CN114709609A - Circularly polarized microstrip antenna with low-profile, high-gain and wide-axial-ratio wave beams - Google Patents

Circularly polarized microstrip antenna with low-profile, high-gain and wide-axial-ratio wave beams Download PDF

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CN114709609A
CN114709609A CN202210481616.XA CN202210481616A CN114709609A CN 114709609 A CN114709609 A CN 114709609A CN 202210481616 A CN202210481616 A CN 202210481616A CN 114709609 A CN114709609 A CN 114709609A
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patch
rectangular groove
rectangular
antenna
slot
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CN114709609B (en
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郑博文
袁博
王高峰
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Hangzhou Dianzi University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H01Q13/106—Microstrip slot antennas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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Abstract

The invention discloses a circularly polarized microstrip antenna with a low-profile, high-gain and wide-axial-ratio wave beam. The structure is that on the basis of the traditional microstrip patch antenna, a slot is formed in the diagonal direction of the surface of a radiating patch, so that current on the patch flows along the slot edge, the path lengthening of the current is equivalent to inductor cascade connection, and the resonant frequency of the antenna is reduced. In addition, the parasitic capacitance of the introduced slot and the parasitic inductance of the via hole can be equivalent to an LC circuit, and the LC circuit is used for adjusting double resonance frequency points excited by the antenna on the working frequency band, so that the frequency ratio is reduced while the 90-degree phase difference is ensured to be generated, and the circularly polarized wave of a wider axial ratio wave beam is obtained. Structurally, the whole antenna is symmetrical, unnecessary coupling interference can be reduced, and the 3-dB axial ratio beam symmetry of the antenna is optimized. In addition, the structure of the antenna is relatively simple, the effect is obvious, and the method is easy to realize.

Description

Circularly polarized microstrip antenna with low-profile, high-gain and wide-axial-ratio wave beams
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of circularly polarized microstrip antennas, and particularly relates to a circularly polarized microstrip antenna with a low profile, a high gain and a wide axial ratio, in particular to a circularly polarized microstrip antenna capable of realizing the low profile, the high gain and the wide axial ratio on a WIFI frequency band.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, linear polarization antennas are not enough to meet the requirements of people on various application occasions, so that different requirements are provided for the performance and the form of the antennas, and circular polarization antennas can receive electromagnetic waves with any polarization by virtue of unique polarization characteristics, can also receive radiation waves sent by any polarization antenna, and play more and more important roles in many wireless applications.
Two common feed types for circularly polarized antennas: single-fed and double-fed. Obviously, the single feed antenna is easier to manufacture, because it can realize 90 ° phase difference without external feed network by introducing geometric disturbance, which is beneficial to the miniaturized design of the antenna, is easier to integrate, and is also more suitable for wireless communication system. The receiving and transmitting antennas of modern wireless communication systems mostly adopt circularly polarized antennas, which benefit from the unique polarization characteristics on one hand, and have extremely strong anti-interference capability on the other hand. The linear polarization antenna is easy to polarize and deflect in the transmission process to cause signal attenuation, polarization waves emitted by the circular polarization antenna can reverse the rotation direction when being incident to a symmetrical target (such as a plane, a spherical surface and the like), electromagnetic waves with different rotation directions have polarization isolation with larger numerical values, and the problem caused by polarization mismatch and multipath interference between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna can be remarkably reduced by the circular polarization antenna.
The basic principle of radiation of a circularly polarized patch antenna is to generate two mutually perpendicular linearly polarized electric field components, then the amplitudes of the components are equal, the phase difference is 90 degrees, and theoretically, AR can be 0dB, but in practical engineering application, complete circular polarization does not exist, and the axial ratio is generally required to be not more than 3 dB.
The reported single-feed circularly polarized antenna has the aspect ratio bandwidth which is mostly a more important index for an antenna designer, but often neglects another important index, namely the aspect ratio beam width. The axis of a conventional microstrip antenna is very narrow compared to the beam due to its high frequency ratio. For a single-layer circularly polarized patch antenna, a parasitic structure is generally introduced to improve the 3-dB axial ratio beam width, such as a square ring, a T-shaped groove, and the like. While this approach may relatively increase the axial ratio beamwidth, it may subsequently reduce the impedance bandwidth and antenna gain. In addition, some take the form of folded dipoles, however, this approach results in a narrower 3-dB half-power beamwidth and a relatively large antenna structure. In order to improve the integration of the device, a miniaturized circular polarized antenna with a wide axial ratio and a high gain of a beam is attracting attention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a circularly polarized microstrip antenna with low-profile high-gain wide-axial-ratio wave beams, which is characterized in that based on the traditional microstrip patch antenna, a slot is formed in the diagonal direction of the surface of a radiation sheet, so that the current on the patch flows along the slot edge, the path lengthening of the current is equivalent to inductance cascade connection, and the resonant frequency is reduced. In addition, the parasitic capacitance of the introduced slot and the parasitic inductance of the via hole can be equivalent to an LC circuit, and the LC circuit is used for adjusting double resonance frequency points, so that the frequency ratio is reduced while the 90-degree phase difference is ensured to be generated, and the purpose of widening the axial ratio beam bandwidth is achieved. It is worth mentioning that the antenna size is not increased by the slotting of the patch and the introduction of the two pairs of via-hole patches, the structure is simple, the effect is remarkable, and the method is easy to implement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a circularly polarized microstrip antenna with low profile, high gain and wide axial ratio comprises
A dielectric substrate (1);
a radiation patch (2) which is located on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (1);
a system floor (3) which is located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (1);
a coaxial feed port (8) which is perpendicular to the radiating patch (2) and the system floor (3);
the radiation patch (2) is of a square structure, the center positions of four sides of the radiation patch are respectively provided with a notch, and the notches are respectively provided with a metal patch; the metal patch is provided with a via hole, and the metal patch is connected with the system floor (3) through the via hole; a gap is reserved between the metal patch and the radiation patch (2);
the radiation patch (2) is provided with a rectangular groove row (4); the rectangular groove column (4) comprises a second rectangular groove (6), a third rectangular groove (16), a fifth rectangular groove (7) and a sixth rectangular groove (15) which are not in contact with each other; the central lines of the second rectangular groove (6) and the third rectangular groove (16) are positioned on the same straight line, and the second rectangular groove (6) and the third rectangular groove (16) are arranged in central symmetry around the center of the radiation patch (2); the fifth rectangular groove (7) and the sixth rectangular groove (15) are arranged in an axisymmetrical manner with respect to the straight line where the second rectangular groove (6) and the third rectangular groove (16) are located; the straight lines where the second rectangular groove (6) and the third rectangular groove (16) are located are superposed with the diagonal line of the radiation patch (2); the fifth rectangular groove (7) and the sixth rectangular groove (15) are arranged in parallel with the straight line where the second rectangular groove (6) and the third rectangular groove (16) are located;
preferably, the rectangular groove array (4) further comprises a first rectangular groove (5) and a fourth rectangular groove (17) which are not in contact with each other, and the first rectangular groove (5) and the fourth rectangular groove (17) are located at two ends of a straight line where the second rectangular groove (6) and the third rectangular groove (16) are located;
preferably, the distances from the via holes of the two metal patches opposite to the radiation patch (2) to the center of the radiation patch (2) are the same; but the distance between the via holes of the adjacent metal patches and the center of the radiation patch is different;
preferably, each metal patch has the same width as the gap between the two walls of the notch;
preferably, the radiation patch (2) is positioned at the midpoint of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (1);
preferably, the two metal patches opposite to the radiation patch (2) have the same width as the gap of the radiation patch (2);
preferably, the two metal patches opposite to the radiation patch (2) have the same size;
preferably, the radiation patch (2) is of a central symmetry structure, the first rectangular groove (5) and the fourth rectangular groove (17) are consistent in size, the second rectangular groove (6) and the third rectangular groove (16) are consistent in size, and the fifth rectangular groove (7) and the sixth rectangular groove (15) are consistent in size;
preferably, the coaxial feed port (8) is arranged between the gap between the metal patch and the antenna radiation sheet and the third rectangular groove (16) and the fifth rectangular groove (7);
preferably, the groove widths of the second rectangular groove (6), the third rectangular groove (16), the fifth rectangular groove (7), the sixth rectangular groove (15), the first rectangular groove (5) and the fourth rectangular groove (17) are all smaller than 0.01 working wavelength;
preferably, the centers of the via holes (13) on the two metal patches opposite to the radiation patch (2), the center of the long side of the metal patch where the current via hole (13) is located, and the center of the radiation patch (2) are all located on the same straight line.
The working principle is as follows:
the rectangular groove row (4) arranged along the diagonal line on the radiation patch (2) is composed of a first rectangular groove (5), a second rectangular groove (6), a third rectangular groove (16), a fourth rectangular groove (17), a fifth rectangular groove (7) and a sixth rectangular groove (15). The slot on the patch cuts off the original surface current path, increases the 'flow path' of the surface current of the patch, and equivalently introduces the cascade inductance in the equivalent circuit of the antenna. Since the slot is narrow, it can be modeled as inserting an infinitely thin transverse magnetic wall in the patch, so that the induced current is mostly concentrated near the slot. And the slot along the diagonal direction can control the surface current of the patch to excite a polarization degenerate mode with the phase difference of 90 degrees according to the dual principle of magnetic current, so that circular polarization radiation is better realized. The second rectangular slot (6) and the third rectangular slot (16) are symmetrical about the center, on the one hand, in order to obtain a more symmetrical circularly polarized wave, and on the other hand, in order to reduce the frequency ratio of the double resonance frequencies, the lower frequency ratio allowing a better circularly polarized beam width. On the basis, the first rectangular groove (5) and the fourth rectangular groove (17) which are symmetrical are added, so that the length of the narrow slit can be increased under the condition that the second rectangular groove (6) and the third rectangular groove (16) are not influenced as much as possible, and the circular polarization performance is optimized. The rectangular grooves are equivalent to a plurality of pairs of magnetic dipoles, so that the current on the patch is mainly concentrated around the rectangular grooves, the resonant frequency is reduced along with the introduction of the cascade inductor, and the size miniaturization of the antenna is realized. In addition, a fifth rectangular groove (7) and a sixth rectangular groove (15) are added, which is used for reducing the costCoupling polarization introduced by incomplete symmetry of the low diagonal rectangular slot and the feed end ensures EθAnd with
Figure BDA0003627700420000031
Closer together in the theta direction, a wider 3-dB beamwidth is achieved.
Two pairs of metal patch pairs are arranged around the radiation patch (2), the gap between the two pairs of metal patch pairs and the central radiation patch is equivalent to a parasitic capacitor, via holes on the two pairs of metal patch pairs can be equivalent to a parasitic inductor to form an LC resonance circuit, the resonance frequency of the antenna is adjusted, the resonance frequency can be reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna structure is realized. The two pairs of metal patch pair structures are symmetrical about a center in order to reduce coupling interference from the asymmetrical structures. The gap distance, the position of the via hole and the aperture size can directly influence the corresponding lumped parameter values, and the working frequency of the antenna can be changed by adjusting the parameters. The opposing vias are at a uniform distance from the center of the radiating patch, but the lateral and longitudinal via distances are different in order to produce a sum of θ
Figure BDA0003627700420000041
Different degrees of polarization in the direction, optimizing Etheta and
Figure BDA0003627700420000042
the index of (2) realizes better circular polarization performance.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts the rectangular grooves arranged orderly on the radiation patch, can effectively increase the 'path' of the surface current of the patch, equivalently leads in the inductance cascade, reduces the resonant frequency of the antenna, and does not need to increase the physical size of the antenna like the traditional microstrip patch antenna. In addition, two pairs of metal patches are arranged on the periphery of the radiation patch, a gap in the radiation patch can be equivalent to a parasitic capacitor, a via hole in the metal patch can be equivalent to a parasitic inductor to form an LC equivalent circuit, the resonant frequency of the antenna is effectively adjusted, the frequency ratio of the two resonant frequencies of the antenna can be reduced, and the wider axial ratio beam width is obtained.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a circularly polarized microstrip antenna structure with a low-profile, high-gain, and wide-axis-ratio beam.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a circularly polarized microstrip antenna structure for low-profile high-gain aspect ratio beams.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a circularly polarized microstrip antenna radiating patch 2 for a low-profile high-gain aspect ratio beam.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of the S parameters of a circularly polarized microstrip antenna with low profile, high gain, and wide aspect ratio beams measured by simulation software.
FIG. 5 shows the circularly polarized microstrip antenna with low profile, high gain and wide axial ratio of the beams measured by simulation software
Figure BDA0003627700420000043
And
Figure BDA0003627700420000045
axial ratio beam width results plot.
FIG. 6 shows the low-profile high-gain wide-axial-ratio circularly polarized microstrip antenna with low-profile high-gain wide-axial-ratio beams measured by simulation software
Figure BDA0003627700420000044
And
Figure BDA0003627700420000046
the time pattern.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to embodiments and drawings for better understanding of the technical solutions, design objects, and advantages of the present invention, and the specific embodiments used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like as used herein are used for better distinguishing between similar or symmetrical structures for the convenience of the reader and the understanding of the reader, and are not to be construed as limiting the structure to the terms.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a schematic top view of a circularly polarized microstrip antenna structure of a low-profile high-gain wide-axis-ratio beam according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate 1, a radiation patch 2, a system floor 3, and a rectangular slot array 4, wherein the radiation patch 2 is located at the center of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and a certain blank area is left on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1. The design position of the patch is also to make the structure more symmetrical on the whole, which is beneficial to the antenna to generate a symmetrical directional pattern. The rectangular groove columns are introduced to change the current path on the surface of the patch, and are equivalent to inductance cascade connection, so that the resonant frequency of the antenna is reduced under the condition that the size of the patch is not increased.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a circularly polarized microstrip antenna structure with a low-profile, high-gain, and wide-axis-ratio beam. The first patch 10, the second patch 12, the third patch 19 and the fourth patch 21 are all provided with through holes 13, and the through holes on different patches are different in distance from the center of the radiation patch 2. The radiating patches on the upper surface are excited by a coaxial feed through the ground plane and dielectric layer, said coaxial feed port 8 being orthogonal to the radiating patches 2 and the system ground plane 3. Based on the structure, the via hole is used for introducing parasitic inductance, and an LC circuit is formed by the parasitic capacitance introduced by the slot, so that the resonant frequency of the antenna is better adjusted, the frequency ratio of double resonant frequencies is reduced, and the circularly polarized wave of wider axial ratio wave beams is obtained.
As shown in fig. 3, the slot, slit and patch are all symmetric about the center of the patch. The radiation patch 2 is of a square structure, the center positions of four sides of the radiation patch are respectively provided with a notch, and a first patch 10, a second patch 12, a third patch 19 and a fourth patch 21 are respectively arranged at the positions of the four notches; the first patch 10 and the fourth patch 21 have the same size, and the second patch 12 and the third patch 19 have the same size; the left and right sides of the first patch 10, the second patch 12, the third patch 19 and the fourth patch 21 are as wide as the fifth gap 14 between the radiation patches 2, the first gap 9 and the fourth gap 20 which are as wide as the left and right sides of the first patch 10, the fourth patch 21 and the radiation patches 2 are respectively reserved, and the second gap 11 and the third gap 18 which are as wide as the left and right sides of the second patch 12, the third patch 19 and the radiation patches 2 are respectively reserved;
the radiation patch 2 is provided with a rectangular groove row 4; the rectangular groove array 4 comprises a first rectangular groove 5, a second rectangular groove 6, a third rectangular groove 16, a fourth rectangular groove 17, a fifth rectangular groove 7 and a sixth rectangular groove 15 which are sequentially arranged and are not in contact with each other; the central lines of the first rectangular groove 5, the second rectangular groove 6, the third rectangular groove 16 and the fourth rectangular groove 17 are positioned on the diagonal line of the radiation patch 2, and the second rectangular groove 6 and the third rectangular groove 16 are arranged in central symmetry with respect to the center of the radiation patch 2; the fifth rectangular groove 7 and the sixth rectangular groove 15 are arranged in an axisymmetrical manner with respect to the straight line where the second rectangular groove 6 and the third rectangular groove 16 are located;
the distance between the via holes of the two metal patches opposite to the radiation patch (2) and the center of the radiation patch (2) is the same; but the distance between the via holes of the adjacent metal patches and the center of the radiation patch is different.
The first rectangular groove 5 and the fourth rectangular groove 17 are identical in size, the second rectangular groove 6 and the third rectangular groove 16 are identical in size, and the fifth rectangular groove 7 and the sixth rectangular groove 15 are identical in size.
The coaxial feed port 8 is arranged between the third rectangular slot 16, the fifth rectangular slot 7 and the first slot 9.
In some more specific embodiments, the first slot 9 is located between the first patch 10 and the radiating patch 2, the second slot 11 is located between the second patch 12 and the radiating patch 2, the third slot 18 is located between the third patch 19 and the radiating patch 2, and the fourth slot 20 is located between the fourth patch 21 and the radiating patch 2. Based on the structure, the two pairs of patches on the periphery of the patches are relatively symmetrical, and the size of the parasitic capacitance brought by the structure can be changed by adjusting the size of the gap between the patches, so that the resonant frequency of the antenna is adjusted.
In some specific embodiments, the radiating patch 2 is symmetrical about the center, the first rectangular slot 5 and the fourth rectangular slot 17 are the same size, the second rectangular slot 6 and the third rectangular slot 16 are the same size, and the fifth rectangular slot 7 and the sixth rectangular slot 15 are the same size. In some more specific embodiments, the fifth rectangular slot 7 and the sixth rectangular slot 15 are disposed on both sides of the first rectangular slot 5, the second rectangular slot 6, the third rectangular slot 16, and the fourth rectangular slot 17. Rectangular channel on the paster all is paster diagonal direction and distributes, and rectangular channel is listed as 4 overall structure centrosymmetries, can change the distribution of surface current on the paster through the length and width of adjusting the groove, perhaps adjusts the distance of both sides groove apart from middle groove, obtains the required resonance mode of design.
In some specific embodiments, the center of the coaxial feeding port 8 is substantially collinear with the center of the vertical via 13, and the coaxial feeding port 8 is disposed between the third rectangular slot 16, the fifth rectangular slot 7 and the first slot 9. The excitation source is positioned as far as possible on the center line of the patch, so that it is easier to obtain circularly polarized waves.
In some specific embodiments, the centers of the four vias 13 are located on the middle line of the long sides of the first patch 10, the second patch 12, the third patch 19, and the fourth patch 21, respectively. The structure of the through hole is symmetrical in the center line of the long edge of the patch, unnecessary coupling interference is reduced, and the 3-dB axial ratio wave beam symmetry of the antenna is optimized.
In some specific embodiments, the dielectric substrate 1 is made of a teflon glass cloth-coated copper foil plate, i.e., F4B material, and has a thickness of 1.575 mm.
In some embodiments, fig. 4 shows simulated S of the circularly polarized antenna of the present invention11And in a parameter result graph, the-10 dB impedance bandwidth covers a frequency band from 2.35GHz to 2.47GHz, the designed working frequency point 2.41GHz is in a WIFI frequency band, and S parameters of the frequency band from 2.37GHz to 2.46GHz are all less than-15 dB, so that the antenna matching of the frequency band is better.
In some embodiments, FIG. 5 shows the circularly polarized microstrip antenna with low profile, high gain, and wide axial ratio of the beams measured by simulation software
Figure BDA0003627700420000063
And
Figure BDA0003627700420000064
axial ratio of time to beam widthDegree result chart. When the temperature is higher than the set temperature
Figure BDA0003627700420000066
The 3dB axial ratio beam width is 230deg, when
Figure BDA0003627700420000065
Meanwhile, the 3dB axial ratio beam width is 242deg, which shows that the circularly polarized antenna provided by the invention can receive circularly polarized signals with a very large angle at 2.41 GHz.
In some specific embodiments, fig. 6 is a pattern diagram of a circularly polarized microstrip antenna using simulation software for low-profile high-gain aspect ratio beams at 0 ° and 90 °, respectively. The front-to-back ratio in the maximum radiation direction can reach 11.6dB, and the signal radiation and reception in a longer distance can be realized.
The above examples, which are described in greater detail and detail, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that modifications and improvements to the part of the technology may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and any such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A circularly polarized microstrip antenna with low profile, high gain and wide axial ratio wave beam is characterized by comprising
A dielectric substrate (1);
a radiation patch (2) which is located on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (1);
a system floor (3) which is located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (1);
a coaxial feed port (8) which is perpendicular to the radiating patch (2) and the system floor (3);
the radiation patch (2) is of a square structure, the center positions of four sides of the radiation patch are respectively provided with a notch, and the notches are respectively provided with a metal patch; the metal patch is provided with a via hole, and the metal patch is connected with the system floor (3) through the via hole; a gap is reserved between the metal patch and the radiation patch (2);
the radiation patch (2) is provided with a rectangular groove row (4); the rectangular groove column (4) comprises a second rectangular groove (6), a third rectangular groove (16), a fifth rectangular groove (7) and a sixth rectangular groove (15) which are not in contact with each other; the central lines of the second rectangular groove (6) and the third rectangular groove (16) are positioned on the same straight line, and the second rectangular groove (6) and the third rectangular groove (16) are arranged in central symmetry around the center of the radiation patch (2); the fifth rectangular groove (7) and the sixth rectangular groove (15) are arranged in an axisymmetrical manner with respect to the straight line where the second rectangular groove (6) and the third rectangular groove (16) are located; the straight lines of the second rectangular groove (6) and the third rectangular groove (16) are superposed with the diagonal line of the radiation patch (2).
2. The circularly polarized microstrip antenna for low profile high gain aspect ratio beams according to claim 1, wherein said rectangular slot array (4) further comprises a first rectangular slot (5) and a fourth rectangular slot (17) which are not in contact with each other, said first rectangular slot (5) and said fourth rectangular slot (17) are located at two ends of a straight line where said second rectangular slot (6) and said third rectangular slot (16) are located.
3. The circularly polarized microstrip antenna for low profile high gain aspect ratio beams according to claim 1, wherein the via holes of two metal patches located on both sides of the radiating patch (2) are at the same distance from the center of the radiating patch (2); but the distance between the via holes of the adjacent metal patches and the center of the radiation patch is different.
4. A circularly polarized microstrip antenna for a low profile high gain wide axis ratio beam according to claim 1, characterized in that the two metal patches placed on both sides of the radiating patch (2) are as wide as the slot of said radiating patch (2).
5. A circularly polarized microstrip antenna for a low profile high gain wide axis ratio beam according to claim 1, characterised in that the two metal patches placed on either side of the radiating patch (2) are of the same size.
6. A circularly polarized microstrip antenna for low profile high gain aspect ratio beams according to claim 1, characterised in that said first (5) and fourth (17) rectangular slots have the same dimensions, said second (6) and third (16) rectangular slots have the same dimensions, and said fifth (7) and sixth (15) rectangular slots have the same dimensions.
7. A circularly polarized microstrip antenna for low profile high gain aspect ratio beams according to claim 1, characterised in that said coaxial feed port (8) is arranged between said third (16), fifth (7) and first slot (9).
8. The circularly polarized microstrip antenna for low profile, high gain, wide axis ratio beams according to claim 2, wherein the slot widths of said second rectangular slot (6), third rectangular slot (16), fifth rectangular slot (7), sixth rectangular slot (15), first rectangular slot (5), fourth rectangular slot (17) are all less than 0.01 operating wavelength.
9. The circularly polarized microstrip antenna with low profile, high gain and wide axial ratio of beam according to claim 1, wherein the centers of the through holes (13) on the two sides of the radiating patch (2), the center of the long side of the metal patch where the through hole (13) is currently located, and the center of the radiating patch (2) are all located on the same straight line.
10. The circularly polarized microstrip antenna with low profile, high gain and wide axial ratio beam according to claim 1, wherein the rectangular slot array (4) on the radiation patch (2) cuts off the original surface current path, increases the 'flow path' of the surface current of the radiation patch (2), and introduces a cascade inductor in the antenna equivalent circuit; the rectangular groove columns (4) are arranged along the diagonal line of the radiation patch (2), and according to the dual principle of magnetic currents, surface currents of the radiation patch (2) are controlled to excite a polarization degenerate mode with a phase difference of 90 degrees, so that circularly polarized radiation is realized;
the rectangular groove columns (4) are equivalent to a plurality of pairs of magnetic dipoles, so that the current on the radiation patches (2) is mainly concentrated around the rectangular groove columns (4), the resonant frequency is reduced along with the introduction of the cascade inductor, and the size miniaturization of the antenna is realized;
a fifth rectangular groove (7) and a sixth rectangular groove (15) to reduce coupling polarization induced by incomplete symmetry of the second rectangular groove (6), the third rectangular groove (16) and the coaxial feed port (8) on the diagonal of the radiation patch (2), thereby ensuring EθAnd with
Figure FDA0003627700410000021
Closer in the theta direction, realizing wider 3-dB beam width;
two pairs of metal patch pairs are arranged on the periphery of the radiation patch (2), the gap between the two pairs of metal patch pairs and the gap between the radiation patch (2) are equivalent to parasitic capacitance, via holes on the two pairs of metal patch pairs are equivalent to parasitic inductance to form an LC resonance circuit, the resonance frequency of the antenna is adjusted, the resonance frequency can be reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna structure is realized.
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CN115498416A (en) * 2022-09-30 2022-12-20 南京理工大学 Microstrip patch antenna with reconfigurable edge-emitting wave beams and cone-shaped wave beams
CN115548703A (en) * 2022-09-28 2022-12-30 安徽大学 Phase-controllable dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna
CN115799834A (en) * 2023-01-16 2023-03-14 深圳大学 Miniaturized patch antenna based on capacitive resistor loading
CN117013249A (en) * 2023-09-06 2023-11-07 南通大学 Low elevation angle double-frequency dual-beam patch antenna

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115548703A (en) * 2022-09-28 2022-12-30 安徽大学 Phase-controllable dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna
CN115548703B (en) * 2022-09-28 2023-09-22 安徽大学 Phase-controllable double-frequency circularly polarized antenna
CN115498416A (en) * 2022-09-30 2022-12-20 南京理工大学 Microstrip patch antenna with reconfigurable edge-emitting wave beams and cone-shaped wave beams
CN115799834A (en) * 2023-01-16 2023-03-14 深圳大学 Miniaturized patch antenna based on capacitive resistor loading
CN115799834B (en) * 2023-01-16 2023-05-02 深圳大学 Miniaturized patch antenna based on capacitive resistor loading
CN117013249A (en) * 2023-09-06 2023-11-07 南通大学 Low elevation angle double-frequency dual-beam patch antenna
CN117013249B (en) * 2023-09-06 2024-04-05 南通大学 Low elevation angle double-frequency dual-beam patch antenna

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