CN110412649B - Identification method of single-stage underwater diversion river channel - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for identifying a single-stage underwater diversion river channel. The identification method comprises the following steps: 1) in a braided river delta, dividing the period of each well drill encountering sand bodies according to the thickness of the target layer from a mark layer; 2) researching the sedimentary microfacies of the sand bodies in the same period, and analyzing the spreading direction of the underwater diversion river; 3) in the distribution direction of the underwater diversion river channels, determining the contact relation of sand bodies of the underwater diversion river channels of adjacent wells through forward analysis, and dividing each branch river channel; 4) and determining the spread range of each branch river channel of the single-stage underwater diversion river channel by combining the seismic attributes and the boundaries of the seismic inversion prediction sand bodies. The method for identifying the single-stage underwater diversion river channel can determine the spread range of each branch river channel of the single-stage underwater diversion river channel, can more clearly display the lithology of the facies zone and the space change of the lithofacies of the front edge of the braided river delta, and further can provide technical support for the exploration and development of complex lithologic oil and gas reservoirs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum exploration and development, and particularly relates to a method for identifying a single-phase underwater diversion river channel.
Background
Along with the increasing of oil and gas exploration degree, the geological object of exploration and development is smaller and is more and more concealed, mainly be the sand body that the scale is little and thin, these sand bodies are because the development period is more and divide and belong to different branch river courses, and the sand body plane heterogeneity is strong, leads to the well position to deploy the degree of difficulty greatly, seriously restricts the exploration and development process of oil and gas reservoir.
At present, many attempts are made on the aspects of a forming mechanism, an exploration and development method and the like of the sand body of the single-stage underwater diversion river channel aiming at the identification of the sand body of the single-stage underwater diversion river channel, but due to the complexity of the sand body of the single-stage underwater diversion river channel, a set of complete identification technology system is not formed at present, and the effect of the exploration and development of the complex lithologic oil and gas reservoir is influenced.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN106777440A discloses a method for predicting width of an underwater diversion river at a front edge of a delta, which includes: statically identifying underwater diversion river microphase according to the sedimentary microphase diagram of the small layer; carrying out dynamic analysis on the typical well group, and dynamically dividing a single-stage river channel; measuring the identified underwater diversion river channel of the typical well group through the logging phase and the rock core data to obtain quantitative parameters of the underwater diversion river channel; establishing a relation between the width of the river channel sand body and the thickness of the single-stage sand body, solving quantitative parameters such as a width-thickness ratio and the like, establishing a regression formula, and predicting the underwater diversion river channel sand body. The prediction method can qualitatively describe the distribution of the underwater diversion river channels and quantitatively describe the width of the river channels, but due to the complexity of sand bodies of the single-period underwater diversion river channels, the prediction method cannot clearly show the space change of each branch river channel of the underwater diversion river channels.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for identifying a single-stage underwater diversion river channel, which aims to solve the problem that the space change of each branch river channel of the underwater diversion river channel cannot be clearly shown in the conventional method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the identification method of the single-phase underwater diversion river channel is as follows:
a method for identifying a single-stage underwater diversion river channel comprises the following steps:
1) in a braided river delta, dividing the period of each well drill encountering sand bodies according to the thickness of the target layer from a mark layer;
2) researching the sedimentary microfacies of the sand bodies in the same period, and analyzing the spreading direction of the underwater diversion river;
3) in the distribution direction of the underwater diversion river channels, determining the contact relation of sand bodies of the underwater diversion river channels of adjacent wells through forward analysis, and dividing each branch river channel;
the method for determining the contact relation of the sand bodies of the underwater diversion riverways of the adjacent wells through forward analysis comprises the following steps:
establishing a geological model under the condition that sand bodies of adjacent wells are communicated, analyzing the actual seismic section of the adjacent wells by forward modeling, wherein the seismic response characteristics are represented by continuous same-phase axes, and if the response characteristics are consistent with the forward modeling, judging the adjacent wells as a river channel;
two geological models under the condition that the sand bodies of the adjacent wells are not communicated are established: firstly, a sand body model which is not overlapped in the longitudinal direction shows that the seismic response characteristic is discontinuous in the same phase axis through forward modeling; secondly, the sand body is overlapped in the longitudinal direction, and the seismic response characteristic is expressed as that the same phase axis is distorted through forward modeling; analyzing the actual seismic sections of the adjacent wells, and if the response characteristics show that the in-phase axis is discontinuous or the in-phase axis is twisted, judging that the adjacent wells are two river channels;
4) and determining the spread range of each branch river channel of the single-stage underwater diversion river channel by combining the seismic attributes and the boundaries of the seismic inversion prediction sand bodies.
The method for identifying the single-stage underwater diversion river channel can determine the spread range of each branch river channel of the single-stage underwater diversion river channel, can more clearly display the lithology of the facies zone and the space change of the lithofacies of the front edge of the braided river delta, and further can provide technical support for the exploration and development of complex lithologic oil and gas reservoirs.
Step 1) is a period division process of sand encountering bodies of various well drills, and the period division process is based on the principle that river channel sediments in the same period have equal top interfaces, and the thickness of the top interfaces from a mark layer is approximately equal; in order to further improve effectiveness and adaptability of sand body period division, preferably, in the step 1), the step of dividing the period of each well drilling encountering sand bodies is to select a mudstone mark layer covering a target layer to level the layer, count the thickness from the sand top of each well to the top of the mark layer, and take the thickness as the period thickness of the sand bodies; the thicknesses of sand bodies of adjacent wells in the period are respectively h1、h2，h1≥h2According to (h)1-h2) And h1Judging whether the sand bodies belong to the same period or not according to the ratio; if the ratio is more than 30%, judging that the sand bodies of the adjacent wells belong to different periods; and if the ratio is not more than 30%, judging that the sand bodies of the adjacent wells belong to the same period.
In order to better show the lithology of the facies zones and the spatial variation of the lithofacies of the front edge of the braided river delta, preferably, in the step 2), the research on the sedimentary microfacies of the sand bodies of the same period refers to that sedimentary microfacies including an underwater diversion river channel, a estuary dam and mat-shaped sand are divided on the plane of the sand bodies of the same period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison diagram of a layer leveling sand body in an embodiment of the identification method of a single-stage underwater diversion river channel of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a forward geological model and a forward section under the condition of sand body communication according to the embodiment of the identification method of the single-stage underwater diversion river channel of the invention;
fig. 3 is a forward geological model map and a forward section map which are not superposed under the condition that sand bodies are not communicated according to the embodiment of the identification method for the single-stage underwater diversion river channel of the invention;
fig. 4 is a superposed forward geological model diagram and a forward section diagram in the case of non-communication sand bodies according to the embodiment of the identification method for a single-stage underwater diversion river channel of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a two-well actual seismic profile of an embodiment of the identification method of a single-phase underwater diversion river of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a seismic inversion wave impedance attribute diagram of an embodiment of the identification method of a single-stage underwater diversion river channel of the invention;
fig. 7 is a microphase diagram of deposition of a target well region according to an embodiment of the identification method of a single-stage underwater diversion river channel of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention mainly identifies the single-stage underwater diversion river channel by the following principles: in a braided river delta, the top boundary of river channel sediments at the same period is equal, and the thickness of the top surface from the marker layer is approximately equal, so that the period of drilling each well in sand can be divided according to the thickness; then researching the sedimentary microfacies of the sand bodies in the same period through technologies such as core description, logging facies analysis and the like, and analyzing the spreading direction of the underwater diversion river; in the distribution direction of the underwater diversion river channels, determining the contact relation of sand bodies of the underwater diversion river channels of adjacent wells through forward analysis, and dividing each branch river channel; and then determining the spread range of each branch river channel of the single-stage underwater diversion river channel by combining the seismic attributes and the boundaries of the seismic inversion prediction sand bodies.
Preferably, in step 3), a geological model under the condition of sand body communication of adjacent wells is established, namely, a seismic horizon is used for controlling a stratum framework, the geological model with the sand body communication at the same phase is established, and the target layers of two wells under the model are the same river channel. And (3) analyzing the actual seismic section of the adjacent well by forward modeling, wherein the seismic response characteristic shows that the same phase axis is continuous, and if the response characteristic shows that the response characteristic is consistent with the forward modeling, judging that the adjacent well is a river channel.
In order to better reflect the spatial distribution of the sand bodies under the condition of non-communication, preferably, in the step 3), a model which is not overlapped in the longitudinal direction of the sand bodies is established, namely, a stratum framework is controlled by using a seismic horizon, a geological model which is not overlapped in the longitudinal direction of the sand bodies in the same period is established, the target layers of two wells under the model are different river channels, and the seismic response characteristics are expressed as same-phase axis discontinuity through forward simulation; the method for establishing the model with the sand bodies superposed in the longitudinal direction means that the seismic horizon is used for controlling a stratum framework, a geological model with the sand bodies superposed in the longitudinal direction in the same period is established, the target layers of two wells under the model are different river channels, and the seismic response characteristics are shown as that the homophase axes are distorted through forward modeling. Analyzing the actual seismic sections of the adjacent wells, and if the response characteristics show that the in-phase axes are discontinuous or the in-phase axes are twisted, judging that the adjacent wells are two river channels.
In order to more clearly display the boundaries of the sand bodies, preferably, in step 4), the step of predicting the boundaries of the sand bodies refers to distinguishing the boundaries of the sand bodies according to the seismic attributes and the amplitude strength changes of the inversion attributes of the target layer, wherein the strong amplitude indicates that the sand bodies are developed, and the weak amplitude indicates that the sand bodies are not developed.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the practice of the invention.
The specific embodiment of the identification method of the single-stage underwater diversion river channel adopts the following steps:
1) dividing the period of each well drilling encountering sand body: selecting a mudstone mark layer on a target layer to level the layer and carrying out fine stratum comparison, counting the thickness from the sand top (the top surface of the target layer) of each well to the top surface of the mark layer, taking the thickness as the period thickness of sand bodies, wherein the period thicknesses of the sand bodies of adjacent wells are h1、h2，h1≥h2According to (h)1-h2) And h1Judging whether the sand bodies belong to the same period or not according to the ratio; if the ratio is more than 30%, judging that the sand bodies of the adjacent wells belong to different periods; and if the ratio is not more than 30%, judging that the sand bodies of the adjacent wells belong to the same period.
In FIG. 1 (SP-Natural potential, GR-Natural Gamma, AC-sonic time Difference, RT-formation true resistivity), adjacent wells 73-1 and 88, the thickness of the top of the target zone from the top of the marker zone was 11 meters and 15 meters, respectively, with a ratio of 26.7% to less than 30%. And judging that the sandstone target layer of the 73-1 well and the sandstone target layer of the 88 well belong to the same period, performing period division on all adjacent wells of the well zone according to the method, and counting that the target layer belongs to the same period.
2) Analyzing the spreading direction of the underwater diversion river channel: on the basis of determining the period of each well sand body, a sediment microfacies comprising an underwater diversion river channel, a estuary dam and mat-shaped sand is divided on the plane of the sand body of the same period, and the spreading direction of the river channel is determined by combining a sediment source.
3) The method for determining the contact relationship of the underwater diversion river sand bodies of the adjacent wells comprises the following steps:
3.1 establishing a geological model under the condition of adjacent well sand body communication, and representing seismic response characteristics as continuous in-phase axis through forward modeling; analyzing the actual seismic sections of the adjacent wells, and if the actual seismic sections show the response characteristics consistent with the forward modeling, judging that the adjacent wells are a river channel. As shown in fig. 2, by using the forward modeling function of the rock physics forward modeling software (RokDoc software), a geological model (dotted line) with sand body communication is established for the target layers of 73-1 well and 88 well by using the seismic horizon and the well logging curve, the generated forward seismic profile has continuous same-phase axis (dotted line in fig. 2), the actual seismic profile of two wells shown in fig. 5 shows that the same-phase axis is discontinuous, and is not consistent with the characteristics of the same-phase axis of the forward seismic profile generated in fig. 2, and the target layers of 73-1 well and 88 well do not belong to the same river channel.
3.2 two geological models under the condition that the sand bodies of the adjacent wells are not communicated are established:
firstly, a sand body model which is not overlapped in the longitudinal direction shows that the seismic response characteristic is discontinuous in the same phase axis through forward modeling; as shown in fig. 3, a geologic model (dotted line) with non-overlapped sand bodies is established for the target layers of 73-1 well and 88 wells by using the seismic horizon and the well log through the forward modeling function of the rock physics forward modeling software (RokDoc software), and the generated forward seismic profile is discontinuous on the same-phase axis (dotted line in fig. 3).
Secondly, the sand body is overlapped in the longitudinal direction, and the seismic response characteristic is expressed as that the same phase axis is distorted through forward modeling; as shown in fig. 4, a geologic model (dotted line) with superposed sand bodies is established for the target layers of 73-1 well and 88 wells by using the seismic horizon and the well log through the forward modeling function of the rock physics forward modeling software (RokDoc software), and the generated forward seismic section is distorted with the same phase axis (dotted line in fig. 4).
Analyzing the actual seismic sections of the adjacent wells, if the response characteristics show that the same-phase axes are discontinuous or the same-phase axes are twisted, judging that the adjacent wells are two river channels and determining the relative contact relation of sand bodies according to the types of the response characteristics, wherein the actual seismic sections of the two wells shown in the figure 5 show that the same-phase axes are discontinuous and accord with the same-phase axes characteristics of the forward-modeling section generated in the figure 3, and the target layers of the 73-1 well and the 88 well are different river channels and the sand bodies are not overlapped.
3.3 repeating the first step and the second step for all the adjacent wells in the well area in sequence to divide all the branch river channels.
4) Determining the spreading range of each branch river channel: carrying out fine interpretation on seismic data, extracting seismic attributes, predicting the boundary of single-stage sand bodies by combining seismic well constraint inversion, determining the spread range of each branch river channel of the single-stage underwater diversion river channel, and drawing out the spread of the sedimentary microfacies plane. And distinguishing sand body boundaries according to the seismic attributes of the target layers of the 73-1 well and the 88 well and the amplitude strength change of the inversion attributes, wherein the amplitude strength shows that sand bodies are developed, the amplitude weakness shows that the sand bodies are not developed, and the sand body boundaries are shown by dotted lines in FIG. 6. And (3) combining the sand body boundary and the contact relation of the sand bodies of the adjacent wells, sketching out a sedimentary microfacies (figure 7), namely determining the spreading range of the branch river channel.
It can be known from the comparison results of fig. 6 and fig. 7 that the coincidence degree between the planar distribution information of the sedimentary microfacies in the research area and the actual drilling dynamic and static data is high, and the sedimentary microfacies planar distribution information obtained by the embodiment can clearly show the spatial variation of the underwater diversion river, so that the identification method of the single-phase underwater diversion river provided by the embodiment can provide a powerful means for the sedimentary microfacies distribution of the reservoir, and related achievements have guiding significance for the well position deployment of the complex lithologic oil and gas reservoir.
Claims (3)
1. A method for identifying a single-stage underwater diversion river channel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) in a braided river delta, dividing the period of each well drill encountering sand bodies according to the thickness of the target layer from a mark layer;
2) researching the sedimentary microfacies of the sand bodies in the same period, and analyzing the spreading direction of the underwater diversion river;
3) in the distribution direction of the underwater diversion river channels, determining the contact relation of sand bodies of the underwater diversion river channels of adjacent wells through forward analysis, and dividing each branch river channel;
the method for determining the contact relation of the sand bodies of the underwater diversion riverways of the adjacent wells through forward analysis comprises the following steps:
establishing a geological model under the condition that sand bodies of adjacent wells are communicated, analyzing the actual seismic section of the adjacent wells by forward modeling, wherein the seismic response characteristics are represented by continuous same-phase axes, and if the response characteristics are consistent with the forward modeling, judging the adjacent wells as a river channel;
two geological models under the condition that the sand bodies of the adjacent wells are not communicated are established: firstly, a sand body model which is not overlapped in the longitudinal direction shows that the seismic response characteristic is discontinuous in the same phase axis through forward modeling; secondly, the sand body is overlapped in the longitudinal direction, and the seismic response characteristic is expressed as that the same phase axis is distorted through forward modeling; analyzing the actual seismic sections of the adjacent wells, and if the response characteristics show that the in-phase axis is discontinuous or the in-phase axis is twisted, judging that the adjacent wells are two river channels;
4) and determining the spread range of each branch river channel of the single-stage underwater diversion river channel by combining the seismic attributes and the boundaries of the seismic inversion prediction sand bodies.
2. The method for identifying the single-stage underwater diversion river channel according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the stage of dividing the drilling of each well into sand bodies is to select a mudstone mark layer covered on a target layer to level the layer, count the thickness from the sand top of each well to the top of the mark layer, and take the thickness as the stage thickness of the sand bodies; the thicknesses of sand bodies of adjacent wells in the period are respectively h1、h2，h1≥h2According to (h)1-h2) And h1Judging whether the sand bodies belong to the same period or not according to the ratio; if the ratio is more than 30%, determining that the sand body of the adjacent well belongs toDifferent times; and if the ratio is not more than 30%, judging that the sand bodies of the adjacent wells belong to the same period.
3. The method for identifying a single-stage underwater diversion river channel according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the step of researching the sedimentary microfacies of the same-stage secondary sand bodies refers to the step of dividing sedimentary microfacies including the underwater diversion river channel, the estuary dam and the mat-shaped sand on the same-stage secondary sand bodies on a plane.
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| CN113536520B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2022-10-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for simulating meandering stream river channel migration |
| CN111624678A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-04 | 长江大学 | Method for dividing high-precision sequence stratum by using concurrent river channel development elevation |
| CN112180467A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-01-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | River channel microphase carving method for conglomerate oil reservoir |
| CN114594526B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2023-07-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Quantitative evaluation method for plane connectivity between river-phase sand bodies |
| CN112782760B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-07-29 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Method for dissecting braided river reservoir structure by using discontinuous boundaries of seismic reservoir |
| CN112684512B (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2023-09-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | River channel identification method |
| CN112904450B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2023-08-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | River facies sandstone deposition facies identification method |
| CN113721298B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2023-11-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Reservoir prediction description method for underwater diversion river channel at deposition end |
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