CN114764149B - Method for describing favorable phase zone of steep slope gravel rock mass - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for describing a favorable phase zone of a steep slope gravel rock mass, which comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting areas in which a gravel rock mass in a research area develops and is difficult to identify by conventional earthquake; step 2, extracting an instantaneous phase data body and a cosine phase data body of the three-dimensional seismic data; step 3, performing well-seismic combined calibration by using a conventional earthquake to determine the reflection characteristics of different phase zones of gravel rock masses in a phase data body; step 4, dividing the deposition period by using the instantaneous phase data volume; and 5, distinguishing different phase zones of the glutenite sectors by utilizing the cosine phase data area, and tracking and describing the favorable phase zones. The method for describing the favorable phase zone of the gravel rock mass in the steep slope has strong operability in production practice, and plays an important role in improving the description accuracy of the gravel rock mass reservoir and guiding exploration and development in the development process of the gravel rock reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploration and development, in particular to a method for describing a favorable phase zone of a steep slope gravel rock body.
Background
The gravel rock mass can be generally divided into a sector root, a sector middle and a sector end facies zone, and the facies zone is favorable to generally refer to a sector middle facies zone with relatively developed reservoir pores and relatively good oil content. Because the glutenite sector phase is fast, the reservoir heterogeneity is extremely strong, the favorable phase zone is difficult to describe, the oil content and the productivity difference of the real drilling well are large, and the development effect is seriously influenced. The conventional description method is to summarize seismic reflection characteristics of different facies of the gravel rock by using three-dimensional seismic data which are subjected to special processing such as prestack time migration, prestack depth migration and the like, establish a seismic facies mode and guide the description and analysis of the gravel rock reservoir. However, in the process of practical application in different areas, the discovery that the gravel rock mass has large buried depth, a speed change block and complex inner canopy period, the conventional seismic profile gravel rock mass has low longitudinal resolution, the reflection characteristic difference of different phase bands is not obvious, the boundary is not clear, the geological multi-solution is strong, and the requirements of development and production are difficult to meet.
In application No.: in chinese patent application CN202010258225.2, it relates to a method for describing a gravel rock phase zone based on velocity dispersion factor, which comprises the following steps: step 1, extracting the velocity dispersion attribute of each phase of a glutenite reservoir; step 2, extracting the conventional seismic attributes of each period, and selecting the dominant attributes capable of assisting the phase zone description; step 3, combining the velocity dispersion attribute with the glutenite dominant attribute to divide the glutenite phase sub-facies zone; and 4, step 4: the well data is used to further verify the correctness of the secondary phase zone division. The method can well complete the description of the glutenite phase sub-phase zone, and extracts the velocity dispersion attribute of each phase on the basis of the completion of the gravel rock phase explanation.
In the application No.: in chinese patent application CN201811397883.9, a description method suitable for volcanic overflow phase favorable reservoir is involved, which includes: acquiring and identifying a plurality of logging drillability parameters A in a volcanic region, wherein a region with a small index value A is a volcanic overflow phase favorable reservoir zone; the exponential formula for a is: a = lg (3.282/nt)/lg (0.06847 w/d × ρ); t-pressure balance drilling time, min/m; n-rotating speed of the rotating disc, r/min; w-weight on bit, kN; d-drill diameter, mm; rho-drilling fluid density, g/cm3.
In application No.: CN201510977425.2, which relates to a fine drawing and predicting method for foreland basin alluvial fan. The method mainly comprises the following steps: establishing a foreland basin alluvial fan geological model, establishing a stratigraphic frame of the alluvial fan, defining a plane distribution range of the alluvial fan by a seismic phase and attribute inversion circle, inverting and dividing facies zone boundaries of the alluvial fan at each period by a three-dimensional electrical method, finely identifying internal lithofacies, determining spatial distribution characteristics of the lithofacies, analyzing longitudinal evolution of the alluvial fan by applying OpenDtect software, and establishing a deposition mode of the alluvial fan in a research area.
The prior art is greatly different from the invention, and the technical problems which are wanted to be solved are not solved, so that a novel method for describing the favorable phase zone of the steep slope gravel rock mass is invented.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for describing a favorable phase zone of a gravel rock mass in a steep slope with accurate identification of the favorable phase zone and high coincidence degree with a real drilling well.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: the method for describing the favorable phase zone of the steep slope gravel rock mass comprises the following steps:
and 5, distinguishing different phase zones of the glutenite sectors by utilizing the cosine phase data area, and tracking and describing the favorable phase zone.
The object of the invention can also be achieved by the following technical measures:
in the step 1, a steep slope gravel rock mass is selected for development, and conventional earthquake homophase axis reflection is disordered, so that the method is beneficial to areas with difficult phase zone description.
In step 1, the region where the favorable facies zone is difficult to describe refers to a region where the seismic resolution is low, the continuity of the seismic event is poor, and the description is difficult to track.
In step 2, the seismic attribute extraction function of the Geofram software is utilized, original seismic data are selected as input, an instantaneous phase data volume and a cosine phase data volume are respectively extracted, and two three-dimensional data volume data are output.
In step 2, extracting a data volume, inputting a conventional seismic data volume by using Geofram software, and after Hilbert transformation, solving the arctangent of the ratio of an imaginary part to a real part to obtain an instantaneous phase data volume and a cosine phase data volume; the cosine is calculated for the instantaneous phase, all peaks and troughs of the seismic data are normalized to the same level and converted to a continuous parameter.
In step 3, the well-seismic combined calibration calculates a reflection coefficient by adopting an acoustic wave and density curve in the logging information, wavelet is extracted by using a seismic channel beside the well, the wavelet and the reflection coefficient are subjected to convolution to obtain a synthetic seismic record, the synthetic seismic record is compared and adjusted with a seismic section, the correspondence between the well information of a depth domain and the seismic information of a time domain is realized by moving up and down, stretching and shortening, and the seismic wave velocity characteristic of a local area is determined by multi-well calibration.
In step 3, after the well seismic calibration is realized, the data of rock core, well logging and oil test production are comprehensively analyzed, the phase zone division of a single well is determined, and then the change point positions of different phase zones on the phase data body near the well and the corresponding same-phase axis reflection characteristics of the different phase zones are obtained.
In step 3, different phase bands have obvious response differences on the cosine phase data volume: the fan root phase zone is shown as multi-stage superposition and is super-covered on the surface of the basement rock at a high angle or is reflected by a block blank; the inclination angle of the same phase axis of the middle phase zone of the fan is reduced, sub-parallel medium continuous reflection is presented, the lamellar characteristic is obvious, and the phase change is clear; the fan-end facies zone is generally staggered and superposed with lake facies mudstone, the continuity of the same phase axis is good, and the inclination angle is approximately horizontal.
In step 4, the continuity of the sub-interfaces of the gravel rock periods on the original seismic section is poor and difficult to track and describe, the sub-interfaces of the instantaneous phase section periods are continuous and clear, the gravel rock fan bodies are reflected obviously in a wedge shape, description is started from the opposite parallel homophase axes of lake-phase mudstones, tracking is gradually carried out on the gravel rock fan bodies until the strong reflection of the bedrock surface is terminated, and the tracking and description of the single-period gravel rock fan bodies are completed, so that the period division of the gravel rock bodies in the longitudinal direction is realized.
In step 5, the phase band division needs to be performed on the basis of the phase band interpretation in step 4, so as to ensure the orderliness and isochronism of the phase band description of each phase.
In step 5, the cosine phase data body can highlight the change of the inner curtain facies zone of the glutenite fan body, the earthquake event axis continuity of the fan root facies zone is poor, the inclination angle is large, the fan root facies zone is overlapped in a staggered mode, and the fan root facies zone is in a wedge shape and is covered on the bedrock surface; the same phase axis of the middle phase zone of the fan presents sub-parallel reflection, the dip angle of the stratum is small, different periods of longitudinal superposition are carried out, and the product is withdrawn from the depth to the shallow direction towards the source direction; the phase zone in the fan and the fan root have obvious inclination angle difference, and earthquake homophase axes at the contact positions of the two are mutually staggered; the dip angle of the facies zone at the fan end is closest to that of lake facies mudstone, the earthquake homophase axes are parallel and continuous, dip angle change points exist between the facies zone and the fan facies zone, and the connection line of the change points is used as the outer envelope of the facies zone in the glutenite fan.
In step 5, according to the reflection characteristics of each phase zone of the gravel rock mass on the cosine phase seismic section summarized above, the outer envelope, the middle phase zone and the root phase zone of the gravel rock fan body are respectively described, so that the distribution range of the favorable phase zone of the gravel rock fan body is drawn.
The method for describing the favorable phase zone of the steep slope gravel rock mass emphasizes that the gravelly rock mass is subdivided periodically and the favorable phase zone boundary is finely depicted in the evaluating, developing and producing stages of the gravelly oil deposit, and guides the oil-gas exploration, development and deployment of the gravelly rock mass. According to the method for describing the favorable phase zone of the steep slope gravel rock mass, the steep slope gravel rock mass is selected to develop, and the conventional earthquake with disordered reflection of the same phase axis is favorable for areas where the phase zone is difficult to describe; then extracting an instantaneous phase data body and a cosine phase data body of the three-dimensional seismic data; well-seismic combined calibration is carried out by utilizing conventional earthquake, and the reflection characteristics of different phase zones of the gravel rock mass in a phase data volume are determined; and finally, dividing the deposition period by using the instantaneous phase data body, and dividing different phase zones of the gravel rock fan body by using the cosine phase data body, thereby realizing the description of the favorable phase zone of the gravel rock. The method has the advantages of accurate identification of the favorable facies zone, high coincidence degree with a real well, strong operability in production practice, and plays an important role in improving the description accuracy of the gravel rock reservoir and guiding exploration and development in the gravel rock reservoir development process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a raw seismic profile in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an instantaneous phase in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cosine phase in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of dividing different bands by cosine phase profiles according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method for describing the advantageous phase zone of the steep-slope gravel rock mass according to the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The identification difficulty of the gravel rock mass on a conventional seismic section is high, the lithology of the sub-gravel rock sectors at each stage is changed quickly, the sectors are mutually overlapped in the longitudinal direction, the continuity of the same phase axis is poor, and the sub-stage interface is not clear; in addition, different facies of the glutenite sector in the same period are difficult to distinguish, which is favorable for the identification of the facies with great difficulty. The invention provides a method for describing a favorable phase zone of a steep slope gravel rock body.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the method for describing the advantageous phase zone of the steep slope gravel rock body of the invention as shown in fig. 5. The method for describing the favorable phase zone of the steep slope gravel rock mass comprises the following steps:
103, performing well-seismic combined calibration by using a conventional earthquake to determine the reflection characteristics of different phase zones of the gravel rock mass in a phase data volume; the well-seismic combined calibration generally adopts acoustic waves and density curves in logging data to calculate reflection coefficients, utilizes well-side seismic channels to extract wavelets, calculates and convolutes the wavelets and the reflection coefficients to obtain synthetic seismic records, compares the synthetic seismic records with seismic profiles and adjusts the synthetic seismic records, realizes the correspondence between well data in a depth domain and seismic data in a time domain by moving up and down, stretching, shortening and the like, and can clarify the seismic wave velocity characteristics of a local area and improve the calibration accuracy by multi-well calibration.
After the well seismic calibration is realized, the phase belt division of a single well can be determined by utilizing the comprehensive analysis of data such as rock cores, well logging, oil test production and the like, and then the change point positions of different phase belts on a phase data body near the well and the corresponding same-phase axis reflection characteristics of the different phase belts are obtained. Different phase bands will typically have significant response differences on the cosine phase data volume: the fanroot facies zones are usually represented by multi-stage superposition, and are super-coated on the surface of a basement rock at a high angle, or are reflected by a blocky blank; the inclination angle of the same phase axis of the middle phase zone of the fan is reduced, sub-parallel medium continuous reflection is presented, the lamellar characteristic is obvious, and the phase change is clear; the fan-end facies zone is generally staggered and superposed with lake facies mudstone, the continuity of the same phase axis is good, and the inclination angle is approximately horizontal.
the gravel rock phase sub-interface on the original seismic profile is poor in continuity and difficult to track and describe, the instantaneous phase profile phase sub-interface is continuous and clear, the gravel rock sector is obviously reflected in a wedge shape, description can be started from the opposite parallel homophase axis of the left lake phase mudstone, tracking is gradually carried out on the right gravel rock sector, and tracking and describing of the single-phase gravel rock sector are completed until strong reflection of the bedrock surface is terminated, so that the longitudinal phase division of the gravel rock is realized.
105, distinguishing different phase zones of the glutenite sand fan body by utilizing the cosine phase data area, and tracking and describing the favorable phase zone;
the phase belt division needs to be carried out on the basis of the phase explanation in the step 4), so that the order and the isochronism of the phase belt description in each phase are ensured.
The cosine phase data volume can highlight the change of the curtain facies zones in the glutenite sector. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cosine phase section, which shows that the continuity of the earthquake event-like axis of the sector root phase zone is poor, the inclination angle is large, the sector root phase zone and the earthquake event-like axis are overlapped in a staggered manner and form a wedge shape to be super-covered on the bedrock surface; the same phase axis of the middle phase zone of the fan presents sub-parallel reflection, the dip angle of the stratum is small, different periods of longitudinal superposition are carried out, and the product is withdrawn from the depth to the shallow direction towards the source direction; the phase zone in the fan and the root zone have obvious inclination angle difference, and the earthquake homophase axes at the contact positions of the two zones are mutually staggered. The dip angle of the facies zone at the fan end is closest to that of lake facies mudstone, the earthquake homophase axes are parallel and continuous, dip angle change points exist with the facies zone in the fan, and the connecting line of the change points can be used as an outer envelope of the facies zone in the glutenite fan.
Example 1:
in the specific example 1 to which the present invention is applied, the following description will explain the implementation of the present invention in detail by taking a description of the advantageous phase zone of a gravel rock mass in a certain research area as an example.
Through analyzing the seismic data quality in the research area, select the comparatively developmental area of abrupt slope area gravel rock mass, can see from figure 1 that the basement rock face reflection is relatively clear on the original seismic profile of the same material source direction of crossing well 2, but the gravel rock mass reflection of developing on it is comparatively mixed and disorderly, and earthquake homophase axis amplitude difference is big, and the description is difficult to track to the earthquake position, and the interior curtain facies area divides the degree of difficulty big.
the seismic attribute extraction function of Geofram software is utilized, original seismic data are selected as input, an instantaneous phase data body and a cosine phase data body are respectively extracted, and two three-dimensional data body data are output.
And 3, performing well-seismic combined calibration by using a conventional earthquake to determine the reflection characteristics of different phase zones of the gravel rock mass in the phase data volume.
And respectively introducing acoustic time difference and lithologic density curves into the wells 1-4 of the local area, respectively calibrating the synthetic seismic records, realizing the correspondence between the well data of the depth area and the seismic data of the time area, and determining the seismic wave velocity characteristic of the local area through multi-well calibration so as to improve the calibration accuracy. After calibration, the seismic reflection characteristics of different facies can be determined according to the single-well facies belt division corresponding to the earthquake, as shown in FIG. 3.
And 4, dividing the deposition period by using the instantaneous phase data volume.
As can be seen by comparing FIG. 2 with FIG. 1, the instantaneous phase section highlights the continuity of the seismic event more than the original seismic section. The gravel rock phase sub-interface on the original seismic profile is poor in continuity and difficult to track and describe, the instantaneous phase profile phase sub-interface is continuous and clear, the gravel rock sector is obviously reflected in a wedge shape, description can be started from the opposite parallel homophase axis of the left lake phase mudstone, tracking is gradually carried out on the right gravel rock sector, and tracking and describing of the single-phase gravel rock sector are completed until strong reflection of the bedrock surface is terminated, so that the longitudinal phase division of the gravel rock is realized.
And 5, distinguishing different phase zones of the glutenite sectors by utilizing the cosine phase data area, and tracking and describing the favorable phase zones.
The cosine phase data volume can highlight the change of the curtain facies zones in the glutenite sector. As shown in fig. 4, which is a partially enlarged cosine phase section, it can be seen that the continuity of the earthquake event in the sector root facies zone is poor, the inclination angle is large, the facies zones are staggered and superposed, and the facies zones are in a wedge shape and super-cover the bedrock surface; the same phase axis of the fan middle phase band presents sub-parallel reflection, the dip angle of the stratum is small, longitudinal superposition is carried out at different periods, and the product is withdrawn from the depth to the shallow direction towards the source direction; the phase zone in the fan and the root zone have obvious inclination angle difference, and the earthquake homophase axes at the contact positions of the two zones are mutually staggered. The dip angle of the facies zone at the fan end is closest to that of lake facies mudstone, the earthquake homophase axes are parallel and continuous, dip angle change points exist with the facies zone in the fan, and the connecting lines of the change points can be used as the outer envelope of the facies zone in the conglomerate fan.
According to the reflection characteristics of each phase zone of the gravel rock mass on the cosine phase seismic section summarized above, the outer envelope, the middle phase zone and the root phase zone of the gravel rock sector can be respectively described, as shown in fig. 4, so that the distribution range of the favorable phase zone of the gravel rock sector is carved.
Example 2:
in the specific embodiment 2 to which the invention is applied, the seismic data is depth domain three-dimensional data of prestack depth migration, and the implementation process of the invention is described in detail by taking the description of the favorable phase zone of the gravel rock as an example.
Through carrying out the analysis to the seismic data quality in the study area, this regional earthquake is three-dimensional for prestack degree of depth migration data, in the comparatively growing region of abrupt slope area gravel rock mass, the basement rock face reflection is relatively clear, but the gravel rock mass reflection of growing on it is comparatively mixed and disorderly, and earthquake homophase axis amplitude difference is big, and the description is difficult to track to the earthquake horizon, and the interior curtain facies area divides the degree of difficulty big.
the seismic attribute extraction function of Geofram software is utilized, original seismic data are selected as input, an instantaneous phase data body and a cosine phase data body are respectively extracted, and two three-dimensional data body data are output.
And 3, performing well-seismic combined calibration by using a conventional earthquake to determine the reflection characteristics of different phase zones of the gravel rock mass in the phase data volume.
Because the conventional seismic data of the research area is prestack depth migration, the three-dimensional seismic data are depth domain data, and the well-to-seismic correspondence is good, the well-to-seismic combination calibration is not needed. The seismic reflection characteristics of different facies can be determined according to the single well facies belt division and corresponding to the earthquake.
And 4, dividing the deposition period by using the instantaneous phase data volume.
The continuity of the stage sub-interface of the gravel rock mass on the original seismic profile is poor and difficult to track and describe, the stage sub-interface of the three-dimensional instantaneous phase profile of the depth domain is continuous and clear, the gravel rock sector is obviously reflected in a wedge shape, the stage sub-interface can be described by the opposite parallel homophase axis of the left lake-phase mudstone, the tracking towards the right gravel rock sector is gradually carried out, and the tracking and describing of the single-stage gravel rock sector are completed until the strong reflection of the bedrock surface is terminated, so that the stage division of the gravel rock mass in the longitudinal direction is realized.
And 5, distinguishing different phase zones of the glutenite sectors by utilizing the cosine phase data area, and tracking and describing the favorable phase zones.
The depth domain three-dimensional cosine phase data body can also highlight the change of the screen phase zone in the glutenite fan body. The earthquake homophase axes of the fan root facies belt have poor continuity and large inclination angle, are overlapped in a staggered way and are in a wedge shape to be coated on the surface of the bedrock; the same phase axis of the middle phase zone of the fan presents sub-parallel reflection, the dip angle of the stratum is small, different periods of longitudinal superposition are carried out, and the product is withdrawn from the depth to the shallow direction towards the source direction; the phase zone in the fan and the root zone of the fan have obvious inclination angle difference, and earthquake homophase axes at the contact positions of the two zones are mutually staggered. The dip angle of the facies zone at the fan end is closest to that of lake facies mudstone, the earthquake homophase axes are parallel and continuous, dip angle change points exist with the facies zone in the fan, and the connecting line of the change points can be used as an outer envelope of the facies zone in the glutenite fan.
According to the reflection characteristics of each phase zone of the gravel rock mass on the cosine phase seismic section summarized above, the outer envelope, the middle phase zone and the root phase zone of the gravel rock fan body can be described respectively, so that the distribution range of the favorable phase zone of the gravel rock fan body is drawn.
Example 3:
in the embodiment 3 to which the present invention is applied, the target zone is currently not drilled due to the low degree of exploration. This example illustrates the implementation of the invention in detail with the description of the favored phase zone of a gravel rock mass as an example.
The steep slope zone of the sedimentary depression edge is generally a region where gravel rock mass develops, and by analyzing the seismic data quality of the steep slope zone in the research region, the reflection of the bed rock surface on the original seismic section is relatively clear, the shape of the gravel rock mass can be identified, but the period and the boundary of the fan body cannot be accurately depicted.
the seismic attribute extraction function of Geofram software is utilized, original seismic data are selected as input, an instantaneous phase data body and a cosine phase data body are respectively extracted, and two three-dimensional data body data are output.
And 3, because the local area has no well drilling, the three-dimensional seismic data of the local area cannot be calibrated by using well data. This step may be skipped.
And 4, dividing the deposition period by using the instantaneous phase data volume.
The instantaneous phase section highlights the continuity of the seismic event more than the original seismic section. The gravel rock phase sub-interface on the original seismic profile is poor in continuity and difficult to track and describe, the instantaneous phase profile phase sub-interface is continuous and clear, the gravel rock sector is obviously reflected in a wedge shape, description can be started from the opposite parallel homophase axis of the left lake phase mudstone, tracking is gradually carried out on the right gravel rock sector, and tracking and describing of the single-phase gravel rock sector are completed until strong reflection of the bedrock surface is terminated, so that the longitudinal phase division of the gravel rock is realized.
And 5, distinguishing different phase zones of the glutenite sectors by utilizing the cosine phase data area, and tracking and describing the favorable phase zone.
The cosine phase data volume can highlight the change of the screen phase zone in the glutenite sector. The continuity of the earthquake event same-phase axis of the sector root facies zone is poor, the inclination angle is large, the sector root facies zone earthquake same-phase axis is overlapped in a staggered way, and the sector root facies zone earthquake same-phase axis is in a wedge shape and is super-covered on the bedrock surface; the same phase axis of the fan middle phase band presents sub-parallel reflection, the dip angle of the stratum is small, longitudinal superposition is carried out at different periods, and the product is withdrawn from the depth to the shallow direction towards the source direction; the phase zone in the fan and the root zone of the fan have obvious inclination angle difference, and earthquake homophase axes at the contact positions of the two zones are mutually staggered. The dip angle of the facies zone at the fan end is closest to that of lake facies mudstone, the earthquake homophase axes are parallel and continuous, dip angle change points exist with the facies zone in the fan, and the connecting lines of the change points can be used as the outer envelope of the facies zone in the conglomerate fan.
According to the reflection characteristics of each phase zone of the gravel rock mass on the cosine phase seismic section summarized above, the outer envelope, the middle phase zone and the root phase zone of the gravel rock fan body can be described respectively, so that the distribution range of the favorable phase zone of the gravel rock fan body is drawn.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition to the technical features described in the specification, the technology is known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The method for describing the favorable phase zone of the steep slope gravel rock mass is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, selecting areas in which a gravel rock mass in a research area develops and is difficult to identify by conventional earthquake;
step 2, extracting an instantaneous phase data body and a cosine phase data body of the three-dimensional seismic data;
step 3, performing well-seismic combined calibration by using a conventional earthquake to determine the reflection characteristics of different phase zones of the gravel rock mass in a phase data volume;
step 4, dividing the deposition period by using the instantaneous phase data volume;
step 5, distinguishing different phase zones of the conglomerate sector by utilizing the cosine phase data area, and tracking and describing the favorable phase zone;
in step 5, the division of the phase bands needs to be carried out on the basis of the phase band explanation in step 4, so that the order and isochronism of the phase band description in each phase are ensured; the cosine phase data body can highlight the change of the screen facies zone in the glutenite fan body, the earthquake event axis continuity of the fan root facies zone is poor, the inclination angle is large, the fan root facies zone is overlapped in a staggered mode and is in a wedge shape to be coated on the bedrock surface; the same phase axis of the middle phase zone of the fan presents sub-parallel reflection, the dip angle of the stratum is small, different periods of longitudinal superposition are carried out, and the product is withdrawn from the depth to the shallow direction towards the source direction; the phase zone in the fan and the fan root have obvious inclination angle difference, and earthquake homophase axes at the contact positions of the two are mutually staggered; the dip angle of the stratum of the fan-end facies zone is closest to that of lake facies mudstone, the earthquake homophase axes are parallel and continuous, dip angle change points exist between the earthquake homophase axes and the fan-end facies zone, and the connecting line of the change points is used as an outer envelope of the facies zone of the conglomerate fan; according to the reflection characteristics of each phase zone of the gravel rock mass on the cosine phase seismic section summarized above, the outer envelope, the middle phase zone and the root phase zone of the gravel rock fan body are respectively described, so that the distribution range of the favorable phase zone of the gravel rock fan body is drawn.
2. The method for describing the favorable phase zone of the steep slope gravel rock mass according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, a region where the steep slope gravel rock mass is developed and the conventional earthquake with disordered reflection of the same phase axis and difficult description of the favorable phase zone is selected.
3. The method for describing the favorable phase zone of the steep slope gravel rock body according to the claim 2, wherein in the step 1, the region where the favorable phase zone is difficult to describe is a region where the seismic resolution is low, the continuity of seismic event axes is poor, and the description is difficult to track.
4. The method for describing the favorable facies zone of the steep zone gravel rock mass according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the seismic attribute extraction function of Geofram software is utilized, original seismic data are selected as input, an instantaneous phase data body and a cosine phase data body are respectively extracted, and two three-dimensional data body data are output.
5. The method for describing the favorable facies zone of the steep zone gravel rock mass according to the claim 1, characterized in that in the step 3, the well-seismic combined calibration adopts the sound wave and density curve in the logging information to calculate the reflection coefficient, the well-side seismic channel is used for extracting the wavelet, the wavelet and the reflection coefficient are calculated and convoluted to obtain the synthetic seismic record, the synthetic seismic record is compared and adjusted with the seismic profile, the corresponding of the well information of the depth domain and the seismic information of the time domain is realized by moving up and down, stretching and shortening, and the seismic wave velocity characteristic of the local area is determined by multi-well calibration.
6. The method for describing the favorable phase zone of the steep-slope gravel rock body according to claim 5, wherein after the well seismic calibration is realized in step 3, the phase zone division of a single well is determined by comprehensively analyzing data such as rock cores, well logging and oil test production, and then the change point positions of different phase zones on the phase data body near the well and the corresponding same-phase axis reflection characteristics of the different phase zones are obtained.
7. The method for describing the favorable phase zone of the steep-slope gravel rock body according to claim 6, wherein in step 3, different phase zones have obvious response difference on a cosine phase data body: the fan root phase zone is shown as multi-stage superposition and is super-covered on the surface of the basement rock at a high angle or is reflected by a block blank; the inclination angle of the same phase axis of the phase belt in the fan is reduced, sub-parallel medium continuous reflection is presented, the lamellar characteristic is obvious, and the periodic change is clear; the fan-end facies zone is generally staggered and superposed with lake facies mudstone, the continuity of the same phase axis is good, and the inclination angle is approximately horizontal.
8. The method for describing the favorable phase zone of the steep slope gravel rock mass according to claim 1, wherein in step 4, the continuity of the periodic sub-interface of the gravel rock mass on an original seismic section is poor and difficult to track and describe, the periodic sub-interface of the instantaneous phase section is continuous and clear, the gravel rock sector presents obvious wedge-shaped reflection, the tracking description of the single-phase gravel rock sector is completed by starting from the opposite parallel homophase axes of lake phase mudstone, gradually tracking towards the gravel rock sector and ending the strong reflection of a bedrock surface, and therefore the periodic division of the gravel rock mass in the longitudinal direction is realized.
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