CN114698472B - Crop straw composting fermentation treatment equipment and composting fermentation treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Crop straw composting fermentation treatment equipment and composting fermentation treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114698472B CN114698472B CN202210364327.1A CN202210364327A CN114698472B CN 114698472 B CN114698472 B CN 114698472B CN 202210364327 A CN202210364327 A CN 202210364327A CN 114698472 B CN114698472 B CN 114698472B
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
- A01F29/02—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like having rotating knives with their cutting edges in a plane perpendicular to their rotational axis
- A01F29/04—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like having rotating knives with their cutting edges in a plane perpendicular to their rotational axis with feeding direction transverse to axis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
- A01F29/09—Details
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
- A01F29/09—Details
- A01F29/095—Mounting or adjusting of knives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of crop composting, in particular to crop straw composting fermentation treatment equipment and a composting fermentation treatment method thereof, the equipment comprises a material pipe provided with a motor, an auger which is connected with the motor is rotatably and adaptively arranged in the material pipe, one end of the material pipe is connected with a discharge port, a baffle column which shields the discharge port is elastically arranged in the material pipe through a spring, a valve which is connected with the baffle column is arranged at the end part of the material pipe, a spray head which is connected with the valve is arranged at the position of the discharge port, the baffle column blocks the discharge port or the baffle column to move under pressure so as to open the discharge port, the valve is closed or opened to communicate with the spray head for spraying water, the valve is opened at the same time when the crushed aggregates move and squeeze the baffle column under the action of the auger, so that the spray head sprays water to the discharged materials, the crushed aggregates are humidified more timely and evenly, and the valve is automatically closed when the equipment idles, continuous excessive water adding to the crushed aggregates is avoided, and high-precision humidifying treatment is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of crop composting, in particular to crop straw composting fermentation treatment equipment and a composting fermentation treatment method thereof.
Background
The agricultural crop straw is produced in large agricultural countries each year, and is required to be treated for normal farmland cultivation, if the straw is treated in an incineration mode, the environment is greatly polluted, and the crop straw is returned to the field in a composting fermentation mode, so that the pollution to the environment is reduced, the application of crop fertilizer is reduced, the use of chemical fertilizers is reduced, and the cost is saved.
Traditional straw composting mode is direct to go on in the field pit digging, and the composting in-process needs moist straw, and the humidity and the homogeneity of straw greatly influence quality and the efficiency of compost fermentation, piles up the back with straw in the traditional mode and waters, appears the great condition emergence of local humidity easily, and humidity is inhomogeneous moreover, and in addition, from last whole straw inefficiency of infiltration down through the gap between the straw, influence fermentation process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the following problems in the prior art: in the traditional mode, the straws are piled up and then watered, the situation that the local humidity is large easily occurs, the humidity is uneven, in addition, the efficiency of penetrating all the straws from top to bottom through gaps among the straws is low, and the fermentation process is influenced.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a material guiding device, which comprises a material pipe provided with a motor, wherein an auger connected with the motor is rotatably and adaptively arranged in the material pipe, one end of the material pipe is connected with a material outlet, a baffle column for shielding the material outlet is elastically arranged in the material pipe through a spring, a valve connected with the baffle column is arranged at the end part of the material pipe, a spray head connected with the valve is arranged at the position of the material outlet, the baffle column blocks the material outlet or the baffle column to move under pressure to open the material outlet, the valve is closed or the valve is opened to be communicated with the spray head to spray water, the auger is driven by the motor to rotate, the crushed aggregates are fed and conducted in the material pipe, when the crushed aggregates are conducted to the end part of the auger to be in extrusion contact with the baffle column, the baffle column is extruded by continuously piled crushed aggregates, the elastic force of the spring is gradually overcome, the material outlet is opened to discharge the crushed aggregates, the baffle column is simultaneously sprayed by the spray head, and the water is mixed with discharged materials to form wet materials.
Preferably, the valve includes the valve casing of fixing at the material pipe tip, the valve casing both sides have the opening of intercommunication shower nozzle and water inlet pipeline, be provided with in the valve casing and can be at gliding valve piece, the valve piece passes through spring and valve casing elastic connection, the valve port of opening of intercommunication opening has been seted up on the surface of valve piece, the valve piece is fixed with the feeler lever, the feeler lever slides and penetrates the material pipe and be connected with the fender post, make the valve piece be located the one end of valve casing through the elasticity of spring under the normality, the valve port staggers with waterway channel, the waterway is cut off, when discharging the crushed aggregates, the fender post that presses drives feeler lever extrusion valve piece and slides to the other end of valve casing, make the valve port align with the waterway, the waterway is opened for shower nozzle water spray.
Preferably, a telescopic groove is formed in one side, close to the feeler lever, of the baffle column, an adjusting plate is connected in the telescopic groove through an elastic connection, the feeler lever is fixedly connected with the adjusting plate, the adjusting plate slides in the telescopic groove and is used for enabling the feeler lever to move with the baffle column in a staggered mode, and displacement difference between the feeler lever and the baffle column is relieved.
Preferably, the discharge opening is inclined towards one side far away from the auger, the end face of the baffle column close to the auger is inclined in parallel with the discharge opening, so that the discharge resistance of the baffle column and the discharge opening to crushed aggregates is reduced, and the convenience of discharging is improved.
The utility model provides an use material guiding device's crop straw compost fermentation treatment facility, includes the casing that disposes drive arrangement, and the upper portion of casing has the feed inlet, and the inside main shaft and the auxiliary shaft that are located feed inlet position and have vertical distribution of casing, and the surface of main shaft and auxiliary shaft evenly is fixed with the blade, and main shaft and auxiliary shaft are connected with drive arrangement, and the bottom of casing has the collection silo, is provided with the sieve between auxiliary shaft and the collection silo, material pipe and collection silo intercommunication, the outside of casing is provided with water supply installation, and the valve is connected with water supply installation, and the straw material drops into the casing through the feed inlet, and drive arrangement drives main shaft and auxiliary shaft synchronous counter-rotating, and the blade on its surface smashes the straw material, and the crushed aggregates are separated to the collection silo through the sieve, are discharged by material guiding device conduction.
Preferably, the driving device comprises a gear set, one ends of the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft are in transmission connection through the gear set, the other end of the main shaft is connected with a motor, the transmission ratio of the main shaft to the auxiliary shaft is greater than 1, blades on the surfaces of the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft are in a equidirectional bending shape, the blades on the surfaces of the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft are arranged in a staggered mode, the feeding port is arranged in a downward inclined mode, the bottom of the discharging port is opposite to the intersection position of the blades on the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft, the motor drives the main shaft to rotate, the auxiliary shaft is linked to rotate reversely through the gear set, the rotating speed of the auxiliary shaft is lower than that of the main shaft, the blades on the surface of the main shaft dial straws into the shell, the slow auxiliary shaft forms relative blocking to the straws, and the straws are cut by the blades on the surface of the main shaft which is rapidly rotated in the process of being conveyed inwards by the auxiliary shaft to form crushed aggregates.
Preferably, the water supply device comprises a water tank, the side of the water tank is connected with an air supercharging device, a cam is rotated above the air supercharging device, the end part of the auxiliary shaft is connected with cam transmission through a belt assembly, the top of the water tank is provided with a water pipe penetrating through the lower part of the water tank, the water pipe is connected with a through hole of a water inlet pipeline of the valve shell, the rotating auxiliary shaft drives the cam to rotate through the belt assembly, and the rotating cam extrudes the air supercharging device, so that the air pressure in the water tank is increased, and water in the water tank is conveyed to a valve through the water pipe.
Preferably, an overflow valve is mounted at the top of the water tank, water in the water tank is not discharged in a valve closing state, the air pressurizing device continuously supplies air to the water tank, the air pressure in the water tank is gradually increased, and excessive air pressure is discharged through the overflow valve.
Preferably, the air pressurizing device comprises a piston pipe, two groups of one-way valves are connected to the bottom of the piston pipe, one group of one-way valves is connected with the water tank, the other group of one-way valves is connected with external air, a piston rod is connected with the piston pipe in a sliding fit manner in the piston pipe, the top of the piston rod is contacted with a cam, the piston rod is intermittently lifted and moved in the piston pipe by matching with the elasticity of the spring through intermittent extrusion of the cam, the one-way valve communicated with the outside is opened when the piston rod ascends, the other one-way valve is closed, external air enters the piston pipe, the one-way valve connected with the water tank is opened when the piston rod descends, the other one-way valve is closed, gas enters the water tank, and continuous air inlet enables high pressure to be formed in the water tank.
A composting fermentation treatment method based on the crop straw composting fermentation treatment equipment comprises the following specific steps:
A. putting the straws into a shell, and crushing the straws into crushed materials through blades on the surfaces of a main shaft and an auxiliary shaft which rotate;
B. the crushed straws are gathered to a collecting bin, and the crushed straws in a discharging bin are transmitted to the position of a discharging port through a material pipe by a rotary auger;
C. the crushed aggregates are pushed to move by the auger, so that the retaining column is pressed to move to open the discharge port to discharge the crushed aggregates, and meanwhile, the moving retaining column opens the valve to spray water of the water supply device through the spray head, so that the crushed aggregates discharged from the discharge port are directly mixed with the water to form wet materials;
D. stacking wet materials discharged from a discharge hole, and sprinkling a layer of corrosion-promoting bacteria agent on the wet material stack with the height of 30-40cm to form a fermentation stack;
E. and wrapping the fermentation pile by using a sealing film, and sealing and fermenting the fermentation pile.
Compared with the related art, the crop straw compost fermentation treatment equipment and the compost fermentation treatment method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the valve is connected through the sliding-mounted baffle column, the crushed aggregates move to squeeze the baffle column under the action of the auger, the valve is opened while the discharge port is opened for discharging, so that the spray head sprays water to the discharged materials, the crushed aggregates are humidified more timely and uniformly, the valve is automatically closed when the equipment idles, continuous excessive water addition to the crushed aggregates is avoided, and high-precision humidifying treatment to the crushed aggregates is realized;
2. according to the invention, the main shaft with the bending blades and the auxiliary shaft are reversely matched to rotate, so that straw materials are pulled into the machine shell, the feeding position is prevented from being blocked, the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft rotate in a differential mode, the blades in the differential mode cut the materials while feeding, and the crushing efficiency and the crushing stability of the straw are improved;
3. according to the invention, the belt assembly is used for linking the cam to rotate and squeeze the air pressurizing device, so that the interior of the water tank is pressurized while the straw is crushed, and power is provided for conveying water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a material guiding device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a valve structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the pulverizing unit structure of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the air pressurizing device of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. a material pipe; 2. an auger; 3. a discharge port; 4. a baffle column; 5. a spray head; 6. a valve housing; 7. a feeler lever; 8. a valve block; 9. an adjusting plate; 10. a housing; 11. a water tank; 12. a cam; 13. a piston tube; 14. a main shaft; 15. an auxiliary shaft; 16. a sieve plate; 17. a piston rod.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Specific implementations of the invention are described in detail below in connection with specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4 and 5, a crop straw compost fermentation treatment device using the material guiding device is characterized in that a feed inlet is formed in the upper part of a shell 10 with a driving device, a main shaft 14 and an auxiliary shaft 15 are vertically distributed and rotated in the shell 10 and are connected with the driving device, the driving device comprises a gear set, one ends of the main shaft 14 and the auxiliary shaft 15 are in transmission connection through the gear set, a motor is arranged at the other end of the main shaft 14, a plurality of blades are fixed on the surfaces of the main shaft 14 and the auxiliary shaft 15, a collecting bin is formed in the bottom of the shell 10, a semicircular sieve plate 16 is positioned between the collecting bin and the auxiliary shaft 15, a water supply device is arranged outside the shell 10, a material pipe 1 is obliquely arranged, a motor is arranged at the bottom of the material pipe 1, a packing auger 2 is adapted to rotate in the material pipe 1 and is connected with the motor, the bottom of the material pipe 1 is communicated with the collecting bin, the top of the material pipe 1 is connected with a material outlet 3, a baffle column 4 is slid in the material pipe 1, the baffle column 4 is connected with the top end of the material pipe 1 through a spring, a spray head 5 is arranged at the position of the material outlet 3, a valve housing 6 is arranged at the top end of the material pipe 1 through the valve housing 6 and is connected with the spray head 5 through the valve housing 6;
straw material is put into casing 10 through the feed inlet, drive arrangement drive main shaft 14 and auxiliary shaft 15 rotate in step, the blade on its surface is smashed straw material, the crushed aggregates is in sieve 16 separation to the collection silo, motor drive auger 2 rotates, feed the conduction in material pipe 1 with the crushed aggregates in the collection silo, when the tip and the baffle post 4 extrusion contact of auger 2 are conducted to the crushed aggregates, baffle post 4 receives continuously piled crushed aggregates extrusion, overcome the elasticity removal of spring gradually, bin outlet 3 is opened and is discharged the crushed aggregates, baffle post 4 beats the valve simultaneously, water supply unit rivers are mixed with the material of discharging through shower nozzle 5 blowout and are formed wet material.
As shown in fig. 2, the spray heads 5 are provided with a plurality of spray heads and distributed around the discharge hole 3, the valves comprise valve casings 6, valve blocks 8 are slidably arranged in the valve casings 6, the upper surface holes and the lower surface holes of the valve casings 6 are respectively connected with the spray heads 5 and the water supply device, the valve blocks 8 are connected with the valve casings 6 through springs, valve holes are formed in the surfaces of the valve blocks 8, a feeler lever 7 is slidably penetrated through the material pipe 1 and the valve casings 6, one end of the feeler lever 7 is fixed with the valve blocks 8, and the other end of the feeler lever 7 is connected with the baffle post 4;
the valve block 8 is located one end of the valve housing 6 through the elasticity of the spring in the normal state, the valve port is staggered with the waterway channel, the waterway is cut off, when the crushed aggregates are discharged, the pressed baffle column 4 drives the feeler lever 7 to squeeze the valve block 8 to slide to the other end of the valve housing 6, the valve port is aligned with the waterway, and water of the water supply device is led into the spray head 5 through the valve hole and sprayed to the discharged crushed aggregates.
As shown in fig. 2, a telescopic slot is formed at one end of the baffle post 4, which is close to the feeler lever 7, and an adjusting plate 9 is connected in the telescopic slot through a spring, the adjusting plate 9 is fixed with the feeler lever 7, and when the valve block 8 is pushed to a limiting position by the feeler lever 7, the feeler lever 7 and the adjusting plate 9 retract into the telescopic slot, so that the baffle post 4 can move continuously, and the displacement difference between the feeler lever 7 and the baffle post 4 is relieved.
As shown in fig. 2, the discharge opening 3 is inclined, and the discharge opening 3 is inclined to one side far away from the auger 2, and one end of the baffle column 4 close to the auger 2 is inclined, the inclined surface of the baffle column 4 is flush with the discharge opening 3, so that the discharge resistance of the baffle column 4 and the discharge opening 3 to crushed aggregates is reduced, and the convenience of discharging is improved.
As shown in fig. 5, the blades on the surfaces of the main shaft 14 and the auxiliary shaft 15 are equidistantly and alternately distributed, and the intersection part of the blades of the main shaft 14 and the auxiliary shaft 15 is aligned with the inclined feed inlet, the blades on the surfaces of the main shaft 14 and the auxiliary shaft 15 are in the same bending shape, and the transmission ratio of the connection of the main shaft 14 and the auxiliary shaft 15 through a gear set is greater than 1;
the motor drives the main shaft 14 to rotate, the auxiliary shaft 15 is linked by the gear set to reversely rotate, the rotating speed of the auxiliary shaft 15 is lower than that of the main shaft 14, the blades on the surface of the main shaft 14 dial the straws into the machine shell 10, the slow auxiliary shaft 15 forms relative blocking for the straws, and the straws are cut into crushed aggregates by the blades on the surface of the main shaft 14 which rapidly rotates in the process of conveying the straws inwards by the auxiliary shaft 15.
As shown in fig. 3 and 6, the water supply device comprises a water tank 11, a cam 12 rotates on the outer wall of the water tank 11, the cam 12 is in transmission connection with an auxiliary shaft 15 through a belt assembly, an air pressurizing device is arranged below the cam 12, the air pressurizing device comprises a piston pipe 13, a piston rod 17 is slidably matched in the piston pipe 13 and connected through a spring, two one-way valves respectively connected with the outside and the water tank 11 are arranged at the bottom of the piston pipe 13, the top end of the piston rod 17 is in contact with the cam 12, a water pipe penetrates through the top of the water tank 11, one end of the water pipe penetrates through the bottom of the water tank 11, and the other end of the water pipe is connected with the valve;
the rotating auxiliary shaft 15 drives the cam 12 to rotate through the belt assembly, the piston rod 17 is intermittently lifted and moved in the piston tube 13 through intermittent extrusion of the cam 12 and matched with the elastic force of the spring, when the piston rod 17 ascends, the one-way valve communicated with the outside is opened, the other one-way valve is closed, external air enters the piston tube 13, when the piston rod 17 descends, the one-way valve connected with the water receiving tank 11 is opened, the other one-way valve is closed, gas enters the water receiving tank 11, high pressure is formed in the water receiving tank 11 through continuous air inlet, and water in the water receiving tank 11 is transmitted to the valve through the water tube.
A composting fermentation treatment method based on the crop straw composting fermentation treatment equipment comprises the following specific steps:
A. putting the straws into a shell 10, and crushing the straws into crushed materials through blades on the surfaces of a main shaft 14 and an auxiliary shaft 15 which rotate;
B. crushed straws are gathered to a collecting bin, and crushed aggregates in a discharging bin are conducted to a discharging port 3 through a material pipe 1 by a rotary auger 2;
C. the crushed aggregates are pushed to move by the auger 2, so that the baffle column 4 is pressed to move to open the discharge opening 3 to discharge the crushed aggregates, and meanwhile, the moving baffle column 4 opens the valve to spray water of the water supply device through the spray head 5, so that the crushed aggregates discharged from the discharge opening 3 are directly mixed with the water to form wet materials;
D. stacking the wet materials discharged from the discharge opening 3, and sprinkling a layer of corrosion-promoting bacteria agent on the wet materials with the height of 30-40cm to form a fermentation pile;
E. and wrapping the fermentation pile by using a sealing film, and sealing and fermenting the fermentation pile.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a guide device for conducting smashing straw, including being equipped with material pipe (1) of motor, the auger (2) of connecting the motor are adapted to inside rotation of material pipe (1), the one end of material pipe (1) is connected with bin outlet (3), a serial communication port, the inside of material pipe (1) is through spring elastic mounting has baffle post (4) that shelter from bin outlet (3), the valve of connecting baffle post (4) is installed to the tip of material pipe (1), the position of bin outlet (3) is provided with shower nozzle (5) of connecting the valve, baffle post (4) stop bin outlet (3) or baffle post (4) pressurized removal open bin outlet (3), make the valve close or the valve open intercommunication shower nozzle (5) water spray;
the valve comprises a valve shell (6) fixed at the end part of the material pipe (1), two sides of the valve shell (6) are provided with a through hole for communicating the spray head (5) with the water inlet pipeline, a slidable valve block (8) is arranged in the valve shell (6), the valve block (8) is elastically connected with the valve shell (6) through a spring, the surface of the valve block (8) is provided with a valve port of the through hole, the valve block (8) is fixedly connected with a feeler lever (7), and the feeler lever (7) is slidably penetrated into the material pipe (1) to be connected with the baffle column (4);
a telescopic groove is formed in one side, close to the feeler lever (7), of the baffle column (4), an adjusting plate (9) is elastically connected in the telescopic groove, and the feeler lever (7) is fixedly connected with the adjusting plate (9).
2. The material guiding device according to claim 1, wherein the material outlet (3) is inclined towards a side far away from the auger (2), and the end face of the baffle column (4) close to the auger (2) is inclined in parallel with the material outlet (3).
3. A crop straw compost fermentation treatment device using a material guiding device as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, comprising a housing (10) provided with a driving device, wherein the upper part of the housing (10) is provided with a feed inlet, a main shaft (14) and an auxiliary shaft (15) which are distributed up and down are arranged in the housing (10) at the position of the feed inlet, and the device is characterized in that blades are uniformly fixed on the surfaces of the main shaft (14) and the auxiliary shaft (15), the main shaft (14) and the auxiliary shaft (15) are connected with the driving device, a collecting bin is arranged at the bottom of the housing (10), a sieve plate (16) is arranged between the auxiliary shaft (15) and the collecting bin, the material pipe (1) is communicated with the collecting bin, a water supply device is arranged outside the housing (10), and the valve is connected with the water supply device.
4. The crop straw compost fermentation treatment device according to claim 3, wherein the driving device comprises a gear set, one ends of the main shaft (14) and the auxiliary shaft (15) are in transmission connection through the gear set, the other end of the main shaft (14) is connected with a motor, the transmission ratio of the main shaft (14) to the auxiliary shaft (15) is greater than 1, blades on the surfaces of the main shaft (14) and the auxiliary shaft (15) are in a same-direction bending shape, the blades on the surfaces of the main shaft (14) and the auxiliary shaft (15) are arranged in a staggered manner, the feed inlet is arranged in a downward inclined manner, and the bottom of the discharge opening (3) is opposite to the intersection position of the blades of the main shaft (14) and the auxiliary shaft (15).
5. The crop straw compost fermentation treatment device according to claim 4, wherein the water supply device comprises a water tank (11), an air pressurizing device is connected to the side edge of the water tank (11), a cam (12) is rotated above the air pressurizing device, the end part of the auxiliary shaft (15) is in transmission connection with the cam (12) through a belt assembly, a water pipe penetrating to the lower part of the water tank (11) is arranged at the top of the water tank, and the water pipe is connected with a port of a water inlet pipeline of the valve housing (6).
6. The crop straw compost fermentation treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that a gas overflow valve is mounted on top of the water tank (11).
7. The crop straw compost fermentation treatment device according to claim 5, wherein the air pressurizing means comprises a piston tube (13), two sets of one-way valves are connected to the bottom of the piston tube (13), one set of one-way valves is connected to the water tank (11), the other set of one-way valves is connected to the outside air, a piston rod (17) is adapted to slide inside the piston tube (13), the piston rod (17) is connected to the piston tube (13) by a spring, and the top of the piston rod (17) is in contact with the cam (12).
8. A composting fermentation treatment method based on the crop straw composting fermentation treatment apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized by the specific steps of:
A. putting the straws into a shell (10), and crushing the straws into crushed materials through blades on the surfaces of a main shaft (14) and an auxiliary shaft (15) which rotate;
B. crushed straws are gathered to a collecting bin, and crushed aggregates in a discharging bin are conducted to the position of a discharging port (3) through a material pipe (1) by a rotary auger (2);
C. the crushed aggregates are pushed to move by the auger (2), so that the baffle column (4) is pressed to move to open the discharge opening (3) to discharge the crushed aggregates, and meanwhile, the moving baffle column (4) opens the valve to spray water of the water supply device through the spray head (5), so that the crushed aggregates discharged from the discharge opening (3) are directly mixed with the water to form wet materials;
D. stacking wet materials discharged from the discharge opening (3), and sprinkling a layer of corrosion-promoting bacteria agent on the wet materials with the height of 30-40cm to form a fermentation stack;
E. and wrapping the fermentation pile by using a sealing film, and sealing and fermenting the fermentation pile.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2912477A1 (en) * | 1978-03-30 | 1979-10-18 | Karl Scherz | DEVICE FOR OPENING STRAW |
| CN212143907U (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-12-15 | 甘肃鸿泽农业开发有限公司 | Corn stalk fermenting installation |
| CN112275773A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-29 | 刘品 | Agricultural wheat straw recovery device |
| CN215122290U (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-12-14 | 安徽瑞江农牧科技有限公司 | Straw pulverizer |
| CN215122293U (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-12-14 | 王绪梅 | Pasture cutting device for animal husbandry processing |
| CN215380401U (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-01-04 | 江苏宏源菌业有限公司 | Industrialized pleurotus eryngii harvesting and mushroom residue recovery system |
-
2022
- 2022-04-08 CN CN202210364327.1A patent/CN114698472B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2912477A1 (en) * | 1978-03-30 | 1979-10-18 | Karl Scherz | DEVICE FOR OPENING STRAW |
| CN212143907U (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-12-15 | 甘肃鸿泽农业开发有限公司 | Corn stalk fermenting installation |
| CN112275773A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-29 | 刘品 | Agricultural wheat straw recovery device |
| CN215380401U (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-01-04 | 江苏宏源菌业有限公司 | Industrialized pleurotus eryngii harvesting and mushroom residue recovery system |
| CN215122290U (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-12-14 | 安徽瑞江农牧科技有限公司 | Straw pulverizer |
| CN215122293U (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-12-14 | 王绪梅 | Pasture cutting device for animal husbandry processing |
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