CN111978061B - Preparation method of high-water-resistance anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material - Google Patents

Preparation method of high-water-resistance anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material Download PDF

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CN111978061B
CN111978061B CN202010899473.5A CN202010899473A CN111978061B CN 111978061 B CN111978061 B CN 111978061B CN 202010899473 A CN202010899473 A CN 202010899473A CN 111978061 B CN111978061 B CN 111978061B
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water
solid waste
cementing material
anhydrous phosphogypsum
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CN111978061A (en
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苏英
熊国庆
柳强
李玉博
付泽康
王志强
黄震宇
霍佳腾
陈顺
贺行洋
江波
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Hubei University of Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/16Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing anhydrite, e.g. Keene's cement
    • C04B28/165Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing anhydrite, e.g. Keene's cement containing synthetic anhydrite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B11/00Calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B11/05Calcium sulfate cements obtaining anhydrite, e.g. Keene's cement
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B11/00Calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B11/26Calcium sulfate cements strating from chemical gypsum; starting from phosphogypsum or from waste, e.g. purification products of smoke
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/27Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a high-water-resistance anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material, which comprises the following steps: step 1: according to parts by weight, carrying out wet grinding on 100-150 parts of solid waste of silicon and aluminum, 100-130 parts of water and 2.5-3.5 parts of water reducing agent in a ball mill to obtain solid waste slurry of silicon and aluminum; step 2: mixing and stirring 2-20 parts of the solid waste silicon-aluminum slurry obtained in the step 1, 70-100 parts of anhydrous phosphogypsum and 2-20 parts of alkaline solid waste to uniformly disperse the materials, adding water according to the weight ratio of the water to the ash of 0.4-0.5, and simultaneously adding 0.1-0.3 part of water reducing agent to uniformly stir to obtain the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material with high water resistance. The method is simple and easy to implement, can greatly reduce the production cost, has high raw material waste utilization rate, solves the problems of land occupation, environmental pollution and resource waste caused by stacking solid wastes while improving the performance of the anhydrous phosphogypsum, realizes the best use of the matters, and has higher economic benefit and environmental benefit.

Description

Preparation method of high-water-resistance anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a high-water-resistance anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material.
Background
In the smelting or chemical production process, a large amount of industrial waste residues such as various chemical gypsum, phosphogypsum, desulfurized gypsum, fluorgypsum, water-quenched granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash, yellow phosphorus slag, pyrite slag and the like can be generated, the industrial waste residues can not be poured randomly, a storage yard is arranged for accumulating the waste residues for a long time, the waste residues can not be fully utilized, a large amount of precious land and soil resources are occupied, heavy economic burden is brought to enterprises, on the other hand, harmful ingredients in the industrial waste residues can permeate underground, environmental pollution is caused, ecological environment and ecological balance are damaged, and if the industrial waste residues are treated, considerable cost is consumed.
The gypsum block has the advantages of light weight, good heat preservation, heat insulation and sound insulation performance, convenient construction and the like, and particularly has the outstanding characteristics in the aspects of environmental protection, land saving, energy saving and the like. In order to meet the requirement of better fluidity in application, the water doping amount of the gypsum is generally far larger than the water demand of theoretical hydration. When the hydration process is completed, excess moisture is volatilized from the gypsum-hardened body, a large number of pores are generated in the gypsum product, and the structure of the large pores easily results in high water absorption of the gypsum product. Thus, the contact points where the gypsum product crystallizes in a humid environment are highly susceptible to dissolution and recrystallization, resulting in a decrease in the strength of the gypsum product.
Although gypsum blocks have many advantages, the development of gypsum blocks is severely restricted by the problem of poor water resistance. The main reasons for this are: firstly, in order to ensure that the slurry has certain fluidity, the amount of water which is far higher than that theoretically needed for converting the semi-hydrated gypsum into the dihydrate gypsum is added in the stirring process of the gypsum slurry, when the gypsum slurry is hardened, redundant water escapes from the gypsum hardened body, so that a large number of gaps and capillary holes are generated, the gaps are mutually communicated, as long as the surface of the gypsum hardened body is contacted with the water, the water can quickly penetrate into the gypsum hardened body, and can repeatedly migrate in the gypsum hardened body, so that the water absorption rate of the gypsum hardened body is causedIs large; secondly, the solubility of calcium sulfate dihydrate in the gypsum water bloom product is high, the thermal stability of a crystal contact point is not high, and the calcium sulfate dihydrate is easy to corrode under the action of water, so that the crystal structure is damaged, the strength and the hardness are reduced, and the softening coefficient is reduced; third, dihydrate Gypsum (CaSO)4·2H2O) has a solubility in water much higher than that of set cement, and thus the set gypsum has poor water resistance.
Therefore, the improvement of the water resistance and the mechanical property of the gypsum building block becomes a problem to be solved for popularization and use.
The patent application with the publication number of CN201110306025.0 discloses a waterproof caulking gypsum powder and a preparation method thereof, wherein the waterproof caulking gypsum powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 8500 parts of beta gypsum, 2500 parts of 1500-sand limestone, 1-10 parts of retarder, 200 parts of 100-sand cellulose and 20-80 parts of organic silicon powder. The preparation method comprises preparing beta gypsum and limestone into fine powder with particle size of less than or equal to 200 μm; mixing the fine powder and other components at a certain proportion in a blender mixer for 5-10min, and mixing well. The method has high requirement on organic silicon powder, and has great dependence on the interaction with gypsum.
The patent application with publication number CN201810674242.7 discloses a preparation method of a high-strength waterproof gypsum-based cementing material containing modified fibers, which comprises the steps of mixing surface-treated ceramic/nylon composite fibers and high-strength gypsum powder, carrying out ball milling and uniform dispersion, mixing the mixture with steel slag/slag composite micro powder, carbide slag, waste glass fiber reinforced plastic fibers with the surfaces treated by EDTA solution and a composite waterproof agent, stirring and uniformly mixing, molding, maintaining and drying to prepare the high-strength waterproof gypsum-based cementing material. The complex and costly manufacture limits its widespread use.
The discovery provides a novel phosphogypsum modification method for further popularizing the use of phosphogypsum, the industrial waste phosphogypsum is used as a base material, and the water resistance of the phosphogypsum is enhanced through modification; in addition, the method gives full play to the potential value of the industrial waste phosphogypsum, saves chemical raw materials, provides a new utilization approach for the comprehensive utilization of the phosphogypsum, and has great economic and environmental benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the anhydrous phosphogypsum has poor water resistance, low early strength, low utilization rate and the like caused by limitation of use of the anhydrous phosphogypsum, and provides a preparation method of the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the problems in the prior art is as follows:
the preparation method of the high-water-resistance anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: according to parts by weight, carrying out wet grinding on 100-150 parts of solid waste of silicon and aluminum, 100-130 parts of water and 2.5-3.5 parts of water reducing agent in a ball mill to obtain solid waste slurry of silicon and aluminum;
step 2: mixing and stirring 2-20 parts of the solid waste silicon-aluminum slurry obtained in the step 1, 70-100 parts of anhydrous phosphogypsum and 2-20 parts of alkaline solid waste to uniformly disperse the materials, adding water according to the weight ratio of the water to the ash of 0.4-0.5, and simultaneously adding 0.1-0.3 part of water reducing agent to uniformly stir to obtain the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material with high water resistance.
Further, in the step 2, 5-15 parts of silicon-aluminum solid waste slurry, 75-95 parts of anhydrous phosphogypsum, 5-15 parts of alkaline solid waste and 0.2-0.3 part of water reducing agent.
The anhydrous phosphogypsum in the step 2 is prepared by calcining the dihydrate phosphogypsum at the temperature of 500-700 ℃ for 15-60 minutes, wherein the mass fraction of the calcium sulfate is more than 85%, the mass fraction of the water-soluble phosphorus pentoxide is less than 0.8%, the mass fraction of the water-soluble fluorine is less than 0.5%, the content of the organic matter is less than 1%, and the screen residue of a 0.2mm square-hole screen is less than 10%.
The solid waste of the silicon and aluminum in the step 1 is one or more powdery materials of fly ash, slag, steel slag, silicon ash and phosphorus slag, wherein the specific surface area is more than 330m2/kg。
The alkaline solid waste in the step 2 is powdery materials (dissolved in water) of alkaline industrial solid waste such as carbide slag, white mud and the likepH value of more than 13), wherein the specific surface area is more than 360m2/kg。
The water reducing agent in the step 1 is a polycarboxylic acid type high-efficiency water reducing agent, an HSB aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agent or a naphthalene type high-efficiency water reducing agent.
The median particle size of the solid waste slurry of the silicon and aluminum is below 8 um.
The water reducing agent in the step 2 is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is more than 18%.
In order to solve the problems in the technical background, anhydrous phosphogypsum is taken as a cementing material, alkaline solid waste is added, and a certain amount of silicon-aluminum solid waste slurry is doped at the same time, so that the dissolution of anhydrite is promoted, the crystallization supersaturation degree of dihydrate gypsum is improved, and the nucleation and growth rate of dihydrate gypsum crystals is accelerated; and a sulfate-rich liquid phase is formed, so that the formation of dihydrate gypsum crystal structural elements is facilitated, the nucleation center of dihydrate gypsum crystals is increased, the growth habit of dihydrate gypsum crystals is changed, the hydrogen bond effect of solvent water is weakened, the dissolving capacity of the dihydrate gypsum crystals is improved, and the activity of the anhydrous phosphogypsum is stimulated. The wet-milled solid waste silicon-aluminum slurry has the advantages that Ca ions are separated out, alkali is dissolved out, and the pH is increased in the wet milling process, so that the hydrolysis of the anhydrous gypsum is further promoted, and the nano-grade solid waste silicon-aluminum slurry also plays a role in inducing nano crystal nuclei, so that the activity of the anhydrous phosphogypsum is further activated. The si ions and Al ions also separated out in the wet grinding process of the solid waste slurry of silicon and aluminum play an important role in improving the waterproof performance of the gypsum. Thereby solving various problems caused by the introduction of the anhydrous phosphogypsum. All the components of the exciting and reinforcing materials are the same as those of the cementing materials, the compatibility is good, the water resistance and the mechanical property are greatly improved, and the action effect is obvious.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention solves the problems of land occupation, environmental pollution and resource waste of solid waste stockpiling while improving the performance of the anhydrous phosphogypsum, realizes the best use of the materials and has higher economic benefit and environmental benefit;
2. the method is simple and easy to implement, can greatly reduce the production cost, has high waste utilization rate of raw materials, and has the main raw materials prepared from the industrial byproduct phosphogypsum with the waste utilization rate of more than 95 percent;
3. the method is characterized in that industrial alkaline waste and silicon-aluminum solid waste are used for treating industrial byproduct phosphogypsum, wherein after the silicon-aluminum solid waste is wet-milled, the particle size is reduced, the specific surface area is increased, ca ions and si ions are dissolved out, the hydration of the anhydrous phosphogypsum is further promoted, the good circulation of treating waste with waste is achieved, and waste is changed into valuable;
4. the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material prepared by the invention solves the problem of water resistance, the softening coefficient reaches over 0.8, and the problem of limiting the application of the anhydrous phosphogypsum is solved.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments.
Example 1
The anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material is prepared by the following method:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the parts by weight, 100 parts of fly ash, 100 parts of water and 2.5 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent are wet-milled in a ball mill to obtain fly ash slurry.
Step two: 5 parts of fly ash slurry obtained in the step one, 95 parts of anhydrous phosphogypsum and 5 parts of carbide slag are mixed and stirred to uniformly disperse the materials, then water is added according to the weight ratio of the fly ash to the water, 0.5 part of water reducing agent is added at the same time, and the materials are uniformly stirred to obtain the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material, and the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material is placed indoors for maintenance at normal temperature.
The performance test data of the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material prepared by the embodiment are shown in the table 1.
Example 2
The anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material is prepared by the following method:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the parts by weight, 150 parts of slag, 130 parts of water and 3.5 parts of HSB aliphatic superplasticizer are wet-milled in a ball mill to obtain slag slurry.
Step two: and (3) mixing and stirring 15 parts of the slag slurry obtained in the step one, 75 parts of anhydrous phosphogypsum and 15 parts of white mud to uniformly disperse the materials, adding water according to the weight ratio of water to ash of 0.4, adding 0.3 part of water reducing agent, uniformly stirring to obtain an anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material, and placing the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material indoors for normal-temperature curing.
The performance test data of the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material prepared by the embodiment are shown in the table 1.
Example 3
The anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material is prepared by the following method:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 125 portions of steel slag, 115 portions of water and 3.0 portions of naphthalene-based superplasticizer are wet-milled in a ball mill to obtain steel slag slurry.
Step two: and (2) mixing and stirring 10 parts of the steel slag slurry obtained in the step one, 85 parts of anhydrous phosphogypsum and 10 parts of carbide slag to uniformly disperse the materials, adding water according to the weight ratio of water to ash of 0.45, simultaneously adding 0.25 part of water reducing agent, uniformly stirring to obtain an anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material, and placing the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material in a room for normal-temperature maintenance.
The performance test data of the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material prepared by the embodiment are shown in the table 1.
Example 4
The anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material is prepared by the following method:
the method comprises the following steps: 130 parts of silica fume, 110 parts of water and 2.5 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent are wet-milled in a ball mill according to the parts by weight to obtain silica fume slurry.
Step two: 5 parts of the silica fume slurry obtained in the step one, 80 parts of the anhydrous phosphogypsum and 5 parts of the white mud are mixed and stirred to uniformly disperse the materials, then water is added according to the weight ratio of the water to the ash of 0.45, and 0.3 part of the water reducing agent is added at the same time to be uniformly stirred to obtain the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material, and the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material is placed indoors for maintenance at normal temperature.
The performance test data of the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material prepared by the embodiment are shown in the table 1.
Example 5
The anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material is prepared by the following method:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the parts by weight, 110 parts of phosphorous slag, 120 parts of water and 3.0 parts of HSB aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agent are wet-milled in a ball mill to obtain phosphorous slag slurry.
Step two: 8 parts of the phosphorus slag slurry obtained in the step one, 85 parts of anhydrous phosphogypsum and 8 parts of carbide slag are mixed and stirred to uniformly disperse the materials, then water is added according to the weight ratio of water to cement of 0.5, and simultaneously 0.3 part of water reducing agent is added and stirred uniformly to obtain an anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material, and the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material is placed indoors for normal-temperature maintenance.
The performance test data of the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material prepared by the embodiment are shown in the table 1.
Comparative example 1
The slag slurry was changed to raw ash slag which was not wet-milled, as opposed to example 2, and the rest was unchanged.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the embodiment 2, the slag slurry is changed into the nano-scale slag slurry after wet grinding, and the rest is unchanged.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002659329830000071
In all the above examples, the performance of the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material in example 2 is optimal, the compressive strength of 3 days reaches 13.2MPa, the compressive strength of 7 days reaches 15.1MPa, the softening coefficient reaches 0.85, the water absorption rate of 2h is 10.8%, and the water absorption rate of 24h is 13.1%. However, in comparative example 1, the performance was better in example 2, because the ore powder slurry was changed to raw ash slag which was not wet-ground, as compared to example 2. In comparative example 2, the performance was better in comparative example 2 because the slag slurry was changed to a nano-sized slag slurry after wet grinding, as compared to example 2.
The protective scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is apparent that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. It is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. The preparation method of the high-water-resistance anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: according to parts by weight, carrying out wet grinding on 100-150 parts of solid waste of silicon and aluminum, 100-130 parts of water and 2.5-3.5 parts of water reducing agent in a ball mill to obtain solid waste slurry of silicon and aluminum;
step 2: mixing and stirring 2-20 parts of the solid waste silicon-aluminum slurry obtained in the step 1, 70-100 parts of anhydrous phosphogypsum and 2-20 parts of alkaline solid waste to uniformly disperse the materials, adding water according to the weight ratio of the water to the ash of 0.4-0.5, and simultaneously adding 0.1-0.3 part of water reducing agent to uniformly stir to obtain the anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material with high water resistance.
2. The preparation method of the high water resistance anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: further, in the step 2, 5-15 parts of silicon-aluminum solid waste slurry, 75-95 parts of anhydrous phosphogypsum, 5-15 parts of alkaline solid waste and 0.2-0.3 part of water reducing agent.
3. The preparation method of the high water resistance anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the anhydrous phosphogypsum in the step 2 is prepared by calcining the dihydrate phosphogypsum at the temperature of 500-700 ℃ for 15-60 minutes, wherein the mass fraction of the calcium sulfate is more than 85%, the mass fraction of the water-soluble phosphorus pentoxide is less than 0.8%, the mass fraction of the water-soluble fluorine is less than 0.5%, the content of the organic matter is less than 1%, and the screen residue of a 0.2mm square-hole screen is less than 10%.
4. The preparation method of the high water resistance anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the solid waste of the silicon and aluminum in the step 1 is one or more powdery materials of fly ash, slag, steel slag, silicon ash and phosphorus slag, wherein the specific surface area is more than 330m2/kg。
5. The preparation method of the high water resistance anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the alkaline solid waste in the step 2 is powdery material of carbide slag or white mud alkaline industrial solid waste, wherein the specific surface area is more than 360m2/kg。
6. The preparation method of the high water resistance anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the water reducing agent in the step 1 is a polycarboxylic acid type high-efficiency water reducing agent, an HSB aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agent or a naphthalene type high-efficiency water reducing agent.
7. The preparation method of the high water resistance anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the median particle size of the solid waste slurry of the silicon and aluminum is below 8 mu m.
8. The preparation method of the high water resistance anhydrous phosphogypsum cementing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the water reducing agent in the step 2 is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is more than 18%.
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