of manganese chloride and 30mL of ethanolamine were added, and a dark green solution was obtained by stirring-assisted ultrasound. Centrifuging the obtained solution, rinsing with deionized water for 2 times, rinsing with ethanol for 1 time, and vacuum drying to obtain Mn 3 O 4 a/PANI material.
(4) Mixing oxygen evolution material, conductive carbon black and PVDF according to the weight ratio of 7: 2: 1 in the proportion of 1, forming uniform slurry, then uniformly coating the prepared slurry on a foamed nickel substrate (the specification is 1cm multiplied by 1cm), and drying in vacuum to obtain Mn 3 O 4 a/PANI/NF oxygen evolution electrode.
(5) Prepared Mn is subjected to electrochemical working station in a three-electrode system 3 O 4 Electrochemical tests were performed with a/PANI/NF oxygen evolution electrode.
Prepared three-dimensional nano rod-shaped Mn 3 O 4 The particle diameter of the PANI oxygen evolution electrode material is 1.5 mu m, and the specific surface area is 57m 2 (ii) in terms of/g. At a current density of 10mA/cm 2 The overpotential for the oxygen evolution reaction was 285mV, and the Tafel slope was 68 mV/dec.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a three-dimensional nano rod-shaped composite oxygen evolution electrode material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1): dissolving aniline in deionized water to form an aniline solution, adding ammonium persulfate, stirring vigorously, centrifuging, and rinsing with deionized water and ethanol respectively to obtain a PANI material;
step 2): redissolving the PANI material obtained in the step 1) in deionized water, adding manganese chloride and ethanolamine, and obtaining a dark green solution by adopting a stirring auxiliary ultrasonic method; dissolving the obtained solutionCentrifuging, rinsing with deionized water and ethanol respectively, and vacuum drying to obtain Mn 3 O 4 a/PANI material;
step 3): adding Mn 3 O 4 Dispersing the PANI material, the conductive carbon black and the PVDF in the N-methyl pyrrolidone to form uniform slurry, then uniformly coating the prepared slurry on a foamed nickel substrate, and drying in vacuum to obtain Mn 3 O 4 a/PANI/NF oxygen evolution electrode.
2. The method for preparing the three-dimensional nanorod composite oxygen evolution electrode material of claim 1, wherein the process parameters of the vigorous stirring in the step 1) are as follows: the stirring speed is 1500-1800 r/min, and the time is 10-12 h.
3. The method for preparing the three-dimensional nanorod-shaped composite oxygen evolution electrode material of claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the product to the manganese chloride in the step 2) is 10: 1-1: 10.
4. the method for preparing the three-dimensional nanorod composite oxygen evolution electrode material of claim 1, wherein the vacuum drying in the step 2) has the following process parameters: the temperature is 70-80 ℃, and the time is 6-8 h.
5. The method for preparing the three-dimensional nanorod composite oxygen evolution electrode material of claim 1, wherein the Mn in the step 3) 3 O 4 The mass ratio of the/PANI material to the conductive carbon black to the PVDF is 7: 2: 1.
6. the method for preparing the three-dimensional nanorod composite oxygen evolution electrode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nickel foam in the step 3) is pretreated before being used as a substrate: soaking foamed nickel into deionized water, and performing ultrasonic treatment; and then putting the foamed nickel into HCl solution for acidification treatment to remove surface oxides, then washing the foamed nickel to be neutral by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the foamed nickel for later use.
7. The method for preparing a three-dimensional nanorod composite oxygen evolution electrode material of claim 6, wherein the HCl concentration is 3M and the acidification time is 60 s.
8. The method for preparing the three-dimensional nanorod composite oxygen evolution electrode material of claim 1, wherein the powder loaded on the nickel foam in the step 3) is 1.2-1.5 mg/cm 2 。
9. The three-dimensional nanorod-shaped composite oxygen evolution electrode material prepared by the method for preparing the three-dimensional nanorod-shaped composite oxygen evolution electrode material according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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