CN114673643B - Spherical surface supporting swash plate inclination angle dual-variable axial plunger pump and motor - Google Patents
Spherical surface supporting swash plate inclination angle dual-variable axial plunger pump and motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114673643B CN114673643B CN202210418318.6A CN202210418318A CN114673643B CN 114673643 B CN114673643 B CN 114673643B CN 202210418318 A CN202210418318 A CN 202210418318A CN 114673643 B CN114673643 B CN 114673643B
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- swash plate
- plunger
- inclination angle
- motor
- cylinder body
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/26—Control
- F04B1/30—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks
- F04B1/32—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
- F04B1/324—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block by changing the inclination of the swash plate
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
- F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
- F03C1/06—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F03C1/0678—Control
- F03C1/0686—Control by changing the inclination of the swash plate
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
A spherical surface supporting swash plate inclination angle double-variable axial plunger pump and motor comprises a swash plate, control plungers and variable plungers, wherein the variable plungers are respectively installed on the upper side and the lower side of the swash plate, and the control plungers are respectively installed on the left side and the right side of the swash plate; the surface of the swash plate for mounting the control plunger is a slipper contact plane, the bottom surface opposite to the slipper contact plane is a swash plate supporting surface, and the swash plate supporting surface is processed into a spherical surface; the variable plunger controls the inclination angle of the swash plate in the vertical direction and controls the inclination angle of the swash plate in the horizontal direction. The supporting surface of the swash plate is processed into a spherical surface, so that the swash plate can rotate for a certain angle around a rotation center in the horizontal direction, the control plungers are added at the symmetrical positions of the left side and the right side of the swash plate in the horizontal direction, the surface of the swash plate realizes a certain rotation angle in the horizontal direction, pressure impact, vacuum cavitation and noise caused by pressure mutation when a closed volume at the bottom of the plunger is switched between a suction oil cavity and a pressure oil cavity are reduced to the maximum extent, the flow pulsation is reduced, and the service life of a pump and a motor is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic machinery, in particular to an axial plunger pump and a motor with a spherical supporting swash plate and double variable inclination angles.
Background
The axial plunger pump is used as a power element of a hydraulic system, has the advantages of easy variable adjustment, large power-weight ratio, high efficiency and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, energy engineering machinery, ship industry and the like. With the continuous improvement of hydraulic technology, the axial plunger pump develops towards the direction of high speed, high pressure and large flow, and how to reduce vibration, reduce cavitation and noise and prolong the service life becomes the key point of research.
In the swash plate type axial plunger pump and motor, plungers are uniformly distributed in plunger holes of a cylinder body along the axial direction, a spring arranged in the hollow part of a transmission shaft presses a slipper at the head of the plunger to a swash plate forming an inclination angle with a shaft through a pressure plate on one hand, and presses the cylinder body to a valve plate on the other hand, and the volume at the bottom of the plunger is a closed volume. When the prime motor drives the cylinder body to rotate through the transmission shaft, the plunger positioned at the top dead center moves inwards in the plunger hole of the cylinder body under the action of the constraint reaction force of the swash plate, the closed volume at the bottom of the plunger is reduced, and oil is discharged through a pressure oil window of the valve plate; the plunger at the bottom dead center extends outwards under the action of the spring force, the volume of the bottom of the plunger is increased, and oil in the oil tank is sucked through the oil suction window of the valve plate.
In order to prevent pressure impact, vacuum cavitation and noise caused by pressure mutation when the closed volume at the bottom of the plunger is converted into a suction oil cavity and a pressure oil cavity, a vibration reduction groove (hole) is generally formed in the front end of a suction oil window and a pressure oil window of a valve plate, or the valve plate is placed in a manner of deflecting a certain angle along the rotation direction of a cylinder body, but the vibration reduction groove (hole) and the pressure oil window are generally asymmetric measures which are adopted aiming at a certain rotation direction of a pump, the rotation direction of a pump shaft cannot be changed randomly, a vibration reduction structure is fixed and cannot be adjusted, and the valve plate needs to be replaced if the vibration reduction structure is changed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an axial plunger pump and a motor with a spherical surface supporting swash plate and a double-variable inclination angle.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the axial plunger pump and the motor with the spherical surface supporting the swash plate and the dual-variable inclination angle comprise a swash plate and a cylinder body, wherein plungers are arranged in the cylinder body, a through hole for a pump shaft of the cylinder body to pass through is formed in the center of the swash plate, a control plunger and variable plungers are further arranged, the variable plungers are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the swash plate, and the control plungers are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the swash plate; the surface of the swash plate for mounting the control plunger is a slipper contact plane, the bottom surface opposite to the slipper contact plane is a swash plate supporting surface, and the swash plate supporting surface is processed into a spherical surface; the variable plunger controls the inclination angle beta of the swash plate in the vertical direction, and the control plunger controls the inclination angle gamma of the swash plate in the horizontal direction.
The swash plate part for installing the control plunger is arranged in bilateral symmetry.
The variable plunger and the control plunger are axially arranged in parallel.
The position of the cylinder inner plunger in the Y direction is expressed as:
y＝-R·(tanγsinθ+tanβcosθ)
the speed expression of the plungers in the cylinder bodies of the pump and the motor is as follows:
υ＝-Rω·(tanγcosθ-tanβsinθ)
wherein θ is a rotation angle of the plunger in the cylinder body, R is a radius of a circumference of the plunger in the cylinder body moving with the cylinder body, γ is an inclination angle changed in a horizontal direction of the swash plate, and β is an inclination angle changed in a vertical direction of the swash plate.
The rotation angle of the plunger in the cylinder block to the top dead center and the bottom dead center is a function of the inclination angle beta in the vertical direction and the inclination angle gamma in the horizontal direction of the swash plate, wherein,
the rotation angle when the plunger in the cylinder reaches the top dead center is:
the rotation angle when the plunger reaches the bottom dead center in the cylinder body is as follows:
wherein γ is an inclination angle of the swash plate which changes in a horizontal direction, and β is an inclination angle of the swash plate which changes in a vertical direction.
The amount of movement of each of the two sides of the control plunger is determined by external parameters which are measured by known operating conditions and by sensors.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses an axial plunger pump and a motor with a spherical supporting swash plate and double variable inclination angles. The conventional technology generally changes the inclination angle of a swash plate by moving a variable plunger so as to change the displacement of a pump/motor, and a pair of control plungers is added so as to realize additional adjustable inclination angles of the swash plate. The top dead center and the bottom dead center of the plunger in the cylinder body are changed after the inclination angle is changed, the position is deviated from the original middle position, the position is close to the top dead center when the window of the cylinder body is moved away from the oil suction cavity, pre-compression is realized by utilizing the section of closed angle, when the plunger in the cylinder body leaves the top dead center, the bottom volume of the plunger in the cylinder body is compressed, and the plunger is communicated when the pressure rises to be close to or reach the pressure of the oil pressing cavity, so that the pressure mutation can be effectively relieved, meanwhile, the inclination angle of the swash plate in the horizontal direction is adjustable and direction-changing, and the inclination angle can be controlled by controlling the movement of the plunger. The motion of the control plunger is controlled by external parameters, after the external parameters are measured under known working conditions and through a sensor, the motion amount of the control plunger is calculated through processing of a control algorithm, the control plunger is pushed to move through controlling the oil pressure of an oil way, the optimal inclination angle of the inclined disc surface is realized, the pressure impact, the vacuum cavitation and the noise caused by pressure mutation when the closed volume at the bottom of the plunger is converted into a pressure oil cavity are reduced to the greatest extent, the flow pulsation is reduced, and the service life of a pump and a motor is prolonged.
The invention improves pressure impact, vacuum cavitation and noise through structural design, and has the advantages of simple structure and good economical efficiency. In addition, this structure still has extensive applicability's characteristics, can choose for use the control plunger of different sizes and shape to the operating mode of difference to guarantee that pump, motor have excellent working property.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view and a schematic BB sectional view of the swash plate;
FIG. 5 is a front view and an AA cross-sectional view of the control plunger assembly;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the tilt angle of the present invention.
Reference numerals are as follows: the swash plate comprises a swash plate 1, a swash plate supporting surface 2, a slipper contact plane 3, a through hole 4, a pump shaft 5, a control plunger 6 and a variable plunger 7.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the axial plunger pump and the motor of the present embodiment with a spherically supported swash plate with dual-variable inclination angle include a swash plate 1, a cylinder block, a control plunger 6 and a variable plunger 7;
a plunger is arranged in the cylinder body, and a through hole 4 for a pump shaft 5 of the cylinder body to pass through is formed in the center of the swash plate 1;
the upper side and the lower side of the swash plate 1 are respectively provided with a variable plunger 7, and the left side and the right side of the swash plate 1 are respectively provided with a control plunger 6;
the surface of the swash plate 1, on which the control plunger 6 is arranged, is a slipper contact plane 3, the bottom surface opposite to the slipper contact plane 3 is a swash plate supporting surface 2, and the swash plate supporting surface 2 is processed into a spherical surface;
wherein, the variable plunger 7 controls the inclination angle beta of the swash plate 1 in the vertical direction, and the control plunger 6 controls the inclination angle gamma of the swash plate 1 in the horizontal direction.
In the embodiment, the swash plate parts for installing the control plungers 6 are arranged in a left-right symmetrical manner; the variable piston 7 and the control piston 6 are arranged in parallel axially.
In order to clearly express the principle of controlling the inclination angle of the swash plate 1, fig. 6 is a structural diagram of hiding part of the pistons and cylinders in the cylinders, and the inclination angle of the swash plate 1 of the invention is controlled by the variable piston 7 and the control piston 6 together, and the principle is as follows:
the supporting surface 2 of the swash plate is processed into a spherical surface, so that the swash plate 1 can rotate a certain angle around a rotation center in the horizontal direction, a pair of control plungers 6 are added at symmetrical positions on the left side and the right side of the horizontal direction of the swash plate 1 besides a pair of variable plungers 7 for controlling the inclination angle and changing the displacement of the swash plate in the vertical direction, and the swash plate is controlled to realize a certain rotation angle in the horizontal direction. The pump and the motor are additionally provided with a control plunger 6, so that the additional adjustable inclined angle of the swash plate can be controlled and realized.
In a defined rectangular coordinate system oyx, the position of the cylinder inner plunger in the Y direction is expressed as:
y＝-R·(tanγsinθ+tanβcosθ)
the speed expression of the plunger in the cylinder body is as follows:
υ＝-Rω·(tanγcosθ-tanβsinθ)
wherein θ is a rotation angle of the plunger in the cylinder body, R is a radius of a circumference of the plunger in the cylinder body moving with the cylinder body, γ is an inclination angle changed in a horizontal direction of the swash plate, and β is an inclination angle changed in a vertical direction of the swash plate.
The positions in the cylinder where the y value of the plunger is the largest and smallest are described as top dead center and bottom dead center, respectively, and the corresponding rotation angle is determined by making the velocity of the plunger zero. The rotation angle of the plunger in the cylinder body reaching the top dead center and the bottom dead center is a function of the inclination angle beta of the swash plate in the vertical direction and the inclination angle gamma of the swash plate in the horizontal direction, and the expression is as follows:
the rotation angle of the plunger in the cylinder when the plunger reaches the top dead center is as follows:
the rotation angle when the plunger reaches the bottom dead center in the cylinder body is as follows:
wherein γ is an inclination angle of the swash plate which changes in the horizontal direction, and β is an inclination angle of the swash plate which changes in the vertical direction;
when γ =0, the rotation angle of the plunger at the top dead center is 0, and the rotation angle at the bottom dead center is 180 °. Therefore, the upper and lower dead center positions are kept constant regardless of the vertical inclination angle β of the swash plate. When γ ≠ 0, the rotation angles at which the plungers reach the top dead center and the bottom dead center are functions of the swash plate vertical direction inclination angle β, and these rotation angles increase as β decreases. When β =0, the rotation angles at which the plunger reaches the top dead center and the bottom dead center are 90 ° and 270 °, respectively. When γ < 0, the positions of the upper and lower dead points are shifted counterclockwise by several degrees in the rotational direction of the cylinder body, so that the angle of pre-compression and decompression is smaller. When gamma is greater than 0, the positions of the upper and lower dead points are shifted clockwise by several degrees, opposite to the direction of rotation of the cylinder, so that the angle of pre-compression and decompression becomes large.
The top dead center and the bottom dead center of the plunger in the cylinder body are changed after the inclination angle is changed, the position is deviated from the original middle position, the position is close to the top dead center when the window of the cylinder body is moved away from the oil suction cavity, pre-compression is realized by utilizing the section of closed angle, when the plunger leaves the top dead center, the bottom volume of the plunger is compressed, and the plunger is communicated when the pressure rises to be close to or reach the pressure of the oil pressing cavity, so that the pressure mutation can be effectively relieved, meanwhile, the inclination angle of the swash plate in the horizontal direction is adjustable and direction-changing, and the inclination angle can be controlled by controlling the movement of the plunger. The motion of the control plunger is controlled by external parameters, the motion amount of the control plunger is calculated by processing of a control algorithm after the external parameters are measured under known working conditions and through a sensor, and the optimal inclination angle of the swash plate is realized by controlling the motion of the control plunger pushed by the oil pressure of an oil way.
The invention realizes additional adjustable inclined angle of the inclined plate by changing the supporting surface of the inclined plate and controlling the plunger piston, reduces pressure impact, vacuum cavitation and noise caused by pressure mutation when the closed volume at the bottom of the plunger piston is switched between a suction oil cavity and a pressure oil cavity to the maximum extent, reduces flow pulsation and prolongs the service life of a pump and a motor.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a two changeable axial plunger pumps in swash plate inclination, motor are supported to sphere, includes swash plate and cylinder body, is equipped with the plunger in the cylinder body, the central point of swash plate puts the through-hole that the pump shaft that is used for the cylinder body passes, its characterized in that: the variable plunger piston is respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the swash plate, and the control plunger pistons are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the swash plate; the surface of the swash plate for mounting the control plunger is a slipper contact plane, the bottom surface opposite to the slipper contact plane is a swash plate supporting surface, and the swash plate supporting surface is processed into a spherical surface; the variable plunger controls the inclination angle beta of the swash plate in the vertical direction, and the control plunger controls the inclination angle gamma of the swash plate in the horizontal direction.
2. The axial piston pump, motor with dual variable inclination of the swash plate supported by the spherical surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the swash plate part of the installation control plunger piston is arranged in bilateral symmetry.
3. The spherically supported swashplate tilt dual variable axial piston pump, motor of claim 1, wherein: the variable plunger and the control plunger are axially arranged in parallel.
4. The spherically supported swashplate tilt dual variable axial piston pump, motor of claim 1, wherein: taking the center of the pump shaft as an original point, the axial direction of the pump shaft is a Y axis, the horizontal direction and the axial direction are vertical to each other and are an X axis, the vertical direction and the axial direction are vertical to each other and are a Z axis, an OXYZ space rectangular coordinate system is established, and the position of the plunger in the cylinder body in the Y axis direction is expressed as follows:
y＝-R·(tanγsinθ+tanβcosθ)
the speed expressions of the plungers in the cylinder bodies of the pump and the motor are as follows:
υ＝-Rω·(tanγcosθ-tanβsinθ)
wherein, theta is the rotation angle of the plunger in the cylinder body, R is the radius of the circumference of the plunger moving along with the cylinder body in the cylinder body, gamma is the changed inclination angle of the swash plate in the horizontal direction, and beta is the changed inclination angle of the swash plate in the vertical direction.
5. The spherically supported swashplate tilt dual variable axial piston pump, motor of claim 1, wherein: the rotation angle of the plunger in the cylinder block to the top dead center and the bottom dead center is a function of a vertical direction inclination angle beta and a horizontal direction inclination angle gamma of the swash plate, wherein,
the rotation angle when the plunger in the cylinder reaches the top dead center is:
the rotation angle when the plunger reaches the bottom dead center in the cylinder body is as follows:
wherein γ is an inclination angle of the swash plate which changes in a horizontal direction, and β is an inclination angle of the swash plate which changes in a vertical direction.
6. The axial piston pump, motor with dual variable inclination of the swash plate supported by the spherical surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the amount of movement of each side of the control plunger is determined by external parameters, which are measured by known operating conditions and by sensors.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210418318.6A CN114673643B (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Spherical surface supporting swash plate inclination angle dual-variable axial plunger pump and motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210418318.6A CN114673643B (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Spherical surface supporting swash plate inclination angle dual-variable axial plunger pump and motor |
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| CN114673643A CN114673643A (en) | 2022-06-28 |
| CN114673643B true CN114673643B (en) | 2023-04-14 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116292168B (en) * | 2023-04-24 | 2024-06-28 | 厦门大学 | Active control method for distribution flow process of swash plate inclination angle double-variable four-quadrant plunger pump |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2411371Y (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2000-12-20 | 李世六 | Axial piston type hydraulic variable desplacement pump or variable speed motor |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB865648A (en) * | 1959-01-01 | 1961-04-19 | Boulton Aircraft Ltd | Improvements in or relating to multi-stage variable capacity reciprocating pumps |
| JPH1037848A (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 1998-02-13 | Tokimec Inc | Axial piston type hydraulic device |
| CN101415944B (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2010-12-22 | 朱荣辉 | Axial plunger pump or motor |
| CN101487458B (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2012-05-23 | 张全根 | Axial variable displacement plunger pump of swash plate |
| DE102012215240A1 (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2014-03-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Swash plate machine |
| EP2767713A1 (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2014-08-20 | Innas B.V. | Hydraulic swash block positioning system |
| CN105587481A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-05-18 | 沈阳化工大学 | High-speed variable-displacement axial plunger pump |
| CN110439777A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-12 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of hydraulic engine plunger pump by load control hydraulic displacement |
| CN111692063B (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2021-11-12 | 合肥工业大学 | Floating swash plate follow-up spherical hinge hinged conical plunger variable pump/motor rotating assembly |
| CN113847235B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2023-06-23 | 浙江大学 | Composite multi-sensor plunger pump sliding shoe auxiliary bearing characteristic simulation test mechanism |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2411371Y (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2000-12-20 | 李世六 | Axial piston type hydraulic variable desplacement pump or variable speed motor |
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