CN114717714A - 一种防弹机织物的织造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明实施例公开了一种防弹机织物的织造方法。该织造方法包括使用10～12片综框，其中主组织8片综框，边纱组织2～4片综框，采用顺穿法穿综，钢筘每筘两入，采用剑杆织机将经纱和纬纱按组织图设计交织成织物，剑杆织机织造时的主轴转速为250～300r/min；所述防弹机织物的最小组织有8根经纱，8根纬纱，所述防弹机织的经纱密度为150～400根/10cm，纬纱密度为150～400根/10cm。本发明的防弹机织物在多曲面防弹衣的制作中更具有优势，同时具有更好的力学性能和防弹性能，本发明的应用方向可以是减重替代目前大量使用平纹组织的机织防弹毯、制作内穿式防弹衣或多曲面式防弹衣。
Description
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及防护材料技术领域，具体涉及一种防弹机织物的织造方法。
背景技术
超高分子量聚乙烯纤维及芳纶纤维是目前大规模应用的防弹产品原材料。具体的半成品防弹织物主要有机织布和无纬布两种，其中，机织布即用织机织造而成的包含多种织物组织的几组纱线相互交织而成的布；无纬布即单向多根纱线预浸胶粘剂后平铺制成的纤维片料，纱线不交织。无纬布片料变形较为困难，可塑性差。目前常用的防弹机织布多为平纹织物，织物具有一定的变形量，但在较大变形情况下仍会出现褶皱，穿着舒适性差，并且平纹织物具有较多的交织点，对子弹冲击波的传导有负面作用。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供一种防弹机织物的织造方法，该防弹机织物具有双层组织结构，双层织物相较于单层织物纱线有更大的移动空间，在受到子弹冲击时产生更大的变形量，有利于纱线拉伸性能的发挥，同时织物选用的斜纹组织较平纹组织，交织点更少，对子弹冲击波的传导更具有优势，同时还具有更好的可塑性，可用于多曲面形状防弹衣等产品的制作，更加贴合人体，提高了穿着舒适性。在相同面密度的条件下，与平纹织物相比本专利发明的织物拥有更高的1.1g破片的V50值即更优秀的防弹性能。
为了实现上述目的，本发明实施例提供如下技术方案：
根据本发明实施例的第一方面，本发明实施例提供一种防弹机织物的织造方法，包括：
使用10～12片综框，其中主组织8片综框，边纱组织2～4片综框，采用顺穿法穿综，钢筘每筘两入(两根经纱穿入同一钢筘的筘齿中)；采用剑杆织机将经纱和纬纱按组织图设计交织成织物，剑杆织机织造时的主轴转速为250～300r/min；；所述防弹机织物的最小组织有8根经纱，8根纬纱，所述防弹机织的经纱密度为150～400根/10cm，纬纱密度为150～400根/10cm。
本发明中，所述经纱和纬纱采用高性能纤维，作为示例，可以选用芳纶纤维、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维、PBO中的一种或几种。
本发明中，所述经纱和纬纱的线密度为100dtex～1000dtex。其中线密度与经纬密相关，较低的线密度需要提高经纬密。
本发明中，所述经纱和纬纱预先进行加捻，捻向为z捻或s捻，捻度为10～50捻/10cm。加捻可以增加纱线的耐磨性能，便于织机织造时开口，同时加捻可以使纤维的断裂强力提高，提高防弹性能。
本发明中，所述防弹机织物织物组织的接结方式选用里经接结法、表经接结法或联合接结法中的一种。
优选的是，为了使织物可以吸收更多的子弹动能，具有更优异的防弹性能，可以对织物进行后处理，以增大织物中纱线之间的摩擦力，使纱线不容易抽拔滑移。所述后处理方法包括：在织物表面附着粒子、涂覆软质胶粘剂或使用剪切增稠液增强。
本发明中，所述使用剪切增稠液增强的方法具体包括：将所述织物浸渍剪切增稠液后，再进行挤压、烘干工艺；其中，所述剪切增稠液的制作方法包括：将二氧化硅粒子分散到聚乙二醇中，所述剪切增稠液的固含量为20～40％；所述挤压的压力为0.5～4MPa，所述烘干的温度为90～120℃。
根据本发明实施例的第二方面，本发明提供一种防弹机织物，由如上任一所述的织造方法制得。
本发明实施例具有如下优点：
本发明提供的防弹机织物，相较于平纹织物织物更加柔软，在多曲面防弹衣的制作中更具有优势，同时具有更好的防弹性能，在相同面密度的条件下，拥有更高1.1g破片的V50值(对防弹层射击时，使完全穿透概率为50％的投射物的平均着靶速度，与防弹性能正相关)。本发明的应用方向可以是减重替代目前大量使用平纹组织的机织防弹毯、制作内穿式防弹衣或多曲面式防弹衣。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明的实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是示例性的，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图引伸获得其它的实施附图。
本说明书所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容得能涵盖的范围内。
图1为本发明实施例提供的防弹机织物的主组织采用表经接结法的上机图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的防弹机织物的主组织采用里经接结法的上机图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的防弹机织物的主组织采用联合接结法的上机图；
图4为本发明对比例1提供的防弹机织物的主组织的上机图。
其中，■：表经表纬交织点；×：里经里纬交织点；□：投里纬时，表经不提起；○：投里纬时，表经提起；△：投表纬时，里经提起。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。实施例中所使用的试验方法如无特殊说明，均视为常规方法；所使用的材料、试剂等，如无特别说明，均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1
本实施例提供的防弹机织物的织造方法包括如下步骤：
1)选用a型，线密度为930dtex芳纶纱线，对纱线进行加捻，z向捻度，20捻/10m；
2)使用分条整经机，经密150根/10cm，织物整经幅宽1.6m；
3)使用多尼尔剑杆织机，10片综框，8片主组织，2片边组织，顺穿法穿综，每筘两入，织机主轴转速250r/min，织造纬密为150根/10cm，采用表经接结法按组织图设计织造织物，最终织物面密度为280g/m2，防弹机织物的主组织的上机图见图1。
实施例2
本实施例提供的防弹机织物的织造方法包括如下步骤：
对实施例1织造的织物浸渍于固含量为25％的剪切增稠液中，之后在压力1MPa下进行挤压、在温度120℃下进行烘干，所得织物面密度为285g/m2。
其中，剪切增稠液的制作方法：向75g聚乙二醇中加入25g二氧化硅粒子，分散均匀即得。
对比例1
本对比例提供的防弹机织物的织造方法包括如下步骤：
1)选用a型，线密度为930dtex芳纶纱线；
2)使用分条整经机，经密150根/10cm，幅宽1.6m；
3)使用多尼尔剑杆织机，顺穿法穿综使用10片综框，8片主组织，2片边组织，每筘两入，织机主轴转速250r/min，织造平纹织物，织物面密度为283g/m2，防弹机织物的主组织的上机图见图4。
测试例1
参照标准：GB/T 3923.1-2013《纺织品织物拉伸性能第1部分：断裂强力和断裂伸长率的测定(条样法)》对实施例1、对比例1制备的机织布的经向力学性能及纬向力学性能进行测试，测试仪器：Instron万能试样机。
结果见表1和表2。
表1机织物经向力学性能测试结果
表2机织物纬向力学性能测试结果
从测试结果看，在相同纱线、经纬密的条件下，本发明实施例提供的机织物具有更好的力学性能。力学性能与防弹能力具有正相关，可以间接证明织物拥有更好的防弹性能。
测试例2
对实施例1-2、对比例1的织物进行柔软度对比，将织物沿经向和纬向裁剪成250mm×50mm宽的试样，将试样平行间隔1-2cm铺放在桌面上，使用压板将三种试样一同沿长度方向推出桌面，在推出长度为10cm时，从侧面查看试样悬垂角度可间接得出织物柔软度。结果见表3。
表3机织物柔软度对比测试结果
| 试样名称 | 经向织物夹角 | 纬向织物夹角 |
| 实施例1 | 36° | 35° |
| 实施例2 | 34° | 34° |
| 对比例1 | 29° | 32° |
从测试结果看，本发明实施例提供的机织物具有更好的柔软性。
测试例3
使用实施例1和对比例1制作两个面密度为5.5kg的靶片，送检测试靶片的1.1g破片V50值(对防弹层射击时，使完全穿透概率为50％的投射物的平均着靶速度，与防弹性能正相关)。试验记录见表4和表5。
表4实施例1V50试验记录
表5对比例1V50试验记录
测试结果为：实施例1织物的V50值为601.8m/s，对比例1织物的V50值为528.3m/s。与对比例1织物相比，实施例1织物的V50值提高14％。测试结果表明，本发明制作的织物在同种面密度的情况下，V50值较平纹组织有所提高，具有更优异的防弹性能，可作为防弹毯等防护产品的原材料。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种防弹机织物的织造方法，其特征在于，包括：
使用10～12片综框，其中主组织8片综框，边纱组织2～4片综框，采用顺穿法穿综，每筘两入，采用剑杆织机将经纱和纬纱按组织图设计交织成织物，剑杆织机织造时的主轴转速为250～300r/min；所述防弹机织物的最小组织有8根经纱，8根纬纱，所述防弹机织的经纱密度为150～400根/10cm，纬纱密度为150～400根/10cm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防弹机织物的织造方法，其特征在于，所述经纱和纬纱选自芳纶纤维、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维、PBO中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防弹机织物的织造方法，其特征在于，所述经纱和纬纱的线密度为100dtex～1000dtex。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防弹机织物的织造方法，其特征在于，所述经纱和纬纱预先进行加捻，捻向为z捻或s捻，捻度为10～50捻/10cm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的防弹机织物的织造方法，其特征在于，所述防弹机织物织物组织的接结方式选用里经接结法、表经接结法或联合接结法中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的防弹机织物的织造方法，其特征在于，所述织造方法还包括对所述织物进行后处理，所述后处理方法包括：在织物表面附着粒子、涂覆软质胶粘剂或使用剪切增稠液增强。
7.根据权利要求6所述的防弹机织物的织造方法，其特征在于，所述使用剪切增稠液增强的方法具体包括：将所述织物浸渍于剪切增稠液后，再进行挤压、烘干工艺；其中，所述剪切增稠液的制作方法包括：将二氧化硅粒子分散到聚乙二醇中，所述剪切增稠液的固含量为20～40％；所述挤压的压力为0.5～4MPa，所述烘干的温度为90～120℃。
8.一种防弹机织物，其特征在于，由权利要求1-7中任一项所述的织造方法制得。
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