CN114700045A - Adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water and preparation and removal methods thereof - Google Patents
Adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water and preparation and removal methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114700045A CN114700045A CN202210246783.6A CN202210246783A CN114700045A CN 114700045 A CN114700045 A CN 114700045A CN 202210246783 A CN202210246783 A CN 202210246783A CN 114700045 A CN114700045 A CN 114700045A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4806—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of inorganic character
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/4825—Polysaccharides or cellulose materials, e.g. starch, chitin, sawdust, wood, straw, cotton
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/103—Arsenic compounds
Abstract
The invention discloses an adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water and a preparation method and a removal method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of taking sodium metasilicate and ferric salt as raw materials, preparing the silicon-doped ferrihydrite by adopting a chemical hydrolysis method, washing, removing impurities, drying, crushing, adding chitosan, bonding and forming to obtain the granular adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water. The adsorbent can be used for removing actual cadmium and arsenic polluted farmland irrigation water, the maximum adsorption capacity of arsenic can reach more than 40mg/g, the maximum adsorption capacity of cadmium can reach more than 60mg/g, only about 1kg of cadmium and arsenic can be added into each ton of polluted irrigation water, and the adsorption of cadmium and arsenic in the polluted farmland irrigation water can be realized. The invention has the characteristics of low cost, convenient recycling, convenient application, safety, environmental protection and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water pollution treatment, and particularly relates to an adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water, and a preparation method and a removal method thereof.
Background
Cadmium and arsenic pollution in farmland soil is mainly caused by irrigation water, mainly caused by human factors and mainly caused by mining and smelting processes, industrial wastes, tanning wastewater, textile mill wastewater, household garbage and the like. Most heavy metals in the polluted soil can move and are easily absorbed and utilized by plants and soil, so the cost for treating cadmium arsenic in a water body is far less than that of the soil theoretically. Heavy metals threaten grain safety by flowing through farmland soil through irrigation water, thereby affecting human health. The irrigation water quality is purified, and the steps of irrigation pretreatment and heavy metal pollution control are carried out, so that the requirement of sustainable irrigation is met. The trend in the future is that irrigation water is distributed to farmlands through irrigation water channels or distribution water pipelines, and the irrigation water channels have shutdown time periods due to the utilization degree of water in different growth periods of rice, so that heavy metal pollution in sewage can be conveniently adsorbed by the adsorbent for a long time. In addition, the adsorption method has the advantages of easy operation, simple manufacture, renewable and reusable property, low cost and the like.
Arsenic and cadmium all have toxic action on an ecosystem and human health, and arsenic in a neutral solution mainly exists in a trivalent form and a pentavalent form. Arsenic can cause toxicity in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, cardiovascular system, skin and nerves. The arsenic poisoning is caused by the excessive arsenic intake of human body for a short time, and the symptoms are accompanied by the phenomena of nausea, vomit and the like. Cadmium has certain stimulation effect on human respiratory tract, abnormal smell and tooth damage can be caused after long-term exposure to cadmium poison, and cadmium compounds are not easily absorbed by intestinal tracts in human bodies but can be absorbed by the human bodies through breathing and have larger damage to kidneys. In view of the above, a simple method for treating cadmium and arsenic pollution in farmland is urgently needed.
There are more choices in the heavy metal pollution of water body is administered, wherein comparatively commonly used has: chemical precipitation, microbiological treatment, membrane separation, electrochemical and adsorption. The adsorption method has the characteristics of simple operation, proper cost, obvious effect and convenient recovery. Cadmium arsenic ions and cadmium arsenic ions are mutually anions and cations and have opposite change trends in soil, so that farmland soil cadmium arsenic is difficult to synchronously treat, a water body is used as a main source of soil cadmium arsenic, and the cadmium arsenic in the water body is simpler to treat than the cadmium arsenic in the soil, so that cadmium arsenic pollution in irrigation water needs to be treated. The existing research shows that the ferrihydrite has stronger adsorption performance on arsenic, particularly the ferrihydrite with weak crystallization form, but the ferrihydrite is easy to agglomerate and is transformed to the crystal form of goethite and the like, so that the originally adsorbed heavy metal is released again, the adsorption effect of the ferrihydrite is weakened, and the field application of the ferrihydrite is limited.
The ferrihydrite has small particle size, high specific surface area and larger adsorption capacity due to the existence of surface active hydroxyl, and is widely applied to the field of water pollution treatment. The silicon-doped ferrihydrite can prevent the crystal form of the ferrihydrite from changing, reduce the agglomeration of the ferrihydrite and the release of adsorbates, and improve the actual application effect of the ferrihydrite.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that an adsorbent in the prior art is difficult to adsorb heavy metal anions and cations simultaneously, and provides an adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water and a preparation method and a removal method thereof.
The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of an adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water, which comprises the following specific steps:
taking sodium metasilicate and ferric salt as raw materials, preparing a silicon-doped ferrihydrite suspension by adopting a chemical hydrolysis method, washing, removing impurities, drying and crushing to obtain silicon-doped ferrihydrite powder; and adding chitosan for bonding and forming to obtain the granular adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in the farmland polluted irrigation water.
Preferably, the iron salt is ferric chloride or ferric nitrate.
Preferably, the molar ratio of silicon to iron in the silicon-doped ferrihydrite suspension is 1-5: 5.
Preferably, the preparation method of the silicon-doped ferrihydrite suspension specifically comprises the following steps:
mixing a sodium metasilicate solution and an iron salt solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L to obtain a first mixed solution; and adjusting the pH value of the first mixed solution to 7.0-8.0, and reacting for 30-60 minutes under the condition of full stirring and adjustment to obtain the colloidal suspension of the red-brown ferrihydrite, namely the suspension of the silicon-doped ferrihydrite.
Preferably, the washing and impurity removing process is specifically as follows;
firstly, centrifugally separating the silica-doped ferrihydrite suspension at the rotating speed of 3500rpm, removing supernatant, adding pure water into the obtained precipitate, and washing the precipitate for several times by shaking at the condition of 120 rpm; the resulting product was then dialyzed in a dialysis bag until the conductivity dropped below 10. mu.s/cm.
Preferably, the drying method is oven drying or freeze drying with a freeze dryer.
Preferably, the process of adding chitosan for binding and forming is as follows:
adding chitosan and 1.5% acetic acid solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:50, and stirring at room temperature to completely dissolve the chitosan in the acetic acid solution to obtain a second mixed solution; then, according to the following steps of chitosan: adding the silicon-doped ferrihydrite powder into the second mixed solution according to the mass ratio of 1:5, and uniformly mixing to obtain a third mixed solution; and (4) sucking the third mixed solution into 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to generate silicon-doped ferrihydrite particles, and washing, filtering and drying to obtain the adsorbent.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water, which is obtained by the preparation method in any one of the first aspects.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a method for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water by using the adsorbent in the second aspect, which comprises the following steps: adding 0.1-0.5g/L of adsorbent according to the proportion that the adsorbent is added to each 100 mug/L of cadmium and 1000 mug/L of arsenic in the farmland polluted irrigation water, and adding the adsorbent to the farmland polluted irrigation water to be treated so as to remove the cadmium and the arsenic in the farmland polluted irrigation water.
Preferably, the pH of the farmland polluted irrigation water to be treated is 5.5-7.5, the cadmium content is 5-250 mu g/L, and the arsenic content is 50-2500 mu g/L.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the preparation method is simple and convenient, has low requirement on preparation equipment, can use neutralization-dialysis-bonding to synthesize the iron oxide-amorphous monosilicic acid composite material (namely adsorbent) step by step, has high efficiency, stability and reusability of the prepared material and low preparation cost, and is suitable for popularization and application in the environment of farmland irrigation water.
2) The adsorbent is iron oxide containing amorphous monosilicic acid, active hydroxyl on the surface of the iron oxide is replaced by stable silicon single bonds, the defects of easy agglomeration and poor dispersibility of the ferrihydrite are effectively overcome, the application value and range of the ferrihydrite are further improved, the practicability of the material is increased after the ferrihydrite is coated, and the iron oxide is convenient to separate from a water body after adsorption, so that the iron oxide has recycling value.
3) The adsorbent can effectively slow down the crystal form transformation of the main adsorption material ferrihydrite, improve the stability of the ferrihydrite and increase the adsorption capacity of the ferrihydrite.
4) The adsorbent provided by the invention aims to solve the problem that most of the current irrigation water body pollution is combined pollution, has large adsorption capacity for cadmium and arsenic and excellent adsorption performance, has desorption and regeneration performance compared with powdery semi-finished products, is strong in recycling capacity, and is convenient to collect and recycle in granular form.
5) The preparation process of the invention mostly adopts environment-friendly materials, and the ferrihydrite naturally exists in the environment, thus having little influence on the environment; the invention adsorbs pollutants by multiple mechanisms, and the adsorption effect is good; the invention has low cost, can be recycled and is suitable for being popularized in polluted farmland irrigation water; the invention provides an in-situ remediation technology for farmland irrigation water polluted by cadmium and arsenic, which can keep the original ecological balance of the farmland to a great extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1(a) is a FT-IR image of 0% silicon-doped ferrihydrite powder obtained in example 1; FIG. 1(b) is an FT-IR image of the 30% silicon-doped ferrihydrite powder obtained in example 1.
FIG. 2(a) is a graph showing the adsorption effect of different silicon-doped ferrihydrite powder obtained in example 1 on cadmium and arsenic in water; FIG. 2(b) is a graph showing the effect of different silicon-doped ferrihydrite powder on the arsenic adsorption stability of water obtained in example 1.
FIG. 3(a) is an SEM image of Si-doped ferrihydrite-chitosan beads (i.e., granular adsorbent) in example 2; FIG. 3(b) is a graph showing the effect of recycling of Si-doped ferrihydrite-chitosan beads (i.e., granular adsorbent) on arsenic adsorption in example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated and described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The technical features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined correspondingly without mutual conflict.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the silicon-doped ferrihydrite powder with different ferrosilicon molar ratios is obtained, and the influence of the silicon-doped ferrihydrite powder with different ferrosilicon molar ratios on the cadmium-arsenic adsorption effect is studied, specifically as follows:
0.2M ferric chloride solution and 0.2M sodium metasilicate solution were prepared. Controlling the silicon doping amount by changing the adding amount of ferric salt and silicate, adding 5mol/L NaOH solution into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH value to 7.0, using a magnetic stirrer in the synthesis process to ensure that the ferric chloride solution and the sodium metasilicate solution are fully and uniformly mixed, and standing for about 30 minutes after the reaction is carried out to obtain the red-brown ferrihydrite colloidal suspension.
And then subpackaging the ferrihydrite suspension into a plurality of 50ml centrifuge tubes, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 3500rpm for 10 minutes, pouring out supernatant, adding ultrapure water to enable the ferrihydrite colloid at the bottom of the centrifuge tube to be suspended again, then oscillating at 120rpm for 30 minutes by using a reciprocating oscillator, centrifuging for 10 minutes, repeating the operation for 3 times to purify the ferrihydrite colloid, washing for 3 times, and then placing the ferrihydrite colloid into a dialysis bag for dialysis until the conductivity is reduced to 10 mus/cm.
Freeze-drying and dialyzing the ferrihydrite colloid to obtain black-red-brown powder, and grinding and sieving the black-red-brown powder by a 60-mesh sieve. Then, the cadmium arsenic solution is adsorbed by using composite materials with different iron-silicon molar ratios, the addition amount is 1g/L, the adsorption time is 12h, the temperature is 25 ℃, and the adsorption amount is shown in figure 2 (a). As can be seen from the figure, the adsorption capacity of the ferrihydrite to cadmium is enhanced along with the increase of the silicon doping amount, and the ferrihydrite always keeps higher adsorption capacity to arsenic, which indicates that the ferrihydrite composite material with the silicon doping ratio of 30 percent has higher adsorption performance to cadmium and arsenic. When the concentration of cadmium and arsenic is 30mg/L, the removal rate of the iron-silicon composite material to cadmium and arsenic is more than 85%. As can be seen from FIG. 2(b), the amount of arsenic adsorbed by the silicon-doped ferrihydrite gradually increases as the adsorption time increases. The adsorption results prove that the silicon-doped ferrihydrite can completely realize the standard discharge of the irrigation water containing cadmium and arsenic.
FIG. 1(a) shows FT-IR images of 0% silicon-doped ferrihydrite powder obtained in this example, and FIG. 1(b) shows FT-IR images of 30% silicon-doped ferrihydrite powder obtained in this example. As can be seen, a new peak is formed at 1003.68 after doping silicon, which is a Si-O-Fe bond.
In conclusion, the results of example 1 show that the ferrihydrite with the silicon content of 30% has good synchronous adsorption effect of cadmium and arsenic. However, the powdery ferrihydrite has a problem of being difficult to recover, and further improvement of the material is required.
Example 2
In this example, a granular adsorbent was prepared from chitosan using the ferrihydrite powder obtained in example 1 with a silicon content of 30%, and the recycling performance of the granular adsorbent was investigated as follows:
adding chitosan and 1.5% acetic acid solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:50 by using the silicon-doped ferrihydrite prepared in example 1, and stirring at room temperature to completely dissolve the chitosan in the acetic acid solution to obtain a first mixed solution; then, according to the following steps of chitosan: adding the sillimanite-doped powder into the first mixed solution in a mass ratio of 1:5, and uniformly mixing to obtain a second mixed solution; and (3) sucking the second mixed solution into 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to generate silicon-doped ferrihydrite particles, and washing, filtering and drying to obtain the adsorbent.
Fig. 3(a) is an SEM image of the prepared ferrihydrite-chitosan beads (i.e., granular adsorbent), and it can be seen from the figure that the outer layer of the ferrihydrite-chitosan beads forms a scale-like structure, which is beneficial for maintaining the adsorption effect. Then, by using the prepared granular adsorbent, a cyclic adsorption-desorption-reabsorption experiment is carried out on the cadmium and arsenic in the solution, which specifically comprises the following steps:
5 chitosan beads (namely granular adsorbents) with different silicon-doped concentrations are weighed, added into 20 mL of solution with pH 7 and As (III) concentration of 10mg/L, and subjected to constant temperature oscillation at 25 ℃ at the speed of 200r/min for 24h, and then the adsorbed chitosan beads are regenerated by using 0.5mol/L NaOH solution. The chitosan beads are added into NaOH solution at the concentration of about 10g/L, the solution is oscillated at the constant temperature of 200r/min for 6h for desorption, and after the desorption is finished, the chitosan beads are washed by deionized water and are dried by suction, and then the next circulation is carried out. And (4) measuring the concentration of residual arsenic in the solution adsorbed in each cycle, and calculating the adsorption amount of the chitosan beads in each cycle.
The cyclic adsorption-desorption effect of the ferrihydrite-chitosan bead composite material on arsenic is shown in fig. 3 (b). As can be seen from FIG. 3(b), after 3 times of circulation, the removal rate of arsenic by the Fe-Si composite material can still reach about 80%, which indicates that the Si-doped ferrihydrite-chitosan bead material has excellent recycling performance.
The adsorbent prepared by the invention can be used for removing actual cadmium arsenic polluted farmland irrigation water, the maximum adsorption capacity of arsenic can reach more than 40mg/g, the maximum adsorption capacity of cadmium can reach more than 60mg/g, only about 1g of cadmium arsenic is required to be added per kilogram of polluted irrigation water, and the adsorption of cadmium arsenic in non-point source polluted water can be realized. The invention has the characteristics of low cost, convenient recycling, synchronous adsorption of various pollutants in farmland irrigation water, convenient application, safety, environmental protection and the like. From the example 2, it can be seen that the silicon-doped ferrihydrite powder has the characteristic of being convenient to recycle after being wrapped by chitosan.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scheme obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking sodium metasilicate and ferric salt as raw materials, preparing a silicon-doped ferrihydrite suspension by adopting a chemical hydrolysis method, washing, removing impurities, drying and crushing to obtain silicon-doped ferrihydrite powder; and adding chitosan for bonding and forming to obtain the granular adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in the farmland polluted irrigation water.
2. The method for preparing the adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water according to claim 1, wherein the iron salt is ferric chloride or ferric nitrate.
3. The method for preparing the adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of silicon to iron in the silicon-doped ferrihydrite suspension is 1-5: 5.
4. The method for preparing the adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the silicon-doped ferrihydrite suspension specifically comprises the following steps:
mixing a sodium metasilicate solution and an iron salt solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L to obtain a first mixed solution; and adjusting the pH value of the first mixed solution to 7.0-8.0, and reacting for 30-40 minutes under the condition of full stirring and adjustment to obtain the colloidal suspension of the red-brown ferrihydrite, namely the silicon-doped ferrihydrite suspension.
5. The method for preparing the adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water according to claim 1, wherein the washing and impurity removing processes are specifically as follows;
firstly, carrying out centrifugal separation on the silica-doped ferrihydrite suspension at the rotating speed of 3500rpm, removing supernatant, adding deionized water into the obtained precipitate, shaking and washing for a plurality of times at the condition of 120rpm, and dialyzing the obtained product in a dialysis bag until the conductivity is reduced to below 10 mu s/cm.
6. The preparation method of the adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying method adopts oven drying or freeze drying by a freeze dryer.
7. The preparation method of the adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process of the bonding and molding by adding chitosan is as follows:
adding chitosan powder and 1.5% acetic acid solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:50, and stirring at normal temperature to completely dissolve chitosan in the acetic acid solution to obtain a second mixed solution; then, according to the following steps of chitosan: adding the sillimanite-doped powder into the second mixed solution in a mass ratio of 1:5, and uniformly mixing to obtain a third mixed solution; and sucking the third mixed solution and dropwise adding the third mixed solution into 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to generate silicon-doped ferrihydrite chitosan particles, and washing, filtering and drying the particles to obtain the granular adsorbent.
8. An adsorbent for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water, which is obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A method for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water by using the adsorbent of claim 8, which is characterized in that the adsorbent is added into the farmland polluted irrigation water to be treated according to the proportion that 0.1-0.5g/L of the adsorbent is added into every 100 mug/L of cadmium and 1000 mug/L of arsenic in the farmland polluted irrigation water so as to remove the cadmium and arsenic in the farmland polluted irrigation water body.
10. The method for removing cadmium and arsenic in farmland polluted irrigation water according to claim 9, wherein the farmland polluted irrigation water to be treated has a pH of 5.5-7.5, a cadmium content of 5-250 μ g/L and an arsenic content of 50-2500 μ g/L.
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