CN114804915B - Multifunctional light building material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional light building material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfate decahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 33
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- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- WPJGWJITSIEFRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine;hydrate Chemical group O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 WPJGWJITSIEFRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical group OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/143—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being phosphogypsum
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/88—Insulating elements for both heat and sound
- E04B1/90—Insulating elements for both heat and sound slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
- E04B2/7401—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using panels without a frame or supporting posts, with or without upper or lower edge locating rails
- E04B2/7403—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using panels without a frame or supporting posts, with or without upper or lower edge locating rails with special measures for sound or thermal insulation including fire protection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
- E04C2/46—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose specially adapted for making walls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a multifunctional light building material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the multifunctional light building material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65-80 parts of phosphorus building gypsum; 10-30 parts of mineral powder; 2-10 parts of carbide slag; 5-10 parts of composite phase-change material; 1-5 parts of phase change microcapsules; 2-6 parts of regenerated fibers; 0.05 to 0.1 portion of air entraining agent; 0.05 to 0.1 portion of retarder; 0.1-0.3 part of water reducing agent; 0.05 to 0.1 portion of water-retaining agent; the composite phase-change material is prepared from expanded perlite and phase-change energy storage wax by a vacuum impregnation method; the wall material of the phase-change microcapsule is polylactic acid, and the core material is a polymer prepared from sodium sulfate decahydrate, crystalline sodium acetate and polyurethane. The invention also provides a light inner wall partition board made of the multifunctional light building material. The light inner wall partition board has various properties meeting the general technical requirements of light battens for building partition walls, has adjustable capacity and low heat conductivity coefficient, also has good heat insulation performance and sound absorption performance, and can better meet the diversified development requirements of modern buildings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a multifunctional light building material as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Phosphogypsum is an industrial by-product produced in the process of wet-process phosphoric acid production. The main component of phosphogypsum is calcium sulphate dihydrate, and the content of the calcium sulphate dihydrate is about 90 percent. Phosphogypsum is strongly acidic, has pH of less than 3, and contains phosphorus, fluorine, organic matters and radioactive elements. The existence of impurities and radioactive elements in the phosphogypsum restricts the comprehensive utilization of the phosphogypsum, leads the phosphogypsum to be poured in a large amount, not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also causes serious pollution to water, air and soil and harms human health and ecological systems. At present, the reserve of the phosphogypsum in China exceeds 4 hundred million tons, and the global reserve exceeds 60 hundred million tons. However, the utilization rate of the phosphogypsum at the present stage is less than 20%, and the comprehensive utilization and reasonable disposal of the phosphogypsum are major problems for sustainable development of the phosphorus chemical industry.
In recent years, the multifunctional integrated light inner wall partition board has more and more projects as a non-bearing inner partition wall of residential buildings and general industrial buildings, has the advantages of light weight, high strength, fire resistance, heat preservation, sound absorption, moisture resistance, earthquake resistance, small occupied area, convenience in construction, cost reduction and the like, is simple and convenient to install and operate, and is an ideal decorative board.
In some existing researches, the phosphogypsum is used as a raw material to prepare the light inner wall partition plate, so that the phosphorus building gypsum is applied to the field of building materials to a certain extent. For example, patent CN110194641A discloses an interface-enhanced phosphogypsum light interior wall partition board and a preparation method thereof, which utilize core-shell structure foamed polystyrene light aggregate in raw materials to enhance the compatibility of the light aggregate with phosphogypsum and cement, improve the bonding strength of the light aggregate with the phosphogypsum and the cement, and further endow the phosphogypsum light interior wall partition board with certain heat preservation and insulation properties and mechanical properties. However, compared with various requirements in the general technology of light slats for building partitions, the internal wall partition product prepared from phosphogypsum has an unsatisfactory heat preservation effect, single function and poor comprehensive performance, and is difficult to meet the diversified development requirements of modern buildings.
Based on this, a multifunctional light building material using phosphogypsum as a main raw material is provided, so that the building material has the characteristics of better heat insulation effect, sound absorption performance and adjustable capacity, meets the requirement of diversified development of light inner wall partition boards, and is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional light building material which has good heat preservation effect, excellent sound absorption performance and adjustable capacity and takes phosphogypsum as a main raw material.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the multifunctional light building material with good heat preservation effect, excellent sound absorption performance and adjustable capacity.
The invention also aims to provide the light inner wall partition board which has good heat insulation effect, excellent sound absorption performance and adjustable capacity.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing one of the purposes is as follows: the multifunctional light building material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
65-80 parts of phosphorus building gypsum; 10-30 parts of mineral powder; 2-10 parts of carbide slag; 5-10 parts of composite phase-change material; 1-5 parts of phase change microcapsules; 2-6 parts of regenerated fibers; 0.05 to 0.1 portion of air entraining agent; 0.05 to 0.1 portion of retarder; 0.1-0.3 part of water reducing agent; 0.05 to 0.1 portion of water-retaining agent;
the composite phase-change material is prepared from expanded perlite and phase-change energy storage wax by a vacuum impregnation method;
the wall material of the phase-change microcapsule is polylactic acid, and the core material is a polymer prepared from sodium sulfate decahydrate, crystalline sodium acetate and polyurethane.
In the raw materials, the mineral powder and the carbide slag can modify the phosphogypsum, and the mechanical property of the system is optimized through the generation of hydration products such as calcium silicate hydrate gel, ettringite and the like formed in the hydration products; the composite phase change material and the phase change microcapsule are matched with each other, so that the problems of low heat conductivity of an organic phase change material, phase separation and supercooling of an inorganic phase change material and the like are solved, and the prepared building material has high phase change latent heat, high heat conductivity and proper phase change temperature; the regenerated fibers and air holes generated by the air entraining agent form a fiber porous sound absorption structure, so that the sound absorption performance of the building material is further enhanced. In addition, the incorporation of the regenerated fiber can effectively increase the impact resistance and the volume stability of the board.
Furthermore, in the aspect of improving the sound absorption performance and the energy storage performance of the light building material, the composite phase change material is prepared from expanded perlite and phase change energy storage wax by a vacuum impregnation method. The expanded perlite particles can be used as light aggregate to realize the lightening of the building material, and meanwhile, the expanded perlite has a honeycomb structure and a large number of pores, so that a cavity resonance sound absorption structure is formed, and the building material is endowed with a better sound insulation effect.
The phase-change microcapsule takes polylactic acid as a shell material, has good thermal stability and strong capability of resisting temperature fluctuation; sodium sulfate decahydrate, crystalline sodium acetate and polyurethane are used as core materials, the combination of the sodium sulfate decahydrate and the crystalline sodium acetate and the phosphorus building gypsum-based cementing material react better, so that the heat conductivity reaches better, the polyurethane in the core materials can further improve the heat insulation, sound insulation and earthquake resistance effects, and the core materials also have the gas defense performance.
Preferably, in the composite phase-change material, the phase-change energy-storage wax is selected from Zhejiang Huangxing chemical industry Co., ltd under the trade name of
The phase transition temperature of the FPC60 product is 60 +/-1.0 ℃, the DSC melting range is less than or equal to 10 ℃, and the phase transition enthalpy is more than or equal to 200KJ/kg. The inventor finds that the phase-change energy-storage wax is adopted to replace other products such as paraffin in the raw materials, and the prepared building material has high latent heat of phase change and is free fromSupercooling or phase separation is likely to occur. The bulk density of the expanded perlite is 93kg/m 3 Thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.055w/m, water content<2 percent and the grain diameter is less than 5mm. The water absorption, porosity and bulk density of the expanded perlite can determine the cavity structure of the expanded perlite, so that the expanded perlite can play a role in sound absorption.
Further, the preparation method of the composite phase change material comprises the following steps: the phase change energy storage wax is poured into an impregnation object (namely expanded perlite) under the vacuum condition, and a certain heating temperature and heating time are kept in the impregnation process to ensure that the phase change energy storage wax can be immersed to a sufficient depth. Preferably, the heating temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the heating time is 1-4 h. More preferably, the heating temperature is 60 ℃ and the heating time is 2h.
The preparation method of the phase-change microcapsule can adopt a physical method, a chemical method or a physical-chemical method. In some preferred embodiments, the phase-change microcapsule is prepared by an in-situ polymerization method, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: stirring sodium sulfate decahydrate, crystalline sodium acetate, polyurethane and polylactic acid at room temperature for 1-2 h to completely dissolve the sodium sulfate decahydrate, the crystalline sodium acetate, the polyurethane and the polylactic acid; then carrying out ultrasonic emulsification for 1-1.5 h to obtain emulsion; heating the obtained emulsion to 65-70 ℃, stirring and removing the upper solution to obtain white emulsion; and centrifuging the white emulsion at a high speed of 15000r/min for 1.5h by using a centrifugal machine, and then drying in vacuum to finally obtain the phase change microcapsule taking sodium sulfate decahydrate, crystalline sodium acetate and polyurethane as core materials and polylactic acid as wall materials.
Preferably, in the core material of the phase-change microcapsule, the ratio of the amount of the substance of sodium sulfate decahydrate to the amount of the substance of crystalline sodium acetate is 2:1 to 3:1. under the proportion range, the film-shaped substance formed by the polylactic acid has better wrapping effect on the core material, and is beneficial to the reaction of the phase-change capsule during the later casting molding, thereby exerting the phase-change advantage of the phase-change capsule.
Furthermore, the regenerated fiber is selected from dihydrate phosphogypsum whiskers, the average length is 0.5-2 mm, and the tensile strength of a single fiber is more than 25GPa.
Furthermore, the phosphorus building gypsum is obtained by calcining dihydrate gypsum at the temperature of 140-160 ℃ for 3 hours, the 2-hour flexural strength is more than 3MPa, and the absolute dry compressive strength is more than 10MPa.
Further, the mineral powder is prepared by grinding granulated blast furnace slag, and the specific surface area is more than 400m 2 Per kg; the carbide slag is industrial waste slag which is generated in the preparation of acetylene and takes calcium hydroxide as a main component, and the specific surface area is more than 300m 2 /kg。
Further, the air entraining agent is a powdery polyether air entraining agent; the retarder is one or two of a special retarder for gypsum and a citric acid retarder which are mixed according to any proportion.
Further, the water reducing agent is a melamine water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is more than 15%; the water retaining agent is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, and the viscosity is 40000-100000 mPa & s;
the second technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a preparation method of a multifunctional light building material based on one of the objects of the invention, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing phosphorus building gypsum, mineral powder, carbide slag and phase change microcapsules, and stirring for 1-2 min to obtain a first product;
s2, mixing water with the regenerated fibers, the air entraining agent, the retarder, the water reducing agent and the water-retaining agent according to the water-cement ratio of 0.6-0.65, ultrasonically dispersing for 0.5-1 min, adding into the first product obtained in the step S1, and continuously stirring for 1-2 min to obtain a second product;
s3, adding the composite phase change material into the second product, and stirring for 2-3 min to obtain slurry; and (3) casting and molding the slurry to obtain the multifunctional light building material.
In the preparation method, the phase change capsules added firstly are equivalent to the pure slurry treatment, and then the composite phase change material is added, which is equivalent to the addition of mortar on the basis of the pure slurry. The phase change microcapsule belongs to micron-level materials, the composite phase change material (expanded perlite) is a millimeter-level material, two phase change materials with different size levels are added step by step, so that the materials can be dispersed more uniformly, and the two phase change materials can react more fully. The phase-change microcapsules in the raw materials can improve the phase-change temperature-regulating capacity of the building material, and on the basis, the composite phase-change material light aggregate is added, so that the phase-change temperature-regulating capacity can be improved in a synergistic manner, and the building material is endowed with the functions of light weight, sound absorption and the like.
The invention realizes the third technical scheme that the purpose is realized by: the light inner wall partition board is made of the multifunctional light building material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The multifunctional light building material is prepared from the slag, the carbide slag, the phosphorus building gypsum, the composite phase-change material and the phase-change microcapsule, so that on one hand, the slag, the carbide slag and the phosphogypsum are cooperatively treated and recycled, the waste utilization rate is high, the physicochemical characteristics of various wastes are fully exerted, and on the other hand, the problems of poor sound absorption effect, small phase-change latent heat, low heat conductivity and the like of the existing light board are solved.
(2) The light inner wall partition board made of the multifunctional light building material provided by the invention has various properties meeting the standard of JGT169-2016 (general technical requirement for light slats for building partitions). Compared with the similar products, the light inner wall partition provided by the invention has the volume weight of 600-1000 kg/m 3 The range is adjustable, the heat conductivity coefficient is lower than 0.15W/(m.K), the heat insulation performance and the sound absorption performance are better, the comprehensive performance is excellent, and the requirement of diversified development of modern buildings can be better met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a multifunctional lightweight building material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The kinds and parts by weight of the raw materials of examples 1 to 5 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 3 are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
In the above table, the phosphorus building gypsum is obtained by calcining dihydrate gypsum at 140-160 ℃ for 3 hours, the rupture strength of 2 hours is more than 3MPa, and the absolute dry compressive strength is more than 10MPa; the mineral powder is prepared by grinding granulated blast furnace slag, and has a specific surface area of more than 400m 2 Per kg; the carbide slag is industrial waste slag which is generated in the preparation of acetylene and takes calcium hydroxide as a main component, and the specific surface area is more than 300m 2 Per kg; the composite phase-change material is prepared from expanded perlite and phase-change energy-storage wax by vacuum impregnation, and the bulk density of the expanded perlite is 93kg/m 3 Thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.055w/m, water content<2 percent, the grain diameter is less than 5mm; the phase-change temperature of the phase-change energy-storage wax is 60 +/-1.0 ℃, the DSC melting range is less than or equal to 10 ℃, and the phase-change enthalpy is more than or equal to 200KJ/kg. The wall material of the phase-change microcapsule is polylactic acid, and the core material is a polymer prepared from sodium sulfate decahydrate, crystalline sodium acetate and polyurethane, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium sulfate decahydrate to the crystalline sodium acetate is 2:1 to 3:1. the regenerated fiber is selected from dihydrate phosphogypsum crystal whisker, the average length is 0.5-2 mm, and the single fiber tensile strength is more than 25GPa; the air entraining agent is powdery polyether air entraining agent; the retarder is one or two of special gypsum retarder and citric acid retarder mixed according to any proportion; the water reducing agent is melamine water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is more than 15%; the water retention agent is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether with viscosity of 40000-100000 mPa.
Example 1
(1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts shown in Table 1, uniformly mixing the phosphorus building gypsum, the mineral powder, the carbide slag and the phase change microcapsule, and stirring for 1min;
(2) Mixing water, regenerated fibers, an air entraining agent, a retarder, a water reducing agent and a water retaining agent according to the water-cement ratio of 0.6, ultrasonically dispersing for 0.5min, adding into the powder in the step (1), and continuously stirring for 1min;
(3) Adding the composite phase-change material, stirring for 2min, and casting and molding the slurry to obtain the phosphogypsum light inner wall partition board.
Example 2
(1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts shown in Table 1, uniformly mixing the phosphorus building gypsum, the mineral powder, the carbide slag and the phase change microcapsule, and stirring for 1min;
(2) Mixing water, regenerated fibers, an air entraining agent, a retarder, a water reducing agent and a water retaining agent according to the water-cement ratio of 0.62, ultrasonically dispersing for 1min, adding into the powder in the step (1), and continuously stirring for 2min;
(3) Adding the composite phase-change material, stirring for 2min, and casting and molding the slurry to obtain the phosphogypsum light inner wall partition board.
Example 3
(1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts shown in the table 1, uniformly mixing the phosphorus building gypsum, the mineral powder, the carbide slag and the phase change microcapsule, and stirring for 2min;
(2) Mixing water, regenerated fibers, an air entraining agent, a retarder, a water reducing agent and a water retaining agent according to the water-cement ratio of 0.65, ultrasonically dispersing for 1min, adding into the powder in the step (1), and continuously stirring for 2min;
(3) Adding the composite phase-change material, stirring for 3min, and casting and molding the slurry to obtain the phosphogypsum light inner wall partition board.
Example 4
(1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts shown in the table 1, uniformly mixing the phosphorus building gypsum, the mineral powder, the carbide slag and the phase change microcapsule, and stirring for 2min;
(2) Mixing water, regenerated fibers, an air entraining agent, a retarder, a water reducing agent and a water retaining agent according to the water-cement ratio of 0.63, ultrasonically dispersing for 0.5min, adding into the powder in the step (1), and continuously stirring for 2min;
(3) Adding the composite phase change material, stirring for 2min, and casting and molding the slurry to obtain the phosphogypsum light inner wall partition board.
Example 5
(1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts shown in Table 1, uniformly mixing the phosphorus building gypsum, the mineral powder, the carbide slag and the phase change microcapsule, and stirring for 1.5min;
(2) Mixing water, regenerated fibers, an air entraining agent, a retarder, a water reducing agent and a water retaining agent according to the water-cement ratio of 0.64, ultrasonically dispersing for 1min, adding into the powder in the step (1), and continuously stirring for 1min;
(3) Adding the composite phase change material, stirring for 2min, and casting and molding the slurry to obtain the phosphogypsum light inner wall partition board.
Comparative example 1
On the basis of the embodiment 3, the phase change microcapsules in the raw materials in the step (1) are removed, and other conditions are unchanged, so that the phosphogypsum light inner wall partition is prepared.
Comparative example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 3, the composite phase change material in the raw material in the step (3) is removed, and other conditions are unchanged, so that the phosphogypsum light inner wall partition plate is prepared.
Comparative example 3
(1) Weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts shown in the table 1, uniformly mixing the phosphorus building gypsum, the mineral powder, the carbide slag, the phase change microcapsule and the composite phase change material, and stirring for 2min;
(2) Mixing water, regenerated fibers, an air entraining agent, a retarder, a water reducing agent and a water retaining agent according to the water-cement ratio of 0.65, ultrasonically dispersing for 1min, adding into the powder in the step (1), and continuously stirring for 2min; and (4) casting and molding the slurry to obtain the phosphogypsum light inner wall partition board.
Performance testing
The multifunctional building materials prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to the performance test in accordance with JGT169-2016 "general technical Specification for lightweight siding boards for building partitions", and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the above table,
the raw materials of the comparative example 1 do not contain the phase-change microcapsules, the raw materials of the comparative example 2 do not contain the composite phase-change material, and the phase-change enthalpy of the prepared building material is obviously reduced. In addition, when the composite phase change material is not added, the defects of high heat conductivity coefficient and low noise reduction coefficient exist in the comparative example 2, and although the mechanical property is relatively good, the application requirement of the light inner wall partition board material for multiple functions cannot be effectively met.
Comparative example 3 the order of addition of the two phase change materials was adjusted on the basis of examples 1-5, and both the phase change microcapsules and the composite phase change material were mixed with the other raw materials in step 1. The preparation method does not separately add the phase-change materials with different size grades, so that the dispersion performance of the two different phase-change materials is influenced, and the prepared building material is reduced in the aspects of mechanical property, noise reduction performance and the like.
The multifunctional light material prepared by the embodiments 1-5 of the invention has the oven dry compressive strength of 5.5-6.7 MPa and the oven dry density of 763-953 kg/m 3 The heat conductivity coefficient is 0.08-0.13W/(mK), the noise reduction coefficient is 0.61-0.89, and the phase change enthalpy is 314-335 kJ/m 2 All the performances of the building wall panel meet the requirements of products with various specifications in JGT169-2016 'general technical requirements of light battens for building partitions'. The multifunctional light material and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention provide a high value-added product for resource utilization of phosphogypsum.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a multifunctional light building material comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing phosphorus building gypsum, mineral powder, carbide slag and phase change microcapsules, and stirring for 1-2 min to obtain a first product;
s2, mixing water with the regenerated fibers, the air entraining agent, the retarder, the water reducing agent and the water-retaining agent according to the water-cement ratio of 0.6-0.65, ultrasonically dispersing for 0.5-1 min, adding into the first product obtained in the step S1, and continuously stirring for 1-2 min to obtain a second product;
s3, adding the composite phase change material into the second product, and stirring for 2-3 min to obtain slurry; pouring and molding the slurry to obtain the multifunctional light building material;
the multifunctional light building material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
65-80 parts of phosphorus building gypsum; 10-30 parts of mineral powder; 2-10 parts of carbide slag; 5-10 parts of composite phase-change material; 1-5 parts of phase change microcapsules; 2-6 parts of regenerated fibers; 0.05 to 0.1 portion of air entraining agent; 0.05 to 0.1 portion of retarder; 0.1-0.3 part of water reducing agent; 0.05 to 0.1 portion of water-retaining agent;
the composite phase-change material is prepared from expanded perlite and phase-change energy storage wax by a vacuum impregnation method;
the wall material of the phase-change microcapsule is polylactic acid, and the core material is a polymer prepared from sodium sulfate decahydrate, crystalline sodium acetate and polyurethane;
in the composite phase change material, the bulk density of the expanded perlite is 93kg/m 3 Thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.055w/m, water content<2 percent, the grain diameter is less than 5mm; the phase-change temperature of the phase-change energy-storage wax is 60 +/-1.0 ℃, the DSC melting range is less than or equal to 10 ℃, and the phase-change enthalpy is more than or equal to 200KJ/kg;
in the phase-change microcapsule, the mass ratio of sodium sulfate decahydrate to crystalline sodium acetate is 2:1 to 3:1;
the regenerated fiber is selected from dihydrate phosphogypsum whisker, the average length is 0.5-2 mm, and the single fiber tensile strength is more than 25GPa.
2. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the phosphorus building gypsum is obtained by calcining dihydrate gypsum at 140-160 ℃ for 3h, and has a rupture strength of more than 3MPa in 2h and an absolute dry compressive strength of more than 10MPa.
3. The method for producing according to claim 1, whichCharacterized in that the mineral powder is prepared by grinding granulated blast furnace slag, and the specific surface area of the mineral powder is more than 400m 2 Per kg; the carbide slag is industrial waste slag which is generated in the preparation of acetylene and takes calcium hydroxide as a main component, and the specific surface area of the carbide slag is more than 300m 2 /kg。
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the air-entraining agent is a powdery polyether air-entraining agent; the retarder is selected from gypsum special retarder and/or citric acid retarder.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the water reducing agent is a melamine water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is more than 15%; the water retention agent is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, and the viscosity of the water retention agent is 40000-100000 mPa & s.
6. A lightweight interior wall partition characterized by being made of the multifunctional lightweight building material obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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