CN114778103A - Automatic testing device and method for detecting structural tightness of component - Google Patents
Automatic testing device and method for detecting structural tightness of component Download PDFInfo
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- CN114778103A CN114778103A CN202210683612.XA CN202210683612A CN114778103A CN 114778103 A CN114778103 A CN 114778103A CN 202210683612 A CN202210683612 A CN 202210683612A CN 114778103 A CN114778103 A CN 114778103A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of mechanical structure detection, in particular to an automatic testing device and a method for detecting the structural tightness of a part, which comprises a control system, a mounting base, a slide rail, a jig box, a pawl device, a driving rod and a driving block, wherein the slide rail is mounted on the mounting base and is arranged in parallel with the driving rod, a cavity for placing the detection part is arranged on the jig box, the jig box is clamped with the slide rail so as to slide along the length direction of the slide rail, the pawl device is arranged on the driving block and is connected with the jig box, the driving block is sleeved on the driving rod so as to slide along the length direction of the driving rod, the driving rod drives the driving block and drives the jig box to slide along the length direction of the slide rail through the pawl device so as to detect the structural tightness of the detection part in the jig box, the invention uses an automatic testing method without manual operation, the method is suitable for being applied to an automatic production line, the test result is quantized, and the test result can be displayed more accurately for comparison.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mechanical structure detection, in particular to an automatic testing device and method for detecting structural tightness of a part.
Background
The assembly of the spare part of most products all requires closely fixed not to become flexible, and the reliable ligature of cable is not become flexible. After the assembly is completed, in order to check whether parts are loosened, a common method is to manually shake the parts, and judge whether the parts are loosened or fall off by listening to sound or sensing vibration by hands, but a method for quantifying and automating the structural tightness degree of the parts is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automatic testing device and method for detecting the structural tightness of a part, aiming at solving the defects and shortcomings of the prior art.
In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the automatic testing device for detecting the structural tightness of the part comprises a control system, a mounting base, a slide rail, a jig box, a pawl device, a driving rod and a driving block, the slide rail is arranged on the mounting base and is parallel to the driving rod, a cavity for placing a detection component is arranged on the jig box, the jig box is clamped with the slide rail so as to enable the jig box to slide along the length direction of the slide rail, the pawl device is arranged on the driving block and connected with the jig box, the driving block is sleeved on the driving rod so that the driving block can slide along the length direction of the driving rod, the driving rod drives the driving block and drives the jig box to slide along the length direction of the sliding rail through the pawl device so as to detect the structural compactness of a detection part in the jig box.
The actuating lever is the lead screw that the surface was provided with the external screw thread structure, the driving block for be provided with the lead screw ball nut of external screw thread structure matched with internal thread structure, the one end of actuating lever be provided with the driving motor that the control system electricity is connected, the driving motor drive the actuating lever rotates so that the driving block along the length direction of driving lever slides.
The pawl device comprises a base, a limit switch arranged on the base, an opening and closing motor, a driving gear, two driven gears and two claw blocks, wherein the driving gear is in transmission connection with the opening and closing motor, two sides of the driving gear are respectively meshed with the two driven gears, the two claw blocks are respectively in transmission connection with the two driven gears, the two claw blocks are symmetrically arranged on the base by taking the central axis of the driving gear as a central line, the limit switch is in signal connection with the control system, the opening and closing motor is electrically connected with the control system, the limit switch is triggered to send a release signal to the control system to control the opening and closing motor, and therefore the driven gears are driven to rotate through the driving gear.
The bottom of tool box be provided with claw piece matched with draw-in groove, the claw piece card is located in the draw-in groove in order to realize the pawl device with the connection of tool box, the claw piece still can along the length direction of draw-in groove slides, still be provided with on the tool box with limit switch matched with spacing groove, the claw piece slides to the end of draw-in groove, limit switch card is gone into the spacing inslot and is sent the release signal extremely control system, control system control opening and closing motor passes through driving gear drive driven gear rotates the claw piece, so that the claw piece is deviate from the draw-in groove.
The sliding rail is provided with a first sensor for detecting the position of the jig box, the first sensor is in signal connection with the control system, the first sensor detects that the jig box is in place and sends a signal in place to the control system, and the control system controls the driving motor to stop working.
The tool box comprises a tool box body, and is characterized in that a spherical hinge pressing block and an adjusting bolt which are used for fixing a detection part are arranged in a cavity of the tool box body, the adjusting bolt is inserted into the side wall of the tool box body, and one end of the adjusting bolt is connected with the spherical hinge pressing block.
The fixture box is characterized in that a buffer device for preventing the fixture box from being punched out of the slide rail is further arranged on the mounting base, the buffer device comprises a baffle and a buffer block arranged on the baffle, and the baffle is arranged on the mounting base.
The slide rail is also provided with a second sensor and a third sensor which are used for detecting the position of the jig box, and the first sensor, the second sensor and the third sensor are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the slide rail.
An automated testing method for detecting the structural compactness of a component, which is implemented by the above-mentioned automated testing device for detecting the structural compactness of a component, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the detection part into the cavity of the jig box, and fixing the detection part through the spherical hinge pressing block and the adjusting bolt;
step two: the driving motor drives the driving rod to rotate so that the driving block drives the jig box to slide along the length direction of the sliding rail;
step three: when the jig box reaches the position of the first sensor, the driving motor stops driving the driving rod, the jig box slides forwards to enable the claw block to slide to the tail end of the clamping groove, the limit switch is clamped into the limit groove, the jig box stops sliding, the limit switch is triggered to enable the pawl device to loosen the jig box, and the jig box slides along the sliding rail due to inertia of a loose part in the detection part; step four: measuring the time of the jig box respectively reaching the second sensor and the third sensor, and setting the time of the jig box reaching the second sensor from the first sensor as T1 and the speed as v1The time for the jig box to reach the third sensor from the second sensor is T2, and the speed is v2；
Step five: if the jig box does not reach the second sensor, judging that the structure of the detection part is not loosened, otherwise, judging that the structure of the detection part is loosened; if the time T2 for the jig box to reach the third sensor from the second sensor is greater than the preset threshold value MAXT, the looseness degree of the detection part is judged to be lower than the lower quantifiable measurement limit;
step six: calculating the loosening degree of the detection part: let the total mass of the detecting part be m1The mass of the jig box is m2Examination ofThe mass of the loose part inside the measuring part is m3Then, then
Wherein s is2The distance between the second sensor and the third sensor;
the degree of loosening is then:
and judging whether the detection part needs to be installed again according to the loosening degree of the detection part.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the automatic testing device and method for detecting the structural tightness of the part are suitable for being applied to an automatic production line, do not need manual operation, are quantized in testing results, have better comparability and can accurately show the testing results for comparison.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automated testing apparatus for detecting structural tightness of a component according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a driving rod and a driving block of an automatic testing device for detecting structural tightness of a component according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a detent mechanism of an automated testing apparatus for detecting structural tightness of a component according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of an automated test apparatus for detecting structural tightness of a component according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a ratchet releasing jig box of an automatic testing device for detecting structural tightness of a component according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a clamping fixture box of a detent device of an automatic testing device for detecting structural tightness of a component according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 4.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are simplified schematic drawings and only schematically illustrate the basic structure of the invention, and the direction of the embodiment is based on the direction of fig. 1.
The testing principle of the invention is as follows: if the detection part has a loose sub-part, the detection part can drive the sub-part to move together under the pushing of external force, and after the detection part is rapidly stopped from a motion state under the action of external force resistance, the loose sub-part can continue to move by means of inertia. Therefore, if the external force applied to the detection part is timely removed, the moving sub-part drives the main part to start moving again, and if the moving sub-part is not loosened in the detection part, the detection part stops and does not continue to move after the external force is removed.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the present invention provides an automatic testing device for detecting structural tightness of a component, comprising a control system, further comprising a mounting base 1, a slide rail 2, a jig box 3, a pawl device 4, a driving rod 5 and a driving block 6, wherein the slide rail 2 is mounted on the mounting base 1 and arranged in parallel with the driving rod 5, a cavity 31 for placing a detection component is provided on the jig box 3, the jig box 3 is clamped with the slide rail 2 so as to slide along the length direction of the slide rail 2, the pawl device 4 is provided on the driving block 6 and connected with the jig box 3, the driving block 6 is sleeved on the driving rod 5 so as to enable the driving block 6 to slide along the length direction of the driving rod 5, the driving rod 5 drives the driving block 6 and drives the jig box 3 to slide along the length direction of the slide rail 2 through the pawl device 4, so as to detect the structural compactness of the detection components in the jig box 3.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, two slide rails 2 are provided, one driving rod 5 is provided, the two slide rails 2 are oppositely disposed on two sides of the driving rod 5, the jig box 3 is provided with two opposite sliding chutes, and the shapes of the sliding chutes are matched with the shapes of the slide rails 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the driving rod 5 is a lead screw with an external thread structure on the surface, the driving block 6 is a ball nut of the lead screw with an internal thread structure matched with the external thread structure, one end of the driving rod 5 is provided with a driving motor 51 electrically connected with the control system, and the driving motor 51 drives the driving rod 5 to rotate so that the driving block 6 slides along the length direction of the driving rod 5.
Lead screw and lead screw ball nut are the market product, driving motor 51 drive during actuating lever 5 forward rotation, driving block 6 can be along the length direction of actuating lever 5 keeps away from the one end at driving motor 51 place, driving motor 51 drive during actuating lever 5 antiport, driving block 6 can be along the length direction of actuating lever 5 is close to the one end at driving motor 51 place. This facilitates the movement and resetting of the drive block 6.
As shown in fig. 3, the detent device 4 includes a base 41, a limit switch 42 disposed on the base 41, an opening and closing motor 43, a driving gear 44, two driven gears 45, and two claw blocks 46, wherein the driving gear 44 is connected to the opening and closing motor 43 in a transmission manner, two sides of the driving gear 44 are respectively engaged with the two driven gears 45, the two claw blocks 46 are respectively connected to the two driven gears 45 in a transmission manner, the two claw blocks 46 are symmetrically disposed on the base 41 with a central axis of the driving gear 44 as a central line, the limit switch 42 is in signal connection with the control system, the opening and closing motor 43 is electrically connected to the control system, and the limit switch 42 is triggered to send an unlocking signal to the control system to control the opening and closing motor 43, so that the driven gear 45 is driven by the driving gear 44 to rotate the claw blocks 46.
The pawl device 4 further includes two bearing seats 47 for mounting the two pawl blocks 46 and the two driven gears 45, and the bearing seats 47 are used for supporting the two pawl blocks 46 to respectively operate with the two driven gears 45.
The opening and closing motor 43 drives the driving gear 44 to rotate, and the two driven gears 45 on both sides of the driving gear 44 rotate in the counterclockwise and clockwise directions, so that the moving directions of the two claw blocks 46 are opposite. The claw block 46 is an arc-shaped member provided with a tip end, and the tip end of the claw block 46 is used for being clamped at the bottom of the jig box 3. When the limit switch 42 is activated to send an unlocking signal to the control system, the two claw blocks 46 rotate in opposite directions, so that the distance between the tips of the two claw blocks is reduced, and the jig box 3 is unlocked.
The bottom of tool box 3 be provided with dog piece 46 matched with draw-in groove 32, dog piece 46 card is located in order to realize in the draw-in groove 32 pawl device 4 with the connection of tool box 3, dog piece 46 still can be along the length direction of draw-in groove 32 slides, still be provided with on the tool box 3 with limit switch 42 matched with spacing groove 33, dog piece 46 slides extremely the end of draw-in groove 32, limit switch 42 card is gone into the spacing inslot 33 and send the release signal extremely control system, control system control opening and closing motor 43 passes through driving gear 44 drive driven gear 45 rotates dog piece 46, so that dog piece 46 deviates from draw-in groove 32.
As shown in fig. 6, when the ratchet device 4 on the driving block 6 drives the jig box 3 to slide, the tip of the claw block 46 is clamped in the slot 32, as shown in fig. 4, when the click device 4 reaches the position of the first sensor 21, the control system controls the drive motor 51 to stop working, the drive block 6 stops sliding, the finger 46 slides along the length of the slot 32 to the end of the slot 32, as shown in fig. 7, the limit switch 42 snaps into the limit groove 33 and sends a release signal to the control system, the control system controls the opening and closing motor 43 to drive the driven gear 45 to rotate the claw blocks 46 through the driving gear 44, the two claw blocks 46 rotate oppositely, so that the distance between the tips of the two is reduced, as shown in fig. 5, the claw piece 46 comes out of the catching groove 32, thereby releasing the jig box 3. Can loosen tool box 3 fast like this, prevent that tool box 3 from staying for a long time, lead to unable continuation slip, influence the test result.
As shown in fig. 4, a first sensor 21 for detecting the position of the jig box 3 is disposed on the slide rail 2, the first sensor 21 is in signal connection with the control system, the first sensor 21 detects that the jig box 3 is in place and sends a signal to the control system, and the control system controls the driving motor 51 to stop working.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a spherical hinge pressing block 34 and an adjusting bolt 35 for fixing the detection component are arranged in the cavity 31 of the jig box 3, the adjusting bolt 35 is inserted into the side wall of the jig box 3, and one end of the adjusting bolt 35 is connected with the spherical hinge pressing block 34. So that no significant wobble is generated during testing of the test part.
As shown in fig. 1, a buffer device 7 for preventing the jig box 3 from being pushed out of the slide rail 2 is further disposed on the mounting base 1, the buffer device 7 includes a baffle 71 and a buffer block 72 disposed on the baffle 71, and the baffle 71 is mounted on the mounting base 1. The material of buffer block 72 is elastic materials such as elastic silica gel or sponge, prevents that tool box 3's inertia is too big, loss testing arrangement. In this embodiment, the buffering devices 7 are respectively disposed at two ends of the mounting base 1 and connected to two ends of the sliding rail 2, and the driving rod 5 is disposed between the two buffering devices 7 and the two sliding rails 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the slide rail 2 is further provided with a second sensor 22 and a third sensor 23 for detecting the position of the jig box 3, and the first sensor 21, the second sensor 22 and the third sensor 23 are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the slide rail 2.
The invention also provides an automatic testing method for detecting the structural compactness of the component, which is realized by the automatic testing device for detecting the structural compactness of the component, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing a detection component into the cavity 31 of the jig box 3, and fixing the detection component through a spherical hinge pressing block 34 and an adjusting bolt 35;
step two: the driving motor 51 drives the driving rod 5 to rotate so that the driving block 6 drives the jig box 3 to slide along the length direction of the slide rail 2;
step three: when the jig box 3 reaches the position of the first sensor 21, the driving motor 51 stops driving the driving rod 5, the jig box 3 slides forward to make the claw block 46 slide to the end of the slot 32 and the limit switch 42 is clamped into the limit slot33, the jig box 3 stops sliding, and simultaneously the limit switch 42 is triggered to enable the pawl device 4 to loosen the jig box 3, so that the jig box 3 slides along the slide rail 2 due to the inertia of the loose part in the detection part; step four: measuring the time when the jig box 3 reaches the second sensor 22 and the third sensor 23 respectively, and setting the time when the jig box 3 reaches the second sensor 22 from the first sensor 21 as T1 and the speed as v1The time when the jig box 3 reaches the third sensor 23 from the second sensor 22 is T2, and the speed is v2；
Step five: if the jig box 3 does not reach the second sensor 22, judging that the structure of the detection part is not loosened, otherwise, judging that the structure of the detection part is loosened; if the time T2 for the jig box 3 to reach the third sensor 23 from the second sensor 22 is greater than the preset threshold MAXT, it is determined that the looseness of the detection part is lower than the lower limit of the quantifiable measurement;
step six: calculating the loosening degree of the detection part: let the total mass of the detecting part be m1The quality of the jig box 3 is m2Mass of the loose part inside the detection part is m3Then, then
Wherein s is2Is the distance between the second sensor 22 and the third sensor 23;
the degree of loosening is then:
and judging whether the detection part needs to be installed again according to the loosening degree of the detection part.
Let s1Is the distance between the first sensor 21 and the second sensor 22,
wherein, the inside loose part quality computational formula of detection part is obtained through following formula:
due to the overall mass m of the different parts under test1The difference is not large, and the mass m of the internal loose part of the part which is directly used can be simplified in the common application scene3The loosening degree of the structure of the component and the mass m of the loosening component inside the component are quantitatively reflected3Inversely proportional to T2, so that only the size of T2 needs to be measured to obtain test results.
Wherein s is1Is 1-2cm, s2The preset threshold value MAXT is 10-20 seconds and is 10-20 cm.
When the jig box 3 starts to slide, the jig box is accelerated to a lower speed which is 0.15-0.25m/s and is generally set to 0.2m/s, the jig box moves 5-10cm at the lower speed and then starts to accelerate to a higher speed for the second time, the higher speed is 0.8-1.5m/s and is generally set to 1m/s, so that collision and vibration of parts which are loosened inside the parts and caused by over-fast acceleration can be avoided, and the driving block 6 can be conveniently controlled to stop at the first sensor 21 in time.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An automatic testing device for detecting the structural tightness of a component comprises a control system and is characterized by further comprising a mounting base (1), a slide rail (2), a jig box (3), a pawl device (4), a driving rod (5) and a driving block (6), wherein the slide rail (2) is mounted on the mounting base (1) and is arranged in parallel with the driving rod (5), a cavity (31) for placing a detection component is arranged on the jig box (3), the jig box (3) is clamped with the slide rail (2) so as to enable the jig box to slide along the length direction of the slide rail (2), the pawl device (4) is arranged on the driving block (6) and is connected with the jig box (3), the driving block (6) is sleeved on the driving rod (5) so as to enable the driving block (6) to slide along the length direction of the driving rod (5), the driving rod (5) drives the driving block (6) and drives the jig box (3) to slide along the length direction of the sliding rail (2) through the pawl device (4) so as to detect the structural tightness of a detection part in the jig box (3).
2. The automatic testing device for detecting the structural tightness of the part according to claim 1, wherein the driving rod (5) is a screw rod with an external thread structure on the surface, the driving block (6) is a ball nut of the screw rod with an internal thread structure matched with the external thread structure, one end of the driving rod (5) is provided with a driving motor (51) electrically connected with the control system, and the driving motor (51) drives the driving rod (5) to rotate so that the driving block (6) slides along the length direction of the driving rod (5).
3. The automatic testing device for detecting the structural tightness of the component according to claim 2, wherein the pawl device (4) comprises a base (41), a limit switch (42) arranged on the base (41), an opening and closing motor (43), a driving gear (44), two driven gears (45) and two pawl blocks (46), the driving gear (44) is in transmission connection with the opening and closing motor (43), two sides of the driving gear (44) are respectively engaged with the two driven gears (45), the two pawl blocks (46) are respectively in transmission connection with the two driven gears (45), the two pawl blocks (46) are symmetrically arranged on the base (41) by taking the central axis of the driving gear (44) as a central line, the limit switch (42) is in signal connection with the control system, and the opening and closing motor (43) is electrically connected with the control system, the limit switch (42) is triggered to send a release signal to the control system to control the opening and closing motor (43), so that the driven gear (45) is driven by the driving gear (44) to rotate the claw block (46).
4. The automatic testing device for detecting the structural tightness of the component according to claim 3, characterized in that a clamping groove (32) matched with the claw block (46) is arranged at the bottom of the jig box (3), the claw block (46) is clamped in the clamping groove (32) to realize the connection of the pawl device (4) and the jig box (3), the claw block (46) can also slide along the length direction of the clamping groove (32), a limit groove (33) matched with the limit switch (42) is further arranged on the jig box (3), the claw block (46) slides to the tail end of the clamping groove (32), the limit switch (42) is clamped in the limit groove (33) and sends a release signal to the control system, the control system controls the opening and closing motor (43) to drive the driven gear (45) to rotate the claw block (46) through the driving gear (44), so that the claw block (46) is out of the clamping groove (32).
5. The automatic testing device for detecting the structural tightness of the component according to claim 4, wherein a first sensor (21) for detecting the position of the jig box (3) is arranged on the sliding rail (2), the first sensor (21) is in signal connection with the control system, the first sensor (21) detects that the jig box (3) is in place and sends a signal of in place to the control system, and the control system controls the driving motor (51) to stop working.
6. The automatic testing device for detecting the structural tightness of the component according to claim 5, wherein a spherical hinge pressing block (34) and an adjusting bolt (35) for fixing the detection component are arranged in a cavity (31) of the jig box (3), the adjusting bolt (35) is inserted into the side wall of the jig box (3), and one end of the adjusting bolt (35) is connected with the spherical hinge pressing block (34).
7. The automatic testing device for detecting the structural tightness of the part according to claim 6, wherein a buffering device (7) for preventing the jig box (3) from being punched out of the slide rail (2) is further arranged on the mounting base (1), the buffering device (7) comprises a baffle plate (71) and a buffering block (72) arranged on the baffle plate (71), and the baffle plate (71) is mounted on the mounting base (1).
8. The automatic testing device for detecting the structural tightness of the part according to claim 7, wherein a second sensor (22) and a third sensor (23) for detecting the position of the jig box (3) are further arranged on the sliding rail (2), and the first sensor (21), the second sensor (22) and the third sensor (23) are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the sliding rail (2).
9. An automatic test method for detecting the structural compactness of a component is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is realized by the automatic testing device for detecting the structural compactness of the component, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing a detection component into a cavity (31) of the jig box (3), and fixing the detection component through a spherical hinge pressing block (34) and an adjusting bolt (35);
step two: the driving motor (51) drives the driving rod (5) to rotate so that the driving block (6) drives the jig box (3) to slide along the length direction of the sliding rail (2);
step three: when the jig box (3) reaches the position of the first sensor (21), the driving motor (51) stops driving the driving rod (5), the jig box (3) slides forwards to enable the claw block (46) to slide to the tail end of the clamping groove (32) and the limit switch (42) to be clamped into the limit groove (33), the jig box (3) stops sliding, the limit switch (42) is triggered to enable the pawl device (4) to loosen the jig box (3), and the jig box (3) slides along the sliding rail (2) due to inertia of a loose part in the detection part;
step four: measuring the time when the jig box (3) respectively reaches the positions of the second sensor (22) and the third sensor (23), and setting the jig boxThe time of the tool box (3) from the first sensor (21) to the second sensor (22) is T1, the speed is v1The time for the jig box (3) to reach the third sensor (23) from the second sensor (22) is T2, and the speed is v2；
Step five: if the jig box (3) does not reach the second sensor (22), judging that the structure of the detection part is not loosened, otherwise, judging that the structure of the detection part is loosened; if the time T2 for the jig box (3) to reach the third sensor (23) from the second sensor (22) is greater than a preset threshold value MAXT, judging that the looseness of the detection part is lower than the lower quantifiable measurement limit;
step six: calculating the loosening degree of the detection part: let the total mass of the detecting part be m1The mass of the jig box (3) is m2Mass of the loose part inside the detection part is m3Then, then
Wherein s is2The distance between the second sensor (22) and the third sensor (23);
the degree of loosening is then:
and judging whether the detection part needs to be installed again according to the loosening degree of the detection part.
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| CN113655381A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2021-11-16 | 枣庄高新建设集团有限公司 | Motor detection is with supplementary accredited testing organization of operation amplitude of rocking |
| CN216746196U (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-06-14 | 山西立讯精密工业有限公司 | Magnet looseness testing jig |
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