CN114678151B - 一种基于铋化合物的柔性透明辐射防护膜制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种基于铋化合物的柔性透明辐射防护膜制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于铋化合物的柔性透明辐射防护膜制备方法及其应用，将铋化合物纳米颗粒，聚乙烯醇，微量甘油混合，制得柔性透明辐射防护膜。本发明将纳米颗粒分散于水中，形成稳定分散液，保证了纳米颗粒与聚乙烯醇混合所得溶胶的均匀性，避免纳米颗粒因团聚导致的复合膜透明度下降，实现在可见光波段(400‑800nm)实现70％以上的光透过率；并在微量甘油的作用下，实现辐射防护膜柔性的长期稳定性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及光电、医疗器件与陶瓷技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于铋化合物的柔性透明辐射防护膜制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
电离辐射应用技术作为新兴领域，极大的促进了经济的发展以及社会进步，尤其是医疗辐射照射，涌现出一大批诊断和治疗技术；与此同时，电离辐射也对人类健康存在着重大的为威胁，因此，辐射防护必不可少。通常，物质屏蔽是作为辐射防护的重要手段之一，即在辐射源与受照对象之间设置适当的屏蔽物，然而对于X射线以及伽马射线而言，用原子序数高的物质效果最好。
传统的辐射防护材料主要分为两类，一类是金属基防护材料，以铅板为代表，具有较好的防护能力，但便携性较差，适宜在固定场合使用；另一类是重金属复合材料，以铅基复合材料为主，例如铅橡胶，铅玻璃，部分实现了柔性以及透明性，但仍存在较大的不足，一是铅具有生物毒性，稳定性较差，易挥发，影响神经***以及其生物组织器官，尤其是对儿童而言；二是传统的辐射防护材料性能单一，很难实现柔性，透明性，轻质等多种特性的统一，限制了其应用范围。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种基于铋化合物的柔性透明辐射防护膜制备方法及其应用，以解决现有技术的上述问题。
本发明的方案是：
一种基于铋化合物的柔性透明辐射防护膜制备方法，包括下列步骤：
1)反应物铋源Bi(NO3)3·5H2O与氟源NH4F按摩尔比1:3组成，反应溶剂为乙二醇；
2)将步骤1)称取的反应物铋源跟氟源分别在乙二醇中溶解，持续搅拌，至溶液呈透明状态；
3)在搅拌状态下，将含有铋源的乙二醇溶液跟氟源的乙二醇溶液混合，反应持续1分钟；
4)将步骤3)的反应产物，离心分离得到沉淀，分散在去离子水中，得到纳米颗粒分散液；
5)将步骤4)所述的纳米颗粒分散液与聚乙烯醇水溶液按不同质量比混合，加入0.1v％甘油，搅拌混合均匀后，得混合水溶胶；
6)取步骤5)中所述混合水溶胶1～100v％通过成膜法用到衬底上，放入烘箱，30～100℃条件干燥，得到柔性透明辐射防护膜。
作为优选的技术方案，所述步骤4)中纳米颗粒分散液的核纳米晶尺寸分布在10～100nm。
作为优选的技术方案，所述铋源为硝酸铋、氯化铋其中的一种；氟源为氟化铵，氢氟酸，氟化钠其中的一种。
作为优选的技术方案，所述步骤3)在快速搅拌下，将硝酸铋的乙二醇溶液缓慢倾倒入氟化铵的乙二醇溶液中；
作为优选的技术方案，所述步骤6)中水溶性核壳纳米晶质量占柔性透明辐射防护膜总质量的大于60％。
作为优选的技术方案，所述步骤6)中成膜法包括滴涂、旋涂、印刷其中的一种。
作为优选的技术方案，所述步骤6)中衬底材质包括聚丙烯，玻璃，聚四氟乙烯、透明陶瓷其中的一种。
本发明还公开了一种基于铋化合物的柔性透明辐射防护膜在医疗、光电器件与陶瓷领域中的应用。
由于采用了上述技术方案一种基于铋化合物的柔性透明辐射防护膜制备方法及其应用，包括以下步骤：1)反应物铋源Bi(NO3)3·5H2O与氟源NH4F按摩尔比1:3组成，反应溶剂为乙二醇；2)将步骤1)称取的反应物铋源跟氟源分别在乙二醇中溶解，持续搅拌，至溶液呈透明状态；3)在搅拌状态下，将含有铋源的乙二醇溶液跟氟源的乙二醇溶液混合，反应持续1分钟；4)将步骤3)的反应产物，离心分离得到沉淀，分散在去离子水中，得到纳米颗粒分散液；5)将步骤4)所述的纳米颗粒分散液与聚乙烯醇水溶液按不同质量比混合，加入0.1v％甘油，搅拌混合均匀后，得混合水溶胶；6)取步骤5)中步骤中所述混合水溶胶1～100v％通过成膜法用到衬底上，放入烘箱，30～100℃条件干燥，得到柔性透明辐射防护膜。
本发明的优点：
本发明通过将纳米颗粒分散于水中，形成稳定分散液，保证了纳米颗粒与聚乙烯醇混合所得溶胶的均匀性，避免纳米颗粒因团聚导致的复合膜透明度下降，实现在可见光波段(400-800nm)实现70％以上的光透过率；并在微量甘油的作用下，实现辐射防护膜柔性的长期稳定性。
本发明在保持了柔性透明辐射防护膜的高透明度的前提下，实现了对X射线的有效吸收，减少X射线的透过率，实现了对辐射敏感成分的防护，尤其可保护人员免受核电和工业设施、实验室以及医疗中心的辐射影响。
附图说明
图1本发明的纳米晶以及柔性透明辐射防护膜的XRD；
图2本发明的柔性透明辐射防护膜与铜片以及铅片的防护效果比较以及透明展示。
具体实施方式
为了弥补传统防护材料的不足，本发明提供了一种基于铋化合物的柔性透明辐射防护膜制备方法及其应用以解决上述背景技术中的问题。
一种基于铋化合物的柔性透明辐射防护膜制备方法，包括下列步骤：
1)反应物铋源Bi(NO3)3·5H2O与氟源NH4F按摩尔比1:3组成，反应溶剂为乙二醇；
2)将步骤1)称取的反应物铋源跟氟源分别在乙二醇中溶解，持续搅拌，至溶液呈透明状态；
3)在搅拌状态下，将含有铋源的乙二醇溶液跟氟源的乙二醇溶液混合，反应持续1分钟；
4)将步骤3)的反应产物，离心分离得到沉淀，分散在去离子水中，得到纳米颗粒分散液；
5)将步骤4)所述的纳米颗粒分散液与聚乙烯醇水溶液按不同质量比混合，加入0.1v％甘油，搅拌混合均匀后，得混合水溶胶；
6)取步骤5)中所述混合水溶胶1～100v％通过成膜法用到衬底上，放入烘箱，30～100℃条件干燥，得到柔性透明辐射防护膜。
所述步骤4)中纳米颗粒分散液的核纳米晶尺寸分布在10～100nm。
所述铋源为硝酸铋、氯化铋其中的一种；氟源为氟化铵，氢氟酸，氟化钠其中的一种。
所述步骤3)在快速搅拌下，将硝酸铋的乙二醇溶液缓慢倾倒入氟化铵的乙二醇溶液中；
所述步骤6)中水溶性核壳纳米晶质量占柔性透明辐射防护膜总质量的大于60％。
所述步骤6)中成膜法包括滴涂、旋涂、印刷其中的一种。
所述步骤6)中衬底材质包括聚丙烯，玻璃，聚四氟乙烯、透明陶瓷其中的一种。
本发明还公开了一种基于铋化合物的柔性透明辐射防护膜在医疗、光电器件与陶瓷领域中的应用。
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1：
1)反应物铋源Bi(NO3)3·5H2O与氟源NH4F按摩尔比1:3组成，反应溶剂为乙二醇；
2)将步骤1)称取的反应物铋源跟氟源分别在乙二醇中溶解，持续搅拌，至溶液呈透明状态；
3)在搅拌状态下，将含有铋源的乙二醇溶液跟氟源的乙二醇溶液混合，反应持续1分钟；
4)将步骤3)的反应产物，离心分离得到沉淀，分散在去离子水中，得到纳米颗粒分散液；
5)将步骤4)所述的纳米颗粒分散液与聚乙烯醇水溶液按不同质量比混合，加入0.1v％甘油，搅拌混合均匀后，得混合水溶胶；
6)取步骤5)中所述混合水溶胶1～100v％通过成膜法用到衬底上，放入烘箱，30～100℃条件干燥，得到柔性透明辐射防护膜。
所述步骤4)中纳米颗粒分散液的核纳米晶尺寸分布在10～100nm。
所述铋源为硝酸铋、氯化铋其中的一种；氟源为氟化铵，氢氟酸，氟化钠其中的一种。
所述步骤3)在快速搅拌下，将硝酸铋的乙二醇溶液缓慢倾倒入氟化铵的乙二醇溶液中；
所述步骤6)中水溶性核壳纳米晶质量占柔性透明辐射防护膜总质量的大于60％。
所述步骤6)中成膜法包括滴涂、旋涂、印刷其中的一种。
所述步骤6)中衬底材质包括聚丙烯，玻璃，聚四氟乙烯、透明陶瓷其中的一种。
实施例2：
1)反应物铋源Bi(NO3)3·5H2O与氟源NH4F按摩尔比1:3组成，反应溶剂为乙二醇；
2)将步骤1)称取的反应物铋源跟氟源分别在乙二醇中溶解，持续搅拌，至溶液呈透明状态；
3)在搅拌状态下，将含有铋源的乙二醇溶液跟氟源的乙二醇溶液混合，反应持续1分钟；
4)将步骤3)的反应产物，离心分离得到沉淀，分散在去离子水中，得到纳米颗粒分散液；
5)将步骤4)所述的纳米颗粒分散液与聚乙烯醇水溶液按不同质量比混合，加入0.1v％甘油，搅拌混合均匀后，得混合水溶胶；
6)取步骤5)中所述混合水溶胶1～100v％通过成膜法用到衬底上，放入烘箱，30～100℃条件干燥，得到柔性透明辐射防护膜。
所述步骤4)中纳米颗粒分散液的核纳米晶尺寸分布在10～100nm。
所述步骤3)在快速搅拌下，将硝酸铋的乙二醇溶液缓慢倾倒入氟化铵的乙二醇溶液中；
所述步骤6)中水溶性核壳纳米晶质量占柔性透明辐射防护膜总质量的 0.1％-99.9％。
所述步骤6)中成膜法包括滴涂、旋涂、印刷其中的一种。
所述步骤1)反应物铋源为为硝酸铋，氟源为氟化铵；
所述步骤6)衬底材质为聚丙烯；
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征及本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (6)
1.一种基于铋基氟化物的柔性透明辐射防护膜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括下列步骤：
1)反应物铋源Bi(NO3)3·5H2O与氟源NH4F按摩尔比1:3组成，反应溶剂为乙二醇；
2)将步骤1）称取的反应物铋源跟氟源分别在乙二醇中溶解，持续搅拌，至溶液呈透明状态；
3)在搅拌状态下，将含有铋源的乙二醇溶液跟氟源的乙二醇溶液混合，反应持续1分钟；
4）将步骤3）的反应产物，离心分离得到沉淀，分散在去离子水中，得到纳米颗粒分散液；
5）将步骤4）所述的纳米颗粒分散液与聚乙烯醇水溶液按不同质量比混合，加入0.1v％甘油，搅拌混合均匀后，得混合水溶胶；
6）取步骤5）中所述混合水溶胶1～100v％通过成膜法用到衬底上，放入烘箱，30～100℃条件干燥，得到柔性透明辐射防护膜；成膜法为滴涂、旋涂、印刷其中的一种。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种基于铋基氟化物的柔性透明辐射防护膜的制备
方法，其特征在于：所述步骤4）中纳米颗粒分散液的核纳米晶尺寸分布在10～100nm。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种基于铋基氟化物的柔性透明辐射防护膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述铋源为硝酸铋、氯化铋其中的一种；氟源为氟化铵，氢氟酸，氟化钠其中的一种。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种基于铋基氟化物的柔性透明辐射防护膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤6）中水溶性核壳纳米晶质量占柔性透明辐射防护膜总质量的大于60%。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种基于铋基氟化物的柔性透明辐射防护膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤6）中衬底材质包括聚丙烯，玻璃，聚四氟乙烯、透明陶瓷其中的一种。
6.一种如权利要求1至5所述的方法制备的基于铋基氟化物的柔性透明辐射防护膜在医疗、光电器件与陶瓷领域中的应用。
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